EP0340140A1 - Mechanische Sortiervorrichtung mit einem in divergierenden Windungen angeordneten Förder- und Oszillierseil - Google Patents

Mechanische Sortiervorrichtung mit einem in divergierenden Windungen angeordneten Förder- und Oszillierseil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0340140A1
EP0340140A1 EP89480069A EP89480069A EP0340140A1 EP 0340140 A1 EP0340140 A1 EP 0340140A1 EP 89480069 A EP89480069 A EP 89480069A EP 89480069 A EP89480069 A EP 89480069A EP 0340140 A1 EP0340140 A1 EP 0340140A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
turns
wire
rollers
roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89480069A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Maurice Maurel Roch
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0340140A1 publication Critical patent/EP0340140A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
    • B07B13/065—Apparatus for grading or sorting using divergent conveyor belts or cables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mechanical device intended to separate fruits, vegetables or other objects of different sizes and to proceed to a selection of several predetermined sizes.
  • this invention remains particularly suitable for the calibration of table olives previously stripped of their leaves by an associated or independent means.
  • one method consists in using a cylindrical grid formed by a metal wire arranged in a sort of helix with variable pitch, centered and fixed on a horizontal carrying shaft, by rigid spokes.
  • the spacing of the turns, very small at one end of the cylinder, increases by going towards the exit, at the other end.
  • the fruits are collected below the cylinder in troughs suitably arranged to select the different sizes.
  • the cylinder is replaced by a cone; the helical wire is then replaced by bars welded at their ends on the periphery of two toroids constituting the bases of the cone, the spacing of the bars increases between the small and the large base.
  • the size of these mechanical grading machines is of the order of 0.8 m in width, 1.5 m to 2.5 m in length; their weight is of the order of 100 kg to 200 kg.
  • the loops determine two horizontal layers, one of which, the upper, ensures the transport and sizing of the fruits. Brought to the entrance of the corridor, the graded olives are selectively collected between the two horizontal layers and at the other end of the corridor.
  • Coil springs are used to maintain sufficient tension in the conveyor strands; this tension nevertheless remains unequal between each of the loops, due to their independence.
  • the olives which are presented in the transverse direction to the corridor are generally maintained in this position by the turns of the springs, throughout their course.
  • the device according to this invention overcomes these drawbacks: it uses, like the previous one, the principle of the divergent conveyor corridor, but with a single continuous wire, (a single loop), wound in turns stretched alternately in two and three rollers whose axes of rotation are mutually parallel, horizontal, and cross perpendicularly the same plane of symmetry, necessarily vertical.
  • rollers Two of these rollers, positioned on the same horizontal plane, the first at the entrance, the second at the exit of the corridor, support by their upper generator, the active part of all the turns of the conveyor ply.
  • the third roller is preferably located vertically below that located at the entrance to the corridor.
  • the wire thus wound describes a kind of net whose movement moves from one side to the other of the corridor, in a group of turns, while it moves in opposite direction in the other group to close in on itself, at the end of its round trip.
  • the net generated by a group of turns has a step to "right", while, in the other group, the step is to "left" ".
  • the turns are maintained in position and spacing determined in grooves arranged at the periphery of the rollers. To cause the divergent movement necessary for calibration, the spacing is greater on the output roller than on the aisle input roller.
  • This arrangement ensures uniform tension of the conveyor strands. This tension is obtained by two tensioners which act on either side of the roller located at the front of the device, at the end of the corridor.
  • the rotation of the intermediate rollers is quite simply generated by contact with the conveyor belt; its speed, hence the frequency of oscillation, is inversely proportional to the diameter of these rollers.
  • their upper generator is positioned slightly above that of the rollers placed at the entrance and at the exit of the corridor.
  • the rotational movement necessary for the operation of the device is received by one of the first three rollers mentioned, preferably that placed at the entrance to the corridor; it is generated by a motor coupled directly at the end of the shaft or via an appropriate transmission.
  • the engine rotation speed fixed or variable, must allow a belt translation speed of the order of five to ten meters per minute.
  • the fruits to be graded are brought directly, or following a preliminary treatment, to a hopper, fitted with a regulating flap, where they are poured at the entrance of the conveyor corridor; the smallest fall as soon as they arrive at the entrance to the corridor, the largest are dumped at the exit, while the others, of intermediate caliber, are released as soon as they arrive at the point where the spacing of the divergent strands corresponds to their own size.
  • the fruits, thus released, are collected in receptacles suitably distributed below the apparatus, to select the different sizes. In their fall, the fruit crosses the two lower layers without discomfort.
  • an operator can intervene manually on the corridor during transport, to remove the crushed fruit, pricked or having any other sort of undetectable anomaly at calibration.
  • the device of a medium model, described here, has a footprint of 1 m in length, 0.4 m in width, 0.35 m in height; it weighs 20 kg and allows an hourly flow rate of 400 kg of olives.
  • This device has, among other things, the advantage of being able to be easily transported from one farm to another, for example, in the luggage compartment of a car.
  • the mechanical device is intended for the calibration of fruit, vegetables and other objects, of the type using a conveyor corridor with a single continuous wire, divergent and oscillating, supported and guided by equidistant rollers, parallel to each other, horizontal, provided with circular grooves to form a conveyor sheet, from one or more groups of turns; the arrangement of the turns of this wire, part of which, conventionally wound in the direction of travel of the corridor, is stretched by rollers, borrowing only one groove out of two of these rollers, while progressing, by hypothesis, from right edge towards the left edge of the corridor, while the second part of the turns, always wound in the same conventional direction, is stretched by rollers, using the intermediate grooves located between the turns of the first part, to progress in the direction reverse of the previous one, either from the left edge to the right edge of the corridor and necessarily reach the starting point because it is a continuous thread.
  • Guide grooves are arranged on the periphery of the rollers and are turned along two distinct axes, symmetrically opposite and located on the diameter of the roller considered, each of these axes being alternately assigned to the even and odd grooves, so as to generate the conveyor wire a vertical oscillation, but of opposite phase, having regard to the two contiguous turns.
  • the turns in their lower part, cross in vertical projection and are located at different levels to form two distinct layers, so that the spacing in space of the lower part of two contiguous turns is more important than that of the turns of the upper layer crossed by the same vertical path to recover the calibrated products in a free space below all the layers of wire.
  • the sleeves are removable and interchangeable.
  • the wire arranged in turns according to the combination can be pre-assembled and maintained on a glued but detachable paper support, to be installed or replaced, for reasons of wear, by disassembly followed by reassembly of all the rollers and the front crossmember .
  • the apparatus comprises troughs with an inclined plane, below all the plies of wire, said troughs being able to move all along the side rails serving them as rails and to deflect the fall of the fruits, vegetables or other objects in predetermined receptacles for refine the various calibers.
  • the grader shown in Figure 1 is assembled on an uneven angle frame of "40/20" mm, composed of two horizontal beams 20 and 21, each supported by two feet respectively 22 and 23 on the left, 24 and 25 on the right, i.e. two half-frames connected symmetrically to each other by three cross-pieces in 20mm square tube, two welded 27 and 28 at the rear and a third removable 29 at the front, clamped between the two side members 20 and 21 by two nuts on threaded rod with axis n.
  • Two plates 30 and 31, of the same thickness as the wing of the angle iron, are welded respectively between the spar 20 and the foot 22, on the one hand, between the spar 21 and the foot 24, on the other hand. These two plates are drilled to receive the shaft which supports the roller of axis c .
  • a "40 / 20mm" plate is assembled by angle welding on the section of the side members.
  • the plates are each pierced with two holes of axis t allowing the passage of the screws 54 of tensioners, object of the reference 52 described below, page 7.
  • a hole in the shape of a buttonhole is drilled on the vertical wing of the angles of each of the two side members to receive the shaft of axis b , support of the front roller. This hole is positioned so as to support and guide the horizontal movement of the shaft of axis b along a parallel trajectory and equidistant from the outer edges of the above-mentioned wing.
  • the axis roller a is placed above the axis roller c at the entrance to the conveyor belt, on the same horizontal plane as the axis b .
  • the two rollers of axis a and c are on the vertical plane of section AA, Figure 2, described below.
  • the motor 32 here in the present model, is an electric motor with incorporated reduction gear which, taking into account the efficiency, absorbs a power of 50 W for a useful torque of 1.2 newton / m at 80 revolutions per minute. It is fixed to the spar 21 by a plate integral with the reducer by means of two M8 bolts on the axes h and i . On these same axes, the 8 mm holes are cylindrical on the plate integral with the reduction gear, while they are drilled in the form of a buttonhole on the vertical wing of the spar 21. This allows horizontal movement of the reduction motor, from where the transmission voltage setting.
  • This transmission consists of a roller chain 34, 8 mm, on two identical sprockets of 15 teeth, one 35 on the output shaft of the gearbox of axis m , the other 36 on the shaft d drive of the axle roller a.
  • the shafts of axis m and a are assembled by cylindrical penetration with sliding adjustment to their respective pinions.
  • M6 pressure screw with a needle point, screwed into tapped holes on the hub, identically, on the pinions of axis 35 and 36. Only the connection of the pinion 36 with the axis screw j is shown in section in FIG. 2.
  • the hopper 41 made of folded sheet metal of 1 mm is provided with a regulating flap 42 fixed on the lateral edges of this hopper by two ears, by means of two M5 bolts with indessible nuts and elastic washers on axis g .
  • the hopper 41 pivots on the axis f by two M5 bolts with indessible nuts and elastic washers connecting said hopper to the lateral edges 49 and 50 of the conveyor passage.
  • the tensioner which acts on the roller of axis b is produced by means of two mobile and identical bearings 53, detailed on the reference 52. They have the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped whose large faces are normally pierced at their center of symmetry by a hole in axis b ; they support, by sliding adjustment, the shaft with the same axis b , concentric with the aisle exit roller.
  • These bearings are drilled right through, between their two smallest faces, two tapped holes M6 passing outside the hole of axis b, each equidistant from this axis.
  • the axes t of these threaded holes M6 lie on a plane of symmetry perpendicular to the axis b .
  • the t- axis holes receive the screws 54, the heads of which bear on each of the plates welded to the front of the side members 20 and 21.
  • the operation of the screws 54 makes it possible to adjust the tension of the conveyor wire, by means of the front roller of axis b .
  • the chain 34 is protected by a two-part casing.
  • the inner part 37 is pierced with two holes to allow free passage to the hubs of the pinions 35 and 36.
  • the hole of the half-casing 37 is ovalized to allow the horizontal displacement of the motor, necessary for adjusting the transmission.
  • this half-casing 37 is fixed to the side member 21 by one of the screws 51, FIG. 2.
  • it is fixed by an M5 screw passing through a hole of axis r , circular on the half-casing 37, in the form of a buttonhole on the plate secured to the reduction motor 32; this M5 screw is screwed into a cylindrical spacer 39, drilled in its axis r , over its entire length, by a tapped hole M5.
  • the outer part of the casing 38 fits on the inner part 37, Figure 2; it is held by a screw M5 screwed, on axis r , at the other end of the spacer 39, which by its length fixes the spacing of the two half-casings.
  • roller of axis a driving element of the conveyor corridor; it is composed of a 12 mm shaft 55, linked to the roller by cylindrical penetration with sliding adjustment, by means of two metal rings 56 and 57 fitted with pressed adjustment in the metal tube "26/34 mm" 58.
  • the complete connection of the shaft 55 with the axis roller a is ensured by a screw 59 M6, hexagon socket, headless, with a needle point, screwed into a tapped hole of the ring 57; the connection with the pinion 36 has been examined above.
  • the axis shaft a is supported by two identical ball bearings "12/28/8 mm" 60 and 61, held by hard adjustment in two cylindrical housings 62 and 63, respectively welded on the side members 20 and 21.
  • the lateral freedom of the shaft 55 is maintained at its most reduced value by abutment of the pinion 36 on the inner ring of the bearing 61, on the one hand, by abutment of the outer circlip 64 on the inner cage of the bearing 60, somewhere else.
  • a 40 mm plastic tube 65, outside, is glued to the metal tube 58; at the periphery of this tube 65, the grooves with a semi-cylindrical profile are designed to receive the conveyor wire. In the model described, we can count seventeen grooves for a wire of 2 mm in diameter, spaced 12 mm from axis to axis.
  • the axis c roller is also shown in section "AA", figure 2; driven by the conveyor wire, it rotates on its 10 mm shaft 66 by means of two identical ball bearings 67, "10/30/9 mm", fitted, with press fit in the metal tube 68.
  • the shaft 66, of axis c is fitted into the two bearings 67 by sliding adjustment; it is itself supported by the plates 30 and 31, drilled on the axis c .
  • the shaft 66 is held between the two plates 30 and 31, by two circlips 70.
  • a plastic tube identical to the tube 65, fits the metal tube 68, without necessarily being glued to the latter.
  • rollers of axis a , b , c , d and e are centered in the frame, between two self-lubricating washers on axis a , ordinary on the other axes.
  • rollers of axis d , e and b are identical to the roller of axis c, except for the low-cut grooves on the plastic tubes.
  • the spacing of the grooves is different, to create the divergent movement of the conveyor wire, while maintaining its straightness between the rollers of axis a and b .
  • Figure 3 shows this construction detail by a life-size view, but truncated, of the plastic sheath of axis d.
  • the grooves are alternately turned on the x and y axes, for example, the grooves identified by even numbers on the x axis and odd numbers on the y axis.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show diagrammatically the position of the wire on all of the rollers where the two groups of turns appear in their lower part; the first group is shown in short dashed lines, on the intermediate ply 73; the second group is shown in long dashed lines on the lower ply 74; on the upper ply 72 where the upper part of the two groups of turns passes, the wire is shown in solid lines.
  • rollers are designated by the reference of their axis, ie roller a for the roller with axis a .
  • the arrows, overloaded on the lines, indicate the direction of movement of the wire, in normal operation of the device.
  • the wire returns again to the roller a, groove 3, but this time via the lower ply 74 and the roller c, groove 3.
  • the wire travels on the third row of grooves, ply 72, towards the roller b, throat 3, bypasses it and, by means of the ply 74, as well as the roller c, throat 1, arrives at its starting point, throat 1 of roller a.
  • the conveyor wire here used, is a wire wired in flexible plastic material, but not very extensible. It is looped by braiding or preferably by reconstitution of the cable with crossed strands and glued at their ends. With certain materials, the ends of the wire can be butted by hot welding.
  • the wire can be installed or replaced directly on the device.
  • Another method is to pre-assemble the coils and keep them glued to a detachable paper backing. The establishment of this preassembly requires the removal of the rollers and the cross member 29, which can be dismantled.
  • the range of sizes is mainly determined by the spacing of the grooves of each of the rollers with axis d, e and b. To change this range, it is very easy to replace the plastic sleeves, hence the spacing of the grooves. These sleeves are also not glued to their support.
  • Figure 6 shows one of the possible arrangements; these are 4 identical crates 79, suitably arranged to receive the olives which fall vertically in each of them and give rise to 4 predetermined sizes.
  • the number of gauges can, of course, be modified by another choice of the number and the size of the crates.
  • chutes 81 are provided which, by their adjustable position, point the fruit in other crates than those where they were normally intended.
  • the section "CC" of the reference 82 represents a half trunking 81 with one of its two supports 83, assembled at the inclination chosen by a bolt M6 on axis v.
  • the supports are fixed to the device by tightening the clamp 84, by means of the butterfly screw 85, on the horizontal wing of the angle iron of the side members 20 and 21.
  • the center of gravity of the device in Figure 1 is at the front of feet 22 and 24.
  • accessories 75 two identical parts, are assembled one on the two left feet 22 and 23, the other on the right feet 24 and 25, by means of M8 bolts, in the holes 77.
  • the accessory 76 assembled in the same way on the four feet requires fixing to the ground or to a table by means of screws in the holes 78.
  • the doubling of holes 77 on accessories 75 and 76 makes it possible to modify the height of the appliance.
  • This device is particularly intended for the calibration of table olives.

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  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Rollers For Roller Conveyors For Transfer (AREA)
EP89480069A 1988-04-29 1989-04-28 Mechanische Sortiervorrichtung mit einem in divergierenden Windungen angeordneten Förder- und Oszillierseil Withdrawn EP0340140A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8806081 1988-04-29
FR8806081A FR2630666B1 (fr) 1988-04-29 1988-04-29 Calibreuse mecanique a fil transporteur et oscillant, dispose en spires divergentes

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EP0340140A1 true EP0340140A1 (de) 1989-11-02

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EP89480069A Withdrawn EP0340140A1 (de) 1988-04-29 1989-04-28 Mechanische Sortiervorrichtung mit einem in divergierenden Windungen angeordneten Förder- und Oszillierseil

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EP (1) EP0340140A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2630666B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2151349A1 (es) * 1997-05-30 2000-12-16 Maquinas De Cerezas S L Maquina seleccionadora por calibres de pequeños frutos.
CN104028471A (zh) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-10 曼盛包装（上海）有限公司 一种塑料盖料杆与产品分拣装置
CN108580310A (zh) * 2018-04-26 2018-09-28 阜阳盛东智能制造技术研发有限公司 一种智能蔬菜分拣装置
CN112774995A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-11 李香珍 一种可快速出料的滚轮挑选机

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1534663A (en) * 1924-05-26 1925-04-21 Louis B Sammis Grader
FR652902A (fr) * 1927-05-17 1929-03-14 Perfectionnements aux machines à classer les fruits, légumes, etc.
US2526161A (en) * 1948-04-12 1950-10-17 Louis B Sammis Olive grading machine
FR1076299A (fr) * 1953-03-05 1954-10-25 Nervus Paris Calibreuse
US3002618A (en) * 1958-02-17 1961-10-03 Edward J Derderian Article sizing machine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1534663A (en) * 1924-05-26 1925-04-21 Louis B Sammis Grader
FR652902A (fr) * 1927-05-17 1929-03-14 Perfectionnements aux machines à classer les fruits, légumes, etc.
US2526161A (en) * 1948-04-12 1950-10-17 Louis B Sammis Olive grading machine
FR1076299A (fr) * 1953-03-05 1954-10-25 Nervus Paris Calibreuse
US3002618A (en) * 1958-02-17 1961-10-03 Edward J Derderian Article sizing machine

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2151349A1 (es) * 1997-05-30 2000-12-16 Maquinas De Cerezas S L Maquina seleccionadora por calibres de pequeños frutos.
CN104028471A (zh) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-10 曼盛包装（上海）有限公司 一种塑料盖料杆与产品分拣装置
CN108580310A (zh) * 2018-04-26 2018-09-28 阜阳盛东智能制造技术研发有限公司 一种智能蔬菜分拣装置
CN108580310B (zh) * 2018-04-26 2021-06-15 肇庆市菜管家农副产品配送有限公司 一种智能蔬菜分拣装置
CN112774995A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-11 李香珍 一种可快速出料的滚轮挑选机

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Publication number Publication date
FR2630666B1 (fr) 1991-11-15
FR2630666A1 (fr) 1989-11-03

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