EP0331856A1 - Foldable crane with rapid and automatic deployment - Google Patents

Foldable crane with rapid and automatic deployment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0331856A1
EP0331856A1 EP88420074A EP88420074A EP0331856A1 EP 0331856 A1 EP0331856 A1 EP 0331856A1 EP 88420074 A EP88420074 A EP 88420074A EP 88420074 A EP88420074 A EP 88420074A EP 0331856 A1 EP0331856 A1 EP 0331856A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mast
foot
boom
arrowhead
articulated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88420074A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0331856B1 (en
Inventor
Roger Commeau
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Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Original Assignee
Potain SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Potain SA filed Critical Potain SA
Priority to DE8888420074T priority Critical patent/DE3865835D1/en
Priority to ES198888420074T priority patent/ES2027030T3/en
Priority to EP88420074A priority patent/EP0331856B1/en
Priority to AT88420074T priority patent/ATE68772T1/en
Publication of EP0331856A1 publication Critical patent/EP0331856A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0331856B1 publication Critical patent/EP0331856B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/54—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with pneumatic or hydraulic motors, e.g. for actuating jib-cranes on tractors
    • B66C23/545—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with pneumatic or hydraulic motors, e.g. for actuating jib-cranes on tractors with arrangements for avoiding dead centre problems during cylinder motion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transportable crane whose folding and deployment can be carried out quickly in a fully automatic manner. It relates more particularly, although not exclusively, to a crane whose boom, itself collapsible, has in the deployed position, a relatively large overall length.
  • the problem of the folding crane is twofold.
  • the overall dimensions of the crane should be compatible with the size limits fixed by the Highway Code, which allows rapid transport in ordinary road traffic.
  • the crane once deployed in the working position on the site, the crane must have a mast as high as possible and a boom with maximum reach.
  • the folding and deployment operations must be as simple as possible and take place quickly.
  • a first approached solution to this problem is known, for example from French patent 2,548,646.
  • This known system provides for a mast in two parts (mast foot and mast head) on which is articulated an arrow, also in two parts (arrowhead and arrowhead).
  • a single cylinder allows the deployment and folding of the assembly to be controlled, thanks to an articulated rear link and a rear cable extended by a stay cable.
  • the circulation of this rear cable is guided by a system of pulleys and articulated punches which are located in the area where the jib foot is articulated on the top of the mast head.
  • This known device however has the drawback of considerably limiting the maximum length that can be used for the element forming the arrowhead. Indeed, during the deployment maneuver, the arrowhead moves away from the arrowhead against the underside of which it was folded, and this as the arrowhead in turn lifts up. above the masthead on the top of which it is articulated. Thus, from the start of the deployment operation, the end of the arrowhead moves along the masthead, in the immediate vicinity thereof that it sweeps in the longitudinal direction.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid these drawbacks by producing a folding crane of the aforementioned type, the element of which forms the arrowhead has a useful length substantially equal to that of the element which forms the boom foot.
  • the invention aims to produce such a foldable crane whose deployment is carried out fully automatically in a very short time and with a small footprint.
  • a folding crane comprises a lifting mast on the top of which is articulated a jib foot, the end of which carries the articulation axis of an arrow point, while a cable system makes it possible to control the deployment of the boom and mast, and it is characterized in that, moreover, there is provided between the arrowhead and the mast, a cable of constant length, fitted between two sets of pulleys whose variable spacing is positively controlled by means successively causing its increase then its decrease throughout the deployment maneuver or the folding maneuver, which has the effect of delaying the speed of opening of the angle of the jib foot / arrowhead at the start of deployment of the crane, whereas on the contrary, at the end of deployment, when the jib foot has already moved away from the mast, the speed of unfolding of the jib tip until it is aligned with the jib foot, is increased.
  • the first set of pulleys for hauling is located at the rear of the articulation of the jib foot on the top of the mast.
  • the second set of pulleys of hauling is arranged transversely to slide in a substantially longitudinal slide, integral with the head of the mast.
  • the means for controlling the sliding of the second train of pulleys in the slide comprise, on the one hand a pusher articulated on the transverse axis of the second train of pulleys to which it is perpendicular, while its other end is articulated on the head of a connecting rod whose head is on the other hand integral the arrow foot with which it pivots on the top of the mast, so that there is materialized a mechanism with three axes of articulation parallel to each other, this mechanism deforming on either side of a neutral position for which the three axes are aligned, namely: - the axis by which the pusher is articulated on the second set of pulleys of hauling; - the axis by which the connecting rod head is articulated on the pusher; - the axis by which the connecting rod foot and the boom foot are articulated on the top of the mast.
  • the mast and the boom rise in a small footprint.
  • the variable reeving device controlled by the articulation of the boom foot, makes it possible during the first phase of lifting the boom, to prevent the opening of the point by cable compensation.
  • this allows the opening of the arrowhead on the boom foot when the angle of the mast and the boom foot reaches then exceeds a value of about 45 degrees. Therefore, the unfolding is carried out quickly without the arrowhead coming up against the mast.
  • This compensation and variability hauling system makes it possible to automate the unfolding, and above all to fold a maximum length for transport in a minimum road gauge.
  • the crane illustrated in the drawings comprises a base 1, on which is articulated, at 2, a mast foot element 3.
  • the top of the latter carries, at the rear, an axis 4, on which the base of a mast head element 5 is articulated.
  • the top of the latter carries an axis 6, on which a rigid bridge 7 is articulated, integral with the rear end 8 of a jib foot element 9.
  • the jib foot 10 carries a lower link 11, where the rear of an arrowhead element 12 is articulated.
  • a constant length cable 13 is provided between the arrowhead 12 and the mast 3, 5 which it connects. This cable 13 is mouflaged between two pulley trains 14 and 15, the spacing 16 ( Figure 6) is variable.
  • the first set of pulleys 14 has its axis 17 located behind the articulation 6. It is carried by the rigid bridge 7 which rocks around the axis 6.
  • the second train of pulleys 15 has its axis 18 which is arranged transversely in a substantially longitudinal slide 19, integral with the mast head 5.
  • a pusher 20 On the transverse axis 18, is articulated one end of a pusher 20 which is perpendicular thereto.
  • the other end of the pusher 20 is articulated at 21 on the head of a connecting rod 22, the foot of which pivots about 1 ′ axis 6, at the same time as the bridge 7, of which this connecting rod 22 is rigidly secured.
  • the cable 13 passes over a pulley 23, carried by the rear 8 of the jib foot 9, then over a pulley 24, carried by the lower chord of the jib foot 9 before the axis 11, to finally anchor at 25, on the arrowhead 12.
  • this device makes it possible to give the jib tip element 12, a length 37 which may be greater than 85% of the length 38 of the jib foot 9.
  • the opening of the angle 39 between the jib foot 9 and the jib tip 12 is delayed at the start of deployment of the crane ( Figures 3 and 4), on the contrary to be accelerated at the end ( Figures 7 and 8).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a crane which can be raised quickly and automatically. The cable (13), anchored on the boom tip (12), is reeved between two trains of pulleys (14) and (15). The train (14) is integrally connected to the foot (9) of the boom. The spindle of the train (15) slides in a slide channel (19) in the mast, under the action of a pusher (20). The angle (39) opens slowly at the beginning of the raising and quickly at the end of the raising. Application: possibility of a very long boom tip (12). <IMAGE>

Description

La prèsente invention est relative à une grue transporta­ble dont le repliage et le déploiement peuvent s'effectuer rapide­ment d'une façon entièrement automatique. Elle concerne plus parti­culièrement, quoique non exclusivement, une grue dont la flèche, elle-même repliable, possède en position déployée, une longueur tota­le relativement importante.The present invention relates to a transportable crane whose folding and deployment can be carried out quickly in a fully automatic manner. It relates more particularly, although not exclusively, to a crane whose boom, itself collapsible, has in the deployed position, a relatively large overall length.

On sait que le problème de la grue repliable est double. D'une part, il convient qu'en position repliée , l'encombrement hors tout de la grue soit compatible avec les limitations de gabarit fi­xées par le Code de la Route, ce qui permet un transport rapide dans le trafic routier ordinaire. D'autre part, une fois déployée en po­sition de travail sur le chantier, la grue doit comporter un mât aussi haut que possible et une flèche de portée maxima. Bien entendu, pour passer d'une position à l'autre, les opérations de repliage et de déploiement doivent être aussi simples que possible et se dérou­ler rapidement.We know that the problem of the folding crane is twofold. On the one hand, in the folded position, the overall dimensions of the crane should be compatible with the size limits fixed by the Highway Code, which allows rapid transport in ordinary road traffic. On the other hand, once deployed in the working position on the site, the crane must have a mast as high as possible and a boom with maximum reach. Of course, to move from one position to another, the folding and deployment operations must be as simple as possible and take place quickly.

On connaît une première solution approchée à ce problème, par exemple par le brevet français 2.548.646. Ce système connu pré­voit un mât en deux parties (pied de mât et tête de mât) sur lequel est articulée une flèche, également en deux parties (pointe de flè­che et pied de flèche). Un vérin unique permet de commander le dé­ploiement et le repliage de l'ensemble, grâce à une biellette arriè­re articulée et à un câble arrière prolongé par un hauban. La circu­lation de ce câble arrière est guidée par un système de poulies et de poinçons articulés qui se trouvent dans la zone ou le pied de flè­che s'articule sur le sommet de la tête du mât.A first approached solution to this problem is known, for example from French patent 2,548,646. This known system provides for a mast in two parts (mast foot and mast head) on which is articulated an arrow, also in two parts (arrowhead and arrowhead). A single cylinder allows the deployment and folding of the assembly to be controlled, thanks to an articulated rear link and a rear cable extended by a stay cable. The circulation of this rear cable is guided by a system of pulleys and articulated punches which are located in the area where the jib foot is articulated on the top of the mast head.

On sait qu'un tel dispositif permet de replier les uns sur les autres les deux éléments du mât et les deux éléments de la flè­che, pour finalement les placer tous à l'horizontale en position de transport.It is known that such a device allows the two elements of the mast and the two elements of the boom to be folded over one another, in order to finally place them all horizontally in the transport position.

Ce dispositif connu présente toutefois l'inconvénient de limiter considérablement la longueur maxima utilisable pour l'élément formant la pointe de flèche. En effet, au cours de la manoeuvre de déploiement, la pointe de flèche s'écarte du pied de flèche contre la face inférieure duquel elle était repliée, et ceci au fur et à mesu­re que le pied de flèche se soulève à son tour au-dessus de la tête de mât sur le sommet de laquelle il est articulé. Ainsi, dès le début de l'opération de déploiement, l'extrémité de la pointe de flèche se déplace le long de la tête de mât, à proximité immédiate de celle-ci qu'elle balaye dans le sens longitudinal. Il est bien entendu exclu que l'extrémité de la pointe de flèche vienne à quelque moment que ce soit buter contre la face longitudinale en question de la tête de mât : cette obligation impose au constructeur de la grue de ne confé­rer à l'élément formant la pointe de flèche qu'une longueur très fai­ble, par exemple du même ordre de grandeur que la moitié de la lon­gueur du pied de flèche. Cela limite considérablement la longueur to­tale utilisable sur la flèche déployée.This known device however has the drawback of considerably limiting the maximum length that can be used for the element forming the arrowhead. Indeed, during the deployment maneuver, the arrowhead moves away from the arrowhead against the underside of which it was folded, and this as the arrowhead in turn lifts up. above the masthead on the top of which it is articulated. Thus, from the start of the deployment operation, the end of the arrowhead moves along the masthead, in the immediate vicinity thereof that it sweeps in the longitudinal direction. It is of course excluded that the end of the arrowhead comes at any time whatsoever to abut against the longitudinal face in question of the mast head: this obligation imposes on the crane manufacturer to confer on the forming element the arrowhead only a very short length, for example of the same order of magnitude as half the length of the arrowhead. This considerably limits the total length usable on the deployed boom.

La présente invention a pour but d'éviter ces inconvénients en réalisant une grue repliable du type précité dont l'élément for­mant la pointe de flèche ait une longueur utile sensiblement égale à celle de l'élément qui forme le pied de flèche.The object of the present invention is to avoid these drawbacks by producing a folding crane of the aforementioned type, the element of which forms the arrowhead has a useful length substantially equal to that of the element which forms the boom foot.

Par ailleurs, l'invention vise à réaliser une telle grue repliable dont le déploiement s'effectue de façon entièrement auto­matique en un temps très court et avec un encombrement réduit.Furthermore, the invention aims to produce such a foldable crane whose deployment is carried out fully automatically in a very short time and with a small footprint.

Une grue repliable selon l'invention comprend un mât rele­vable sur le sommet duquel est articulé un pied de flèche dont l'ex­trémité porte l'axe d'articulation d'une pointe de flèche, tandis qu'un système à câble permet de commander le déploiement de la flè­che et du mât, et elle est caractérisée en ce que par ailleurs est prévu entre la pointe de flèche et le mât, un câble de longueur constante, mouflé entre deux trains de poulies dont l'écartement va­riable est commandé positivement par des moyens provoquant successi­vement son augmentation puis sa diminution tout au long de la manoeu­vre de déploiement ou de la manoeuvre de repliage, ce qui a pour ef­fet de retarder la vitesse d'ouverture de l'angle pied de flèche / pointe de flèche en début de déploiement de la grue, alors qu'au con­traire,en fin de déploiement, quand le pied de flèche s'est déjà éloigné du mât, la vitesse de dépliage de la pointe de flèche jusqu `à son alignement avec le pied de flèche, se trouve augmentée.A folding crane according to the invention comprises a lifting mast on the top of which is articulated a jib foot, the end of which carries the articulation axis of an arrow point, while a cable system makes it possible to control the deployment of the boom and mast, and it is characterized in that, moreover, there is provided between the arrowhead and the mast, a cable of constant length, fitted between two sets of pulleys whose variable spacing is positively controlled by means successively causing its increase then its decrease throughout the deployment maneuver or the folding maneuver, which has the effect of delaying the speed of opening of the angle of the jib foot / arrowhead at the start of deployment of the crane, whereas on the contrary, at the end of deployment, when the jib foot has already moved away from the mast, the speed of unfolding of the jib tip until it is aligned with the jib foot, is increased.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le pre­mier train de poulies du mouflage est situé à l'arrière de l'articu­lation du pied de flèche sur le sommet du mât.According to another characteristic of the invention, the first set of pulleys for hauling is located at the rear of the articulation of the jib foot on the top of the mast.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le second train de poulies du mouflage est disposé transversalement pour cou­lisser dans une glissière sensiblement longitudinale, solidaire de la tête du mât.According to another characteristic of the invention, the second set of pulleys of hauling is arranged transversely to slide in a substantially longitudinal slide, integral with the head of the mast.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les moyens pour commander le coulissement du second train de poulies dans la glissière comprennent, d'une part un poussoir articulé sur l'axe transversal du second train de poulies auquel il est perpendi­culaire, tandis que son autre extrémité est articulée sur la tête d'une bielle dont la tête est d'autre part solidaire du pied de flè­che avec lequel elle pivote sur le sommet du mât, si bien que se trouve matérialisé un mécanisme à trois axes d'articulation parallè­les entre eux, ce mécanisme se déformant de part et d'autre d'une po­sition de point mort pour laquelle les trois axes sont alignés, à ­savoir :
- l'axe par lequel le poussoir s'articule sur le second train de pou­lies du mouflage ;
- l'axe par lequel la tête de bielle est articulée sur le poussoir ;
- l'axe par lequel le pied de bielle et le pied de flèche sont arti­culés sur le sommet du mât.According to another characteristic of the invention, the means for controlling the sliding of the second train of pulleys in the slide comprise, on the one hand a pusher articulated on the transverse axis of the second train of pulleys to which it is perpendicular, while its other end is articulated on the head of a connecting rod whose head is on the other hand integral the arrow foot with which it pivots on the top of the mast, so that there is materialized a mechanism with three axes of articulation parallel to each other, this mechanism deforming on either side of a neutral position for which the three axes are aligned, namely:
- the axis by which the pusher is articulated on the second set of pulleys of hauling;
- the axis by which the connecting rod head is articulated on the pusher;
- the axis by which the connecting rod foot and the boom foot are articulated on the top of the mast.

Grâce à cette disposition, on constate que, pendant la pre­mière phase de relevage, le mât et la flèche s'élèvent dans un encom­brement réduit. Le dispositif de mouflage variable, commandé par l'ar­ticulation du pied de flèche, permet lors de la première phase de sou­lèvement de la flèche, d'empêcher l'ouverture de la pointe par com­pensation de câble. Par contre, cela autorise l'ouverture de la pointe de flèche sur le pied de flèche lorsque l'angle du mât et du pied de flèche atteint puis dépasse une valeur de l'ordre de 45 de­grés. Dès lors, le dépliage s'effectue rapidement sans que la pointe de flèche ne vienne buter dans le mât. Ce système de mouflage à com­pensation et variabilité , permet d'automatiser le dépliage, et sur­tout de replier une longueur maxima pour le transport dans un gabarit routier minimum.Thanks to this arrangement, it can be seen that, during the first lifting phase, the mast and the boom rise in a small footprint. The variable reeving device, controlled by the articulation of the boom foot, makes it possible during the first phase of lifting the boom, to prevent the opening of the point by cable compensation. By cons, this allows the opening of the arrowhead on the boom foot when the angle of the mast and the boom foot reaches then exceeds a value of about 45 degrees. Therefore, the unfolding is carried out quickly without the arrowhead coming up against the mast. This compensation and variability hauling system makes it possible to automate the unfolding, and above all to fold a maximum length for transport in a minimum road gauge.

Le dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, permettra de mieux comprendre les caractéristiques de l'invention et les avantages qu'elle est susceptible de procurer.

  • Figure 1 est un schéma montrant en perspective une grue selon l'invention lorsqu' elle est repliée en position de transport.
  • Figure 2 montre à plus grande échelle le détail du moufla­ge arrière pour le câble de compensation.
  • Figures3 , 5, 7, 9 illustrent les phases successives de l'opération de déploiement automatique de la grue.
  • Figures 4, 6, 8, 10 correspondent respectivement aux figu­res précitées pour montrer à plus grande échelle le détail des posi­tions successives occupées par les deux trains de poulies du moufla­ ge compensateur.
The appended drawing, given by way of nonlimiting example, will allow a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention and the advantages which it is likely to provide.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram showing in perspective a crane according to the invention when it is folded in the transport position.
  • Figure 2 shows on a larger scale the detail of the rear haul for the compensation cable.
  • Figures 3, 5, 7, 9 illustrate the successive phases of the automatic crane deployment operation.
  • Figures 4, 6, 8, 10 correspond respectively to the above figures to show on a larger scale the detail of the successive positions occupied by the two pulley trains of the moufla compensating age.

La grue illustrée sur les dessins compor­te une embase 1 , sur laquelle est articulé , en 2 , un élé­ment de pied de mât 3 . Le sommet de celui-ci porte , à l'ar­rière , un axe 4 , sur lequel est articulée la base d'un élément de tête de mât 5 . Le sommet de celui-ci porte un axe 6 , sur lequel est articulé un chevalet rigide 7 , soli­daire de l'extrémité arrière 8 d'un élément de pied de flè­che 9 . A l'avant , le pied de flèche 10 porte una xe infé­rieur 11 , où s'articule l'arrière d'un élément de pointe de flèche 12.The crane illustrated in the drawings comprises a base 1, on which is articulated, at 2, a mast foot element 3. The top of the latter carries, at the rear, an axis 4, on which the base of a mast head element 5 is articulated. The top of the latter carries an axis 6, on which a rigid bridge 7 is articulated, integral with the rear end 8 of a jib foot element 9. At the front, the jib foot 10 carries a lower link 11, where the rear of an arrowhead element 12 is articulated.

Un câble de longueur constante 13 est prévu entre la pointe de flèche 12 et le mât 3 , 5 qu'il relie . Ce câble 13 est mouflé entre deux trains de poulies 14 et 15 , dont l'écartement 16 ( figure 6) est variable.A constant length cable 13 is provided between the arrowhead 12 and the mast 3, 5 which it connects. This cable 13 is mouflaged between two pulley trains 14 and 15, the spacing 16 (Figure 6) is variable.

Le premier train de poulies 14 a son axe 17 situé à l'arrière de l'articulation 6 . Il est porté par le chevalet rigide 7 qui bascule autour de l'axe 6 .The first set of pulleys 14 has its axis 17 located behind the articulation 6. It is carried by the rigid bridge 7 which rocks around the axis 6.

Le second train de poulies 15 a son axe 18 qui est disposé transversalement dans une glissière sensiblement longitudinale 19 , solidaire de la tête de mât 5.The second train of pulleys 15 has its axis 18 which is arranged transversely in a substantially longitudinal slide 19, integral with the mast head 5.

Sur l'axe transversal 18 , est articulée une extrémité d'un poussoir 20 qui lui est perpendiculaire. L'autre extrémité du poussoir 20 est articulée en 21 sur la tête d'une bielle 22 , dont le pied pivote autour de 1′ axe 6 , en même temps que le chevalet 7 , dont cette bielle 22 est rigidement solidaire.On the transverse axis 18, is articulated one end of a pusher 20 which is perpendicular thereto. The other end of the pusher 20 is articulated at 21 on the head of a connecting rod 22, the foot of which pivots about 1 ′ axis 6, at the same time as the bridge 7, of which this connecting rod 22 is rigidly secured.

Ainsi , se trouve matérialisé un méca­nisme à trois axes d'articulation parallèles entre eux 6 , 21 et 18 ( figures 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 ) .Thus, there is materialized a mechanism with three axes of articulation parallel to each other 6, 21 and 18 (Figures 4, 6, 8, 10).

Au-delà du train de mouflage 14 , le câ­ble 13 passe sur une poulie 23 , portée par l'arrière 8 du pied de flèche 9 , puis sur une poulie 24 , portée par la membrure inférieure du pied de flèche 9 avant l'axe 11 , pour finalement s'ancrer en 25 , sur la pointe de flèche 12.Beyond the hauling train 14, the cable 13 passes over a pulley 23, carried by the rear 8 of the jib foot 9, then over a pulley 24, carried by the lower chord of the jib foot 9 before the axis 11, to finally anchor at 25, on the arrowhead 12.

Un système en lui-même connu , par exemple par le brevet français 2 548 646 , complète l'en­semble de relevage par :
- un câble de longueur constante 26 , pour relier 1′ embase 1 à un point 27 de la pointe de flèche 12 , après passage sur un premier poinçon 28 au sommet du mât , et sur un second poinçon 29 à l'articula­tion 11 de la flèche 9 , 12 ;
- un hauban 30 qui relie le poinçon 28 à l'élément de pied de flèche 9 .A system in itself known, for example from French patent 2,548,646, completes the lifting assembly by:
- a cable of constant length 26, to connect 1 ′ base 1 to a point 27 of the arrowhead 12, after passing over a first punch 28 at the top of the mast, and over a second punch 29 at the joint 11 of the arrow 9, 12;
- a guy wire 30 which connects the punch 28 to the jib foot element 9.

Le fonctionnement est le suivant :The operation is as follows:

A partir de la position repliée hori­zontale de la figure 1 , on commence à relever le mât 3 , 5 , par exemple à l'aide d'un vérin 31 ( figures 3 et 4) . L'axe 21 se trouve très en arrière de la ligne définie par les axes 6 et 18 . L'axe 18 avance donc relativement vite le long de la glissière 19 ( flèche 32 , figure 4) sous 1′ action du poussoir 20 . Le mouflage 14 , 15 , " avale " rapidement une longueur du câble 13 , et on constate que la pointe de flèche 12 reste contre le pied de flèche 13 avec lequel elle évolue.From the horizontal folded position in Figure 1, we begin to raise the mast 3, 5, for example using a cylinder 31 (Figures 3 and 4). Axis 21 is very far behind the line defined by axes 6 and 18. The axis 18 therefore advances relatively quickly along the slide 19 (arrow 32, FIG. 4) under the action of the pusher 20. The hauling 14, 15, quickly "swallows" a length of the cable 13, and it can be seen that the arrowhead 12 remains against the arrowhead 13 with which it moves.

Les constituants arrivent alors à la position de point mort ( figures 5 et 6) , où les axes 6 , 21 et 15 sont alignés . Au voisinage de cette position, le longueur 16 du mouflage varie peu quand le mâte 3 , 5 poursuit son mouvement de relevage . L'angle 33 du pied de flèche 9 avec la tête de mât 5 augmente alors rapidement , et dépasse 45 degrés . La pointe de flèche 12 se sépare du pied de flèche 9 . Mais celui-ci s'étant déjà suffisam­ment écarté de la tête de mât 5 , la pointe de flèche 12 ne risque plus de venir heurter la tête de mât 5 .The components then arrive at the neutral position (Figures 5 and 6), where the axes 6, 21 and 15 are aligned. In the vicinity of this position, the length 16 of the hauling varies little when the mast 3, 5 continues its lifting movement. The angle 33 of the jib foot 9 with the mast head 5 then increases rapidly, and exceeds 45 degrees. The arrowhead 12 separates from the arrowhead 9. However, the latter having already moved away enough from the mast head 5, the arrowhead 12 no longer runs the risk of striking the mast head 5.

Pendant la suite du relevage du mât 3 , 5 , ( figures 7 et 8) , le point mort est dépassé , car l'axe 21 se trouve au-delà de la ligne théorique 34 définie par les axes 6 et 18 . L'axe 18 revient donc en sens inver­se ( flèche 35) le long de la glissière 19 , ce qui fait dé­croître la longueur 16 du mouflage 14 , 15 . Ce dernier libère donc rapidement des longueurs de câble 13 , si bien que la pointe de flèche 12 se relève très rapidement jusqu'­à l'horizontale lorsqu'augmente l'angle de relevage 36 du pied de flèche 9 ( figures 9 et 10).During the continuation of the lifting of the mast 3, 5, (FIGS. 7 and 8), the neutral point is exceeded, because the axis 21 is beyond the theoretical line 34 defined by the axes 6 and 18. The axis 18 therefore returns in the opposite direction (arrow 35) along the slide 19, which decreases the length 16 of the haul 14, 15. The latter therefore quickly releases lengths of cable 13, so that the jib tip 12 is raised very quickly to the horizontal when the lifting angle 36 of the jib foot 9 increases (Figures 9 and 10).

Le repliage s effectue en sens inverse pour revenir à la position de la figure 1.Folding is carried out in reverse to return to the position of figure 1.

On voit que ce dispositif permet de conférer à l'élément de pointe de flèche 12 , une longueur 37 pouvant être supérieure à 85% de la longueur 38 du pied de flèche 9 . L'ouverture de l'angle 39 entre pied de flè­che 9 et pointe de flèche 12 se trouve retardée en dé­but de déploiement de la grue ( figures 3 et 4) , pour être au contraire accélérée à la fin ( figures 7 et 8).It can be seen that this device makes it possible to give the jib tip element 12, a length 37 which may be greater than 85% of the length 38 of the jib foot 9. The opening of the angle 39 between the jib foot 9 and the jib tip 12 is delayed at the start of deployment of the crane (Figures 3 and 4), on the contrary to be accelerated at the end (Figures 7 and 8).

Claims (7)

1 - Grue repliable comprenant un mât relevable (3), ( 5) sur le sommet duquel est articulé en ( 6 ) un pied de flèche ( 9 ) dont l'extrémité porte l'axe d'articulation (11) d'une pointe de flè­che (12 ), tandis qu' un système à câble (26) permet de commander le déploiement de la flèche ( 9 ), (12) et du mât ( 3 ), ( 5), caractéri­sée en ce que par ailleurs est prévu entre la pointe de flèche (12) et le mât (3 ), ( 3) ,un câble de longueur constante (13) mouflé en­tre deux trains de poulies (14), (15) dont l'écartement variable (16) est commandé positivement par des moyens provoquant successive­ment son augmentation puis sa diminution tout au long de la manoeuvre de déploiement ou de la manoeuvre de repliage, ce qui a pour effet de retarder la vitesse d'ouverture de l'angle ( 39) pied de flèche (9) / pointe de flèche (12) en début de déploiement de la grue, alors qu'au contraire, en fin de déploiement, quand le pied de flè­che ( 9) s'est déjà éloigné de la tête ( 5) du mât, la vitesse de depliage de la pointe de flèche (12) jusqu'à son alignement avec le pied de flèche ( 9) se trouve augmentée.1 - Foldable crane comprising a lifting mast (3), (5) on the top of which is articulated in (6) a jib foot (9) whose end carries the articulation axis (11) of a point boom (12), while a cable system (26) allows the boom (9), (12) and the mast (3), (5) to be deployed, characterized in that furthermore provision is made between the arrowhead (12) and the mast (3), (3), a constant length cable (13) mouflaged between two sets of pulleys (14), (15) whose variable spacing (16) is controlled positively by means successively increasing it then decreasing it throughout the deployment maneuver or the folding maneuver, which has the effect of delaying the opening speed of the angle (39) boom foot (9 ) / arrowhead (12) at the start of deployment of the crane, whereas on the contrary, at the end of deployment, when the boom foot (9) has already moved away from the head (5) of the mast, the speed d e unfolding of the arrowhead (12) until it is aligned with the arrowhead (9) is increased. 2 - Grue repliable suivant la revendication 1,caractéri­sée en ce que le premier train de poulies (14) du mouflage est situé à l'arrière de l'articulation ( 6) du pied de flèche (9 ) sur le som­met du mât (5).2 - foldable crane according to claim 1, characterized in that the first pulley train (14) of the hauling system is located at the rear of the articulation (6) of the jib foot (9) on the top of the mast (5 ). 3 - Grue repliable suivant les revendications 1 et 2, ca­ractérisée en ce que le second train de poulies (15) du mouflage est disposé transversalement pour coulisser dans une glissière (19) sen­siblement longitudinale, solidaire de la tête de mât (5 ).3 - Foldable crane according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the second pulley train (15) of hauling is arranged transversely to slide in a slide (19) substantially longitudinal, integral with the mast head (5). 4 - Grue repliable suivant la revendication 3, caracterisée en ce que les moyens pour commander le coulissement du second train de poulies (15 ) dans la glissière ( 19) comprennent, d' une part un poussoir (20) articulé sur l'axe transversal (18) du second train de poulies (15) auquel il est perpendiculaire, tandis que son autre ex­trémité       est articulée sur la tête (21 ) d' une bielle (22) dont le pied       est d' autre part solidaire du pied de flèche ( 9 ) avec lequel il pivote sur l' axe ( 6 ) du sommet du mat, si bien que se trouve materialise un mécanisme à trois axes d'articulation ( 6 ), (21), (18 ) parallèles entre eux, ce mécanisme se déformant de part et d'autre d'une position de point mort pour laquelle les trois axes ( 6 ), (21), (18 ) sont alignes, à savoir :
- l'axe (18) par lequel le poussoir (20 ) s'articule sur le second train de poulies (15) du mouflage ;
-l'axe (21) par lequel la tête de la bielle (22 ) est articulé sur le poussoir ( 20) ;
- l'axe ( 6) par lequel le pied de bielle et le pied de flèche ( 9 ) sont articulés sur le sommet du mât. (5) , (3).4 - collapsible crane according to claim 3, characterized in that the means for controlling the sliding of the second train of pulleys (15) in the slide (19) comprise, on the one hand a pusher (20) articulated on the transverse axis (18) of the second set of pulleys (15) to which it is perpendicular, while its other end is articulated on the head (21) of a connecting rod (22), the foot of which is also integral with the boom foot ( 9) with which it pivots on the axis (6) of the top of the mast, so that there is materialized a mechanism with three axes of articulation (6), (21), (18) parallel to each other, this mechanism deforming on either side of a neutral position for which the three axes (6), (21), (18) are aligned, namely:
- the axis (18) by which the pusher (20) is articulated on the second pulley train (15) for hauling;
the axis (21) by which the head of the connecting rod (22) is articulated on the pusher (20);
- The axis (6) by which the connecting rod foot and the jib foot (9) are articulated on the top of the mast. (5), (3). 5 - Grue repliable suivant l'une quelconque des revendica­tions précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, pendant la première phase de relevage, le mât ( 3), (5 ) et la flèche (13), ( 12) s'élèvent dans un encombrement réduit.5 - foldable crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, during the first lifting phase, the mast (3), (5) and the boom (13), (12) rise in a space reduced. 6 Grue repliable suivant l'une quelconque des revendica­tions précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de mouflage variable (14), (15 ) commandé par l'articulation du pied de flèche, ( 9 ) permet, lors de la première phase de soulèvement de la flèche, d'empêcher l'ouverture de la pointe ( 12) [ angle (39) ] par compensa­tion du câble (13), alors que par contre, cela autorise l'ouverture de l'angle (39) de la pointe de flèche (12) sur le pied de flèche ( 9 ) lorsque l'angle (33) du mât et du pied de flèche atteint puis dépasse une valeur de l'ordre de 45 degrés, le dépliage s'effectuant dès lors rapidement sans que la pointe de flèche (12) ne vienne bu­ter dans le mât.6 foldable crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the variable reeving device (14), (15) controlled by the articulation of the jib foot, (9) allows, during the first lifting phase arrow, to prevent the opening of the tip (12) [angle (39)] by compensating the cable (13), while on the other hand, this allows the opening of the angle (39) of the tip boom (12) on the boom foot (9) when the angle (33) of the mast and the boom foot reaches and then exceeds a value of the order of 45 degrees, the unfolding is therefore carried out quickly without the arrowhead (12) does not come up against the mast. 7 - Grue repliable suivant l'une quelconque des revendica­tions précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la longueur (37) de la pointe de flèche (12) est supérieure à 85 % de la longueur (38 ) du pied de flèche ( 9).7 - Foldable crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length (37) of the arrowhead (12) is greater than 85% of the length (38) of the boom foot (9).
EP88420074A 1988-03-02 1988-03-02 Foldable crane with rapid and automatic deployment Expired - Lifetime EP0331856B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8888420074T DE3865835D1 (en) 1988-03-02 1988-03-02 FOLD-UP CRANE WITH AUTOMATIC AND FAST-ALIGNMENT.
ES198888420074T ES2027030T3 (en) 1988-03-02 1988-03-02 FOLDING CRANE WITH AUTOMATIC FAST DEPLOYMENT.
EP88420074A EP0331856B1 (en) 1988-03-02 1988-03-02 Foldable crane with rapid and automatic deployment
AT88420074T ATE68772T1 (en) 1988-03-02 1988-03-02 FOLDABLE CRANE WITH AUTOMATIC AND FAST ERECTING.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88420074A EP0331856B1 (en) 1988-03-02 1988-03-02 Foldable crane with rapid and automatic deployment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0331856A1 true EP0331856A1 (en) 1989-09-13
EP0331856B1 EP0331856B1 (en) 1991-10-23

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ID=8200461

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88420074A Expired - Lifetime EP0331856B1 (en) 1988-03-02 1988-03-02 Foldable crane with rapid and automatic deployment

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0331856B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE68772T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3865835D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2027030T3 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4315960A1 (en) * 1993-05-12 1994-11-17 Liebherr Werk Biberach Gmbh Crane with telescopic tower
EP1084982A1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2001-03-21 Liebherr-Werk Biberach GmbH Tower crane
US6276541B1 (en) * 1999-02-26 2001-08-21 Potain Device for simultaneously unfolding or folding crane jib tip elements

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2436097A1 (en) * 1978-09-16 1980-04-11 Pingon Int Transportable crane with folding mast and boom - has system of cables and pulleys to lower mast for transport
FR2457241A3 (en) * 1979-05-24 1980-12-19 San Marco Spa Telescopic tower crane with folding jib - has rope to jib head unfolding jib automatically on tower extension
FR2546496A1 (en) * 1983-05-25 1984-11-30 Cattaneo Spa Articulated frame for tower crane
FR2548646A1 (en) * 1983-07-05 1985-01-11 Cadillon REPLIABLE CRANE WITH QUICK DEPLOYMENT
DE3441573A1 (en) * 1984-11-14 1986-05-15 Peiner Hebe- Und Transportsysteme Gmbh, 5500 Trier Tower crane with split jib
DE3633582A1 (en) * 1985-10-02 1987-04-16 Cattaneo Luigi Spa Articulated crane with self-erecting tower and telescoping jib

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2436097A1 (en) * 1978-09-16 1980-04-11 Pingon Int Transportable crane with folding mast and boom - has system of cables and pulleys to lower mast for transport
FR2457241A3 (en) * 1979-05-24 1980-12-19 San Marco Spa Telescopic tower crane with folding jib - has rope to jib head unfolding jib automatically on tower extension
FR2546496A1 (en) * 1983-05-25 1984-11-30 Cattaneo Spa Articulated frame for tower crane
FR2548646A1 (en) * 1983-07-05 1985-01-11 Cadillon REPLIABLE CRANE WITH QUICK DEPLOYMENT
DE3441573A1 (en) * 1984-11-14 1986-05-15 Peiner Hebe- Und Transportsysteme Gmbh, 5500 Trier Tower crane with split jib
DE3633582A1 (en) * 1985-10-02 1987-04-16 Cattaneo Luigi Spa Articulated crane with self-erecting tower and telescoping jib

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4315960A1 (en) * 1993-05-12 1994-11-17 Liebherr Werk Biberach Gmbh Crane with telescopic tower
US6276541B1 (en) * 1999-02-26 2001-08-21 Potain Device for simultaneously unfolding or folding crane jib tip elements
EP1084982A1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2001-03-21 Liebherr-Werk Biberach GmbH Tower crane

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE68772T1 (en) 1991-11-15
EP0331856B1 (en) 1991-10-23
DE3865835D1 (en) 1991-11-28
ES2027030T3 (en) 1992-05-16

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