EP0329849A1 - Variable shock waves energy through an adapted ohmic consumption - Google Patents

Variable shock waves energy through an adapted ohmic consumption Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0329849A1
EP0329849A1 EP88121349A EP88121349A EP0329849A1 EP 0329849 A1 EP0329849 A1 EP 0329849A1 EP 88121349 A EP88121349 A EP 88121349A EP 88121349 A EP88121349 A EP 88121349A EP 0329849 A1 EP0329849 A1 EP 0329849A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
ohmic
consumer
spark gap
electrode
resistance
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Granted
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EP88121349A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0329849B1 (en
Inventor
Harald Dipl.-Phys. Eizenhöfer
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Dornier Medizintechnik GmbH
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Dornier Medizintechnik GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K15/00—Acoustics not otherwise provided for
    • G10K15/04—Sound-producing devices
    • G10K15/06—Sound-producing devices using electric discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the greatest possible variability of the shock wave energy is desired in order to have a wide energy spectrum available according to the respective medical needs.
  • the energies required for gallstone treatment are generally higher than the energies for kidney stone treatment. Therefore, for example, a combined gall and kidney stone smashing device should have a large variety have balance regarding the shock wave energy.
  • the variation of the shock wave energy over the voltage in underwater spark shock sources is limited by the ignition behavior of the underwater spark gap. With progressive erosion of the electrode, the minimum voltage value rises, above which a reliable ignition and thus the formation of a suitable shock wave is guaranteed. Thus the voltage cannot be reduced arbitrarily.
  • Another way to influence the shock wave energy is to vary the capacitance. However, this requires high voltage and high current switches within the surge current generator, which are mechanically and electrically very complex.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for crushing concrement, in which the shock wave energy can be changed to smaller values with unchanged ignition voltage and unchanged capacitance.
  • One or more ohmic consumers are provided between the shock wave generator and the spark gap, which can optionally be interposed and also exchanged.
  • the energy that is not required at the spark gap is converted into heat in these consumers.
  • the water section of the underwater spark gap is very high-resistance (typically several kOhm). Therefore the ignition voltage must remain high. Only when a well conductive plasma channel emerges in the underwater stretch has formed and the actual discharge current flows, the very low-resistance consumer shows its effect as a series resistor (typically 0.1 to 1 ohm).
  • the easily accessible electrode changing device is an advantageous installation location in the shock wave device.
  • the consumer can be the inner conductor of the electrode changing device itself.
  • the inner conductor of the changing device is made of a very good conductive material, for example silver-plated brass.
  • the electrode changing device is replaced by a geometrically identical component with an inner conductor, which consists of a poorly conductive material, for example stainless steel.
  • a change in the resistance and thus an adaptation to the desired shock wave energy can also be achieved via the geometric design of the inner conductor, for example via the conductor cross section.
  • the electrode accordingly.
  • the inner conductor or the outer conductor of the electrode can be made of a different material with a changed resistance.
  • the resistance of the inner conductor is generally between 0.1 and 1 ohm. In normal hospital operation, the power consumption is averaged over time at max. 30 watts lie, so that the heat dissipation by natural heat conduction is sufficient.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically the circuit 2 of a shock wave generator with capacitor 4, switching spark gap 6 and spark gap 8. Between the switching spark gap 6 and spark gap 8, on which the shock wave occurs, a resistor 10 is shown, which is connected in series.
  • FIG. 2 shows an electrode changing device 12, into which an electrode 14 is inserted and held over two locking pawls 16.
  • the inner conductor 18 of the electrode 14 merges into the inner conductor 20 of the changing device 12.
  • FIG. 3 shows an electrode 14 with an inner conductor 18 and an outer conductor 22. In between there is insulation material 24. The material and cross section of the conductors can be varied in order to achieve a changed resistance.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the contactless disintegration of concretions in bodies of living organisms, with an underwater spark gap, a shockwave generator and a switch, in which an ohmic resistor (10) is provided as a load in series with the underwater spark gap, in order to convert excess energy into heat there. …<IMAGE>…

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der DE-PS 2 351 247 ist bekannt, Konkremente in Körpern von Lebewesen mit Stosswellen berührungsfrei zu zerkleinern. Dabei wird die in einem Kondensator gespeicherte Energie kurzfristig freigesetzt und erzeugt in einer Stosswellen­quelle, beispielsweise einer Unterwasserfunkenstrecke, durch einen überspringenden Funken im ersten Fokus eines Rotationsellipsoiden eine sich fortsetzende Stosswelle, die im zweiten Brennpunkt des Ellipsoiden fokussiert wird. Die freigesetzte Energie und damit auch die Intensität der Stosswelle ist abhängig von der angelegten Spannung und der Kapazität des verwendeten Kondensators.From DE-PS 2 351 247 it is known to crush concrements in bodies of living beings with shock waves without contact. The energy stored in a capacitor is released for a short time and, in a shock wave source, for example an underwater spark gap, generates a continuing shock wave that is focused in the second focal point of the ellipsoid by a skipping spark in the first focus of an ellipsoid of revolution. The energy released and thus the intensity of the shock wave depends on the applied voltage and the capacitance of the capacitor used.

Gewünscht ist eine möglichst grosse Variabilität der Schock­wellenenergie, um nach den jeweiligen medizinischen Bedürf­nissen ein breites Energiespektrum zur Verfügung zu haben. So sind die benötigten Energien für eine Gallensteinbehand­lung im allgemeinen höher als die Energien für eine Nieren­steinbehandlung. Daher sollte beispielsweise ein kombinier­ter Gallen- und Nierensteinzertrümmerer eine grosse Varia­ bilität bezüglich der Schockwellenenergie aufweisen. Die Variation der Schockwellenenergie über die Spannung ist bei Unterwasserfunken-Stossquellen durch das Durchzündverhalten der Unterwasserfunkenstrecke limitiert. Mit fortschreitendem Abbrand der Elektrode steigt der minimale Spannungswert, ab dem eine sichere Durchzündung und somit die Ausbildung einer geeigneten Schockwelle gewährleistet ist. Somit kann die Spannung nicht beliebig verkleinert werden.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit, die Schockwellenenergie zu beein­flussen, ist die Variation der Kapazität. Dies erfordert jedoch Hochspannungs- und Hochstromschalter innerhalb des Stoßstromgenerators, die mechanisch und elektrisch sehr aufwendig sind.The greatest possible variability of the shock wave energy is desired in order to have a wide energy spectrum available according to the respective medical needs. The energies required for gallstone treatment are generally higher than the energies for kidney stone treatment. Therefore, for example, a combined gall and kidney stone smashing device should have a large variety have balance regarding the shock wave energy. The variation of the shock wave energy over the voltage in underwater spark shock sources is limited by the ignition behavior of the underwater spark gap. With progressive erosion of the electrode, the minimum voltage value rises, above which a reliable ignition and thus the formation of a suitable shock wave is guaranteed. Thus the voltage cannot be reduced arbitrarily.
Another way to influence the shock wave energy is to vary the capacitance. However, this requires high voltage and high current switches within the surge current generator, which are mechanically and electrically very complex.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung zur Konkre­mentzerkleinerung anzugeben, bei der bei unveränderter Zünd­spannung und unveränderter Kapazität die Schockwellenenergie zu kleineren Werten hin veränderbar ist.The object of the invention is to provide a device for crushing concrement, in which the shock wave energy can be changed to smaller values with unchanged ignition voltage and unchanged capacitance.

Diese Aufgabe wird von der Erfindung nach den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.
Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved by the invention according to the features of claim 1.
Refinements are the subject of subclaims.

Zwischen Stosswellengenerator und Funkenstrecke sind ein oder mehrere ohmsche Verbraucher vorgesehen, die wahlweise zwischengeschaltet und auch ausgetauscht werden können. In diesen Verbrauchern wird die Energie, die an der Funken­strecke nicht benötigt wird, in Wärme umgesetzt.
Die Wasserstrecke der Unterwasserfunkenstrecke ist, je nach Leitfähigkeit des Wassers und Geometrie der Elektrode, sehr hochohmig (typisch mehrere kOhm). Deshalb muss die Zünd­spannung unverändert hoch bleiben. Erst wenn sich in der Unterwasserstrecke ein gut leitfähiger Plasmakanal ausge­ bildet hat und der eigentliche Entladestrom fliesst, zeigt der sehr niederohmige Verbraucher als Vorwiderstand (typisch 0.1 bis 1 Ohm) seine Wirkung.One or more ohmic consumers are provided between the shock wave generator and the spark gap, which can optionally be interposed and also exchanged. The energy that is not required at the spark gap is converted into heat in these consumers.
Depending on the conductivity of the water and the geometry of the electrode, the water section of the underwater spark gap is very high-resistance (typically several kOhm). Therefore the ignition voltage must remain high. Only when a well conductive plasma channel emerges in the underwater stretch has formed and the actual discharge current flows, the very low-resistance consumer shows its effect as a series resistor (typically 0.1 to 1 ohm).

Als vorteilhafter Einbauort im Stosswellengerät bietet sich die leicht zugängliche Elektrodenwechseleinrichtung an. Hierbei kann der Verbraucher der Innenleiter der Elektroden­wechseleinrichtung selbst sein. Derzeit besteht der Innen­leiter der Wechseleinrichtung aus einem sehr gut leitenden Material, beispielsweise versilbertem Messing. Die Elektro­denwechselvorrichtung wird erfindungsgemäss ersetzt durch ein geometrisch identisches Bauteil mit einem Innenleiter, der aus einem schlechter leitenden Material, beispielsweise Edelstahl, besteht. Ebenfalls lässt sich über die geome­trische Gestaltung des Innenleiters, beispielsweise über den Leiterquerschnitt, noch eine Veränderung des Widerstandes und damit eine Anpassung an die gewünschte Schockwellen­energie erzielen.
Möglich ist auch, die Elektrode selbst entsprechend auszu­gestalten. Beispielsweise lässt sich der Innenleiter oder auch der Aussenleiter der Elektrode aus einem anderen Mate­rial mit verändertem Widerstand herstellen. Der Widerstand des Innenleiters liegt im allgemeinen zwi­schen 0.1 bis 1 Ohm. Die Leistungsaufnahme wird bei normalem Klinikbetrieb im zeitlichen Mittel bei max. 30 Watt liegen, so dass die Wärmeabfuhr durch natürliche Wärmeleitung aus­reichend ist.The easily accessible electrode changing device is an advantageous installation location in the shock wave device. The consumer can be the inner conductor of the electrode changing device itself. At the moment, the inner conductor of the changing device is made of a very good conductive material, for example silver-plated brass. According to the invention, the electrode changing device is replaced by a geometrically identical component with an inner conductor, which consists of a poorly conductive material, for example stainless steel. A change in the resistance and thus an adaptation to the desired shock wave energy can also be achieved via the geometric design of the inner conductor, for example via the conductor cross section.
It is also possible to design the electrode accordingly. For example, the inner conductor or the outer conductor of the electrode can be made of a different material with a changed resistance. The resistance of the inner conductor is generally between 0.1 and 1 ohm. In normal hospital operation, the power consumption is averaged over time at max. 30 watts lie, so that the heat dissipation by natural heat conduction is sufficient.

Die Erfindung wird anhand von Figuren näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to figures.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine Schaltungsskizze mit integriertem Widerstand,
  • Figur 2 eine Elektrodenwechseleinrichtung,
  • Figur 3 eine Elektrode.
Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram with an integrated resistor,
  • FIG. 2 shows an electrode changing device,
  • Figure 3 shows an electrode.

Figur 1 zeigt schematisch den Schaltkreis 2 eines Stoss­wellenerzeugers mit Kondensator 4, Schaltfunkenstrecke 6 und Funkenstrecke 8. Zwischen Schaltfunkenstrecke 6 und Funkenstrecke 8, an der die Stosswelle entsteht, ist ein Widerstand 10 eingezeichnet, der seriell geschaltet ist.Figure 1 shows schematically the circuit 2 of a shock wave generator with capacitor 4, switching spark gap 6 and spark gap 8. Between the switching spark gap 6 and spark gap 8, on which the shock wave occurs, a resistor 10 is shown, which is connected in series.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Elektrodenwechseleinrichtung 12, in die eine Elektrode 14 eingeschoben ist und über zwei Verriege­lungsklinken 16 gehalten wird. Der Innenleiter 18 der Elektrode 14 geht in den Innenleiter 20 der Wechselein­richtung 12 über.FIG. 2 shows an electrode changing device 12, into which an electrode 14 is inserted and held over two locking pawls 16. The inner conductor 18 of the electrode 14 merges into the inner conductor 20 of the changing device 12.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Elektrode 14 mit Innenleiter 18 und Aussenleiter 22. Dazwischen befindet sich Isolations­material 24. Material und Querschnitt der Leiter kann variiert werden, um einen veränderten Widerstand zu er­zielen.FIG. 3 shows an electrode 14 with an inner conductor 18 and an outer conductor 22. In between there is insulation material 24. The material and cross section of the conductors can be varied in order to achieve a changed resistance.

Claims (10)

1. Vorrichtung zur Stosswellenbehandlung, insbesondere zur berührungslosen Zerkleinerung von Konkrementen in Körpern von Lebewesen, mit einer Unterwasserfunken­strecke, einem Stossgenerator und einem Schalter, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Serie zur Unterwasserfunkenstrecke ein ohmscher Widerstand als Verbraucher vorgesehen ist.1. Device for shock wave treatment, in particular for contactless crushing of concrements in bodies of living beings, with an underwater spark gap, a shock generator and a switch, characterized in that an ohmic resistance is provided as a consumer in series with the underwater spark gap. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der ohmsche Verbraucher veränderbar ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ohmic consumer is changeable. 3. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorherigen An­sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der ohmsche Ver­braucher austauschbar ist.3. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ohmic consumer is interchangeable. 4. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorherigen An­sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der ohmsche Ver­braucher ein leicht zugängliches Bauteil der Vorrichtung ist.4. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ohmic consumer is an easily accessible component of the device. 5. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorherigen An­sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der ohmsche Ver­braucher ein Teil der Elektrodenwechseleinrichtung ist.5. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ohmic consumer is part of the electrode changing device. 6. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorherigen An­sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der ohmsche Ver­braucher der Innenleiter der Elektrodenwechseleinrich­tung ist.6. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ohmic consumer is the inner conductor of the electrode changing device. 7. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorherigen An­sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der die Unter­wasserfunkenstrecke bildenden Elektrode Metalleiter vor­gesehen sind, deren Widerstandswerte veränderbar sind.7. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that metal conductors are provided in the electrode forming the underwater spark gap, the resistance values of which can be changed. 8. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorherigen An­sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das verwendete Widerstandsmaterial Edelstahl ist.8. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resistance material used is stainless steel. 9. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorherigen An­sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Widerstands­wert ca. 0.1 bis 1 Ohm beträgt.9. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resistance value is approximately 0.1 to 1 ohm. 10. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorherigen An­sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erzeugte Wärme im Verbraucher über natürliche Wärmeleitung abführbar ist.10. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat generated in the consumer can be dissipated via natural heat conduction.
EP88121349A 1988-02-18 1988-12-21 Variable shock waves energy through an adapted ohmic consumption Expired - Lifetime EP0329849B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3804993 1988-02-18
DE3804993A DE3804993C1 (en) 1988-02-18 1988-02-18

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EP0329849A1 true EP0329849A1 (en) 1989-08-30
EP0329849B1 EP0329849B1 (en) 1992-11-25

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EP88121349A Expired - Lifetime EP0329849B1 (en) 1988-02-18 1988-12-21 Variable shock waves energy through an adapted ohmic consumption

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US (1) US5146912A (en)
EP (1) EP0329849B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01291853A (en)
DE (1) DE3804993C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2037190T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3937904C2 (en) * 1989-11-15 1994-05-11 Dornier Medizintechnik Improvement of the ignition behavior on an underwater spark gap
DE59207731D1 (en) * 1992-09-28 1997-01-30 Hmt Ag Device for generating shock waves for the contact-free destruction of concretions in the bodies of living beings
WO1996009621A1 (en) * 1994-09-21 1996-03-28 Hmt High Medical Technologies Entwicklungs- Und Vertriebs Ag Method and device for generating shock waves for medical treatment, in particular for electro-hydraulic lithotripsy
DE19718512C1 (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-06-25 Hmt Ag Production of shock waves for medical applications using spark discharge in water
ATE362163T1 (en) 1997-10-24 2007-06-15 Mts Europ Gmbh METHOD FOR AUTOMATICALLY ADJUSTING THE ELECTRODE DISTANCE OF A SPARK GAP IN ELECTROHYDRAULIC SHOCK WAVE SYSTEMS
BR112012017977A2 (en) 2010-01-19 2016-05-03 Univ Texas apparatus and systems for generating high frequency shock waves, and methods of use.
AR087170A1 (en) 2011-07-15 2014-02-26 Univ Texas APPARATUS FOR GENERATING THERAPEUTIC SHOCK WAVES AND ITS APPLICATIONS
US10835767B2 (en) * 2013-03-08 2020-11-17 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Rapid pulse electrohydraulic (EH) shockwave generator apparatus and methods for medical and cosmetic treatments
TWI742110B (en) 2016-07-21 2021-10-11 美商席利通公司 Rapid pulse electrohydraulic (eh) shockwave generator apparatus with improved electrode lifetime and method of producing compressed acoustic wave using same
AU2018221251B2 (en) 2017-02-19 2023-04-06 Soliton, Inc. Selective laser induced optical breakdown in biological medium

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2650624A1 (en) * 1976-11-05 1978-05-18 Dornier System Gmbh Circuit producing shock waves for destroying concretions - with parallel-charged capacitors discharging energy in the sequence
DE3146627A1 (en) * 1981-11-25 1983-06-01 Dornier System Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen Circuit and operation thereof for generating an electrical discharge in the nsec range
EP0188750A1 (en) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Shock sound waves apparatus for the disintegration of calculi

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2635635C3 (en) * 1976-08-07 1979-05-31 Dornier System Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen Spark gap for generating shock waves for the contact-free destruction of calculus in the bodies of living beings
DE3150430C1 (en) * 1981-12-19 1983-07-28 Dornier System Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen Circuit for generating an underwater discharge
DE3543881C1 (en) * 1985-12-12 1987-03-26 Dornier Medizintechnik Underwater electrode for non-contact lithotripsy

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2650624A1 (en) * 1976-11-05 1978-05-18 Dornier System Gmbh Circuit producing shock waves for destroying concretions - with parallel-charged capacitors discharging energy in the sequence
DE3146627A1 (en) * 1981-11-25 1983-06-01 Dornier System Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen Circuit and operation thereof for generating an electrical discharge in the nsec range
EP0188750A1 (en) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Shock sound waves apparatus for the disintegration of calculi

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5146912A (en) 1992-09-15
EP0329849B1 (en) 1992-11-25
JPH01291853A (en) 1989-11-24
DE3804993C1 (en) 1989-08-10
ES2037190T3 (en) 1993-06-16

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