EP0331039A2 - Device for detecting neps in carded fibrous textile material - Google Patents

Device for detecting neps in carded fibrous textile material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0331039A2
EP0331039A2 EP89103275A EP89103275A EP0331039A2 EP 0331039 A2 EP0331039 A2 EP 0331039A2 EP 89103275 A EP89103275 A EP 89103275A EP 89103275 A EP89103275 A EP 89103275A EP 0331039 A2 EP0331039 A2 EP 0331039A2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
nits
carding
detecting
evaluation circuit
surface area
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Granted
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EP89103275A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0331039A3 (en
EP0331039B1 (en
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Hans-Jürgen Scheinhütte
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CAMBIO RAGIONE SOCIALE;USTIKO AG
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Loepfe AG Gebrueder
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G31/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions
    • D01G31/003—Detection and removal of impurities

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting nits in a carded, textile nonwoven flow.
  • the card sliver also contains so-called nits. These are fiber entanglements and knots of different sizes. The causes of their emergence are diverse. They can lie in the raw material, in the pretreatment of the same in the so-called Vortechnik and also in an unsuitable, defective or worn card clothing.
  • Monitoring the frequency of the nits in the card sliver thus allows conclusions to be drawn about the condition of the elements mentioned and the elimination of the corresponding error source. In particular, the wear of the card clothing and the time of regrinding or changing it can be determined.
  • the number of nits was determined so that a piece of card sliver was removed and pulled apart in a drafting system. Afterwards, using a lighting device and a magnifying glass, the nits or impurities that appeared as dark spots could be counted visually or manually.
  • the solution to this problem results from a device opposite the fiber fleece stream for illuminating at least one surface area of the same with an extension transverse to the conveying direction, optics for mapping the illuminated surface area onto a light measuring arrangement and an evaluation circuit connected to it for evaluating the local brightness change of the image generated the movement of the material flow.
  • the device is preferably arranged on a carding device, specifically before the nonwoven is combined into a band, ie in a state of relatively low fiber density. In this state it is surprisingly possible to detect nits and other errors due to the changes in brightness of the image during the movement of the nonwoven fabric flow by imaging the illuminated surface area onto a light-sensitive arrangement.
  • the light-sensitive arrangement is advantageously composed of a plurality of sensors arranged in rows, an area area of the material flow being depicted on each sensor which is of the order of magnitude of a nit, i.e. e.g. is at most ten times its extent.
  • the signals from each sensor are then separately detected for changes in brightness or level.
  • the detection device is based on the fact that a nit has far more fibers per square millimeter than the fleece. Nits are very small accumulations of fibers with a typical diameter of approx. 0.5 mm and a length of approx. 1 mm. If the nonwoven fabric is illuminated with incident light, more light is reflected in the area of a nit due to the greater fiber density than in the other areas of the nonwoven fabric. In the imaging of an illuminated area on a sensor, this manifests itself in a change in brightness. In order for these changes in brightness to emerge from the "noise" caused by the statistical changes in the fleece density, the surface area of the material flow imaged on a sensor must be selected in the order of magnitude of the nep extent. The optimal size results from the chosen optical imaging scale on the one hand and from cost considerations on the other. Individual elements, arrays or fully integrated photosensor cells can be used.
  • the nonwoven fabric 1 shows the device for detecting nits on a carding device.
  • the nonwoven fabric 1 passes through a licker-in 2 onto a reel 3 of a card and is then taken over by a take-off roller 4.
  • the nit detection on the take-off roller takes place in the example shown.
  • the nit detection device 10 is preferably arranged in such a way that the light exit and entry windows are inclined approximately vertically or forwards so that no dust deposits form on it.
  • the optimum mounting location is often the output side of the take-off roller 4.
  • the nit detection device 10 is connected to a display or output device 11, on which the result of the detection can be determined from the outside.
  • FIG. 2 shows part of the take-off roller 4 together with a schematic view of the detection device 10 for a sensor.
  • a light source 12 which can be designed as a light bulb or as an LED element
  • the fiber fleece 1 is illuminated via a converging lens and a gap 14 with a transparent cover.
  • the direction of illumination is at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the tangent of the take-off roller 4, while the direction of observation is approximately perpendicular to it. This ensures that reflections from the polished front sides of the teeth 15 of the take-off roller 4 do not falsify the measurement result.
  • the illuminated surface area on the fleece 1 is imaged on a photosensor 17 by means of optics 16, which is shown in FIG. 2 only as a circuit symbol.
  • the photosensor 17 is e.g. a preferably integrated photodiode with a certain surface area is suitable.
  • the surface area is 1 mm in the direction of fiber fleece and 2.5 mm across it.
  • a plurality of such photo sensors 17 can be arranged in arrays or in a fully integrated arrangement next to one another in rows 18 in groups 18. 4 shows such a row-like sensor group 18 with ten sensors 17 arranged next to one another, each with a width b of 2.5 mm, which thus scan a strip of width B of 2.5 cm.
  • Each of the sensors 17 is connected to its own evaluation circuit, which is shown schematically in FIG. 2.
  • the photo sensor 17 is connected to a voltage source 19 and a limiting resistor R.
  • the current level in this circuit is fed to a discriminator 21 via a current measuring circuit 20. If the measured current level exceeds a set threshold, the discriminator generates an output signal which is added in a counter 22.
  • the evaluation of the signals from the photosensors is improved if the discriminator 21 does not use the light intensity but rather its differential quotient as a criterion. Due to the movement of the fleece transversely to the sensor line 18, each nit generates an increase followed by a decrease in the photocurrent. With suitable dimensions, double differentiation also provides favorable values. If it is to be avoided that foreign bodies, for example plant particles, are also recorded in addition to the nits, counter 22 An electronic time measurement circuit can be provided so that the counter only responds if a drop occurs after a current rise within a period corresponding to the maximum nep size.
  • circuits for evaluating the signals from the photosensors are required for each sensor 17, which in itself results in considerable effort. Since these are always the same elements and only 2 connections are required per unit, these circuits can therefore be constructed as an integrated circuit, possibly in a housing with the sensor.
  • a rapid multiplex circuit is provided in another embodiment, not shown in the drawing, by means of which the signals from the sensors are scanned sequentially. If the sampling clock is in the megahertz range, as is the case today with known CCD components, there is sufficient temporal resolution for the detection of the nits. The sequential signals obtained in this way can thus be evaluated in a single evaluation circuit.
  • a further simplification of the device is achieved in that the full width of the fleece is not optically scanned. This is shown in FIG. 3 by means of a supervision of the take-off roller 4.
  • the detection device 10 in this case has some sensor groups 18 distributed over the roll width 4, which detect traces 25 of approximately 2.5 cm in width on the fleece. This enables the quality of the carding to be assessed across the entire width of the web. If local clothing damage between these tracks is also to be recorded, a slow transverse movement of the detection device 10 by one track distance can be provided are, as indicated by the arrows 26. The determination of the number of nits is then correlated with this movement. By taking the cycle time of the clothing into account by means of the mentioned time measurement circuit, foreign objects, for example wood particles, which are jammed in it can also be detected in this way.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

The device comprises an illuminator (12-14) and an optical system (16) to create an optical image of the card web (1) on an array of photosensors (17). Provided the sensor area is sufficiently small, neps create a typical time-course in the illumination intensity, which can be utilised to detect them. The neps are not removed, but their frequency provides indications of possible deficiencies of the carding machine or of the upstream fibre-opening machines. …<IMAGE>…

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Detektieren von Nissen in einem kardierten, textilen Faservliesstrom. Im Kardenband findet man neben Verun­reinigungen durch Fremdkörper auch sog. Nissen. Dies sind Faserverschlingungen und -verknotungen unterschiedlicher Grösse. Die Ursachen ihrer Entstehung sind vielfältig. Sie können im Rohmaterial, in der Vorbehandlung desselben im sog. Vorwerk und auch in einer ungeeigneten, defekten oder abgenutzten Garnitur der Karde liegen. Eine Ueber­wachung der Häufigkeit der Nissen im Kardenband erlaubt damit Rückschlüsse auf den Zustand der erwähnten Elemente und die Ausschaltung der entsprechenden Fehlerquelle. Insbesondere kann die Abnutzung der Kardengarnitur und der Zeitpunkt des Nachschleifens bzw. Auswechselns derselben bestimmt werden.The invention relates to a device for detecting nits in a carded, textile nonwoven flow. In addition to contamination from foreign bodies, the card sliver also contains so-called nits. These are fiber entanglements and knots of different sizes. The causes of their emergence are diverse. They can lie in the raw material, in the pretreatment of the same in the so-called Vorwerk and also in an unsuitable, defective or worn card clothing. Monitoring the frequency of the nits in the card sliver thus allows conclusions to be drawn about the condition of the elements mentioned and the elimination of the corresponding error source. In particular, the wear of the card clothing and the time of regrinding or changing it can be determined.

Bisher wurde die Nissenzahl so bestimmt, dass ein Stück Kardenband entnommen und in einem Streck­werk auseinandergezogen wurde. Danach konnten mittels einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung und einer Lupe die in der Durchsicht als dunkle Stellen erscheinenden Nissen bzw. Verunreinigungen visuell bzw. manuell gezählt werden.Previously, the number of nits was determined so that a piece of card sliver was removed and pulled apart in a drafting system. Afterwards, using a lighting device and a magnifying glass, the nits or impurities that appeared as dark spots could be counted visually or manually.

Das bisherige Vorgehen weist den Nachteil auf, dass ein Stück Kardenband entnommen werden muss, um die erwähnte Analyse vorzunehmen. Sie kann aus diesem Grund auch nicht kontinuierlich vorgenommen werden, sondern bei vertretbarem Personalaufwand nur in zeitlichen Abständen. Die Beurteilung der Proben unter­liegt beim erläuterten Vorgehen ferner einem gewissen Ermessen der Beurteilungsperson, so dass ein allgemein gültiger Beurteilungsmassstab nicht besteht.The previous procedure has the disadvantage that a piece of card sliver has to be removed in order to carry out the analysis mentioned. For this reason, it cannot be carried out continuously, but only at regular intervals with reasonable personnel expenditure. The assessment of the samples is also subject to a certain discretion of the assessor in the procedure explained, so that there is no generally applicable assessment standard.

Es stellt sich damit die Aufgabe, eine Vor­richtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welche diese Nachteile nicht aufweist und es erlaubt, die Nissen im Kardenband permanent zu überwachen, ohne dass dazu ein Stück Band entnommen werden muss und ohne den Einsatz einer zusätzlichen Person.It is therefore the task of creating a device of the type mentioned at the outset which does not have these disadvantages and which allows the nits in the card sliver to be monitored continuously without a piece of tape having to be removed and without the use of an additional person.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich durch eine dem Faservliesstrom gegenüberliegende Einrichtung zum Beleuchten mindestens eines Flächenbereichs desselben mit einer Ausdehnung quer zur Förderrichtung, eine Optik zum Abbilden des beleuchteten Flächenbereichs auf eine Lichtmessanordnung und eine daran angeschlossene Auswerteschaltung zum Auswerten der erzeugten, örtlichen Helligkeitsänderung des Bildes durch die Bewegung des Materialstroms. Die Vorrichtung wird vorzugsweise an einer Kardiereinrichtung angeordnet und zwar vor der Zusammenfassung des Faservlieses zu einem Band, d.h. in einem Zustand relativ geringer Faserdichte. In diesem Zustand gelingt es überraschenderweise, mittels Abbildung des beleuchteten Flächenbereichs auf eine lichtempfind­liche Anordnung, Nissen sowie andere Fehler durch die Helligkeitsänderungen des Bildes bei der Bewegung des Faservliesstroms zu detektieren.The solution to this problem results from a device opposite the fiber fleece stream for illuminating at least one surface area of the same with an extension transverse to the conveying direction, optics for mapping the illuminated surface area onto a light measuring arrangement and an evaluation circuit connected to it for evaluating the local brightness change of the image generated the movement of the material flow. The device is preferably arranged on a carding device, specifically before the nonwoven is combined into a band, ie in a state of relatively low fiber density. In this state it is surprisingly possible to detect nits and other errors due to the changes in brightness of the image during the movement of the nonwoven fabric flow by imaging the illuminated surface area onto a light-sensitive arrangement.

Um eine gute Detektion zu ermöglichen, ist die lichtempfindliche Anordnung mit Vorteil aus mehreren zeilenartig angeordneten Sensoren zusammengesetzt, wobei auf jedem Sensor ein Flächenbereich des Materialstroms abgebildet wird, der von der Grössenordnung einer Nisse, d.h. z.B. höchstens das Zehnfache ihrer Ausdehnung ist. Die Signale jedes Sensors werden dann separat auf Helligkeits- bzw. Pegeländerungen detektiert.In order to enable good detection, the light-sensitive arrangement is advantageously composed of a plurality of sensors arranged in rows, an area area of the material flow being depicted on each sensor which is of the order of magnitude of a nit, i.e. e.g. is at most ten times its extent. The signals from each sensor are then separately detected for changes in brightness or level.

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutrt. Es zeigen darin:

  • Fig. 1 eine Kardiereinrichtung mit der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung;
  • Fig. 2 der Aufbau der Vorrichtung im Bereich eines Sensors;
  • Fig. 3 eine Ansicht einer Abnehmerwalze der Kardier­einrichtung mit der Detektionsvorrichtung, und
  • Fig. 4 die Darstellung einer Sensorzeile.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. It shows:
  • 1 shows a carding device with the device according to the invention;
  • 2 shows the construction of the device in the area of a sensor;
  • Fig. 3 is a view of a take-off roller of the carding device with the detection device, and
  • Fig. 4 shows a sensor line.

Die Detektionsvorrichtung beruht auf dem Umstand, dass eine Nisse weit mehr Fasern pro Quadrat­millimeter aufweist als das Vlies. Nissen sind sehr kleine Faseranhäufungen mit einem typischen Durchmesser von ca. 0,5 mm und einer Länge von ca. 1 mm. Wird das Faservlies mit Auflicht beleuchtet, so wird im Bereich einer Nisse zufolge der grösseren Faserdichte mehr Licht reflektiert als in den übrigen Bereichen des Vlieses. In der Abbildung eines beleuchteten Flächenbereichs auf einen Sensor äussert sich dies in einer Helligkeitsände­rung. Damit diese Helligkeitsänderungen aus dem "Rauschen", hervorgerufen durch die statistischen Aende­rungen der Vliesdichte, hervortreten, muss der auf einen Sensor abgebildete Flächenbereich des Materialstroms in der Grössenordnung der Nissenausdehnung gewählt werden. Die optimale Grösse ergibt sich aus dem gewählten optischen Abbildungsmassstab einerseits und aus Kosten­überlegungen andererseits. Es können dabei Einzelele­mente, Arrays oder vollintegrierte Photosensorzellen verwendet werden.The detection device is based on the fact that a nit has far more fibers per square millimeter than the fleece. Nits are very small accumulations of fibers with a typical diameter of approx. 0.5 mm and a length of approx. 1 mm. If the nonwoven fabric is illuminated with incident light, more light is reflected in the area of a nit due to the greater fiber density than in the other areas of the nonwoven fabric. In the imaging of an illuminated area on a sensor, this manifests itself in a change in brightness. In order for these changes in brightness to emerge from the "noise" caused by the statistical changes in the fleece density, the surface area of the material flow imaged on a sensor must be selected in the order of magnitude of the nep extent. The optimal size results from the chosen optical imaging scale on the one hand and from cost considerations on the other. Individual elements, arrays or fully integrated photosensor cells can be used.

In Fig. 1 ist die Vorrichtung zum Detektieren von Nissen an einer Kardiereinrichtung dargestellt. Das Faservlies 1 gelangt über einen Vorreisser 2 auf einen Tambour 3 einer Karde und wird dann von einer Abnehmerwalze 4 übernommen. Bevor das kardierte Faservlies von Abnahmewalzen 5 den Kalandern 6 zur Bildung eines Faserbands zugeführt wird, erfolgt im dargestellten Beispiel die Nissendetektion auf der Abnehmerwalze.1 shows the device for detecting nits on a carding device. The nonwoven fabric 1 passes through a licker-in 2 onto a reel 3 of a card and is then taken over by a take-off roller 4. Before the carded nonwoven fabric is taken from the take-off rollers 5 to the calenders 6 to form a fiber band, the nit detection on the take-off roller takes place in the example shown.

Die Nissendetektionsvorrichtung 10 ist vorzugsweise so angeordnet, dass die Lichtaus- und - eintrittsfenster etwa vertikal oder nach vorne geneigt sind, so dass sich darauf keine Staubablagerungen bilden.The nit detection device 10 is preferably arranged in such a way that the light exit and entry windows are inclined approximately vertically or forwards so that no dust deposits form on it.

Häufig ist der optimale Anbauort die Ausgangsseite der Abnehmerwalze 4. Die Nissendetektions­vorrichtung 10 ist mit einer Anzeige- bzw. Ausgabevor­richtung 11 verbunden, auf welcher von aussen das Ergeb­nis der Detektion feststellbar ist.The optimum mounting location is often the output side of the take-off roller 4. The nit detection device 10 is connected to a display or output device 11, on which the result of the detection can be determined from the outside.

In Fig. 2 ist ein Teil der Abnehmerwalze 4 zusammen mit einer schematischen Ansicht der Detektionsvorrichtung 10 für einen Sensor gezeigt. Mittels einer Lichtquelle 12, welche als Glühbirne oder als LED-Element ausgebildet sein kann, wird das Faservlies 1 über eine Sammellinse und einen Spalt 14 mit transparenter Abdeckung beleuchtet. Die Beleuchtungs­richtung verläuft dabei in einem Winkel von etwa 45° zur Tangente der Abnehmerwalze 4, während die Beobachtungs­richtung etwa senkrecht dazu verläuft. Damit wird sichergestellt, dass nicht Reflexe der blankge­schliffenen Stirnseiten der Zähne 15 der Abnehmerwalze 4 das Messergebnis verfälschen.FIG. 2 shows part of the take-off roller 4 together with a schematic view of the detection device 10 for a sensor. By means of a light source 12, which can be designed as a light bulb or as an LED element, the fiber fleece 1 is illuminated via a converging lens and a gap 14 with a transparent cover. The direction of illumination is at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the tangent of the take-off roller 4, while the direction of observation is approximately perpendicular to it. This ensures that reflections from the polished front sides of the teeth 15 of the take-off roller 4 do not falsify the measurement result.

Der beleuchtete Flächenbereich auf dem Vlies 1 wird mittels einer Optik 16 auf einen Photosensor 17 abgebildet, der in Fig. 2 nur als Schaltungssymbol dargestellt ist. Als Photosensor 17 ist z.B. eine vorzugsweise integrierte Fotodiode mit bestimmter Flächenausdehnung geeignet. Im vorliegenden Ausführungs­beispiel beträgt die Flächenausdehnung 1 mm in Faservlies-Laufrichtung und 2,5 mm quer dazu. Sie kann aber auch weiter verkleinert werden. Mehrere solcher Fotosensoren 17 können in Arrays oder in vollintegrierter Anordnung zeilenartig nebeneinander in Gruppen 18 angeordnet werden. In Fig. 4 ist eine solche zeilenartige Sensorgruppe 18 mit zehn nebeneinander angeordneten Sensoren 17 mit einer Breite b von je 2,5 mm dargestellt, welche damit einem Streifen der Breite B von 2,5 cm abtasten.The illuminated surface area on the fleece 1 is imaged on a photosensor 17 by means of optics 16, which is shown in FIG. 2 only as a circuit symbol. The photosensor 17 is e.g. a preferably integrated photodiode with a certain surface area is suitable. In the present exemplary embodiment, the surface area is 1 mm in the direction of fiber fleece and 2.5 mm across it. However, it can also be reduced further. A plurality of such photo sensors 17 can be arranged in arrays or in a fully integrated arrangement next to one another in rows 18 in groups 18. 4 shows such a row-like sensor group 18 with ten sensors 17 arranged next to one another, each with a width b of 2.5 mm, which thus scan a strip of width B of 2.5 cm.

Jeder der Sensoren 17 ist mit einer eigenen Auswerteschaltung verbunden, die schematisch in Fig. 2 gezeigt ist. Der Fotosensor 17 ist an einer Spannungs­quelle 19 und einem Begrenzungswiderstand R ange­schlossen. Der Strompegel in diesem Schaltkreis wird über eine Strommessschaltung 20 einem Diskriminator 21 zugeführt. Uebersteigt der gemessene Strompegel eine eingestellte Schwelle, so erzeugt der Diskriminator ein Ausgangssignal, das in einem Zähler 22 addiert wird.Each of the sensors 17 is connected to its own evaluation circuit, which is shown schematically in FIG. 2. The photo sensor 17 is connected to a voltage source 19 and a limiting resistor R. The current level in this circuit is fed to a discriminator 21 via a current measuring circuit 20. If the measured current level exceeds a set threshold, the discriminator generates an output signal which is added in a counter 22.

Die Auswertung der Signale der Fotosensoren wird verbessert, wenn im Diskriminator 21 nicht die Lichtintensität, sondern ihr Differentialquotient als Kriterium verwendet wird. Durch die Bewegung des Vlieses quer zur Sensorzeile 18 erzeugt jede Nisse einen Anstieg gefolgt von einem Abfall des Fotostromes. Bei geeigneter Dimensionierung liefert also auch die zweifache Differentiation günstige Werte. Wenn vermieden werden soll, dass neben den Nissen auch Fremdkörper z.B. Pflanzenteilchen erfasst werden, so kann im Zähler 22 eine elektronische Zeitmessschaltung vorgesehen sein, so dass der Zähler nur anspricht, wenn nach einem Stromanstieg, innerhalb eines der maximalen Nissengrösse entsprechenden Zeitraumes ein -abfall erfolgt.The evaluation of the signals from the photosensors is improved if the discriminator 21 does not use the light intensity but rather its differential quotient as a criterion. Due to the movement of the fleece transversely to the sensor line 18, each nit generates an increase followed by a decrease in the photocurrent. With suitable dimensions, double differentiation also provides favorable values. If it is to be avoided that foreign bodies, for example plant particles, are also recorded in addition to the nits, counter 22 An electronic time measurement circuit can be provided so that the counter only responds if a drop occurs after a current rise within a period corresponding to the maximum nep size.

Diese Schaltungen zur Auswertung der Signale der Fotosensoren sind für jeden Sensor 17 erforderlich, was an sich einen erheblichen Aufwand zur Folge hat. Da es sich dabei immer um die gleichen Elemente handelt und je Einheit nur 2 Anschlüsse benötigt werden, können diese Schaltungen deshalb als integrierte Schaltung, gegebenenfalls in einem Gehäuse mit dem Sensor aufgebaut sein.These circuits for evaluating the signals from the photosensors are required for each sensor 17, which in itself results in considerable effort. Since these are always the same elements and only 2 connections are required per unit, these circuits can therefore be constructed as an integrated circuit, possibly in a housing with the sensor.

Statt jedem Sensor 17 eine eigene Auswerte­schaltung beizugeben, ist bei einer anderen, zeichnerisch nicht dargestellten Ausführung eine rasche Multiplex­schaltung vorgesehen, mittels welcher die Signale der Sensoren sequentiell abgetastet werden. Liegt der Abtasttakt im Megahertz-Bereich, wie dies heute bei bekannten CCD-Bauelementen der Fall ist, so ist eine ausreichende, zeitliche Auflösung zur Erkennung der Nissen gegeben. Die so gewonnenen, sequenziellen Signale können damit in einer einzigen Auswerteschaltung ausgewertet werden.Instead of adding a separate evaluation circuit to each sensor 17, a rapid multiplex circuit is provided in another embodiment, not shown in the drawing, by means of which the signals from the sensors are scanned sequentially. If the sampling clock is in the megahertz range, as is the case today with known CCD components, there is sufficient temporal resolution for the detection of the nits. The sequential signals obtained in this way can thus be evaluated in a single evaluation circuit.

Eine weitere Vereinfachung der Vorrichtung wird dadurch erreicht, dass nicht die volle Breite des Vlieses optisch abgetastet wird. In Fig. 3 ist dies anhand einer Aufsicht auf die Abnehmerwalze 4 dargestellt. Die Detektionsvorrichtung 10 weist hierbei einige über die Walzenbreite 4 verteilte Sensorgruppen 18 auf, die auf dem Vlies Spuren 25 von jeweils ca. 2,5 cm Breite erfassen. Damit lässt sich die Qualität der Kardierung über die gesamte Vliesbreite beurteilen. Sollen auch lokale Garniturbeschädigungen zwischen diesen Spuren erfasst werden, kann eine langsame Querbewegung der Detektionsvorrichtung 10 um einen Spurabstand vorgesehen werden, wie mit den Pfeilen 26 angedeutet. Die Bestimmung der Nissenzahlen wird dann mit dieser Bewegung korrelliert. Durch die Berücksichtigung der Umlaufzeit der Garnitur mittels der erwähnten Zeitmessschaltung lassen sich auf diese Weise auch in dieser eingeklemmte Fremdkörper, z.B. Holzteilchen, erfassen.A further simplification of the device is achieved in that the full width of the fleece is not optically scanned. This is shown in FIG. 3 by means of a supervision of the take-off roller 4. The detection device 10 in this case has some sensor groups 18 distributed over the roll width 4, which detect traces 25 of approximately 2.5 cm in width on the fleece. This enables the quality of the carding to be assessed across the entire width of the web. If local clothing damage between these tracks is also to be recorded, a slow transverse movement of the detection device 10 by one track distance can be provided are, as indicated by the arrows 26. The determination of the number of nits is then correlated with this movement. By taking the cycle time of the clothing into account by means of the mentioned time measurement circuit, foreign objects, for example wood particles, which are jammed in it can also be detected in this way.

Claims (10)

1. Vorrichtung zum Detektieren von Nissen in einem kardierten, textilen Faservliesstrom, gekennzeichnet durch eine dem Faservliesstrom gegenüberliegende Einrichtung (12,13) zum Beleuchten mindestens eines Flächenbereichs desselben mit einer Ausdehnung quer zur Förderrichtung, eine Optik (16) zum Abbilden des beleuchteten Flächenbereichs auf eine Lichtmessanordnung (17;18) und eine daran angeschlossene Auswerteschaltung (20,21) zum Auswerten der erzeugten, örtlichen Helligkeitsänderung des Bildes durch die Bewegung des Materialstroms.1. Device for detecting nits in a carded, textile nonwoven stream, characterized by a device (12, 13) opposite the nonwoven stream for illuminating at least one surface area of the same with an extension transverse to the conveying direction, an optical system (16) for imaging the illuminated surface area a light measuring arrangement (17; 18) and an evaluation circuit (20, 21) connected to it for evaluating the local change in brightness of the image generated by the movement of the material flow. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lichtmessanordnung mehrere Fotosensoren (17) aufweist, wobei auf jeden Fotosensor ein bestimmter Flächenbereich des Materialstroms abgebildet ist, dessen Ausdehnung in der Grössenordnung der Nissenausdehnung entspricht.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the light measuring arrangement has a plurality of photosensors (17), a specific surface area of the material flow being depicted on each photosensor, the extent of which corresponds to the size of the nits. 3. Vorrichtung nach einem der voran­gehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lichtmessanordnung (18) aus zeilenartig quer zum Materialstrom nebeneinander angeordneten Fotosensoren (17) aufgebaut ist.3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light measuring arrangement (18) is constructed from row-like photo sensors (17) arranged transversely to the material flow. 4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Fotosensor (17)mit einer eigenen Auswerteschaltung (20,21) versehen ist.4. Device according to one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that each photo sensor (17) is provided with its own evaluation circuit (20, 21). 5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auswerteschaltung eine Diskriminatorschaltung (21) aufweist, mittels welcher mindestens ein Signalpegel des Fotosensorsignals oder seiner zeitlichen Ableitung detektierbar ist.5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the evaluation circuit has a discriminator circuit (21), by means of which at least one signal level of the photo sensor signal or its time derivative can be detected. 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Zeitmessschaltung vorgesehen ist zur Messung der Dauer und/oder des zeitlichen Abstands der detektierten Ereignisse.6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that a time measurement circuit is provided for measuring the duration and / or the time interval of the detected events. 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fotosensoren als vollintegrierte Fotosensorzeilen aufgebaut sind, deren Signale sequentiell ausgelassen und in einer einzigen Auswerteschaltung ausgewertet werden.7. Device according to one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the photo sensors are constructed as fully integrated photo sensor lines whose signals are sequentially omitted and evaluated in a single evaluation circuit. 8. Kardiereinrichtung mit einer Vorrichtung zum Detektieren von Nissen nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung zum Detektieren von Nissen in einem Bereich vor der Zusammenfassung des Kardenvlieses zu einem Band angeordnet ist.8. Carding device with a device for detecting nits according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device for detecting nits is arranged in a region before the carding fleece is combined to form a band. 9. Kardiereinrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung zum Detektieren von Nissen an der Abnehmerwalze (4) der Kardiereinrichtung angeordnet ist.9. Carding device according to claim 8, characterized in that the device for detecting nits is arranged on the take-off roller (4) of the carding device. 10. Kardiereinrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung (12,13,14) zum Beleuchten des Faservliesstroms einen Einstrahlwinkel von etwa 45° bezüglich der Tangente der Abnehmerwalze (4) aufweist und die Achse der abbildenden Optik (16) etwa senkrecht zu dieser Tangente verläuft.10. Carding device according to claim 9, characterized in that the device (12, 13, 14) for illuminating the nonwoven fabric stream has an angle of incidence of approximately 45 ° with respect to the tangent of the take-off roller (4) and the axis of the imaging optics (16) approximately perpendicular runs to this tangent.
EP89103275A 1988-03-02 1989-02-24 Device for detecting neps in carded fibrous textile material Expired - Lifetime EP0331039B1 (en)

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CH785/88A CH669401A5 (en) 1988-03-02 1988-03-02
CH785/88 1988-03-02

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EP0331039A2 true EP0331039A2 (en) 1989-09-06
EP0331039A3 EP0331039A3 (en) 1991-03-20
EP0331039B1 EP0331039B1 (en) 1994-12-14

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US (1) US4953265A (en)
EP (1) EP0331039B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01272947A (en)
CH (1) CH669401A5 (en)
DE (1) DE58908750D1 (en)

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CN108796681A (en) * 2018-07-20 2018-11-13 青岛宏大纺织机械有限责任公司 Fibre defect on-line monitoring system on a kind of carding machine
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58908750D1 (en) 1995-01-26
EP0331039A3 (en) 1991-03-20
EP0331039B1 (en) 1994-12-14
JPH01272947A (en) 1989-10-31
US4953265A (en) 1990-09-04
CH669401A5 (en) 1989-03-15

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