EP0326190A2 - Apparatus for manufacturing a steel strip having a thickness between 2 and 25 mm - Google Patents

Apparatus for manufacturing a steel strip having a thickness between 2 and 25 mm Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0326190A2
EP0326190A2 EP89104899A EP89104899A EP0326190A2 EP 0326190 A2 EP0326190 A2 EP 0326190A2 EP 89104899 A EP89104899 A EP 89104899A EP 89104899 A EP89104899 A EP 89104899A EP 0326190 A2 EP0326190 A2 EP 0326190A2
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Prior art keywords
thickness
strand
plant according
mold
rollers
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EP89104899A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0326190A3 (en
EP0326190B1 (en
Inventor
Erich Dr.-Ing. Höffken
Hermann Dipl.-Ing. Lax
Günter Dipl.-Ing. Pietzko
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Thyssen Stahl AG
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Thyssen Stahl AG
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Priority claimed from DE19873712537 external-priority patent/DE3712537A1/en
Application filed by Thyssen Stahl AG filed Critical Thyssen Stahl AG
Priority to AT89104899T priority Critical patent/ATE75978T1/en
Priority to EP89104899A priority patent/EP0326190B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2201/00—Special rolling modes
    • B21B2201/14—Soft reduction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2201/00—Special rolling modes
    • B21B2201/18—Vertical rolling pass lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2261/00—Product parameters
    • B21B2261/02—Transverse dimensions
    • B21B2261/04—Thickness, gauge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plant for producing a steel strip with a thickness of 2 to 25 mm by deforming a cast steel strand.
  • a system for producing a steel strip by rolling a cast strand directly from the casting heat is known (PATENT ABSTRACTS 0F JAPAN, Volume 8, No. 210 (M-328) (1647), September 26, 1984; JP-A-59 97 747 (A)).
  • PATENT ABSTRACTS 0F JAPAN, Volume 8, No. 210 (M-328) (1647), September 26, 1984; JP-A-59 97 747 (A) the steel strand emerging from a continuous mold with parallel walls and not yet solidified with its less than 30 mm thick, already hardened strand shells is pressed together until the thickness of the steel strand is twice the thickness of the already hardened strand shell.
  • the processes used in practice for the production of hot-rolled steel strip are generally based on a continuous cast slab, which, after it has completely solidified, is heated again to the rolling temperature and reduced in thickness in several passes and rolled out to form the strip. Because of the considerable thickness of the slabs used, up to nine roll stands are required for this. Plants for the application of such a method entail high investment costs because, on the one hand, the plants require a correspondingly large continuous casting plant, on the other hand, they require a multi-stand hot strip mill, the roughing stands of which have to be correspondingly compact due to the thickness of the slabs to be rolled out.
  • At least one roll stand for a thickness reduction of 5 to 85% is preferably arranged downstream of the shaping device.
  • a cooling device can be arranged between the deformation device and the roll stand.
  • a dense, void-free strand is obtained which is considerably reduced in thickness compared to the steel strand leaving the mold, and which has a fine-grained cast structure over its entire cross section, as is otherwise only the case near a continuous cast steel strand Surface occurs. Because of the small thickness of the steel strand emerging from the funnel-shaped, in particular oscillating mold, and the subsequent reduction in thickness of the not yet solidified Steel strands are easily obtained with a thickness of steel that can be significantly smaller than 25 mm.
  • the various parameters for casting the steel strand on the one hand and for reducing the thickness of the steel strand on the other hand are matched to one another such that the strand shells are sufficiently resistant to withstand the compression of the steel strand without breakthroughs.
  • steel strands When the not yet solidified steel strand of 40 to 50 mm is compressed, steel strands are obtained which have a thickness of 10 to 20 mm. For some applications, such thin steel strands can already be used as strips, without the need for significant deformation during rolling. A degree of deformation of about 5% to improve the surface quality (skin pass) can be sufficient. After appropriate cooling, the strips, which are still slightly deformed in this way, can be coiled. If, however, strips with an even smaller thickness are required, it is provided according to the invention that the deformation device is followed by a cooling device and the cooling device is followed by at least one roll stand. With a system designed in this way, the reduced-thickness cast strand can be cooled to a temperature in the range from 1000 to 1200 ° C.
  • the system according to the invention creates the prerequisites for influencing the cast strand in various ways.
  • the steel strand when reducing the thickness, can be given a profile corresponding to the thickness profile of the finished strip. This measure is important for the invention because when a strip is rolled out, fundamental profile changes are no longer possible in a simple manner.
  • the cast steel strand has a rectangular cross-sectional shape with convexly rounded narrow sides or an oval cross-sectional shape according to one embodiment of the invention. In terms of the device, this can be achieved by rollers which have contoured bales.
  • This shape of the cross section ensures that a strand shell with a uniform thickness is formed during solidification, so that when the steel strand is compressed after exiting the mold in the deformation device, neither cracks in the edge region nor irregularities on the strand surface occur.
  • the casting speed v g and / or the cooling intensity of the mold is controlled in such a way that the cast steel strand has a strand shell with a thickness of 5 to 10 mm when it emerges from the mold.
  • the cooling effective length 1 k (m) of the mold distance between the lower edge of the mold and the casting level
  • the condition 0.05 v g (m / min) less than or equal to 1 k less than or equal to 1 m is satisfied, with the value 0.05 being a dimension component.
  • the solidifying strand is on average sufficient heat, for example withdrawn.
  • the cooling should be so intensive that the inner surface temperature of the mold remains below 400 ° C, in particular between 200 and 400 ° C. In this case it is ensured that a sufficiently thick steel strand is obtained for further processing even after the cast steel strand has been compressed.
  • a strand shell of the mentioned thickness is also resistant enough to withstand the forces occurring in the material when the cast strand is compressed without the formation of cracks.
  • the cast steel strand is reduced in thickness by up to 75% immediately after it leaves the mold.
  • a greater reduction in the strand thickness at this point should, however, be avoided, because otherwise when pulling the strand out of the shaping device such great tensile forces must be applied that cracks can form in the strand surface, which cannot occur even if the strand is subsequently deformed further can be welded again.
  • an oscillating mold 2 which consists of a funnel-shaped upper part and a lower part with cooling walls arranged in parallel, the spacing of which is selected according to the thickness of the strand to be cast.
  • a deformation device 3 by means of which the strand is compressed to a thickness of less than 25 mm, in particular 10-20 mm.
  • the deformation device 3 consists, for example, of cooled plates which continue the broad sides of the mold 2 or a corresponding arrangement of driven pull-out rollers 3a which can be adjusted relative to one another by means of hydraulic cylinders 3b for compressing the cast strand 10.
  • support rollers determining the profile should be assigned to the narrow sides.
  • the diameter d of the pull-out rollers 3a should be between 0.5 m and 1 m, while the distance D of the beginning of the area of attack from the lower edge of the mold 2 should be less than 0.5 m. If a strip profile with elevation, for example in the middle of the strip, is required for further processing, the bales of the pull-out rollers can have a corresponding contour. A strip with such a profile promotes further processing, for example in a cold rolling mill.
  • pull-out rollers with a different profile for example those with bottle-shaped bales, can also be used.
  • the pull-out rollers 3a are followed by a cooling device 4, which can consist of ribbed or lattice-shaped cooled plates 4a.
  • a cooling device which can consist of ribbed or lattice-shaped cooled plates 4a.
  • cooling liquid is sprayed from nozzles 4b between the rods or grids of the plates 4a onto the solidifying strand shell.
  • the cooling device 4 is immediately followed by at least one roll stand 5 which rolls out the cast strand 13.
  • the thickness of the compressed strand is reduced by 5-85%, that is, in the case of a 10 mm strand, the thickness is reduced to a minimum thickness of about 2 mm using the casting heat.
  • a thickness measuring device 12 is arranged behind the first roll stand 5 and determines the thickness profile of the rolled strand 10a over its entire width.
  • the cooling device 4 arranged in front of the roll stand 5 is controlled as a function of the thickness profile determined at this point.
  • deflection rollers 6, a further roll stand 7, a further cooling device 8, a pair of scissors 9 and a reel 11 can be provided for winding up the rolled strip 10b.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Belt Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

In an oscillating open-ended mould, a steel stream of a thickness of 40 to 50 mm is cast at a speed of 5 to 20 m/minute. The steel stream issuing from the open-ended mould and not yet fully solidified is compressed to such an extent that the inner walls of the already solidified stream shell weld together. After the steel stream reduced in its thickness in this way has been cooled to 1000 to 1200 DEG C, the strip is rolled out at a degree of deformation of 5 to 85 %. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Anlage zum Herstellen eines Stahlbandes mit einer Dicke von 2 bis 25 mm durch Verformen eines gegossenen Stahlstranges.The invention relates to a plant for producing a steel strip with a thickness of 2 to 25 mm by deforming a cast steel strand.

Eine Anlage zum Herstellen eines Stahlbandes durch Walzen eines gegossenen Stranges unmittelbar aus der Gießhitze ist bekannt (PATENT ABSTRACTS 0F JAPAN, Band 8, Nr. 210 (M-328) (1647), 26.September 1984; JP-A-59 97 747 (A)). Bei dieser Anlage wird der aus einer Durchlaufkokille mit parallelen Wänden austretende, noch nicht durcherstarrte Stahlstrang mit seinen weniger als 30mm dicken, bereits verfestigten Strangschalen so weit zusammengedrückt, bis die Dicke des Stahlstranges gleich der doppelten Dicke der bereits verfestigten Strangschale ist. Durch diese an sich bekannte Maßnahme, die beim Stranggießen zur Erzielung lunkerfreier Stränge angewandt wird (AT-PS 18 72 51) werden wegen der verhältnismäßig großen Dicke der verfestigten Strangschalen des aus der Kokille austretenden Stahlstranges allerdings nur Bänder mit einer Dicke von 20 bis 50 mm erreicht. Für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungsfällen sind solche Bänder allerdings zu dick. Bänder mit einer Dicke von 20 bis 50 mm lassen sich jedoch in herkömmlichen Kaltwalzwerken nicht bis auf die gewünschte kleinste Dicke von etwa 2 mm herunterwalzen.A system for producing a steel strip by rolling a cast strand directly from the casting heat is known (PATENT ABSTRACTS 0F JAPAN, Volume 8, No. 210 (M-328) (1647), September 26, 1984; JP-A-59 97 747 (A)). In this system, the steel strand emerging from a continuous mold with parallel walls and not yet solidified with its less than 30 mm thick, already hardened strand shells is pressed together until the thickness of the steel strand is twice the thickness of the already hardened strand shell. By this known measure, which is used in continuous casting to achieve void-free strands (AT-PS 18 72 51), because of the relatively large thickness of the solidified strand shells of the steel strand emerging from the mold, however, only strips with a thickness of 20 to 50 mm reached. For a variety of Such applications are too thick, however. However, in conventional cold rolling mills, strips with a thickness of 20 to 50 mm cannot be rolled down to the desired minimum thickness of approximately 2 mm.

Die in der Praxis angewendeten Verfahren zur Herstellung von warmgewalztem Stahlband auch unter 20 mm Dicke gehen in der Regel von einer Stranggußbramme aus, die nach vollständiger Durcherstarrung erneut auf Walztemperatur erwärmt und in mehreren Stichen dickenreduziert und zum Band ausgewalzt wird. Wegen der erheblichen Dicke der eingesetzten Brammen werden hierfür bis zu neun Walzgerüste benötigt. Anlagen zur Anwendung eines derartigen Verfahrens bedingen hohe Investitionskosten, weil die Anlagen einerseits eine entsprechend groß ausgelegte Stranggießanlage voraussetzen, andererseits eine vielgerüstige Warmbandstraße erfordern, deren Vorgerüste wegen der Dicke der auszuwalzenden Brammen entsprechend kompakt gebaut sein müssen.The processes used in practice for the production of hot-rolled steel strip, even with a thickness of less than 20 mm, are generally based on a continuous cast slab, which, after it has completely solidified, is heated again to the rolling temperature and reduced in thickness in several passes and rolled out to form the strip. Because of the considerable thickness of the slabs used, up to nine roll stands are required for this. Plants for the application of such a method entail high investment costs because, on the one hand, the plants require a correspondingly large continuous casting plant, on the other hand, they require a multi-stand hot strip mill, the roughing stands of which have to be correspondingly compact due to the thickness of the slabs to be rolled out.

Um diesen Aufwand zu vermindern, ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden, bei der Herstellung von dünnen Bändern von gegossenem Vorband mit einer Dicke von 20 bis 65 mm auszugehen (DE-OS 32 41 745). Das Herstellen des Vorbandes in der Stranggießanlage erfolgt in üblicher Weise, indem es gekühlt und nach vollständiger Durcherstarrung in Stücke geeigneter Länge unterteilt und zu einem Bund aufgewickelt wird. Zur Vorbereitung auf das anschließende Auswalzen zu dem dünnen Band wird der Bund in einem Zwischenspeicherofen wärmebehandelt und auf eine gleichmäßige Temperatur eingestellt. Das Auswalzen erfolgt in mehreren Stichen. Wegen des notwendigen Zwischenspeicherofens und der Vielzahl der Walzgerüste für das Auswalzen ist der Aufwand zum Walzen von dünnen Bändern nach wie vor groß. Ein weiterer Nachteil bei einem derartigen Auswalzen nach Aufheizen des Bandes besteht darin, daß das Band an der Oberfläche verzundert. Dadurch wird ein einwandfreies Warmwalzen erschwert.In order to reduce this effort, it has already been proposed to start with cast strips with a thickness of 20 to 65 mm in the production of thin strips (DE-OS 32 41 745). The preliminary strip is produced in the continuous casting installation in the usual way by cooling it and, after it has completely solidified, dividing it into pieces of suitable length and winding it up into a bundle. In preparation for the subsequent rolling out into the thin strip, the bundle is heat-treated in an intermediate storage furnace and set to a uniform temperature. Rolling out takes place in several passes. Because of the necessary intermediate storage furnace and the large number of roll stands for rolling out, the effort for rolling thin strips is still great. Another disadvantage of such a rolling out after the strip has been heated up is that the strip scales on the surface. This will make a flawless one Hot rolling made difficult.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Anlage zu schaffen, mit welcher qualitativ hochwertige Stahlbänder mit einer Dicke von 2 bis 25 mm auf einfache Art und Weise hergestellt werden können.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a system with which high-quality steel strips with a thickness of 2 to 25 mm can be produced in a simple manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch:

  • a) eine Stranggießanlage mit einer trichterförmigen, Durchlaufkokille (2) mit gekühlten Wänden, deren Austrittsquerschnitt eine Dicke von 40 bis 50 mm aufweist, und
  • b) eine am Kokillenauslauf angeordnete Verformungs­vorrichtung (3) für den Stahlstrang (10), die den Stahlstrang (10) derart zusammendrückt, daß die inneren Wandungen der bereits verfestigten Strangschale miteinander verschweißen.
This task is solved by:
  • a) a continuous caster with a funnel-shaped, continuous mold (2) with cooled walls, the outlet cross-section of which is 40 to 50 mm thick, and
  • b) a shaping device (3) for the steel strand (10) arranged on the mold outlet, which compresses the steel strand (10) in such a way that the inner walls of the already hardened strand shell weld together.

Vorzugsweise ist der Verformungsvorrichtung mindestens ein Walzgerüst für eine Dickenreduzierung von 5 bis 85 % nachgeordnet. Dabei kann zwischen der Verformungsvorrichtung und dem Walzgerüst eine Kühlvorrichtung angeordnet sein.At least one roll stand for a thickness reduction of 5 to 85% is preferably arranged downstream of the shaping device. A cooling device can be arranged between the deformation device and the roll stand.

Beim Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage erhält man einen dichten, lunkerfreien, in seiner Dicke gegenüber dem die Kokille verlassenden Stahlstrang wesentlich reduzierten Strang, der zudem über seinen gesamten Querschnitt ein für die Weiterverarbeitung feinkörniges Gußgefüge besitzt, wie es sonst bei einem stranggegossenen Stahlstrang nur in der randnahen Oberfläche vorkommt. Wegen der geringen Dicke des aus der trichterförmigen, insbesonders oszillierenden Kokille austretenden Stahlstranges und der anschließenden Dickenreduzierung des noch nicht durcherstarrten Stahlstranges erhält man ohne weiteres Stahlstränge mit einer Dicke, die wesentlich kleiner als 25 mm sein kann.When using the system according to the invention, a dense, void-free strand is obtained which is considerably reduced in thickness compared to the steel strand leaving the mold, and which has a fine-grained cast structure over its entire cross section, as is otherwise only the case near a continuous cast steel strand Surface occurs. Because of the small thickness of the steel strand emerging from the funnel-shaped, in particular oscillating mold, and the subsequent reduction in thickness of the not yet solidified Steel strands are easily obtained with a thickness of steel that can be significantly smaller than 25 mm.

Bei der Erfindung sind die verschiedenen Parameter beim Gießen des Stahlstranges einerseits und bei der Dickenreduktion des Stahlstranges andererseits derart aufeinander abgestimmt, daß die Strangschalen ausreichend widerstandsfähig sind, um das Zusammendrücken des Stahlstranges ohne Durchbrüche aushalten zu können.In the invention, the various parameters for casting the steel strand on the one hand and for reducing the thickness of the steel strand on the other hand are matched to one another such that the strand shells are sufficiently resistant to withstand the compression of the steel strand without breakthroughs.

Beim Zusammendrücken des noch nicht durcherstarrten Stahlstranges von 40 bis 50 mm erhält man Stahlstränge, die eine Dicke von 10 bis 20 mm haben. Für manche Anwendungsfälle sind derart dünne Stahlstränge schon als Bänder verwendbar, ohne daß es noch einer wesentlichen Verformung beim Auswalzen bedarf. Ein Verformungsgrad von etwa 5 % zur Verbesserung der Oberflächenbeschaffenheit (Dressieren) kann ausreichen. Nach entsprechender Kühlung können die derart noch gering verformten Bänder gehaspelt werden. Sofern jedoch Bänder mit einer noch geringeren Dicke verlangt werden, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, daß der Verformungsvorrichtung eine Kühlvorrichtung und der Kühlvorrichtung mindestens ein Walzgerüst nachgeordnet sind. Mit einer derart ausgestalteten Anlage läßt sich der dickenreduzierte Gußstrang durch Aufsprühen eines Kühlmediums auf die Strangoberfläche auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von 1000 bis 1200° C abkühlen und der derart abgekühlte Gußstrang unter Ausnutzung der Gießhitze in mindestens einem Stich mit einem Verformungsgrad von 5 bis 85 % zu einem Band auswalzen. Durch dieses Auswalzen lassen sich kleinste Endabmessungen bis zu etwa 2 mm erreichen. Die Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens für die Herstellung von Stahlbändern selbst solcher kleinsten Dicken ist kostengünstig, da das Herstellungsverfahren keine großen Anlagen mit Warmhalteöfen und viele Walzgerüste mit entsprechendem Energiebedarf erfordert.When the not yet solidified steel strand of 40 to 50 mm is compressed, steel strands are obtained which have a thickness of 10 to 20 mm. For some applications, such thin steel strands can already be used as strips, without the need for significant deformation during rolling. A degree of deformation of about 5% to improve the surface quality (skin pass) can be sufficient. After appropriate cooling, the strips, which are still slightly deformed in this way, can be coiled. If, however, strips with an even smaller thickness are required, it is provided according to the invention that the deformation device is followed by a cooling device and the cooling device is followed by at least one roll stand. With a system designed in this way, the reduced-thickness cast strand can be cooled to a temperature in the range from 1000 to 1200 ° C. by spraying a cooling medium onto the strand surface, and the cast strand cooled in this way can be used in at least one pass with a degree of deformation of 5 to 85% using the casting heat. roll out into a tape. This rolling out enables the smallest final dimensions of up to approximately 2 mm to be achieved. The application of the method according to the invention for the production of steel strips even of such smallest thicknesses is cost-effective since the production method does not require large plants with holding furnaces and many roll stands with the corresponding energy requirements.

Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage schafft die Voraussetzung dafür, verfahrensmäßig auf verschiedene Art und Weise auf den Gußstrang einzuwirken.The system according to the invention creates the prerequisites for influencing the cast strand in various ways.

So läßt sich bei der Dickenreduzierung dem Stahlstrang ein dem Dickenprofil des Fertigbandes entsprechendes Profil geben. Diese Maßnahme ist für die Erfindung von Bedeutung, weil beim Auswalzen eines Bandes grundsätzliche Profiländerungen auf einfache Art und Weise nicht mehr möglich sind.Thus, when reducing the thickness, the steel strand can be given a profile corresponding to the thickness profile of the finished strip. This measure is important for the invention because when a strip is rolled out, fundamental profile changes are no longer possible in a simple manner.

Zur Vermeidung von Oberflächenfehlern ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der gegossene Stahlstrang gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung eine rechteckige Querschnittsform mit konvex gerundeten Schmalseiten oder eine ovale Querschnittsform aufweist. Vorrichtungsmäßig läßt sich dies durch Rollen verwirklichen, die konturierte Ballen haben. Durch diese Formgebung des Querschnittes wird gewährleistet, daß bei der Erstarrung eine Strangschale mit gleichmäßiger Dicke entsteht, so daß beim Zusammendrücken des Stahlstranges nach Austritt aus der Kokille in der Verformungsvorrichtung weder Risse im Randbereich noch Unregelmäßigkeiten an der Strangoberfläche auftreten.To avoid surface defects, it is particularly advantageous if the cast steel strand has a rectangular cross-sectional shape with convexly rounded narrow sides or an oval cross-sectional shape according to one embodiment of the invention. In terms of the device, this can be achieved by rollers which have contoured bales. This shape of the cross section ensures that a strand shell with a uniform thickness is formed during solidification, so that when the steel strand is compressed after exiting the mold in the deformation device, neither cracks in the edge region nor irregularities on the strand surface occur.

Es hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Gießgeschwindigkeit vg und/oder die Kühlintensität der Kokille derart geregelt wird, daß der gegossene Stahlstrang bei Austritt aus der Kokille eine Strangschale mit einer Dicke von 5 bis 10 mm aufweist. Dies läßt sich erreichen, wenn die abkühlwirksame Länge 1k (m) der Kokille (Abstand zwischen Kokillenunterkante und Gießspiegel) so bemessen ist, daß die Bedingung 0,05 vg (m/min) kleiner/gleich 1k kleiner/gleich 1 m erfüllt ist, wobei der Wert 0,05 eine dimensionsbehaftete Komponente ist. Unter dieser Bedingung wird dem erstarrenden Strang im Mittel ausreichend Wärme, z.B. etwa

Figure imgb0001
entzogen. Dabei sollte die Kühlung so intensiv sein, daß die Innenoberflächentemperatur der Kokille unter 400°C, insbesondere zwischen 200 und 400°C bleibt. In diesem Fall ist gewährleistet, daß auch nach dem Zusammendrücken des gegossenen Stahlstrangs ein ausreichend dicker Stahlstrang für die Weiterverarbeitung erhalten wird. Eine Strangschale der genannten Dicke ist auch widerstandsfähig genug, um die beim Zusammendrücken des Gußstranges im Material auftretenden Kräfte ohne Bildung von Rissen aushalten zu können.It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the casting speed v g and / or the cooling intensity of the mold is controlled in such a way that the cast steel strand has a strand shell with a thickness of 5 to 10 mm when it emerges from the mold. This can be achieved if the cooling effective length 1 k (m) of the mold (distance between the lower edge of the mold and the casting level) is dimensioned such that the condition 0.05 v g (m / min) less than or equal to 1 k less than or equal to 1 m is satisfied, with the value 0.05 being a dimension component. Under this condition, the solidifying strand is on average sufficient heat, for example
Figure imgb0001
 withdrawn. The cooling should be so intensive that the inner surface temperature of the mold remains below 400 ° C, in particular between 200 and 400 ° C. In this case it is ensured that a sufficiently thick steel strand is obtained for further processing even after the cast steel strand has been compressed. A strand shell of the mentioned thickness is also resistant enough to withstand the forces occurring in the material when the cast strand is compressed without the formation of cracks.

Im Hinblick auf eine ausreichend große Gießgeschwindigkeit hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn der gegossene Stahlstrang unmittelbar nach dem Austritt aus der Kokille um bis zu 75 % dickenreduziert wird. Eine größere Reduzierung der Strangdicke an dieser Stelle sollte jedoch vermieden werden, weil anderenfalls beim Ausziehen des Stranges aus der Verformungsvorrichtung derart große Zugkräfte aufgewendet werden müssen, daß es zur Bildung von Rissen in der Strangoberfläche kommen kann, die auch bei nachfolgender weiterer Verformung des Stranges nicht wieder verschweißt werden können.With regard to a sufficiently high casting speed, it has proven to be advantageous if the cast steel strand is reduced in thickness by up to 75% immediately after it leaves the mold. A greater reduction in the strand thickness at this point should, however, be avoided, because otherwise when pulling the strand out of the shaping device such great tensile forces must be applied that cracks can form in the strand surface, which cannot occur even if the strand is subsequently deformed further can be welded again.

Um die Wirkung der Ausziehkräfte der angetriebenen Ausziehrollen in ertragbaren Grenzen zu halten, sollte unter Berücksichtigung des Abstandes des Anfangs des Eingriffsbereichs des Ausziehrollenpaares von der Unterkante der Kokille und der Ausziehgeschwindigkeit dafür Sorge getragen werden, daß die die Strangschalen beanspruchende Dehnung (ε) im noch nicht zusammengedrückten Strangbereich 1 % nicht überschreitet. Dies läßt sich vor allem mit Andrückrollen erreichen, deren Durchmesser zwischen 0,5 und 1 m liegt, und bei einem Abstand des Anfangs des Eingriffsbereichs von der Unterkante der Kokille von kleiner 0,5 m. Darüber hinaus läßt sich auch durch Verminderung der Oberflächenreibung durch Schmierung oder Oberflächengestaltung die Wirkung der Ausziehkräfte reduzieren.In order to keep the effect of the pull-out forces of the driven pull-out rollers within tolerable limits, taking into account the distance of the start of the engagement area of the pull-out roller pair from the lower edge of the mold and the pull-out speed, care should be taken to ensure that the elongation (ε) stressing the strand shells is not yet compressed strand area does not exceed 1%. This can be achieved especially with pressure rollers whose diameter is between 0.5 and 1 m, and at a distance of the beginning of the engagement area from the lower edge of the mold of less than 0.5 m. In addition, the effect of the extraction forces can also be reduced by reducing the surface friction through lubrication or surface design.

Da beim Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage vor dem Walzgerüst kein Temperaturausgleich des gegossenen Strangmaterials durchgeführt wird, ist es besonders wesentlich, daß der Stahlstrang derart abgekühlt wird, daß er eine über den Querschnitt gleichmäßige Temperatur erhält. Da das Umformverhalten des Stahls stark von der Temperatur abhängt, ergeben sich nämlich bei ungleichmäßiger Temperaturverteilung des Vorbandes am fertigen Band Bereiche unterschiedlicher Dicke. Aus diesem Grund ist gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung vorgesehen, hinter dem Walzgerüst das Dickenprofil des gewalzten Bandes kontinuierlich zu messen, den Meßwert mit einem Sollprofil zu vergleichen und, sofern Abweichungen des Ist- vom Soll-Profil festgestellt werden, die Kühlmittelzufuhr der über die Breite des Bandes vor dem Walzgerüst angeordneten Kühlmitteldüsen entsprechend nachzuregeln.Since, when using the system according to the invention, no temperature compensation of the cast strand material is carried out in front of the roll stand, it is particularly important that the steel strand is cooled in such a way that it receives a temperature which is uniform over the cross section. Since the forming behavior of the steel strongly depends on the temperature, areas with different thicknesses arise when the pre-strip is unevenly distributed on the finished strip. For this reason, it is provided according to a further proposal of the invention to continuously measure the thickness profile of the rolled strip behind the roll stand, to compare the measured value with a target profile and, if deviations of the actual profile from the target profile are determined, the coolant supply via the Readjust the width of the strip in front of the roll stand arranged coolant nozzles accordingly.

Es ist auf diese Weise möglich, die Temperatur des Gußstranges in sehr geringen Grenzen konstant zu halten und über seine Breite eine gleichmäßige Temperatur einzustellen, so daß nach dem Walzvorgang ein über die Breite maßgenaues Dickenprofil erhalten wird.In this way it is possible to keep the temperature of the cast strand constant within very small limits and to set a uniform temperature over its width, so that a thickness profile that is dimensionally accurate across the width is obtained after the rolling process.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage sind in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet.Further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention and the system according to the invention are characterized in the claims.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Anlage zum Herstellen eines Stahlbandes schematisch darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens in Seitenansicht und
  • Fig. 2 ein Detail der Anlage gemäß Fig. 1 im Bereich zwischen einer Kokille zum Stranggießen und einer Verformungseinrichtung in zur Fig. 1 vergrößerter Darstellung.
In the following, the invention is based on an exemplary embodiment of a system for producing a Steel strip schematically illustrating drawing explained. In detail show:
  • Fig. 1 shows a plant for performing the method in side view and
  • Fig. 2 shows a detail of the system of FIG. 1 in the area between a mold for continuous casting and a deformation device in an enlarged view to FIG. 1.

Aus einem Tundish 1 fließt schmelzflüssiger Stahl in eine oszillierende Kokille 2, die aus einem trichterförmigen Oberteil und einem Unterteil mit parallel angeordneten gekühlten Wänden besteht, deren Abstand entsprechend der Dicke des zu gießenden Stranges gewählt wird. Unmittelbar am Kokillenauslauf befindet sich eine Verformungsvorrichtung 3, durch die der Strang auf eine Dicke von unter 25 mm, insbesondere 10 - 20 mm zusammengedrückt wird. Die Verformungsvorrichtung 3 besteht beispielsweise aus gekühlten, die Breitseiten der Kokille 2 fortsetzenden Platten oder einer entsprechenden Anordnung von angetriebenen Ausziehrollen 3a, welche für das Zusammendrücken des Gußstranges 10 mittels hydraulischer Zylinder 3b gegeneinander verstellbar sind. Im Bereich der Ausziehrollen 3a sollten den Schmalseiten profilbestimmende Stützrollen zugeordnet sein. Der Durchmesser d der Ausziehrollen 3a sollte zwischen 0,5 m und 1 m liegen, während der Abstand D des Anfangs des Angriffsbereichs von der Unterkante der Kokille 2 kleiner als 0,5 m sein sollte. Sofern für die Weiterverarbeitung ein Bandprofil mit Überhöhung, beispielsweise in der Bandmitte gefordert wird, können die Ballen der Ausziehrollen eine entsprechende Kontur haben. Ein Band mit einem solchen Profil begünstigt die Weiterverarbeitung zum Beispiel in einem Kaltwalzwerk.Molten steel flows from a tundish 1 into an oscillating mold 2, which consists of a funnel-shaped upper part and a lower part with cooling walls arranged in parallel, the spacing of which is selected according to the thickness of the strand to be cast. Immediately at the mold outlet there is a deformation device 3, by means of which the strand is compressed to a thickness of less than 25 mm, in particular 10-20 mm. The deformation device 3 consists, for example, of cooled plates which continue the broad sides of the mold 2 or a corresponding arrangement of driven pull-out rollers 3a which can be adjusted relative to one another by means of hydraulic cylinders 3b for compressing the cast strand 10. In the area of the pull-out rollers 3a, support rollers determining the profile should be assigned to the narrow sides. The diameter d of the pull-out rollers 3a should be between 0.5 m and 1 m, while the distance D of the beginning of the area of attack from the lower edge of the mold 2 should be less than 0.5 m. If a strip profile with elevation, for example in the middle of the strip, is required for further processing, the bales of the pull-out rollers can have a corresponding contour. A strip with such a profile promotes further processing, for example in a cold rolling mill.

Aber auch anders profilierte Ausziehrollen, beispielsweise solche mit flaschenförmigen Ballen, lassen sich verwenden.However, pull-out rollers with a different profile, for example those with bottle-shaped bales, can also be used.

Den Ausziehrollen 3a ist eine Kühlvorrichtung 4 nachgeordnet, die aus rippen- oder gitterförmigen gekühlten Platten 4a bestehen kann. Bei einer solchen Kühlvorrichtung wird aus Düsen 4b Kühlflüssigkeit zwischen den Stäben beziehungsweise Gittern der Platten 4a auf die erstarrende Strangschale gesprüht.The pull-out rollers 3a are followed by a cooling device 4, which can consist of ribbed or lattice-shaped cooled plates 4a. In such a cooling device, cooling liquid is sprayed from nozzles 4b between the rods or grids of the plates 4a onto the solidifying strand shell.

Der Kühlvorrichtung 4 ist mindestens ein Walzgerüst 5 unmittelbar nachgeordnet, das den Gußstrang 13 auswalzt. Im Walzgerüst 5 erfolgt unter Ausnutzung der Gießhitze eine Dickenreduktion des zusammengedrückten Stranges um 5 - 85 %, das heißt bei einem 10 mm dicken Strang eine Dickenreduzierung bis auf eine kleinste Dicke von etwa 2 mm.The cooling device 4 is immediately followed by at least one roll stand 5 which rolls out the cast strand 13. In the rolling stand 5, the thickness of the compressed strand is reduced by 5-85%, that is, in the case of a 10 mm strand, the thickness is reduced to a minimum thickness of about 2 mm using the casting heat.

Hinter dem ersten Walzgerüst 5 ist eine Dickenmeßeinrichtung 12 angeordnet, die das Dickenprofil des gewalzten Stranges 10a über dessen gesamte Breite ermittelt. In Abhängigkeit von dem an dieser Stelle ermittelten Dickenprofil wird die vor dem Walzgerüst 5 angeordnete Kühlvorrichtung 4 gesteuert.A thickness measuring device 12 is arranged behind the first roll stand 5 and determines the thickness profile of the rolled strand 10a over its entire width. The cooling device 4 arranged in front of the roll stand 5 is controlled as a function of the thickness profile determined at this point.

Hinter der Dickenmeßeinrichtung 12 können Umlenkrollen 6, ein weiteres Walzgerüst 7, eine weitere Kühlvorrichtung 8, eine Schere 9 und eine Haspel 11 zum Aufwickeln des ausgewalzten Bandes 10b vorgesehen sein.Downstream of the thickness measuring device 12, deflection rollers 6, a further roll stand 7, a further cooling device 8, a pair of scissors 9 and a reel 11 can be provided for winding up the rolled strip 10b.

Claims (8)

1. Anlage zum Herstellen eines Stahlbandes mit einer Dicke von 2 bis 25 mm durch Verformen eines gegossenen Stahlstranges, gekennzeichnet durch a) eine Stranggießanlage mit einer trichterförmigen, Durchlaufkokille (2) mit gekühlten Wänden, deren Austrittsquerschnitt eine Dicke von 40 bis 50 mm aufweist, und b) eine am Kokillenauslauf angeordnete Verformungs­vorrichtung (3) für den Stahlstrang (10), die den Stahlstrang (10) derart zusammendrückt, daß die inneren Wandungen der bereits verfestigten Strangschale miteinander verschweißen. 1. Plant for producing a steel strip with a thickness of 2 to 25 mm by deforming a cast steel strand, characterized by a) a continuous caster with a funnel-shaped, continuous mold (2) with cooled walls, the outlet cross-section of which is 40 to 50 mm thick, and b) a shaping device (3) for the steel strand (10) arranged on the mold outlet, which compresses the steel strand (10) in such a way that the inner walls of the already hardened strand shell weld together. 2. Anlage nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verformungsvorrichtung (3) mindestens ein Walzgerüst (5) für eine Dickenreduzierung von 5 - 85 % nachgeordnet ist.2. Plant according to claim 1,
characterized in that the shaping device (3) is followed by at least one roll stand (5) for a thickness reduction of 5-85%. 3. Anlage nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Verformungsvorrichtung (3) und dem Walzgerüst (5) eine Kühlvorrichtung (4) angeordnet ist.3. Plant according to claim 2,
characterized in that a cooling device (4) is arranged between the shaping device (3) and the roll stand (5). 4. Anlage nach Anspruch 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verformungsvorrichtung (3) aus hydraulisch gegeneinander verstellbaren Rollen (3a) besteht.4. Plant according to claim 1 to 3,
characterized in that the deformation device (3) consists of hydraulically adjustable rollers (3a). 5. Anlage nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rollen (3a) konturierte Ballen haben.5. Plant according to claim 4,
characterized in that the rollers (3a) have contoured bales. 6. Anlage nach Anspruch 4 oder 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rollen (3a) einen Durchmesser (d) haben, der der Bedingung 0,5 m kleiner/gleich d kleiner/gleich 1 m genügt.6. Plant according to claim 4 or 5,
characterized in that the rollers (3a) have a diameter (d) which satisfies the condition 0.5 m less than or equal to d less than or equal to 1 m. 7. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Beginn des Eingriffs (A) der Rollen (3a) von der Unterkante der Durchlaufkokille (2) einen Abstand D kleiner/gleich 0,5 m hat.7. Plant according to one of claims 4 to 6,
characterized in that the start of the engagement (A) of the rollers (3a) from the lower edge of the continuous mold (2) has a distance D of less than or equal to 0.5 m. 8. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlvorrichtung (4) aus zwei die Breitseiten der Durchlauf­kokille (2) fortsetzenden Gitterrosten (4a) besteht, in deren offenen Feldern Kühlmitteldüsen (4b) angeordnet sind.8. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that the cooling device (4) consists of two grids (4a) continuing the broad sides of the continuous mold (2), in the open fields of which coolant nozzles (4b) are arranged.
EP89104899A 1987-04-13 1988-03-18 Apparatus for manufacturing a steel strip having a thickness between 2 and 25 mm Expired - Lifetime EP0326190B1 (en)

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EP89104899A EP0326190B1 (en) 1987-04-13 1988-03-18 Apparatus for manufacturing a steel strip having a thickness between 2 and 25 mm

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DE19873712537 DE3712537A1 (en) 1987-04-13 1987-04-13 Method for the production of a steel strip
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EP0662357A1 (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-07-12 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method of and device for operating a continuous casting installation
US5511606A (en) * 1993-11-12 1996-04-30 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method and arrangement for operating a continuous casting plant
WO1995015233A1 (en) * 1993-12-01 1995-06-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Continuous casting and rolling plant for steel strip, and a control system for such a plant
US6044895A (en) * 1993-12-21 2000-04-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Continuous casting and rolling system including control system
EP0707908A4 (en) * 1994-04-04 1997-05-02 Nippon Steel Corp Twin-roll type continuous casting method and device
US5901777A (en) * 1994-04-04 1999-05-11 Nippon Steel Corporation Twin-roll continuous casting method
EP0745444A1 (en) * 1995-05-27 1996-12-04 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method and installation for producing thin slabs or sheets of steel
WO2004065030A1 (en) * 2003-01-22 2004-08-05 Sms Demag Aktiengsellschaft Method and device for producing continuously cast steel slabs
US7137437B2 (en) 2003-01-22 2006-11-21 Sms Demag Ag Method and device for producing continuously cast steel slabs

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Publication number Publication date
JPS63264250A (en) 1988-11-01
ATE75978T1 (en) 1992-05-15
EP0286862A1 (en) 1988-10-19
EP0326190A3 (en) 1989-11-08
DE3871125D1 (en) 1992-06-17
ES2032620T3 (en) 1993-02-16
JP2738934B2 (en) 1998-04-08
US5058656A (en) 1991-10-22
ATE75977T1 (en) 1992-05-15
ES2031945T3 (en) 1993-01-01
US4951734A (en) 1990-08-28
EP0326190B1 (en) 1992-05-13
CA1311904C (en) 1992-12-29
EP0286862B1 (en) 1992-05-13
BR8801733A (en) 1988-11-16
DE3870970D1 (en) 1992-06-17

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