EP0328596A1 - Procede d'elimination selective de substances volatiles de liquides et installation pour la mise en uvre de ce procede - Google Patents
Procede d'elimination selective de substances volatiles de liquides et installation pour la mise en uvre de ce procedeInfo
- Publication number
- EP0328596A1 EP0328596A1 EP88907142A EP88907142A EP0328596A1 EP 0328596 A1 EP0328596 A1 EP 0328596A1 EP 88907142 A EP88907142 A EP 88907142A EP 88907142 A EP88907142 A EP 88907142A EP 0328596 A1 EP0328596 A1 EP 0328596A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- permeate
- membrane
- retentate
- liquid
- cross
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000012465 retentate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004094 preconcentration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000029422 Hypernatremia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019568 aromas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/58—Multistep processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
- B01D63/082—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes
- B01D63/084—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes at least one flow duct intersecting the membranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
- C12H3/00—Methods for reducing the alcohol content of fermented solutions or alcoholic beverage to obtain low alcohol or non-alcoholic beverages
- C12H3/04—Methods for reducing the alcohol content of fermented solutions or alcoholic beverage to obtain low alcohol or non-alcoholic beverages using semi-permeable membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/147—Microfiltration
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the selective removal of volatile substances from liquids, in particular alcohol from beverages such as wine, beer or fermented fruit juices, by membrane separation processes and at least one further separation process.
- thermal processes have become known which have evolved from evaporation plants.
- a known plant for the production of alcohol-free wine has a multi-stage evaporator in which the alcohol is evaporated together with the aroma substances. The condensate is fed to a distillation column with several separators, in which the alcohol is distilled out. Then the separated aroma substances are mixed again with the dealcoholized wine.
- the disadvantage of the known thermal processes is that, as a result of the thermal load, flavor-reducing cooking products are produced and an undesirable secondary taste occurs in the dealcoholized beverage.
- the energy required for thermal processes is very high and the system, particularly when using several evaporation stages and a distillation column with several separation stages, is relatively expensive.
- Membrane separation processes for dealcoholization of liquids have also become known, in which the alcohol is filtered out of the starting liquid, for example wine or beer, by reverse osmosis in a cross-flow membrane process. With the addition of water, the liquid to be dealcoholized is passed through the membrane filter modules with the aid of a circulation pump. The volatile substances are separated out by means of diafiltration together with the water on the permeate side of the membrane filter module. To improve the performance, the retentate is often concentrated or preconcentrated. Since no heat treatment takes place in these known membrane processes, the secondary or cooking taste which arises in the thermal processes is not present.
- a process for dealcoholization of wine which consists of a combination of dialysis processes and thermal processes, has also become known.
- the wine as the starting liquid flows through the tentate side of the dialysis module and releases the alcohol due to the concentration differences through the membrane to the dialysate, which flows in countercurrent to the retentate flow through the permeate side of the dialysis module.
- the dialysate is introduced into a distillation column in which the alcohol is further separated from the dialysate by vacuum distillation at low temperature.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of avoiding the disadvantages inherent in the known processes for dealcoholization of liquids and of improving the economy of the system and the quality of the product not only in the case of alcohol reduction but also in total dealcoholization.
- this object is achieved in that the permeate, which mainly consists of water and volatile substances, is separated from the starting liquid by increased transmembrane pressure compared to the dialysis process and by a difference in concentration, and then the alcohol is separated by at least one further liquid volatile - Separation process removed and afterwards the resulting residue is at least partially returned to the permeate-side circuit between membrane separation processes and at least one of the other liquid-volatile separation processes.
- the advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that the disadvantages of the known methods can be largely eliminated while retaining their advantages by the combination of reverse osmosis, dialysis and thermal methods according to the invention.
- the cross-flow membrane separation device according to the invention is constructed in such a way that the liquid-volatile separation through the membrane takes place through an increased transmembrane pressure compared to dialysis and through a concentration difference.
- the driving force here is the transmembrane pressure, which significantly improves the low output given in the pure dialysis process and greatly reduces the reduction in output which occurs with increasing alcohol reduction.
- a further advantage is that the aromas, salts, acids and extracts which pass through the membrane with the alcohol after the alcohol has been removed by at least one further liquid-volatile separation method, for example thermal distillation, membrane methods , remain in the permeate and part of the permeate is returned to the retentate.
- the original taste and bouquet substances contained in the starting liquid for example in wine, remain largely unchanged even in the case of total dealcoholization.
- FIG. 2 shows the system according to FIG. 1 with an upstream reverse osmosis device for preconcentrating the starting liquid
- FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a hollow fiber reverse osmosis module modified according to the invention
- Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through a modified According to the invention Umlotos- • mose-tube module
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section through a plurality of lined-up reverse osmosis plate modules modified according to the invention
- FIG. 6 shows a section through the reverse osmosis plate module along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5,
- Fig. 8 shows a section through the reverse osmosis plate module along the line VIII-VIII in Fig.6 and 9 shows a section along the line IX-IX in FIG. 7.
- the wine to be dealcoholized is introduced into the retentate side of a cross-flow membrane separation device 2 via a feed line 1.
- crossflow membrane module 3 in which predominantly alcohol and water, as well as initially to a not insignificant extent, also undesirable flavorings, salts, acids and extracts are separated from the wine.
- the specific structure of the crossflow membrane modules 3, which bring about a liquid-volatile separation due to the transmembrane pressure and the concentration difference, will be described later.
- the wine flows through the retentate side, separated from the permeate side by a membrane 4, in the direction of arrow 5 and, after the volatile substances have been separated off, leaves the cross-flow membrane module 3 through the drain line 6 as dealcoholized or reduced-alcohol wine.
- This consists of alcohol, water and in addition also aroma substances, salts, acids and extracts, permeate is introduced via a permeate outflow line 7 into a further liquid-volatile separation device 8, which in the exemplary embodiment consists of a distillation column. In the distillation column, the alcohol is distilled out of the permeate at low temperatures, which are made possible by a vacuum pump 9.
- the residue consisting of flavors, salts, acids and extracts is returned to the membrane module 3 of the crossflow membrane separation device 2.
- Around- Rolling pumps 12 and 13 in the return line 10 ensure that the permeate flows in the direction of arrow 14 through the permeate side of the crossflow membrane module 3 in counterflow to the retentate flow.
- the membrane 4 is selected selectively for the separation of alcohol, due to the initial concentration difference between the retentate and the permeate, aroma substances, salts, acids and extracts from the wine initially also pass into the permeate together with the alcohol and water. With increasing concentration of these substances, which remain in the permeate after separation of the alcohol in the liquid-volatile separating device 8, the concentration difference decreases, so that after the equilibrium has been reached, the above-mentioned valuable substances diffuse into the permeate only to an insignificant extent " and thus in the dealcoholized The effect is improved by adding aroma substances, salts, acids and extracts, which correspond to the contents of the white, to the buffer tank 11 and / or into the connecting lines 10 and / or pumps 12, 13. These substances can also be obtained from the recirculating permeate or excess permeate by enrichment by means of distillation or membrane processes, or else can be mixed together synthetically.
- the membrane module 3 is operated with an increased transmembrane pressure which is above 5 bar.
- the driving force for the diffusion of alcohol is therefore less the concentration difference between retentate and permeat, but primarily the pressure which is necessary to overcome the osmotic back pressure of the alcohol.
- the osmotic back pressure of salts, acids, extracts and flavorings increases with increasing tration in the permeate, so that, compared to the pure reverse osmosis, fewer valuable substances are lost and after a certain start-up time essentially only alcohol diffuses into the permeate.
- a connecting line 15 leads from the liquid-volatile separating device 8 to the drain line 6 for the retentate. Excess permeate is fed through the connecting line 15 to the dealcoholized wine after it has passed through the liquid-volatile separation device 8, which wine is thereby additionally enriched with valuable substances. With increasing transmembrane pressure, the amount of permeate increases. The consequence of this is that more permeate than excess must be removed through the connecting line 15. As a result, the concentration of the permeate returned through the return line 10 decreases in relation to the concentration in the retentate. This increases the concentration gradient and thus the amount that diffuses from the retentate into the permeate.
- the valuable substances in the excess permeate are not of the same quality as originally in the wine due to the low thermal load in the liquid-volatile separating device 8 designed as a distillation column. It is therefore necessary to optimize between performance and quality, in particular if work is carried out without adding aromatic substances, salts, acids and extracts to the recirculating permeate. It has been found that with a transmembrane pressure in the range from 5 to 25 bar, a high quality compared to the pure dialysis method is achieved with a significantly increased throughput. When flavorings, salts, acids and extracts are added to the recirculating permeate, the pressure permissible for reverse osmosis systems can be used and an additional improvement in performance with good quality can thus be achieved.
- the process according to the invention can also be used advantageously for the removal of valuable volatile substances, for example flavorings from liquids.
- the membrane 4 of the cross-flow membrane module 3 must have a high salt retention capacity, while the salt retention capacity should be as low as possible when extracting the aroma.
- the method according to the invention significantly improves the quality, since the aroma components are separated from the fruit juice rather than thermally, but coldly.
- the method according to the invention is used to obtain a concentrated, dealcoholized liquid, it is expedient to connect the crossflow membrane separation device 2 with a conventional reverse osmosis device 16 for preconcentrating the starting liquid, for example raw juice (FIG. 2).
- the preconcentration is preferably carried out only to such an extent that the aroma losses which arise are insignificant.
- the raw juice which is preferably already clarified by an upstream ultrafiltration or microfiltration device, not shown, is fed to the reverse osmosis device 16 and concentrated.
- the concentrate is fed via a line 17 into the retentate-side supply line 1 of the cross-flow membrane separation device 2.
- the reverse osmosis device 16 is heavily preconcentrated, it is advantageous because of the resulting higher losses of valuable materials to feed part of the permeate into the permeate discharge line 7 of the crossflow membrane device 2 via a line 18 sen. It has been found that through the preconcentration by means of the reverse osmosis device 16, the cross-flow membrane separation device 2 for enthalpy Lization or aroma recovery can be built much smaller and consequently the following liquid-volatile separation device 8 can be built smaller.
- the ultrafiltration or microfiltration device connected upstream of the reverse osmosis device 16 forms the prerequisite for clean juices, in order to replace the tube modules for preconcentration by the reverse osmosis device 16 with less expensive non-tube modules, for example hollow fiber , Winding or plate modules.
- FIG. 3 of the drawing shows an embodiment of the crossflow membrane module 3 for the crossflow membrane separation device 2 in the form of a modified hollow fiber reverse osmosis module.
- the cross-flow membrane module 3 has "at its front end an inlet opening 19 for the to entalkohl isde, retentate DAS-forming starting liquid.
- the opposite end face to is an outlet opening 20 for the retentate which has a the membranes 4-forming hollow Flows through the fiber body of the crossflow membrane module 3 in the direction of the arrow 5.
- a permeate outlet opening 22 in the vicinity of the inlet opening 19, which is connected to the permeate Drain line 7 of the cross-flow membrane separation device 2.
- a permeate inlet opening 23 is arranged in the jacket 21, which is connected to the return line 10 of the cross-flow membrane separation device 2.
- the permeate emerging on the outside of the membrane 4 collects in the space between the outside of the membrane and the jacket 21 and With the help of the circulation pumps 12 and 13, the permeate side of the cross current membrane module 3 and arrow direction 14 in countercurrent to the retentate flow.
- FIG. 4 A further embodiment of the crossflow membrane module 3 for the crossflow membrane separation device 2 is shown in FIG. 4 in the form of a modified reverse osmosis tube module.
- An inner tube 24 of the crossflow membrane module 3, together with the membrane 4 has the inlet opening 19 and the outlet opening 20 for the retort.
- the wall of the inner tube 24 is provided with through-openings 25 to the membrane 4, through which the permeate can pass and is collected in the space between the inner tube 24 and a jacket tube 28 surrounding the inner tube.
- the casing tube 28 has the outlet opening 22 for the permeate in the vicinity of the inlet opening 19.
- At the other end of the crossflow membrane module 3 there is the inlet opening 23 in the casing tube 28, which is connected to the return line 10 of the crossflow membrane separation device 2.
- the permeate flows through the space between the casing tube 28 and the outer tube 26 in the direction of arrow 14 in countercurrent to the retentate flow.
- FIG. 5 to 9 show, as a further exemplary embodiment of the crossflow membrane module 3, a reverse osmosis plate module, which consists of a plate element 29 and an end plate 30, between which the membrane 4 supported by support elements 31 consists of separating membrane 40 and supporting membrane 41 is arranged.
- the end plate 30 has a space 32 for the retentate and the plate element 29 has a space 33 for the permeate.
- the spaces 32 and 33 are separated from one another by the membrane 4 and the retentate and the permeat flow through them in opposite directions.
- the plate element 29 has an extension 34 on its rear side, to which a further plate element 29 can be attached.
- the membranes 4 arranged between the two plate elements 29 result in further spaces 32 and 33 through which the retentate or permeate flows (FIGS. 6 and 7, arrows 5 and 14).
- FIG. 7 shows in connection with FIGS. 8 and 9 that the permeate inlet opening 23 is located in the space 33 at the lower, right end and the permeate outlet opening 22 at the upper, left end.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
Abstract
Pour l'élimination sélective de substances volatiles, le liquide de base est introduit dans un appareil séparateur à membrane et à courant transversal (2), le perméat restant étant séparé de l'eau et des substances volatiles par une pression élevée à travers la membrane et par une différence de concentration accrue. Enfin, le perméat est amené dans un autre appareil séparateur (8) des matières liquides et volatiles, dans lequel l'alcool est extrait par distillation. Le perméat restant, comprenant encore seulement de l'eau, des sels, des acides et des extraits, est alors introduit à nouveau dans l'appareil séparateur à membrane (2) qu'il traverse en sens opposé au courant du résidu. Le perméat excédentaire peut être ajouté au liquide de base désalcoolisé. Par le procédé selon l'invention, la rentabilité de l'installation et la qualité du produit obtenu sont notablement améliorées.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH3328/87A CH676676A5 (fr) | 1987-08-28 | 1987-08-28 | |
CH3328/87 | 1987-08-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0328596A1 true EP0328596A1 (fr) | 1989-08-23 |
Family
ID=4253594
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88907142A Withdrawn EP0328596A1 (fr) | 1987-08-28 | 1988-08-24 | Procede d'elimination selective de substances volatiles de liquides et installation pour la mise en uvre de ce procede |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4988525A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0328596A1 (fr) |
CH (1) | CH676676A5 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1989001965A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3804236A1 (de) * | 1988-02-11 | 1989-08-24 | Gft Ges Fuer Trenntechnik | Verfahren zur reduktion des alkoholgehaltes von alkoholischen getraenken |
GB9001322D0 (en) * | 1990-01-19 | 1990-03-21 | Bush Boake Allen Ltd | Flavour concentrates and their production |
WO1991014497A1 (fr) * | 1990-03-21 | 1991-10-03 | Bucher-Guyer Ag Maschinenfabrik | Procede permettant d'enlever de maniere selective des substances volatiles de liquides |
US5938928A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1999-08-17 | Nonap Pty. Ltd. | Osmotic distillation process using a membrane laminate |
WO1994013159A1 (fr) * | 1992-12-08 | 1994-06-23 | Osmotek, Inc. | Concentration osmotique |
US5281430A (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 1994-01-25 | Osmotek, Inc. | Osmotic concentration apparatus and method for direct osmotic concentration of fruit juices |
US6033690A (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 2000-03-07 | Labatt Brewing Company Limited | Process for pre-conditioning brewer's wort with beer fermentation products and production of a beer therefrom |
US6112908A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2000-09-05 | Rentiers Machinery Pty, Ltd. | Membrane laminates and methods for their preparation |
US6656361B1 (en) * | 2000-10-15 | 2003-12-02 | Osmotek, Inc. | Membrane assisted evaporation process and device for brine concentration |
EP1769063A4 (fr) * | 2004-06-09 | 2009-09-23 | Memstar Pty Ltd | Reduction d'alcool dans des boissons |
US7396453B1 (en) * | 2005-04-19 | 2008-07-08 | Procorp Enterprises, Llc | Hydraulically integrated solids/liquid separation system for wastewater treatment |
US7569146B2 (en) | 2005-05-12 | 2009-08-04 | Nouveau Inc. | By-products from fermentation still bottoms |
US20090208619A1 (en) * | 2008-02-16 | 2009-08-20 | Thaiyalbagam Somasundaram | Selective removal of ions from aqueous liquids |
US8153006B1 (en) | 2008-06-05 | 2012-04-10 | Procorp Enterprises, Llc | Anaerobic treatment process for ethanol production |
DE102008043422B3 (de) * | 2008-11-03 | 2010-01-07 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Verfahren zur Aufreinigung niedermolekularer Hydridosilane |
US20100258113A1 (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-14 | Hyatt Lawrence A | Light wing device |
IT1402501B1 (it) * | 2010-07-05 | 2013-09-13 | Donini S N C Di Donini Diego Alvaro & C | Metodo per la produzione di una bevanda sostanzialmente analcolica a partire da una bevanda alcolica e relativo sistema di produzione |
DE102010055170A1 (de) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-06-21 | Maria Clementine Martin Klosterfrau Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung alkoholfreier Zusammensetzungen auf pflanzlicher Basis sowie auf diese Weise hergestellte Zusammensetzungen und deren Verwendung |
EP2893817B1 (fr) * | 2014-01-10 | 2017-07-19 | Wia Wine AG | Dispositif et procédé de fabrication d'une boisson désalcoolisée |
IL265376B1 (en) | 2016-09-20 | 2024-04-01 | Aqua Membranes Llc | Penetrating current patterns |
KR102033982B1 (ko) | 2016-11-19 | 2019-10-18 | 아쿠아 멤브레인스 엘엘씨 | 나선형 권취 요소를 위한 간섭 패턴 |
CN110461445B (zh) | 2017-04-12 | 2022-10-21 | 阿夸曼布拉尼斯公司 | 用于卷绕式过滤元件的分级间隔件 |
US11745143B2 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2023-09-05 | Aqua Membranes, Inc. | Mixing-promoting spacer patterns for spiral-wound elements |
CN110520210A (zh) | 2017-04-20 | 2019-11-29 | 阿夸曼布拉尼斯公司 | 用于螺旋卷绕元件的不嵌套、不变形图案 |
JP7167140B2 (ja) | 2017-10-13 | 2022-11-08 | アクア メンブレインズ,インコーポレイテッド | スパイラル型巻線要素用の橋梁支持及び低減した供給スペーサ |
JP2023521977A (ja) | 2020-04-07 | 2023-05-26 | アクア メンブレインズ,インコーポレイテッド | 独立したスペーサ及び方法 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2497825A1 (fr) * | 1981-01-13 | 1982-07-16 | Bonneau Marc | Procede de preparation de boissons naturelles a faible teneur alcoolique, boissons et produits divers obtenus par mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
CH654023A5 (de) * | 1981-02-06 | 1986-01-31 | Eidgenoess Wein & Gartenbau | Verfahren zur herstellung von alkoholfreiem wein oder fruchtwein. |
FR2553292B1 (fr) * | 1983-10-17 | 1989-03-17 | Inst Nat Rech Chimique | Procede de concentration des jus fermentes par osmose inverse |
DE3423594A1 (de) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-02 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Weinklaerung mittels crossflow-filtration |
US4717482A (en) * | 1985-05-20 | 1988-01-05 | Allied Corporation | Production of low alcoholic content beverages |
US4778688A (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1988-10-18 | Sepracor, Inc. | Production of low-ethanol beverages by membrane extraction |
DE3600352A1 (de) * | 1986-01-09 | 1987-07-16 | Norbert Barth | Verfahren zur herstellung von vergorenen getraenken, insbesondere wein, mit verringertem alkoholgehalt |
-
1987
- 1987-08-28 CH CH3328/87A patent/CH676676A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-08-24 US US07/358,345 patent/US4988525A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-08-24 EP EP88907142A patent/EP0328596A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-08-24 WO PCT/CH1988/000145 patent/WO1989001965A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO8901965A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO1989001965A1 (fr) | 1989-03-09 |
US4988525A (en) | 1991-01-29 |
CH676676A5 (fr) | 1991-02-28 |
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