EP0332470B1 - Control of the temperature distribution of a mould and of cast or moulded parts produced thereby - Google Patents
Control of the temperature distribution of a mould and of cast or moulded parts produced thereby Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0332470B1 EP0332470B1 EP89302414A EP89302414A EP0332470B1 EP 0332470 B1 EP0332470 B1 EP 0332470B1 EP 89302414 A EP89302414 A EP 89302414A EP 89302414 A EP89302414 A EP 89302414A EP 0332470 B1 EP0332470 B1 EP 0332470B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mould
- areas
- temperatures
- air
- heat carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/2218—Cooling or heating equipment for dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/32—Controlling equipment
Definitions
- This invention relates to a permanent mould, such as a die casting mould and/or an injection mould, and to a process for controlling the temperature distribution in such a mould and in the parts cast or moulded thereby when it is used repetitively.
- the life of a die, a permanent mould or a die casting mould and as well as the microstructure and the dimensional stability of a part cast or injected into it are dependent on the temperature distribution of the different points of the casting and mould.
- dies are metallic and their cooling is achieved by water or other fluids circulating through cooling tubes or circuits bored inside them.
- EP-A-0 286 977 expressly states that both the temperature detecting carriage and the sprayer carriage are preferably displaceable at a constant speed.
- the search of the hotter surface areas is done very quickly and the cooling of them may be effected with a slow motion of the blowing system or even with this system stopped and pointing to the hotter points during the time necessary to cool them.
- the present invention provides a process for controlling the temperature of a permanent mould, comprising scanning areas of the mould by means of at least one optical pyrometer in order to measure the temperatures of those areas, comparing the measured values of said temperatures with desired values, and directing heat carrier fluid streams at the said areas in order to reduce any difference between the measured and desired values, characterised in that the heat carrier fluid is air, the process steps being carried out immediately after the removal of the casting or moulding from the permanent mould.
- the present invention provides a process for cooling and/or controlling the temperature distribution of a permanent mould, e.g. a die casting mould, and of a cast or injected part, using optical pyrometry in combination with the localized blowing of air (adjustable flows and adjustable amounts) so that the process may be optimized.
- a permanent mould e.g. a die casting mould
- optical pyrometry in combination with the localized blowing of air (adjustable flows and adjustable amounts) so that the process may be optimized.
- an optical pyrometer or a plurality of optical pyrometers scan at convenient distances the different parts of a permanent mould immediately after the removal of the casting or moulding and measure the temperature of each area thereof and, if necessary, also the temperature of each point of the casting or moulding, e.g. a cluster of cast parts.
- the measurements of the optical pyrometer(s) are converted into one or more electrical signals which are fed to an information processing system that treats them according to a predetermined program.
- an information processing system that treats them according to a predetermined program.
- one or more blowing systems are operated so that a controlled flow rate or flow rates of one or more cooling or heating air jets are impinged in controlled amounts against the area or the areas, the temperatures of which are being read or have just been read by the pyrometer(s).
- the present invention provides a system which improves the life of a permanent die casting mould as it avoids its overheating or its excessively heterogeneous heating.
- this process adjusts the temperature of each area of the permanent die casting mould so that a subsequent casting or injection run may be made and undue heterogeneity, warpings and/or any other defects of the die, caused by its heating, and of the castings, caused by the solidification process, may be avoided.
- the process according to this invention can also be used whenever the produced castings or the injected parts have to be homogeneously cooled, for instance, when the direct austempering of cast iron after the casting is intended. The inventive process will control effectively the cooling of the cast parts.
- the process according to this invention can be used together with the classical systems of temperature control of permanent moulds, including those having channels for the circulation of cooling (or heating and cooling) fluids, in order to reduce deviations in relation to the previewed or desired local temperatures. But the process can also be used alone, replacing the traditional cooling systems.
- the process here disclosed also has the advantage that it can be used not only with metallic moulds, but also for the cooling of ceramic permanent moulds, and moulds made totally or partially of any porous and/or low heat conducting materials, eliminating the excess of heat by the side of the permanent moulds that is directly heated during the pouring or the injection casting, and preventing the absorption of water.
- the fluid used is air, including mixtures with lubricants, anti-adherents, thermal insulating materials, and so on.
- Such additives besides cooling the permanent moulds, may prepare them for the next pouring or injection casting operation, being deposited on the area against which the stream of fluid is directed.
- This process of temperature control can be used in the die casting of cast irons, in the die and injection casting of aluminium and other alloys, and in the injection moulding of polymers and of other materials.
- one or a plurality of optical pyrometers scan (at a certain distance) the surface of a die casting permanent mould, made of a metallic, ceramic composite, coated material, or any other, with or without cores, and, if necessary, scan also the cast or injected part and, depending on the temperatures read in each area, open or close more or less one or more valves of a blowing system, blowing one or more jets of air as a heat carrier, in controlled amounts, towards the areas that need to be cooled or heated, so that the temperatures become the desired ones, in order to improve the life of the permanent die casting moulds, including eventually cores, and in order also to guarantee good conditions for the subsequent casting or injection operation of the next piece in the same die, or in order also to reach the convenient temperatures in the die-cast or injection-moulded parts, for a subsequent heat treatment (aust
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Valve Housings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a permanent mould, such as a die casting mould and/or an injection mould, and to a process for controlling the temperature distribution in such a mould and in the parts cast or moulded thereby when it is used repetitively.
- The life of a die, a permanent mould or a die casting mould and as well as the microstructure and the dimensional stability of a part cast or injected into it are dependent on the temperature distribution of the different points of the casting and mould.
- Usually dies are metallic and their cooling is achieved by water or other fluids circulating through cooling tubes or circuits bored inside them.
- There are also known systems in which the cooling is controlled by optical (e.g. infrared) pyrometers and realised by external water jets. This is the case, for instance, in US-A-3 506 060, upon which the preamble of claim 1 is based, FR-A-2 085 409 and EP-A-0 286 977. In the method referred in the first two publications, cooling is done on the external side of rotative dies used for centrifugal casting. The third publication considers the direct cooling of the hotter side of the permanent mould, i.e., the side that has been in contact with the metal poured in it.
- The systems disclosed in those publications employ water as the cooling fluid. None has the flexibility necessary to search, very quickly, the hotter parts of a die or to search the hotter surfaces of a cast piece, whatever shape it has. EP-A-0 286 977 expressly states that both the temperature detecting carriage and the sprayer carriage are preferably displaceable at a constant speed.
- Differently, however, according to the process of the present invention, the search of the hotter surface areas is done very quickly and the cooling of them may be effected with a slow motion of the blowing system or even with this system stopped and pointing to the hotter points during the time necessary to cool them.
- The present invention provides a process for controlling the temperature of a permanent mould, comprising scanning areas of the mould by means of at least one optical pyrometer in order to measure the temperatures of those areas, comparing the measured values of said temperatures with desired values, and directing heat carrier fluid streams at the said areas in order to reduce any difference between the measured and desired values, characterised in that the heat carrier fluid is air, the process steps being carried out immediately after the removal of the casting or moulding from the permanent mould.
- The use of air has the advantage of avoiding the dispersing of water around the work station.
- The present invention provides a process for cooling and/or controlling the temperature distribution of a permanent mould, e.g. a die casting mould, and of a cast or injected part, using optical pyrometry in combination with the localized blowing of air (adjustable flows and adjustable amounts) so that the process may be optimized.
- According to the invention, an optical pyrometer or a plurality of optical pyrometers scan at convenient distances the different parts of a permanent mould immediately after the removal of the casting or moulding and measure the temperature of each area thereof and, if necessary, also the temperature of each point of the casting or moulding, e.g. a cluster of cast parts.
- The measurements of the optical pyrometer(s) are converted into one or more electrical signals which are fed to an information processing system that treats them according to a predetermined program. Depending on the temperature readings and according to said program, one or more blowing systems are operated so that a controlled flow rate or flow rates of one or more cooling or heating air jets are impinged in controlled amounts against the area or the areas, the temperatures of which are being read or have just been read by the pyrometer(s).
- In this way, the temperatures of said areas are controlled.
- The present invention provides a system which improves the life of a permanent die casting mould as it avoids its overheating or its excessively heterogeneous heating. On the other hand, this process adjusts the temperature of each area of the permanent die casting mould so that a subsequent casting or injection run may be made and undue heterogeneity, warpings and/or any other defects of the die, caused by its heating, and of the castings, caused by the solidification process, may be avoided. At least, the process according to this invention can also be used whenever the produced castings or the injected parts have to be homogeneously cooled, for instance, when the direct austempering of cast iron after the casting is intended. The inventive process will control effectively the cooling of the cast parts.
- The process according to this invention can be used together with the classical systems of temperature control of permanent moulds, including those having channels for the circulation of cooling (or heating and cooling) fluids, in order to reduce deviations in relation to the previewed or desired local temperatures. But the process can also be used alone, replacing the traditional cooling systems.
- It has the advantages of being simpler and of acting locally in dependence on the temperature and the real conditions existing at each point and at each time.
- The process here disclosed also has the advantage that it can be used not only with metallic moulds, but also for the cooling of ceramic permanent moulds, and moulds made totally or partially of any porous and/or low heat conducting materials, eliminating the excess of heat by the side of the permanent moulds that is directly heated during the pouring or the injection casting, and preventing the absorption of water.
- With this system, the opening of cooling channels in the interior of the permanent moulds is no longer necessary and the risk of cracking of the dies and of leakage of cooling liquids are avoided.
- It has still the advantage that it can be also used to cool, in a controlled way, the cast pieces, namely when they are poured in dies or made by injection casting.
- With the present process, it is possible to homogenize and control the temperature and the cooling of the parts, in order to avoid warping, guarantee predetermined structures, prepare the cast pieces for subsequent heat treatments, or even to accomplish the heat treatments by using an adequately strong cooling rate when the temperatures are convenient for this purpose.
- The fluid used is air, including mixtures with lubricants, anti-adherents, thermal insulating materials, and so on. Such additives, besides cooling the permanent moulds, may prepare them for the next pouring or injection casting operation, being deposited on the area against which the stream of fluid is directed.
- This process of temperature control can be used in the die casting of cast irons, in the die and injection casting of aluminium and other alloys, and in the injection moulding of polymers and of other materials.
- Although designed, in principle, to cool permanent moulds or to cool the pieces poured in dies or injected in permanent moulds, the same process can also be used to heat the permanent moulds (and, in some cases, even the pieces poured or injected in them) when the blowing fluids are conveniently heated.
- It is a process that is quite simple, can be automated, and has a very wide application.
- For controlling the temperatures of a permanent die casting mould and cast or injected parts, by optical pyrometry in combination with the local blowing of a fluid in dependence on the temperature measured in each area, one or a plurality of optical pyrometers scan (at a certain distance) the surface of a die casting permanent mould, made of a metallic, ceramic composite, coated material, or any other, with or without cores, and, if necessary, scan also the cast or injected part and, depending on the temperatures read in each area, open or close more or less one or more valves of a blowing system, blowing one or more jets of air as a heat carrier, in controlled amounts, towards the areas that need to be cooled or heated, so that the temperatures become the desired ones, in order to improve the life of the permanent die casting moulds, including eventually cores, and in order also to guarantee good conditions for the subsequent casting or injection operation of the next piece in the same die, or in order also to reach the convenient temperatures in the die-cast or injection-moulded parts, for a subsequent heat treatment (austempering or any other), in order to avoid warping, and also in order to achieve desired microstructures.
Claims (6)
- A process for controlling the temperature of a permanent mould, comprising scanning areas of the mould by means of at least one optical pyrometer in order to measure the temperatures of those areas, comparing the measured values of the said temperatures with desired values, and directing heat carrier fluid streams at the said areas in order to reduce any difference beween the measured and desired values, characterised in that the heat carrier fluid is air, the process steps being carried out immediately after the removal of the casting or moulding from the permanent mould.
- A process as claimed in claim 1, in which the heat carrier fluid contains an additive, e.g. a lubricant or anti-adherent, which is deposited on the area at which the stream is directed.
- A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising scanning areas of a cast or injection moulded part or cluster of parts by means of at least one optical pyrometer in order to measure the temperatures of those areas immediately after the removal from the mould, comparing the measured values of those temperatures with desired values, and directing heat carrier air streams at those areas in order to reduce any difference.
- A process as claimed in any preceding claim, in which temperature measurement by optical pyrometry is done in combination with air blowing and the flow rate of the air and the amount of air which is directed towards the said areas are controlled as a function of the local and actual temperatures measured and as a function of the mould temperature desired for the next pouring or injection.
- A process as claimed in any preceding claim, in which signals from the optical pyrometer(s) are fed to a processing system which controls one or more blowing systems for directing the heat carrier fluid streams at the said areas.
- A process as claimed in claim 5, in which the blowing systems comprise valves which are closed or opened more or less, as a function of the signals.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89302414T ATE96351T1 (en) | 1988-03-11 | 1989-03-10 | REGULATION OF THE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN A MOLD AND OF PARTS CAST IN IT. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PT86954 | 1988-03-11 | ||
PT86954A PT86954B (en) | 1988-03-11 | 1988-03-11 | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURES OF PERMANENT MOLDACOES AND OF PECES EMPTY OR INJECTED IN THE REFERENCE MOLDACOES OR COQUILHAS |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0332470A2 EP0332470A2 (en) | 1989-09-13 |
EP0332470A3 EP0332470A3 (en) | 1990-10-10 |
EP0332470B1 true EP0332470B1 (en) | 1993-10-27 |
Family
ID=20084188
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89302414A Expired - Lifetime EP0332470B1 (en) | 1988-03-11 | 1989-03-10 | Control of the temperature distribution of a mould and of cast or moulded parts produced thereby |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0332470B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE96351T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE68910156D1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT86954B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009106689A1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-03 | Outotec Oyj | Method and equipment for casting anodes |
DE202011003399U1 (en) | 2011-03-01 | 2012-06-04 | BEGO Bremer Goldschlägerei Wilh. Herbst GmbH & Co. KG | vacuum casting |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19810032A1 (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-09-16 | Acheson Ind Inc | Method and device for preparing the mold walls of a mold for primary shaping or shaping for the next molding cycle, spray element with centrifugal atomization and air guidance and use of such a spray element for spraying essentially solvent-free mold wall treatment agents |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3506060A (en) * | 1966-05-06 | 1970-04-14 | Robert S L Andrews | Method for continuous centrifugal casting of tubular metal articles |
FR2085409B1 (en) * | 1970-04-17 | 1973-08-10 | Pont A Mousson | |
JPS57171565A (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1982-10-22 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Cooling method for die |
IT1208277B (en) * | 1987-04-15 | 1989-06-12 | Italimpianti | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THE COOLING CONTROL OF THE SHAPES USED FOR THE PRESSURE CONTROLLED DEIMETAL CASTING |
-
1988
- 1988-03-11 PT PT86954A patent/PT86954B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1989
- 1989-03-10 DE DE89302414T patent/DE68910156D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-10 EP EP89302414A patent/EP0332470B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-10 AT AT89302414T patent/ATE96351T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009106689A1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-03 | Outotec Oyj | Method and equipment for casting anodes |
DE202011003399U1 (en) | 2011-03-01 | 2012-06-04 | BEGO Bremer Goldschlägerei Wilh. Herbst GmbH & Co. KG | vacuum casting |
DE102012202808A1 (en) | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-06 | BEGO Bremer Goldschlägerei Wilh. Herbst GmbH & Co. KG | Vacuum casting apparatus has muffle temperature sensor that detects temperature of muffle inserted into muffle receiving unit, and electronic controller to control parameter of vacuum casting operation based on muffle temperature signal |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE68910156D1 (en) | 1993-12-02 |
EP0332470A2 (en) | 1989-09-13 |
EP0332470A3 (en) | 1990-10-10 |
PT86954B (en) | 1994-07-29 |
ATE96351T1 (en) | 1993-11-15 |
PT86954A (en) | 1990-03-30 |
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