EP0327833A1 - Process and apparatus for opening the tap hole of a furnace - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for opening the tap hole of a furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0327833A1
EP0327833A1 EP89100651A EP89100651A EP0327833A1 EP 0327833 A1 EP0327833 A1 EP 0327833A1 EP 89100651 A EP89100651 A EP 89100651A EP 89100651 A EP89100651 A EP 89100651A EP 0327833 A1 EP0327833 A1 EP 0327833A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
tap hole
tapping
sleeve
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89100651A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0327833B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Schneider
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Dango and Dienenthal Maschinenbau GmbH
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Dango and Dienenthal Maschinenbau GmbH
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Publication of EP0327833A1 publication Critical patent/EP0327833A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/12—Opening or sealing the tap holes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for opening a tap hole of ovens closed by a stuffing and a tapping rod.
  • a tap hole When operating blast furnaces, but also on shaft furnaces for direct reduction, boilers, e.g. In coal gasification, ladle furnaces or downhole furnaces for melting ferro-alloys, non-ferrous metals or non-metals, a tap hole must be opened after a certain time so that the melting material or by-products such as slags can flow off.
  • the tapping sequence is between half an hour and several days, depending on the different processes and melting times. After tapping, the stitch holes are closed again.
  • EP-OS 41 942 For alternately closing and opening the tap hole of blast furnaces, it is known from EP-OS 41 942 to strike a rod through the not yet fully hardened stuffing compound a few minutes after plugging the tap hole with a jackhammer until the rod tip reaches the interior of the blast furnace , ie the melt is reached. While the part of the rod tip that comes into contact with the molten metal melts away, the remaining part of the tapping rod remains in the stuffing and is only pulled out again when tapping.
  • tap hole drilling machine It is known to use a tap hole drilling machine to pull out the tapping rod. These are standard drilling machines that have a hammer for driving the tapping bar. To pull out the tapping rod, these tap hole drilling machines must be equipped with a second hammer that strikes against the direction of the hammer. In addition, a gripper with a remote control is required to grasp the tapping bar without an operator having to approach the pig iron gutter. The hammers for driving in and pulling out the tapping rod together with the gripper form a compact device which is very expensive due to its necessarily space-saving construction and is also prone to failure.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus with which the disadvantages mentioned when opening the tap hole can be avoided.
  • tapping rod is hammered into the interior of the furnace and melted there. All that is required is a device that moves the tapping rod into the furnace.
  • the invention is based on the idea of pressing the tapping rod inwards through the tap hole channel to open the tap hole.
  • a conventional tap hole drilling machine with a hammer can be used, i.e. no expensive special construction is required, such as for pulling out the tapping bar.
  • a guide piece can preferably be detachably arranged on the front end of the beater bar of a beating machine.
  • the guide piece for example a sleeve or a tube, can be attached by a welding spot or glued to the impact rod; according to a further proposal, it is arranged clampable on the impact bar.
  • the face of the beater bar lies against the end of the tapping bar facing away from the interior of the furnace, which is overlapped by the guide piece.
  • the guide is released piece and slides on the bumper.
  • the guidance with self-releasing clamping force or self-releasing fastening enables in a surprisingly simple manner, in particular, the tapping of the tapping rod into the interior of the furnace without it being necessary to firmly couple the tapping rod and the striking rod to one another.
  • a coupling firmly connecting the tapping rod and the impact rod one would necessarily have to accept the fact that the coupling head melts away when immersed in the melt.
  • a fixed connection by means of a coupling head would have to be dimensioned such that the coupling - in order to be able to enter the tap hole channel - is smaller than the tap hole.
  • radially acting springs preferably either at least one leaf spring arranged in the clamping guide designed as a sleeve or at least one pair of spring bars, which advantageously has two spring bars arranged in a plane at a distance from one another, a guide which is clamped at the front end of the beater bar can be used in an uncoupled manner , Realize loose contact of the end faces of the two rods.
  • the clamping guide which is preferably designed as a sleeve with a centering bore and a clamp, on the one hand ensures the cohesion of the loose coupling assembly of the rods by the centering bore engaging over the rear part of the end of the tapping rod, which end protrudes mostly from the furnace, and on the other hand guarantees guiding of the impact rod during the total thrust.
  • a brake pad loaded by a spring could also serve to clamp the impact rod. It must always be ensured with the clamping guide that the sleeve has a certain persistence on the impact bar, but shifts on exceeding a certain clamping force on the impact bar.
  • the tapping rod which generally protrudes over the outer wall of the furnace, is increasingly pushed deeper into the interior of the furnace by the impact rod.
  • an axial counterforce exceeds the force of the clamp, so that the sleeve subsequently, i.e. as the impact rod penetrates further into the tap hole channel on the impact rod without impeding further propulsion.
  • the sleeve always fulfills a task leading the bumper.
  • the beater bar can preferably be arranged in a drill carriage and coupled with a hammer.
  • the drill carriage which is present anyway, can also be used to drive in the tapping rod.
  • the guide sleeve lies with its end face facing away from the furnace against a stop of the drill carriage; when the beater bar is pulled back further, the force of the clamp of the sleeve is overcome and the beater bar slides through the guide sleeve, so that the sleeve is in the retracted end position of the beater bar again at the front end of the bar.
  • the tapping channel 10 has a stuffing material 11 and an embedded tapping rod 12 locked; since the stuffing 11 is an integral part of the lining 6 after curing, FIGS. 2 to 4 are shown without stuffing.
  • the tapping rod 12 projects with its free end out of the stuffing material or the tap hole.
  • a guide sleeve 13 is clamped by means of a clamp 14.
  • the end face of the guide sleeve 13 facing the tapping rod 12 is provided with an inwardly tapering center hole 15.
  • the percussion hammer 3 When the percussion hammer 3 is moved forward in the feed direction 16 by means of the motor 2, the front end face of the striking bar 5 lies against the end face of the projecting end of the tapping bar 12; this alignment of the two rods 5, 12 is supported by the centering hole of the guide sleeve 13 which overlaps the end of the tapping rod 12.
  • the percussion hammer 3 for example a reversible percussion piston (not shown) which transmits its impact energy to the percussion rod 5, drives the percussion rod 5 and correspondingly the tapping rod 12 increasingly further in the feed direction 16 when the tap hole 10 is opened.
  • the impact hammer 3 is then moved in the direction of arrow 17 and pulls the coupled impact rod 5 out of the tap hole channel 10 until the tap hole has become free, so that the melt 7 can flow out into the tapping channel 18 arranged below the channel (cf. Fig. 4).
  • the guide sleeve 13 hits a stop 19, e.g. a heat shield, the drill carriage 1; this stop position limits the movement of the guide sleeve 13 when the beater bar 5 is retracted and overcomes the clamping due to the counterforce which arises, so that the beater bar 5 moves through the guide sleeve 13.
  • a leaf spring 21 extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the striking rod 5 is arranged in a recess 29 in the sleeve 13 for clamping the striking rod 5.
  • the leaf spring 21 which is not loaded in the starting position (see FIG. 6), bulges out into the through bore 22 of the sleeve 13 for the striking rod 5.
  • the leaf spring 21 is acted upon radially when the striker 5 is inserted into the bore 22 and is preloaded so that it finally assumes the tensioned position shown in solid line in FIG. 5, in which it exerts a clamping force on the striker 5.
  • the 8 to 10 has two spring rods 24, 25 arranged in radial recesses 23 of the sleeve 13 for clamping the impact rod 5.
  • the rods 24, 25 extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the impact rod 5 or the through bore 22 in one plane at a distance from each other which is smaller than the diameter of the bore 22 (FIG. 9).
  • the spring bars 24, 25 are pressed radially outward by the beater bar 5 (FIG. 10) and are preloaded so that they clamp the beater bar 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

The tap hole of a blast furnace or other melting furnace which has been closed by a mud gun and by a tapping rod is opened by swivelling a percussive hammer on slides in line with the tap hole. An extension rod of the hamer is used to drive the tapping rod through a guide block into the melt clear of the tap hole. The extension rod is then quickly withdrawn out of range of the emerging melt.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Öffnen eines von einer Stopfmasse und einer Abstich­stange verschlossenen Stichlochs von Öfen.The invention relates to a method and a device for opening a tap hole of ovens closed by a stuffing and a tapping rod.

Beim Betrieb von Hochöfen, aber auch an Schachtöfen für eine Direktreduktion, Kesseln, wie z.B. bei der Kohleverga­sung, Pfannenöfen oder Niederschachtöfen zum Schmelzen von Ferrolegierungen, Nichteisenmetallen oder Nichtmetallen muß nach einer gewissen Zeit ein Stichloch geöffnet werden, damit das Schmelzgut oder Nebenprodukte wie Schlacken ab­fließen können. Die Abstichfolge liegt entsprechend den unterschiedlichen Verfahren und Schmelzzeiten zwischen ei­ner halben Stunde und mehreren Tagen. Nach dem Abstich werden die Stichlöcher wieder geschlossen.When operating blast furnaces, but also on shaft furnaces for direct reduction, boilers, e.g. In coal gasification, ladle furnaces or downhole furnaces for melting ferro-alloys, non-ferrous metals or non-metals, a tap hole must be opened after a certain time so that the melting material or by-products such as slags can flow off. The tapping sequence is between half an hour and several days, depending on the different processes and melting times. After tapping, the stitch holes are closed again.

Für das wechselweise Verschließen und Öffnen des Stichlo­ches von Hochöfen ist es aus der EP-OS 41 942 bekannt, ei­nige Minuten nach dem Stopfen des Stichloches mit einem Preßlufthammer eine Stange durch die noch nicht völlig ausgehärtete Stopfmasse zu schlagen, bis die Stangenspitze den Innenraum des Hochofens, d.h. die Schmelze erreicht. Während der mit der flüssigen Metallschmelze in Berührung kommende Teil der Stangenspitze wegschmilzt, verbleibt der übrige Teil der Abstichstange in der Stopfmasse und wird erst beim Abstechen wieder herausgezogen.For alternately closing and opening the tap hole of blast furnaces, it is known from EP-OS 41 942 to strike a rod through the not yet fully hardened stuffing compound a few minutes after plugging the tap hole with a jackhammer until the rod tip reaches the interior of the blast furnace , ie the melt is reached. While the part of the rod tip that comes into contact with the molten metal melts away, the remaining part of the tapping rod remains in the stuffing and is only pulled out again when tapping.

Es ist bekannt, zum Herausziehen der Abstichstange eine Stichlochbohrmaschine zu benutzen. Dabei handelt es sich um Standard-Bohrmaschinen, die einen Schlaghammer zum Eintrei­ben der Abstichstange besitzen. Zum Herausziehen der Ab­stichstange müssen diese Stichlochbohrmaschinen jedoch mit einem zweiten Hammer ausgerüstet werden, der entgegen der Richtung des Einschlaghammers schlägt. Außerdem ist ein Greifer mit Fernbedienung erforderlich, um die Abstich­stange zu erfassen, ohne daß eine Bedienungsperson an die Roheisenrinne herantreten muß. Die Hämmer zum Einschlagen und Herausziehen der Abstichstange bilden zusammen mit dem Greifer eine Kompakt-Vorrichtung, die wegen ihrer notwendi­gerweise raumsparenden Konstruktion sehr teuer und außerdem störanfällig ist.It is known to use a tap hole drilling machine to pull out the tapping rod. These are standard drilling machines that have a hammer for driving the tapping bar. To pull out the tapping rod, these tap hole drilling machines must be equipped with a second hammer that strikes against the direction of the hammer. In addition, a gripper with a remote control is required to grasp the tapping bar without an operator having to approach the pig iron gutter. The hammers for driving in and pulling out the tapping rod together with the gripper form a compact device which is very expensive due to its necessarily space-saving construction and is also prone to failure.

Um eine Zwei-Hämmer-Kompakt-Vorrichtung zu vermeiden, ist es durch die EP-OS 122 844 bekanntgeworden, die Abstich­stange mit Hilfe der Stichlochstopfmaschine aus dem Stich­lochkanal herauszuziehen. Da jedoch Stichlochstopfmaschinen beim Herausziehen der Abstichstange ihre normale Schwenkbe­wegung vollführen, d.h. sich auf einem Kreisbogen aus ihrer Arbeitsposition am Stichloch in eine Ruheposition bewegen, läßt sich keine geradlinige Stangenbewegung erreichen. Die Abstichstange wird daher immer schräg aus dem Stichloch gezogen, was zu Beschädigungen des Stichlochs bzw. des Abstichkanals führt.In order to avoid a two-hammer compact device, it has become known from EP-OS 122 844 to pull the tapping rod out of the tap hole channel using the tap hole tamping machine. However, since taphole tamping machines perform their normal pivoting movement when pulling out the tapping rod, i.e. no linear rod movement can be achieved on a circular arc from its working position at the tap hole to a rest position. The tapping rod is therefore always pulled out of the tap hole at an angle, which leads to damage to the tap hole or the tap channel.

Aus der US-PS 4 384 706 ist es bekannt, die Abstichstange anstelle des Herausziehens mit einer Sauerstofflanze zu verbrennen. Dieses Verfahren beansprucht jedoch zu viel Zeit und ist mit einer erheblichen Belästigung durch Rauch verbunden.From US Pat. No. 4,384,706 it is known to use an oxygen lance instead of pulling out the tapping rod burn. However, this process takes too much time and is associated with significant smoke nuisance.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit denen sich die genannten Nachteile beim Öffnen des Stichloches vermeiden lassen.The invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus with which the disadvantages mentioned when opening the tap hole can be avoided.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß einem Verfahren nach der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß die Abstichstange in den Innenraum des Ofens geschlagen und dort eingeschmolzen wird. Dazu bedarf es lediglich einer die Abstichstange in den Ofen bewegenden Vorrichtung. Der Erfindung liegt dabei der Gedanke zugrun­de, zum Öffnen des Stichlochs die Abstichstange durch den Stichlochkanal nach innen zu drücken. Zum Einschlagen der Abstichstange in den Innenraum des Ofens läßt sich insbeson­dere eine herkömmliche Stichloch-Bohrmaschine mit einem Schlaghammer einsetzen, d.h. es ist keine teure Sonderkon­struktion erforderlich, wie zum Herausziehen der Abstich­stange.This object is achieved according to a method according to the invention in that the tapping rod is hammered into the interior of the furnace and melted there. All that is required is a device that moves the tapping rod into the furnace. The invention is based on the idea of pressing the tapping rod inwards through the tap hole channel to open the tap hole. To tap the tapping rod into the interior of the furnace, a conventional tap hole drilling machine with a hammer can be used, i.e. no expensive special construction is required, such as for pulling out the tapping bar.

Zum Durchführen des Verfahrens läßt sich vorzugsweise auf dem vorderen Ende der Schlagstange einer Schlagmaschine ein Führungsstück lösbar anordnen. Das Führungsstück, beispiels weise eine Hülse oder ein Rohr, kann durch einen Schweiß­punkt angeheftet oder mit der Schlagstange verklebt sein; gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag ist es klemmbar auf der Schlagstange angeordnet. Die Schlagstange legt sich stirn­seitig an das dem Innenraum des Ofens abgewandte Ende der Abstichstange, das von dem Führungsstück übergriffen wird. Bei entweder auf die Klemmführung oder die Schweißnaht bzw. Klebestelle einwirkender Gegenkraft löst sich das Führungs­ stück und gleitet auf der Schlagstange. Die Führung mit sich selbsttätig aufhebender Klemmkraft bzw. sich selbst­tätig aufhebender Befestigung ermöglicht in verblüffend ein­facher Weise insbesondere das Schlagen der Abstichstange in den Innenraum des Ofens, ohne daß es erforderlich ist, die Abstichstange und die Schlagstange fest miteinander zu kup­peln. Bei einer die Abstich- und die Schlagstange fest miteinander verbindenden Kupplung müßte notwendigerweise in Kauf genommen werden, daß der Kupplungskopf beim Eintauchen in die Schmelze wegschmilzt. Außerdem müßte eine feste Verbindung mittels eines Kupplungskopfes so bemessen sein, daß die Kupplung - um in den Stichlochkanal eintreten zu können - kleiner als das Stichloch ist.To carry out the method, a guide piece can preferably be detachably arranged on the front end of the beater bar of a beating machine. The guide piece, for example a sleeve or a tube, can be attached by a welding spot or glued to the impact rod; according to a further proposal, it is arranged clampable on the impact bar. The face of the beater bar lies against the end of the tapping bar facing away from the interior of the furnace, which is overlapped by the guide piece. In the event of a counterforce acting either on the clamp guide or the weld seam or glue point, the guide is released piece and slides on the bumper. The guidance with self-releasing clamping force or self-releasing fastening enables in a surprisingly simple manner, in particular, the tapping of the tapping rod into the interior of the furnace without it being necessary to firmly couple the tapping rod and the striking rod to one another. In the case of a coupling firmly connecting the tapping rod and the impact rod, one would necessarily have to accept the fact that the coupling head melts away when immersed in the melt. In addition, a fixed connection by means of a coupling head would have to be dimensioned such that the coupling - in order to be able to enter the tap hole channel - is smaller than the tap hole.

Mit einer beispielsweise mit radial wirkenden Federn, vor­zugsweise entweder zumindest eine in der als Muffe ausgebil­deten Klemmführung angeordnete Blattfeder oder zumindest ein Federstabpaar, das vorteilhaft zwei in einer Ebene mit Abstand voneinander angeordnete Federstäbe aufweist, am vor­deren Ende der Schlagstange angeklemmten Führung läßt sich hingegen ein ungekuppeltes, loses Anliegen der Stirnflächen der beiden Stangen verwirklichen. Hierbei gewährleistet die vorzugsweise als eine Muffe mit einer Zentrierbohrung und einer Klemme ausgebildete Klemmführung einerseits den Zusam­menhalt des losen Kupplungsverbundes der Stangen, indem die Zentrierbohrung den hinteren Teil des meist aus dem Ofen vorkragenden Endes der Abstichstange übergreift, und garan­tiert andererseits das Führen der Schlagstange während des gesamten Vortriebsschubes. Zum Klemmen der Schlagstange könnte z.B. auch ein von einer Feder beaufschlagter Brems­klotz dienen. Es muß bei der Klemmführung stets gewährlei­stet sein, daß die Muffe zwar ein bestimmtes Verharrungsver­mögen auf der Schlagstange besitzt, sich jedoch beim Über­schreiten einer gewissen Klemmkraft auf der Schlagstange verschiebt.With an example, with radially acting springs, preferably either at least one leaf spring arranged in the clamping guide designed as a sleeve or at least one pair of spring bars, which advantageously has two spring bars arranged in a plane at a distance from one another, a guide which is clamped at the front end of the beater bar can be used in an uncoupled manner , Realize loose contact of the end faces of the two rods. Here, the clamping guide, which is preferably designed as a sleeve with a centering bore and a clamp, on the one hand ensures the cohesion of the loose coupling assembly of the rods by the centering bore engaging over the rear part of the end of the tapping rod, which end protrudes mostly from the furnace, and on the other hand guarantees guiding of the impact rod during the total thrust. For example, a brake pad loaded by a spring could also serve to clamp the impact rod. It must always be ensured with the clamping guide that the sleeve has a certain persistence on the impact bar, but shifts on exceeding a certain clamping force on the impact bar.

Die in aller Regel über die Außenwand des Ofens vorkragende Abstichstange wird von der Schlagstange zunehmend tiefer in den Innenraum des Ofens geschlagen. Sobald sich im Zuge des Vortriebs die Führungsmuffe an die Außenwand des Ofens anlegt, baut sich eine die Kraft der Klemme übersteigende axiale Gegenkraft auf, so daß sich die Muffe in der Folge, d.h. beim weiteren Eindringen der Schlagstange in den Stich­lochkanal auf der Schlagstange bewegt, ohne den weiteren Vortrieb zu behindern. Stets erfüllt die Muffe jedoch eine die Schlagstange führende Aufgabe.The tapping rod, which generally protrudes over the outer wall of the furnace, is increasingly pushed deeper into the interior of the furnace by the impact rod. As soon as the guide sleeve contacts the outer wall of the furnace during the advance, an axial counterforce exceeds the force of the clamp, so that the sleeve subsequently, i.e. as the impact rod penetrates further into the tap hole channel on the impact rod without impeding further propulsion. However, the sleeve always fulfills a task leading the bumper.

Vorzugsweise läßt sich die Schlagstange in einer Bohrla­fette anordnen und mit einem Schlaghammer kuppeln. Die ohne­hin vorhandene Bohrlafette läßt sich in diesem Fall somit auch zum Einschlagen der Abstichstange verwenden. Beim Rück­hub des Schlaghammers mit der angekuppelten Schlagstange legt sich die Führungsmuffe mit ihrer dem Ofen abgewandten Stirnfläche gegen einen Anschlag der Bohrlafette; beim wei­teren Zurückziehen der Schlagstange wird die Kraft der Klemme der Muffe überwunden und die Schlagstange gleitet durch die Führungsmuffe hindurch, so daß sich die Muffe in der zurückgezogenen Endposition der Schlagstange wieder am vorderen Ende der Stange befindet.The beater bar can preferably be arranged in a drill carriage and coupled with a hammer. In this case, the drill carriage, which is present anyway, can also be used to drive in the tapping rod. During the return stroke of the impact hammer with the coupled impact rod, the guide sleeve lies with its end face facing away from the furnace against a stop of the drill carriage; when the beater bar is pulled back further, the force of the clamp of the sleeve is overcome and the beater bar slides through the guide sleeve, so that the sleeve is in the retracted end position of the beater bar again at the front end of the bar.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeich­nung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels für ein auf eine Schlagstange festgeklemmtes, als Muffe ausgebildetes Füh­rungs- und Verbindungsstück des näheren erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Bohrlafette mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Schlagstange in der Ausgangsstellung vor dem Ein schlagen einer in einem Stichlochkanal eines aus­zugsweise dargestellten Ofens angeordneten Ab­stichstange, als Teilschnitt in der Längsansicht dargestellt,
  • Fig. 2 die mit einer Führungsmuffe bis zur Anlage an der Außenwand des Ofens vorwärtsbewegte Schlagstange gemäß Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 die Schlagstange gemäß Fig. 1 in einer den Ab­stichkanal bis in den Ofen-Innenraum durchdringen­den Betriebsposition,
  • Fig. 4 die nach dem Öffnen des Stichloches in ihre Aus­gangslage zurückgezogene Schlagstange gemäß Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 5 als Einzelheit eine Muffe mit einer Blattfeder als Klemme im Längsschnitt,
  • Fig. 6 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 5 bei ungespannter Blattfeder,
  • Fig. 7 einen Schnitt gemäß Fig. 6 mit eingesteckter Schlagstange und gespannter Blattfeder,
  • Fig. 8 als Einzelheit eine Muffe mit zwei Federstäben als Klemme im Längsschnitt,
  • Fig. 9 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie IX-IX in Fig. 8 bei ungespannten Federstäben, und
  • Fig. 10 einen Schnitt gemäß Fig. 9 mit eingesteckter Schlagstange und gespannten Federstäben.
The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing for a guide and connecting piece of the clamped on a beater bar, designed as a sleeve. The drawing shows:
  • 1 is a drilling mount with a beater bar according to the invention in the starting position before hitting a tapping rod arranged in a tap hole channel of an oven shown in part, shown as a partial section in the longitudinal view,
  • 2 the beater bar moved forward with a guide sleeve until it rests against the outer wall of the furnace according to FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 shows the impact bar according to FIG. 1 the tapping channel to the furnace-interior penetrating in an operating position,
  • 4 shows the beater bar retracted into its initial position after opening the tap hole according to FIG. 1,
  • 5 as a detail a sleeve with a leaf spring as a clamp in longitudinal section,
  • 6 shows a section along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5 with the leaf spring unstressed,
  • 7 shows a section according to FIG. 6 with the impact rod inserted and the leaf spring tensioned, FIG.
  • 8 as a detail a sleeve with two spring bars as a clamp in longitudinal section,
  • Fig. 9 is a section along the line IX-IX in Fig. 8 with untensioned spring bars, and
  • 10 shows a section according to FIG. 9 with the impact rod inserted and tensioned spring bars.

Eine Bohrlafette 1 mit einem in einer Führung gleitbeweg­lich angeordneten, von einem Vorschubmotor 2 bewegten Schlaghammer 3, der über eine Kupplung 4 mit einer Schlag­ stange 5 verbunden ist, befindet sich gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Betriebsstellung vor dem Öffnen eines die Ausmauerung 6 bis in den mit Schmelze 7 gefüllten Innenraum 8 eines Hochofens 9 durchdringenden Abstichkanals 10. Der Abstichkanal 10 ist mit einer Stopfmasse 11 und einer eingebetteten Abstich­stange 12 verschlossen; da die Stopfmasse 11 nach dem Aushärten ein integrierter Bestandteil der Ausmauerung 6 ist, sind die Fig. 2 bis 4 ohne Stopfmasse dargestellt. Die Abstichstange 12 ragt mit ihrem freien Ende aus der Stopf­masse bzw. dem Stichloch nach außen. Auf dem vorderen Ende der in einer Flucht mit der Abstichstange 12 verlaufenden Schlagstange 5 der Bohrlafette 1 ist eine Führungsmuffe 13 mittels einer Klemme 14 festgeklemmt. Die der Abstichstange 12 zugewandte Stirnfläche der Führungsmuffe 13 ist mit einer sich nach innen verjüngenden Zentrierbohrung 15 ver­sehen.A drill carriage 1 with a percussion hammer 3, which is slidably arranged in a guide and moved by a feed motor 2, which, via a coupling 4, with one stroke rod 5 is connected, according to FIG. 1, in an operating position before opening a tapping channel 10 that penetrates the brickwork 6 into the interior 8 of a blast furnace 9 filled with melt 7. The tapping channel 10 has a stuffing material 11 and an embedded tapping rod 12 locked; since the stuffing 11 is an integral part of the lining 6 after curing, FIGS. 2 to 4 are shown without stuffing. The tapping rod 12 projects with its free end out of the stuffing material or the tap hole. On the front end of the striking rod 5 of the drill carriage 1, which is aligned with the tapping rod 12, a guide sleeve 13 is clamped by means of a clamp 14. The end face of the guide sleeve 13 facing the tapping rod 12 is provided with an inwardly tapering center hole 15.

Beim Vorwärtsbewegen des Schlaghammers 3 in Vorschubrich­tung 16 mittels des Motors 2 legt sich die vordere Stirn­fläche der Schlagstange 5 an die Stirnfläche des vorkragen­den Endes der Abstichstange 12; dieses fluchtende Anein­anderlegen der beiden Stangen 5, 12 wird durch die Zentrier­bohrung der das Ende der Abstichstange 12 übergreifenden Führungsmuffe 13 unterstützt. Der Schlaghammer 3, beispiels­weise ein umsteuerbarer, seine Schlagenergie auf die Schlag­stange 5 übertragender, nicht dargestellter Schlagkolben, treibt die Schlagstange 5 und entsprechend die Abstich­stange 12 bei Öffnen des Stichlochs 10 zunehmend weiter in Vorschubrichtung 16 vor.When the percussion hammer 3 is moved forward in the feed direction 16 by means of the motor 2, the front end face of the striking bar 5 lies against the end face of the projecting end of the tapping bar 12; this alignment of the two rods 5, 12 is supported by the centering hole of the guide sleeve 13 which overlaps the end of the tapping rod 12. The percussion hammer 3, for example a reversible percussion piston (not shown) which transmits its impact energy to the percussion rod 5, drives the percussion rod 5 and correspondingly the tapping rod 12 increasingly further in the feed direction 16 when the tap hole 10 is opened.

In der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Vortriebsposition befindet sich die Führungsmuffe 13 in Anlage am Ofen 9; der gestri­chelte Teil der Abstichstange 12 ist bereits in die Schmel­ ze 7 eingeschlagen und weggeschmolzen worden. Aufgrund der Anlage an der Ausmauerung 6 kann sich die Führungsmuffe 13 beim weiteren Vortrieb der Schlagstange 5 nicht mehr vor­wärtsbewegen; es entfällt vielmehr die Wirkung der Klemme 14, und die Schlagstange 5 kann durch die Führungsmuffe 13 hindurchgleiten und die Abstichstange 12 zur Gänze in den Innenraum 8 des Ofens 9 einschlagen. Diese Position mit gestrichelt dargestellter, völlig in die Metallschmelze 7 eingeschlagener Abstichstange 12 ist in Fig. 3 dargestellt.In the advance position shown in FIG. 2, the guide sleeve 13 is in contact with the furnace 9; the dashed part of the tapping rod 12 is already in the melt ze 7 was smashed and melted away. Because of the abutment on the lining 6, the guide sleeve 13 can no longer move forward when the impact rod 5 is advanced; rather, the effect of the clamp 14 is omitted, and the striking rod 5 can slide through the guide sleeve 13 and the tapping rod 12 can completely impact the interior 8 of the furnace 9. This position with the tapping rod 12 shown in dashed lines and completely hammered into the molten metal 7 is shown in FIG. 3.

Durch Umschalten des Vorschubmotors 2 wird der Schlaghammer 3 anschließend in Pfeilrichtung 17 bewegt und zieht die angekuppelte Schlagstange 5 aus dem Stichlochkanal 10 her­aus, bis das Stichloch freigeworden ist, so daß die Schmel­ze 7 in die unterhalb des Kanals angeordnete Abstichrinne 18 ausfließen kann (vgl. Fig. 4). Beim Zurückziehen der Schlagstange 5 in Pfeilrichtung 17 trifft die Führungsmuffe 13 auf einen Anschlag 19, z.B. ein Hitzeschutzschild, der Bohrlafette 1; diese Anschlaglage begrenzt beim weiteren Zu­rückziehen der Schlagstange 5 die Bewegung der Führungs­muffe 13 und überwindet aufgrund der sich einstellenden Gegenkraft die Klemmung, so daß sich die Schlagstange 5 durch die Führungsmuffe 13 hindurchbewegt.By switching the feed motor 2, the impact hammer 3 is then moved in the direction of arrow 17 and pulls the coupled impact rod 5 out of the tap hole channel 10 until the tap hole has become free, so that the melt 7 can flow out into the tapping channel 18 arranged below the channel (cf. Fig. 4). When pulling back the striker 5 in the direction of arrow 17, the guide sleeve 13 hits a stop 19, e.g. a heat shield, the drill carriage 1; this stop position limits the movement of the guide sleeve 13 when the beater bar 5 is retracted and overcomes the clamping due to the counterforce which arises, so that the beater bar 5 moves through the guide sleeve 13.

In der Ausgangslage der Schlagstange 5 gemäß Fig. 4 befin­det sich die Führungsmuffe 13 dann wieder am vorderen Ende der Schlagstange 5; aus dieser Position heraus kann ein neuer Einschlagvorgang gestartet werden.In the starting position of the impact bar 5 according to FIG. 4, the guide sleeve 13 is then again at the front end of the impact bar 5; a new wrapping process can be started from this position.

Bei der in den Fig. 5 bis 7 dargestellten Klemmführung ist in einer Aussparung 29 der Muffe 13 zum Klemmen der Schlag­stange 5 eine sich in Richtung der Längsachse der Schlag­stange 5 erstreckende Blattfeder 21 angeordnet. Wie in Fig. 5 strichpunktiert dargestellt ist, wölbt sich die in der Ausgangslage unbelastete Blattfeder 21 (vgl. Fig. 6) bis in die Durchgangsbohrung 22 der Muffe 13 für die Schlagstange 5 aus. Die Blattfeder 21 wird beim Einführen der Schlagstan­ge 5 in die Bohrung 22 radial beaufschlagt und dabei vorgespannt, so daß sie schließlich die in Fig. 5 durchgezo­gen dargestellte Spannlage einnimmt, in der sie eine Klemm­kraft auf die Schlagstange 5 ausübt.In the clamping guide shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, a leaf spring 21 extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the striking rod 5 is arranged in a recess 29 in the sleeve 13 for clamping the striking rod 5. As in Fig. 5 is shown in dash-dotted lines, the leaf spring 21, which is not loaded in the starting position (see FIG. 6), bulges out into the through bore 22 of the sleeve 13 for the striking rod 5. The leaf spring 21 is acted upon radially when the striker 5 is inserted into the bore 22 and is preloaded so that it finally assumes the tensioned position shown in solid line in FIG. 5, in which it exerts a clamping force on the striker 5.

Die Klemmführung gemäß den Fig. 8 bis 10 besitzt zum Klemmen der Schlagstange 5 zwei in radialen Ausnehmungen 23 der Muffe 13 angeordnete Federstäbe 24, 25. Die Stäbe 24, 25 erstrecken sich quer zur Längsachse der Schlagstange 5 bzw. der Durchgangsbohrung 22 in einer Ebene mit einem Abstand voneinander, der kleiner bemessen ist als der Durch­messer der Bohrung 22 (Fig. 9). Beim Einführen der Schlag­stange 5 in die Bohrung 22 der Muffe 13 werden die Federstä­be 24, 25 von der Schlagstange 5 radial nach außen gedrückt (Fig. 10) und dabei vorgespannt, so daß sie die Schlagstan­ge 5 festklemmen.8 to 10 has two spring rods 24, 25 arranged in radial recesses 23 of the sleeve 13 for clamping the impact rod 5. The rods 24, 25 extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the impact rod 5 or the through bore 22 in one plane at a distance from each other which is smaller than the diameter of the bore 22 (FIG. 9). When the beater bar 5 is inserted into the bore 22 of the sleeve 13, the spring bars 24, 25 are pressed radially outward by the beater bar 5 (FIG. 10) and are preloaded so that they clamp the beater bar 5.

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zum Öffnen eines von einer Stopfmasse und ei­ner Abstichstange verschlossenen Stichlochs von Öfen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abstichstange (12) in den Innenraum (8) des Ofens (9) geschlagen wird.1. A method for opening a tap hole of furnaces closed by a stuffing and a tapping rod, characterized in that the tapping rod (12) is struck into the interior (8) of the furnace (9). 2. Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach An­spruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf dem vorderen Ende der Schlagstange (5) einer Schlagmaschine (1, 3) ein Führungsstück (13) lösbar angeordnet ist.2. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that on the front end of the beater bar (5) of a beating machine (1, 3) a guide piece (13) is detachably arranged. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Führungsstück (13) festgeklemmt ist.3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide piece (13) is clamped. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch eine Muffe (13) mit einer Zentrierbohrung (15) und einer Klemme (14).4. The device according to claim 3, characterized by a sleeve (13) with a center hole (15) and a clamp (14). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, gekennzeichnet durch zumindest eine in der Muffe (13) angeordnete Blattfeder (21).5. The device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by at least one in the sleeve (13) arranged leaf spring (21). 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, gekennzeichnet durch zumindest ein Federstabpaar (24, 25) der Muffe (13).6. The device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by at least one pair of spring rods (24, 25) of the sleeve (13). 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Federstabpaar aus zwei in einer Ebene mit Abstand voneinander angeordneten Federstäben (24, 25) besteht.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the pair of spring rods consists of two spring rods (24, 25) arranged in a plane at a distance from one another. 8. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schlagstange (5) in einer Bohrlafette (1) angeordnet und mit einem Schlaghammer (3) gekuppelt ist.8. The device according to one or more of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the striker (5) in a drill carriage (1) is arranged and coupled with a hammer (3).
EP89100651A 1988-02-06 1989-01-16 Process and apparatus for opening the tap hole of a furnace Expired - Lifetime EP0327833B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3803625 1988-02-06
DE3803625A DE3803625A1 (en) 1988-02-06 1988-02-06 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPENING THE STITCH HOLE OF OEFEN

Publications (2)

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EP0327833A1 true EP0327833A1 (en) 1989-08-16
EP0327833B1 EP0327833B1 (en) 1992-07-22

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US (1) US4960379A (en)
EP (1) EP0327833B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0222408A (en)
KR (1) KR930001005B1 (en)
AU (1) AU603726B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8900501A (en)
CA (1) CA1334336C (en)
DE (2) DE3803625A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2010162T3 (en)

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EP0526685A2 (en) * 1991-03-01 1993-02-10 Degussa Ag Process of semi-continuous smelting of ceramic materials by induction furnaces with skull melting crucible, a furnace therefor and apparatus for periodical tapping
AT407919B (en) * 1998-01-19 2001-07-25 Boehler Pneumatik Internat Gmb PNEUMATICALLY OR HYDRAULICALLY OPERATING HAMMER AND USE OF THE HAMMER TO OPEN OR SEAL A TAP OPENING OF A METALLURGICAL VESSEL
CN103890198A (en) * 2011-09-27 2014-06-25 新日铁住金工程技术株式会社 Blocking/opening method, blocking method and blocking/opening apparatus

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LU87190A1 (en) * 1988-04-06 1989-11-14 Wurth Paul Sa MACHINE FOR DRILLING CASTING HOLES OF A TANK OVEN
NL8902381A (en) * 1989-09-25 1991-04-16 Hoogovens Groep Bv SHAFT OVEN.
NL9000556A (en) * 1990-03-12 1991-10-01 Hoogovens Groep Bv METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CRUDE IRON
FR2664291B1 (en) * 1990-07-05 1992-09-18 Boulonnais Terres Refractaires DEVICE FOR THE RAPID REPAIR OF A BLAST FURNACE CUPBOARD.
LU88060A1 (en) * 1992-01-27 1993-08-17 Paul Wurth S.A. DRILLING MACHINE FOR A CAST HOLE OF A TANK OVEN
FI925647A (en) * 1992-12-11 1994-06-12 Outokumpu Chrome Oy The gas pipe feeder melts into the furnace containing the material
LU88203A1 (en) * 1992-12-16 1994-09-09 Wurth Paul Sa Combined machine for drilling and plugging a tap hole in a shaft furnace
US5979340A (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-11-09 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Pole inserting robotic mechanism for accessing the interior of a harsh enclosure
US6299830B2 (en) 1998-09-22 2001-10-09 Meltran, Inc. Apparatus and method for tapping a furnace
BR112012011988B1 (en) * 2009-11-18 2021-02-09 Xstrata Technology Pty Ltd. method for removing slag from a stationary oven
JP6153092B2 (en) * 2014-08-22 2017-06-28 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Outlet opening machine
DE102016110548B4 (en) 2016-06-08 2018-02-15 Wengeler & Kalthoff Hammerwerke Gmbh & Co Kg Drilling tool for a drilling machine for boring puncture holes of blast furnaces

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0526685A2 (en) * 1991-03-01 1993-02-10 Degussa Ag Process of semi-continuous smelting of ceramic materials by induction furnaces with skull melting crucible, a furnace therefor and apparatus for periodical tapping
EP0526685A3 (en) * 1991-03-01 1995-03-01 Degussa Process of semi-continuous smelting of ceramic materials by induction furnaces with skull melting crucible, a furnace therefor and apparatus for periodical tapping
AT407919B (en) * 1998-01-19 2001-07-25 Boehler Pneumatik Internat Gmb PNEUMATICALLY OR HYDRAULICALLY OPERATING HAMMER AND USE OF THE HAMMER TO OPEN OR SEAL A TAP OPENING OF A METALLURGICAL VESSEL
CN103890198A (en) * 2011-09-27 2014-06-25 新日铁住金工程技术株式会社 Blocking/opening method, blocking method and blocking/opening apparatus
CN103890198B (en) * 2011-09-27 2016-01-13 新日铁住金工程技术株式会社 Inaccessible boring method, occlusive method and inaccessible boring device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0353362B2 (en) 1991-08-14
DE3803625A1 (en) 1989-08-17
AU603726B2 (en) 1990-11-22
DE3803625C2 (en) 1992-05-07
AU2959989A (en) 1990-01-25
US4960379A (en) 1990-10-02
ES2010162T3 (en) 1993-03-16
KR890013448A (en) 1989-09-23
KR930001005B1 (en) 1993-02-12
JPH0222408A (en) 1990-01-25
ES2010162A4 (en) 1989-11-01
CA1334336C (en) 1995-02-14
DE58901856D1 (en) 1992-08-27
BR8900501A (en) 1989-10-03
EP0327833B1 (en) 1992-07-22

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