EP0322325B1 - Machine for working up leather - Google Patents

Machine for working up leather Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0322325B1
EP0322325B1 EP88420428A EP88420428A EP0322325B1 EP 0322325 B1 EP0322325 B1 EP 0322325B1 EP 88420428 A EP88420428 A EP 88420428A EP 88420428 A EP88420428 A EP 88420428A EP 0322325 B1 EP0322325 B1 EP 0322325B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roller
rotation
cradle
axis
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88420428A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0322325A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Paul Albert Chalton
Jean-Claude Gille
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercier Freres SA
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Mercier Freres SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mercier Freres SA filed Critical Mercier Freres SA
Priority to AT88420428T priority Critical patent/ATE75263T1/en
Publication of EP0322325A1 publication Critical patent/EP0322325A1/en
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Publication of EP0322325B1 publication Critical patent/EP0322325B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B68—SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY
    • B68G—METHODS, EQUIPMENT, OR MACHINES FOR USE IN UPHOLSTERING; UPHOLSTERY NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B68G3/00—Treating materials to adapt them specially as upholstery filling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
    • C14B1/02—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather
    • C14B1/04—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather using slicking, scraping, or smoothing-out cylinders or blades fixed on supports, e.g. cylinders, in a plane substantially at right angles to the working surface
    • C14B1/06—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather using slicking, scraping, or smoothing-out cylinders or blades fixed on supports, e.g. cylinders, in a plane substantially at right angles to the working surface in machines in which the working piece is maintained in contact with the working tools solely by means of rolls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B17/00—Details of apparatus or machines for manufacturing or treating skins, hides, leather, or furs
    • C14B17/10—Arrangements for driving parts of leather-working machines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of tanning or working skins and it relates, more particularly, to winding, stretching, unwinding machines or other similar machines.
  • Such machines are generally intended for flattening tanned hides, so as to provide stretching to gain transformable useful surface. Such work is carried out on each skin in the wet state.
  • the machines designed to assume the above function generally comprise a frame supporting a working cylinder with helical blades, in a fixed position, generally horizontal driven in rotation at a determined constant speed.
  • a frame also supports an upper cradle carrying a driving cylinder rotated by a motor member and responsible for scrolling a lining, made of felt, assuming a wringing function and against which the skin to be worked is pressed.
  • the frame also supports a lower cradle carrying a transport cylinder on which a working skin is placed, when the transport cylinder occupies a position, called the opening position, being distant from the working cylinder and the driving cylinder.
  • the lower cradle is associated with relative pivoting drive members capable of passing it from the first open position to a closed position in which the transport cylinder is brought into docking at least with the drive cylinder responsible for scrolling. the skin supported between the transport cylinder and the work cylinder.
  • the machines of the above type include, as a driving member, generally an electric motor associated with a double outlet outlet ensuring the direct rotation drive, simultaneously of the driving cylinder and the conveying cylinder.
  • the skins thus worked have marks or marks of cleavages which are detrimental to the proper subsequent use of the skin and, in particular, to the production of high quality articles. There are several reasons for such brands due to the structure of these machines.
  • the first is that the cradle, supporting the transport cylinder, is moved relatively from the open position to the closed position by making an angular displacement of partial opening, generally less than 45 °, bringing the transport cylinder into docking according to a intersecting path to the driving cylinder and the working cylinder.
  • the driving movement of the cradle is, in general, ensured by a transmission system of the connecting rod-crank type, with knuckles, urging the cradle in a displacement stroke at a speed imposed by the mechanical device used, but not optimized for required work.
  • the ensuing docking can be described as brutal producing a marking effect of the skin undergoing a high pressure between the transport cylinder and at least the drive cylinder, due to the take-up, by the inertia of the cradle, of the sets of the transmission of the rod-crank type to knee pads.
  • the transport cylinder is generally provided with an elastomer coating, while the drive cylinder is provided with a coating, based on felt, representing , either a direct envelope, or an endless band.
  • the patent FR 1 052 911 on which the first part of claim 1 is based recommends a provision aiming to arrange the pivot axis of the cradle so that, on the one hand, the geometric axis, joining said axis to the axis of rotation of the conveying cylinder, make with the horizontal, in the open position of the movable assembly, an angle less than 45 ° and that, on the other hand, the axis of rotation of said cylinder is moved during the closing movement of the moving part, in an upward movement along a circular geometrical location segment located between the working cylinder and the opening.
  • the present invention aims to reduce the above disadvantage, prohibitive for obtaining fragile skins of very good quality, by recommending a new machine structure making it possible, if not to remove, at least to significantly reduce the marks or effects of cleavages imposed on a skin during the landing stroke of the transporting cylinder against the group formed by the driving cylinder and the working cylinder.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective of a machine for working the skins, according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross section taken, on a larger scale, substantially along the plane II-II of FIG. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 is a cross section similar to FIG. 2 , illustrating another characteristic position of some of the components of the machine.
  • Figs. 4 and 4 a are schematic views highlighting one of the constructive characteristics of some of the constituent elements of the machine, by comparison with the prior art.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating, on a larger scale, another constructive characteristic of the machine.
  • Fig. 6 is an exploded diagrammatic view of the constituent parts of the machine illustrating a particular constructive characteristic.
  • the working machine comprises a frame 1 constituted by lateral frames 2 connected together by spacer beams 3 .
  • the frame 1 is completed by a fairing 4 delimiting, on the front 5 , an opening 6 for loading and unloading provided with a feeding table 7 .
  • the opening 6 extends horizontally and has a low height H compared to its useful width L.
  • the frame 1 supports, by bearings 8 , the axis of rotation A9 of a working cylinder 9 extending horizontally, substantially in the horizontal median plane of the opening 6 .
  • the working cylinder 9 is of the type with helical blades, preferably organized in two series of opposite winding directions, connecting in the manner of rafters in a median transverse plane of the cylinder 9 . It must be considered that the axis A9 can be defined by journals integral with the cylinder 9 or by a shaft carrying the latter.
  • the cylinder 9 is moved in rotation at constant speed by means of a suitable drive member, such as that designated by the reference 10 in FIG. 6 .
  • the frame 1 also supports a cradle 11 defined as being greater than the working cylinder 9 .
  • the cradle 11 comprises two arms 12 joined by one or more spacers 13 to form a unitary assembly mounted, by means of pins 14 , so as to be able to oscillate in one or the other of the directions of the arrow f1 .
  • the ends of the arms 12 directed opposite the window 6 are adapted to the movable members of jacks 15 capable of being supplied to control the pivoting of the cradle 11 according to the arrow f1 over a maximum amplitude determined by a double stop 16 .
  • the arms 12 carry bearings 17 supporting the axis of rotation A18 of a driving cylinder 18 extending parallel and above the working cylinder 9 and rotated by means of d 'a motor unit 19 (fig. 6) .
  • the driving cylinder 18 is associated with a spin felt fur which can be constituted by a lining directly coating the cylinder 18 or by an endless belt surrounding the latter as well as a cylinder or deflection roller 20 , for example, concentric at frame 13 .
  • the arms 12 are shaped so that the axis A18 of the cylinder 18 is located in front of a vertical plane PP ′ passing through the axis of rotation A9 of the working cylinder 9 , in consideration of the loading-unloading opening 6 .
  • the frame 1 supports, moreover, a movable assembly 21 lower than the working cylinder 9 and comprising a cradle 22 supporting the axis of rotation A23 of a transport cylinder 23 extending horizontally between the PP ′ plane and the loading-unloading opening 6 .
  • the cradle 22 is constituted by two arms 24 , preferably joined by a spacer frame 25 and supporting, by bearings 26 , the axis of rotation A23 .
  • the arms 24 are mounted in rotation on a pivot axis 27 which is carried by the frame 1 .
  • the movable element 21 is associated with drive means 28 capable of moving it from an open position as illustrated in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 in which the transport cylinder 23 is at least brought into contact with the drive cylinder 18 .
  • the transport cylinder 23 is rotated by a motor 29 (fig. 6) which can be a two-way rotation.
  • the pivot axis 27 is arranged to be located behind the plane PP ′ with respect to the opening 6 .
  • the means 28 are organized so as to keep the assembly 21 in an open position such that the geometric axis G1 joining the axis of rotation A23 to the pivot axis 27 , does, with respect to a horizontal reference plane P1 passing through the pivot axis A27 , an angle ⁇ less than 45 ° and, preferably, close to 30 °.
  • the length of the axis G1 is, moreover, determined so that the axis of rotation A23 is moved, during the travel from the open position to the closed position of the moving element 21 , according to a movement ascending along a circular geometric location C located between the working cylinder 9 and the loading-unloading opening 6 .
  • the structural arrangement makes it possible to move the mobile assembly 21 from the open position, shown schematically in solid lines in FIG. 4 , to a closed position shown in phantom.
  • the transport cylinder 23 follows the path C and is thus brought into mating contact, substantially tangential, more particularly with the working cylinder 9 .
  • This arrangement makes it possible to reduce the linear contact pressure at closure between the cylinders and to reduce, or even eliminate, the cleavage marks which are usually imprinted on a skin p , when the stroke of the moving assembly, from the position opening to the closed position, takes place as shown in fig. 4 a illustrating, in a comparative manner, the usual structural arrangements of the prior art.
  • the means 28 for pivotally driving the movable assembly 21 , from the open position according to FIG. 2 , in the closed position according to FIG. 3 , and vice versa, are constituted by at least one cam 30 and, preferably, two linked in rotation by a spacer shaft 31 carried by the frame 1 .
  • the shaft 31 is driven in alternating rotation by means of a motor 32 (fig. 6) .
  • the cams 30 are intended to cooperate, by raceways 33 , with two rollers 34 which are mounted free to rotate on the frame 25 of the cradle 22 .
  • the means 28 are carried by the frame, so that the rotary drive shaft 31 is located below the frame 25 .
  • the two cams 30 are executed, as shown in FIG. 5 , so as to comprise a first raceway segment 331 covering an angular range ⁇ 1 of increasing radii.
  • the angular range ⁇ 1 corresponds to a drive stroke in rapid approach of the movable assembly 21 towards the closed position.
  • the cams 30 are also traced so that the raceway 33 includes, following and in the continuity of the segment 331 , a second segment 332 covering an angular range ⁇ 2 of radii also increasing, but according to a lower growth law to that of the rays defining the range ⁇ 1 .
  • the range ⁇ 2 solicits the moving element 21 in slow landing travel relative to the group of cylinders 18 and 9 .
  • the cams 30 are, moreover, executed so as to comprise, following and in the extension of the raceway segment 332 , a raceway segment 333 defined by a constant radius centered on the axis of the shaft rotational drive 31 .
  • the segment 333 covers an angular range ⁇ 3 corresponding to a possible compensation stroke for alignment of the cradle 22 in the docking and locking position of said cradle in this closed position.
  • the angular amplitude of the range ⁇ 3 is determined, so as to allow the first locking function, but also the compensation function alignment, or games introduced in the various articulated cooperating systems, that is to say the movable assembly 21 and the means 28 , or, again, precise angular alignment between the cams 30 .
  • the means 28 for pivotally driving the movable assembly 21 allow the cradle 22 to be subjected to a first rapid approach phase followed by a slow docking phase.
  • This docking phase slow relative to that generated by the usual rod-crank control systems, also makes it possible to reduce the markings or cleavages of a skin.
  • Fig. 5 shows that it is also advantageous to mount the pivot axis 27 of the movable assembly 21 on an eccentric 40 capable of being adjusted by means of a control 41 accessible on the front of the machine.
  • the adjustment of the eccentric 40 by the control 41 , makes it possible, in combination with the presence of the concentric segments 333 , to adjust the docking position of the transport cylinder 23 relative to the working cylinder 9 as a function of the intensity of the desired effect on the skin and / or of the wear of the blades thereof, without modification of the closing-opening stroke defined by the raceways 33 .
  • the machines for working the skins are generally also provided with an establishment cylinder 45 associated with the transport cylinder 23 and carried by the mobile assembly 21 .
  • the setting cylinder is designed to cooperate with the working cylinder 9 in the closed position of the moving element 21 .
  • a setting cylinder 45 is not, either, responsible for a marking or cleavage effect of the skin to be worked, it is provided, according to the invention, to mount it on a rotation shaft A45 carried by two flanges 46 free to rotate on bearings 47 of the axis of rotation A23 .
  • the flanges 46 are arranged so that the axis A45 is located below the transport cylinder 23 .
  • At least one of the flanges 46 is connected by a hinge 48 to a connecting rod 49 also mounted by a hinge 50 on the frame 1 .
  • the articulation 50 is preferably carried by a crank 51 secured to a shaft 52 which is mounted, with the possibility of rotation, in bearings carried by the frame 1 .
  • the connecting rod 49 forms, with the part of the corresponding arm, lying between the axis A23 and the axis 27 , a deformable parallelogram of which one of the long sides, constituted by the connecting rod 49 , has a length greater than the other formed by the alignment G1 between the axes 23 and 27 .
  • the closing stroke results in a pivoting stress on the flanges 46 , in the direction of the arrow f2 .
  • the setting cylinder 45 is brought, gradually, into docking with the working cylinder 9 , when the movable element 21 occupies its closed position, as illustrated in FIG. 3 . In this way, intense local pinching between the setting cylinder 45 and the working cylinder 9 is avoided and makes it possible to remove a mark imposed irreversibly on the skin during work.
  • the connecting rod 49 is, of course, of an adjustable nature by any suitable means known in the art.
  • the working cylinder 9 may exhibit, as it is used, a decreasing variation in diameter due to the wear of the blades constituting it.
  • the rotating shaft 52 is preferably associated with an articulated system 53 for adjusting the position and clamping pressure of the setting cylinder 45 against the working cylinder 9 .
  • the articulated system 53 comprises a lifting beam 54 integral angularly of the rotating shaft 52 and arranged in a vertical plane.
  • the two arms of the spreader 54 are connected to two rods 55 and 56 which are associated with two members 57 and 58 for adjusting their length.
  • the members 57 and 58 are preferably accessible on the front 5 of the frame 1 of the machine.
  • one of the rods for example the upper rod 55 , incorporates an elastic compensator 59 allowing relative pivoting of the rotating shaft 52 when, for example, it is necessary to compensate for the passage between the setting cylinder 45 and the cylinder 9 , with a local excess thickness of a skin being treated, such as, for example, that located along the backbone.
  • the adjusting member 58 By means of the adjusting member 58 , it becomes possible to adjust the position of the setting cylinder 45 relative to the working cylinder 9 in the closed state of the moving element 21 . Via the adjusting member 57 , it is possible to adjust the application pressure of the setting cylinder 45 , while allowing elastic erasure of the latter during the passage of a local allowance.
  • the pump 61 of the variable flow type, is mounted on the output shaft of a motor 64 also ensuring the driving of a pump 65 responsible for supplying the motor member 32 responsible for the drive in rotation of the shaft 31 common to the cams 30 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)

Abstract

- Tanning - The machine is characterised in that: . the drive means (28) consist of at least one cam (30) whose roll path (23) acts in combination with a roller (34) carried by the cradle (22), . and in that the hinge pin (27) of the cradle (22) is mounted on the frame via at least one eccentric (40). - Application to stretcher machines. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention est relative au domaine technique de la tannerie ou du travail des peaux et elle concerne, plus particulièrement, les machines de mise au vent, d'étirage, de déridage ou autres machines analogues. De telles machines sont destinées, généralement, à mettre à plat les peaux tannées, de manière à assurer un étirage permettant de gagner en surface utile transformable. Un tel travail est effectué sur chaque peau à l'état humide.The present invention relates to the technical field of tanning or working skins and it relates, more particularly, to winding, stretching, unwinding machines or other similar machines. Such machines are generally intended for flattening tanned hides, so as to provide stretching to gain transformable useful surface. Such work is carried out on each skin in the wet state.

Les machines conçues pour assumer la fonction ci-dessus comprennent, généralement, un bâti supportant un cylindre de travail à lames hélicoïdales, à position fixe, généralement horizontal entraîné en rotation à vitesse constante déterminée. Un tel bâti supporte, également, un berceau supérieur portant un cylindre entraîneur mû en rotation par un organe moteur et chargé de faire défiler une garniture, à base de feutre, assumant une fonction d'essorage et contre laquelle la peau à travailler est pressée.The machines designed to assume the above function generally comprise a frame supporting a working cylinder with helical blades, in a fixed position, generally horizontal driven in rotation at a determined constant speed. Such a frame also supports an upper cradle carrying a driving cylinder rotated by a motor member and responsible for scrolling a lining, made of felt, assuming a wringing function and against which the skin to be worked is pressed.

Le bâti supporte, également, un berceau inférieur portant un cylindre de transport sur lequel une peau à travailler est placée, lorsque le cylindre transporteur occupe une position, dite d'ouverture, en étant éloigné du cylindre de travail et du cylindre entraîneur. Le berceau inférieur est associé à des organes d'entraînement en pivotement relatif capables de le faire passer de la première position d'ouverture à une position de fermeture dans laquelle le cylindre transporteur est amené en accostage au moins avec le cylindre entraîneur chargé de faire défiler la peau supportée entre le cylindre de transport et le cylindre de travail.The frame also supports a lower cradle carrying a transport cylinder on which a working skin is placed, when the transport cylinder occupies a position, called the opening position, being distant from the working cylinder and the driving cylinder. The lower cradle is associated with relative pivoting drive members capable of passing it from the first open position to a closed position in which the transport cylinder is brought into docking at least with the drive cylinder responsible for scrolling. the skin supported between the transport cylinder and the work cylinder.

Les machines, du type ci-dessus, comportent, en tant qu'organe moteur, généralement un moteur électrique associé à une sortie double prise assurant l'entraînement en rotation directe, simultanément du cylindre entraîneur et du cylindre transporteur.The machines of the above type include, as a driving member, generally an electric motor associated with a double outlet outlet ensuring the direct rotation drive, simultaneously of the driving cylinder and the conveying cylinder.

Si la fonction principale de mise au vent, d'étirage ou de déridage peut être considérée comme convenablement assurée, en revanche, les peaux ainsi travaillées présentent des marques ou des empreintes de clivages qui sont préjudiciables à la bonne utilisation ultérieure de la peau et, notamment, à la réalisation d'articles de grande qualité. De telles marques sont à mettre au compte de plusieurs raisons tenant à la structure de ces machines.If the main function of winding, stretching or unwinding can be considered to be adequately ensured, in on the other hand, the skins thus worked have marks or marks of cleavages which are detrimental to the proper subsequent use of the skin and, in particular, to the production of high quality articles. There are several reasons for such brands due to the structure of these machines.

La première est que le berceau, supportant le cylindre transporteur, est déplacé relativement de la position d'ouverture à la position de fermeture en effectuant un déplacement angulaire d'ouverture partielle, généralement inférieure à 45°, amenant le cylindre transporteur en accostage selon une trajectoire sécante au cylindre entraîneur et au cylindre de travail. L'entraînement en déplacement du berceau est, en général, assuré par un système de transmission du type bielle-manivelle, à genouillères, sollicitant le berceau en une course de déplacement à une vitesse imposée par le dispositif mécanique utilisé, mais pas optimisé pour le travail demandé.The first is that the cradle, supporting the transport cylinder, is moved relatively from the open position to the closed position by making an angular displacement of partial opening, generally less than 45 °, bringing the transport cylinder into docking according to a intersecting path to the driving cylinder and the working cylinder. The driving movement of the cradle is, in general, ensured by a transmission system of the connecting rod-crank type, with knuckles, urging the cradle in a displacement stroke at a speed imposed by the mechanical device used, but not optimized for required work.

L'accostage qui s'ensuit peut être qualifié de brutal produisant un effet de marquage de la peau subissant une pression élevée entre le cylindre transporteur et au moins le cylindre entraîneur, du fait du rattrapage, par l'inertie du berceau, des jeux de la transmission du type bielle-manivelle à genouillères.The ensuing docking can be described as brutal producing a marking effect of the skin undergoing a high pressure between the transport cylinder and at least the drive cylinder, due to the take-up, by the inertia of the cradle, of the sets of the transmission of the rod-crank type to knee pads.

Une autre est due au fait que pour assumer les fonctions d'entraînement et d'essorage, le cylindre transporteur est généralement pourvu d'un revêtement en élastomère, alors que le cylindre entraîneur est garni d'un revêtement, à base de feutre, représentant, soit une enveloppe directe, soit une bande sans fin.Another is due to the fact that, in order to assume the drive and spin functions, the transport cylinder is generally provided with an elastomer coating, while the drive cylinder is provided with a coating, based on felt, representing , either a direct envelope, or an endless band.

Au moment de l'accostage en position de fermeture, la pression exercée par le cylindre transporteur provoque un écrasement relatif de la garniture en élastomère de ce dernier, ainsi que du revêtement en feutre du cylindre entraîneur. Il en résulte une différence de diamètre relatif ayant, pour conséquence, lors de l'accostage, un marquage de la peau laissant subsister une empreinte de clivage préjudiciable à la bonne qualité de la peau ultérieure traitée.When docking in the closed position, the pressure exerted by the transport cylinder causes a relative crushing of the elastomer lining of the latter, as well as of the felt coating of the driving cylinder. This results in a difference in relative diameter having, as a consequence, during docking, a marking of the skin leaving a cleavage imprint detrimental to the good quality of the subsequent skin treated.

La présence de marques ou de clivages sur les peaux est encore accrue, lorsque les machines utilisées sont du type à cylindre établisseur assurant, simultanément à la phase d'accostage, le pincement de la peau contre le cylindre de travail.The presence of marks or cleavages on the skins is further increased, when the machines used are of the type with an establishing cylinder ensuring, simultaneously with the docking phase, the pinching of the skin against the working cylinder.

Le brevet FR 1 052 911 sur lequel la première partie de la revendication 1 est basée préconise une disposition visant à disposer l'axe de pivotement du berceau de manière que, d'une part, l'axe géométrique, joignant ledit axe à l'axe de rotation du cylindre transporteur, fasse avec l'horizontale, en position d'ouverture de l'équipage mobile, un angle inférieur à 45° et que, d'autre part, l'axe de rotation dudit cylindre soit déplacé lors de la course de fermeture de l'équipage mobile, selon un mouvement ascendant suivant un segment de lieu géométrique circulaire situé entre le cylindre de travail et l'ouverture.The patent FR 1 052 911 on which the first part of claim 1 is based recommends a provision aiming to arrange the pivot axis of the cradle so that, on the one hand, the geometric axis, joining said axis to the axis of rotation of the conveying cylinder, make with the horizontal, in the open position of the movable assembly, an angle less than 45 ° and that, on the other hand, the axis of rotation of said cylinder is moved during the closing movement of the moving part, in an upward movement along a circular geometrical location segment located between the working cylinder and the opening.

Les moyens d'entraînement du berceau, par des vérins à commande linéaire, ne permettent pas, toutefois, de faire disparaître les problèmes ci-dessus.The means of driving the cradle, by linear actuators, do not, however, make it possible to eliminate the above problems.

La présente invention vise à réduire l'inconvénient ci-dessus, rédhibitoire pour l'obtention de peaux fragiles de très bonne qualité, en préconisant une nouvelle structure de machine permettant, sinon de supprimer, du moins de réduire notablement les marques ou effets de clivages imposés à une peau lors de la course d'accostage du cylindre transporteur contre le groupe formé par le cylindre entraîneur et le cylindre de travail.The present invention aims to reduce the above disadvantage, prohibitive for obtaining fragile skins of very good quality, by recommending a new machine structure making it possible, if not to remove, at least to significantly reduce the marks or effects of cleavages imposed on a skin during the landing stroke of the transporting cylinder against the group formed by the driving cylinder and the working cylinder.

Pour atteindre l'objectif ci-dessus, la machine à travailler les peaux conforme à l'invention est caractérisée en ce que :

  • les moyens d'entraînement sont constitués par au moins une came dont le chemin de roulement coopère avec un galet porté par le berceau,
  • et en ce que l'axe de rotation du berceau est monté sur le bâti par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un excentrique.
To achieve the above objective, the machine for working the skins according to the invention is characterized in that:
  • the drive means consist of at least one cam, the raceway of which cooperates with a roller carried by the cradle,
  • and in that the axis of rotation of the cradle is mounted on the frame by means of at least one eccentric.

Diverses autres caractéristiques ressortent de la description faite ci-dessous en référence aux dessins annexés qui montrent, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, des formes de réalisation de l'objet de l'invention telles que décrites dans les revendications.Various other characteristics will emerge from the description given below with reference to the appended drawings which show, by way of nonlimiting examples, embodiments of the subject of the invention as described in the claims.

La fig. 1 est une perspective schématique d'une machine à travailler les peaux, conforme à l'invention. Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective of a machine for working the skins, according to the invention.

La fig. 2 est une coupe transversale prise, à plus grande échelle, sensiblement selon le plan II-II de la fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a cross section taken, on a larger scale, substantially along the plane II-II of FIG. 1 .

La fig. 3 est une coupe transversale analogue à la fig. 2, illustrant une autre position caractéristique de certains des éléments constitutifs de la machine. Fig. 3 is a cross section similar to FIG. 2 , illustrating another characteristic position of some of the components of the machine.

Les fig. 4 et 4a sont des vues schématiques mettant en évidence l'une des caractéristiques constructives de certains des éléments constitutifs de la machine, par comparaison avec l'art antérieur. Figs. 4 and 4 a are schematic views highlighting one of the constructive characteristics of some of the constituent elements of the machine, by comparison with the prior art.

La fig. 5 est une vue schématique illustrant, à plus grande échelle, une autre caractéristique constructive de la machine. Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating, on a larger scale, another constructive characteristic of the machine.

La fig. 6 est une vue schématique éclatée des organes constitutifs de la machine illustrant une caractéristique constructive particulière. Fig. 6 is an exploded diagrammatic view of the constituent parts of the machine illustrating a particular constructive characteristic.

Selon les fig. 1 à 3, la machine à travailler conforme à l'invention comprend un bâti 1 constitué par des châssis latéraux 2 reliés entre eux par des longerons entretoises 3. Le bâti 1 est complété par un carénage 4 délimitant, en façade 5, une ouverture 6 de chargement-déchargement pourvue d'une table d'amenage 7. L'ouverture 6 s'étend horizontalement et présente une hauteur H faible par rapport à sa largeur utile L.According to fig. 1 to 3 , the working machine according to the invention comprises a frame 1 constituted by lateral frames 2 connected together by spacer beams 3 . The frame 1 is completed by a fairing 4 delimiting, on the front 5 , an opening 6 for loading and unloading provided with a feeding table 7 . The opening 6 extends horizontally and has a low height H compared to its useful width L.

Le bâti 1 supporte, par des paliers 8, l'axe de rotation A₉ d'un cylindre de travail 9 s'étendant horizontalement, sensiblement dans le plan horizontal médian de l'ouverture 6. Le cylindre de travail 9 est du type à lames hélicoïdales, de préférence organisées en deux séries de sens d'enroulement opposé, se raccordant à la manière de chevrons dans un plan transversal médian du cylindre 9. Il doit être considéré que l'axe A₉ peut être défini par des tourillons solidaires du cylindre 9 ou par un arbre portant ce dernier. Le cylindre 9 est mû en rotation à vitesse constante par l'intermédiaire d'un organe moteur approprié, tel que celui désigné par la référence 10 à la fig. 6.The frame 1 supports, by bearings 8 , the axis of rotation A₉ of a working cylinder 9 extending horizontally, substantially in the horizontal median plane of the opening 6 . The working cylinder 9 is of the type with helical blades, preferably organized in two series of opposite winding directions, connecting in the manner of rafters in a median transverse plane of the cylinder 9 . It must be considered that the axis A₉ can be defined by journals integral with the cylinder 9 or by a shaft carrying the latter. The cylinder 9 is moved in rotation at constant speed by means of a suitable drive member, such as that designated by the reference 10 in FIG. 6 .

Le bâti 1 supporte, également, un berceau 11 défini comme étant supérieur au cylindre de travail 9. Le berceau 11 comprend deux bras 12 réunis par une ou des entretoises 13 pour former un ensemble unitaire monté, par l'intermédiaire de tourillons 14, de manière à pouvoir osciller dans l'un ou l'autre des sens de la flèche f₁. Les extrémités des bras 12 dirigées à l'opposé de la fenêtre 6 sont adaptées sur les organes mobiles de vérins 15 susceptibles d'être alimentés pour commander le pivotement du berceau 11 selon la flèche f₁ sur une amplitude maximale déterminée par une butée double 16. A l'opposé des vérins 15, les bras 12 portent des paliers 17 supportant l'axe de rotation A₁₈ d'un cylindre entraîneur 18 s'étendant parallèlement et au-dessus du cylindre de travail 9 et mû en rotation par l'intermédiaire d'un groupe moteur 19 (fig. 6). Le cylindre entraîneur 18 est associé à une fourrure en feutre d'essorage qui peut être constituée par une garniture revêtant directement le cylindre 18 ou par un tapis sans fin entourant ce dernier ainsi qu'un cylindre ou rouleau de renvoi 20, par exemple, concentrique à la membrure 13. Les bras 12 sont conformés de manière que l'axe A₁₈ du cylindre 18 soit situé en avant d'un plan P-P′ vertical passant par l'axe de rotation A₉ du cylindre de travail 9, en considération de l'ouverture de chargement-déchargement 6.The frame 1 also supports a cradle 11 defined as being greater than the working cylinder 9 . The cradle 11 comprises two arms 12 joined by one or more spacers 13 to form a unitary assembly mounted, by means of pins 14 , so as to be able to oscillate in one or the other of the directions of the arrow f₁ . The ends of the arms 12 directed opposite the window 6 are adapted to the movable members of jacks 15 capable of being supplied to control the pivoting of the cradle 11 according to the arrow f₁ over a maximum amplitude determined by a double stop 16 . Opposite the jacks 15 , the arms 12 carry bearings 17 supporting the axis of rotation A₁₈ of a driving cylinder 18 extending parallel and above the working cylinder 9 and rotated by means of d 'a motor unit 19 (fig. 6) . The driving cylinder 18 is associated with a spin felt fur which can be constituted by a lining directly coating the cylinder 18 or by an endless belt surrounding the latter as well as a cylinder or deflection roller 20 , for example, concentric at frame 13 . The arms 12 are shaped so that the axis A₁₈ of the cylinder 18 is located in front of a vertical plane PP ′ passing through the axis of rotation A₉ of the working cylinder 9 , in consideration of the loading-unloading opening 6 .

Selon une disposition constructive de l'invention, le bâti 1 supporte, par ailleurs, un équipage mobile 21 inférieur au cylindre de travail 9 et comprenant un berceau 22 supportant l'axe de rotation A₂₃ d'un cylindre transporteur 23 s'étendant horizontalement entre le plan P-P′ et l'ouverture de chargement-déchargement 6. Le berceau 22 est constitué par deux bras 24, de préférence, réunis par une membrure entretoise 25 et supportant, par des paliers 26, l'axe de rotation A₂₃. Les bras 24 sont montés en rotation sur un axe de pivotement 27 qui est porté par le bâti 1. L'équipage mobile 21 est associé à des moyens 28 d'entraînement capables de le faire passer d'une position d'ouverture telle qu'illustrée par la fig. 2, dans laquelle le cylindre de transport 23 est éloigné des cylindres d'entraînement 18 et de travail 9 en étant, au moins en partie, effacé par rapport à la table 7 de l'ouverture 6, à une position d'accostage, dite de fermeture, telle qu'illustrée par la fig. 3, dans laquelle le cylindre transporteur 23 est au moins amené en contact avec le cylindre d'entraînement 18. Le cylindre transporteur 23 est mû en rotation par un moteur 29 (fig. 6) qui peut être à double sens de rotation.According to a constructive arrangement of the invention, the frame 1 supports, moreover, a movable assembly 21 lower than the working cylinder 9 and comprising a cradle 22 supporting the axis of rotation A₂₃ of a transport cylinder 23 extending horizontally between the PP ′ plane and the loading-unloading opening 6 . The cradle 22 is constituted by two arms 24 , preferably joined by a spacer frame 25 and supporting, by bearings 26 , the axis of rotation A₂₃ . The arms 24 are mounted in rotation on a pivot axis 27 which is carried by the frame 1 . The movable element 21 is associated with drive means 28 capable of moving it from an open position as illustrated in FIG. 2 , in which the transport cylinder 23 is distant from the cylinders drive 18 and work 9 by being, at least in part, erased relative to the table 7 of the opening 6 , in a docking position, called closing, as illustrated in FIG. 3 , in which the transport cylinder 23 is at least brought into contact with the drive cylinder 18 . The transport cylinder 23 is rotated by a motor 29 (fig. 6) which can be a two-way rotation.

Selon une disposition de l'invention, l'axe de pivotement 27 est disposé pour être situé derrière le plan P-P′ par rapport à l'ouverture 6. De même, les moyens 28 sont organisés de manière à maintenir l'équipage 21 dans une position d'ouverture telle que l'axe géométrique G₁ joignant l'axe de rotation A₂₃ à l'axe de pivotement 27, fasse, par rapport à un plan de référence horizontal P₁ passant par l'axe de pivotement A₂₇, un angle α inférieur à 45° et, de préférence, voisin de 30°. La longueur de l'axe G₁ est, en outre, déterminée de manière que l'axe de rotation A₂₃ soit déplacé, lors de la course de la position d'ouverture à la position de fermeture de l'équipage mobile 21, selon un mouvement ascendant le long d'un lieu géométrique circulaire C situé entre le cylindre de travail 9 et l'ouverture de chargement-déchargement 6.According to an arrangement of the invention, the pivot axis 27 is arranged to be located behind the plane PP ′ with respect to the opening 6 . Likewise, the means 28 are organized so as to keep the assembly 21 in an open position such that the geometric axis G₁ joining the axis of rotation A₂₃ to the pivot axis 27 , does, with respect to a horizontal reference plane P₁ passing through the pivot axis A₂₇ , an angle α less than 45 ° and, preferably, close to 30 °. The length of the axis G₁ is, moreover, determined so that the axis of rotation A₂₃ is moved, during the travel from the open position to the closed position of the moving element 21 , according to a movement ascending along a circular geometric location C located between the working cylinder 9 and the loading-unloading opening 6 .

La disposition structurelle, décrite ci-dessus, permet de déplacer l'équipage mobile 21 depuis la position d'ouverture, schématisée en trait plein à la fig. 4, à une position de fermeture représentée en traits mixtes. Pendant cette phase de fermeture, le cylindre transporteur 23 suit la trajectoire C et se trouve, ainsi, amené en contact d'accostage, sensiblement tangentiel, plus particulièrement avec le cylindre de travail 9. Cette disposition permet de réduire la pression linéaire de contact à la fermeture entre les cylindres et de réduire, voire supprimer, les marques de clivage qui sont, ordinairement, imprimées à une peau p , lorsque la course de l'équipage mobile, de la position d'ouverture à la position de fermeture, s'effectue comme cela apparaît à la fig. 4a illustrant, de façon comparative, les dispositions structurelles habituelles de l'art antérieur.The structural arrangement, described above, makes it possible to move the mobile assembly 21 from the open position, shown schematically in solid lines in FIG. 4 , to a closed position shown in phantom. During this closing phase, the transport cylinder 23 follows the path C and is thus brought into mating contact, substantially tangential, more particularly with the working cylinder 9 . This arrangement makes it possible to reduce the linear contact pressure at closure between the cylinders and to reduce, or even eliminate, the cleavage marks which are usually imprinted on a skin p , when the stroke of the moving assembly, from the position opening to the closed position, takes place as shown in fig. 4 a illustrating, in a comparative manner, the usual structural arrangements of the prior art.

Les moyens 28 d'entraînement en pivotement de l'équipage mobile 21, de la position d'ouverture selon la fig. 2, à la position de fermeture selon la fig. 3, et inversement, sont constitués par au moins une came 30 et, de préférence, deux liées en rotation par un arbre entretoise 31 porté par le bâti 1. L'arbre 31 est entraîné en rotation alternative par l'intermédiaire d'un moteur 32 (fig. 6). Les cames 30 sont destinées à coopérer, par des chemins de roulement 33, avec deux galets 34 qui sont montés libres de tourner sur la membrure 25 du berceau 22. De préférence, les moyens 28 sont portés par le bâti, de manière que l'arbre d'entraînement en rotation 31 soit situé en dessous de la membrure 25.The means 28 for pivotally driving the movable assembly 21 , from the open position according to FIG. 2 , in the closed position according to FIG. 3 , and vice versa, are constituted by at least one cam 30 and, preferably, two linked in rotation by a spacer shaft 31 carried by the frame 1 . The shaft 31 is driven in alternating rotation by means of a motor 32 (fig. 6) . The cams 30 are intended to cooperate, by raceways 33 , with two rollers 34 which are mounted free to rotate on the frame 25 of the cradle 22 . Preferably, the means 28 are carried by the frame, so that the rotary drive shaft 31 is located below the frame 25 .

Les deux cames 30 sont exécutées, comme cela apparaît à la fig. 5, de manière à comporter un premier segment de chemin de roulement 33₁ couvrant une plage angulaire β₁ de rayons croissants. La plage angulaire β₁ correspond à une course d'entraînement en approche rapide de l'équipage mobile 21 vers la position de fermeture.The two cams 30 are executed, as shown in FIG. 5 , so as to comprise a first raceway segment 33₁ covering an angular range β ₁ of increasing radii. The angular range β ₁ corresponds to a drive stroke in rapid approach of the movable assembly 21 towards the closed position.

Les cames 30 sont, également, tracées de manière que le chemin de roulement 33 comprenne, à la suite et dans la continuité du segment 33₁, un second segment 33₂ couvrant une plage angulaire β₂ de rayons également croissants, mais selon une loi de croissance inférieure à celle des rayons définissant la plage β₁. La plage β₂ sollicite l'équipage mobile 21 en course d'accostage lente par rapport au groupe de cylindres 18 et 9.The cams 30 are also traced so that the raceway 33 includes, following and in the continuity of the segment 33₁ , a second segment 33₂ covering an angular range β₂ of radii also increasing, but according to a lower growth law to that of the rays defining the range β₁ . The range β ₂ solicits the moving element 21 in slow landing travel relative to the group of cylinders 18 and 9 .

Les cames 30 sont, par ailleurs, exécutées de manière à comporter, à la suite et dans le prolongement du segment de chemin de roulement 33₂, un segment de chemin de roulement 33₃ défini par un rayon constant centré sur l'axe de l'arbre d'entraînement en rotation 31. Le segment 33₃ couvre une plage angulaire β₃ correspondant à une course de compensation éventuelle d'alignement du berceau 22 dans la position d'accostage et de verrouillage dudit berceau dans cette position de fermeture. L'amplitude angulaire de la plage β₃ est déterminée, de manière à permettre la première fonction de verrouillage, mais aussi la fonction de compensation d'alignement, soit des jeux introduits dans les différents systèmes articulés coopérant, c'est-à-dire l'équipage mobile 21 et les moyens 28, soit, encore, d'alignement angulaire précis entre les cames 30.The cams 30 are, moreover, executed so as to comprise, following and in the extension of the raceway segment 33₂ , a raceway segment 33₃ defined by a constant radius centered on the axis of the shaft rotational drive 31 . The segment 33₃ covers an angular range β₃ corresponding to a possible compensation stroke for alignment of the cradle 22 in the docking and locking position of said cradle in this closed position. The angular amplitude of the range β₃ is determined, so as to allow the first locking function, but also the compensation function alignment, or games introduced in the various articulated cooperating systems, that is to say the movable assembly 21 and the means 28 , or, again, precise angular alignment between the cams 30 .

Ainsi que cela ressort de la comparaison des différentes fig. 2 à 5, en combinaison de la description ci-dessus, il apparaît que, selon l'invention, les moyens 28 d'entraînement en pivotement de l'équipage mobile 21 permettent de soumettre le berceau 22 à une première phase d'approche rapide suivie d'une phase d'accostage lente. Cette phase d'accostage, lente relativement à celle générée par les systèmes de commande habituels bielle-manivelle, permet aussi de réduire les marquages ou clivages d'une peau.As is apparent from the comparison of the various figs. 2 to 5 , in combination with the above description, it appears that, according to the invention, the means 28 for pivotally driving the movable assembly 21 allow the cradle 22 to be subjected to a first rapid approach phase followed by a slow docking phase. This docking phase, slow relative to that generated by the usual rod-crank control systems, also makes it possible to reduce the markings or cleavages of a skin.

La fig. 5 montre qu'il est, par ailleurs, avantageux de monter l'axe de pivotement 27 de l'équipage mobile 21 sur un excentrique 40 susceptible d'être réglé par l'intermédiaire d'une commande 41 accessible en façade de la machine. Le réglage de l'excentrique 40, par la commande 41, permet, en combinaison avec la présence des segments concentriques 33₃, d'ajuster la position d'accostage du cylindre de transport 23 par rapport au cylindre de travail 9 en fonction de l'intensité de l'effet souhaité sur la peau et/ou de l'usure des lames de ce dernier, sans modification de la course de fermeture-ouverture définie par les chemins de roulements 33. Fig. 5 shows that it is also advantageous to mount the pivot axis 27 of the movable assembly 21 on an eccentric 40 capable of being adjusted by means of a control 41 accessible on the front of the machine. The adjustment of the eccentric 40 , by the control 41 , makes it possible, in combination with the presence of the concentric segments 33₃ , to adjust the docking position of the transport cylinder 23 relative to the working cylinder 9 as a function of the intensity of the desired effect on the skin and / or of the wear of the blades thereof, without modification of the closing-opening stroke defined by the raceways 33 .

Les machines à travailler les peaux sont généralement munies, également, d'un cylindre établisseur 45 associé au cylindre transporteur 23 et porté par l'équipage mobile 21. Le cylindre établisseur est prévu pour coopérer avec le cylindre de travail 9 dans la position de fermeture de l'équipage mobile 21.The machines for working the skins are generally also provided with an establishment cylinder 45 associated with the transport cylinder 23 and carried by the mobile assembly 21 . The setting cylinder is designed to cooperate with the working cylinder 9 in the closed position of the moving element 21 .

Pour qu'un tel cylindre établisseur 45 ne soit pas, non plus, responsable d'un effet de marquage ou de clivage de la peau devant être travaillée, il est prévu, conformément à l'invention, de le monter sur un arbre de rotation A₄₅ porté par deux flasques 46 libres de tourner sur des paliers 47 de l'axe de rotation A₂₃. Les flasques 46 sont disposés de manière que l'axe A₄₅ soit situé en dessous du cylindre transporteur 23.So that such a setting cylinder 45 is not, either, responsible for a marking or cleavage effect of the skin to be worked, it is provided, according to the invention, to mount it on a rotation shaft A₄₅ carried by two flanges 46 free to rotate on bearings 47 of the axis of rotation A₂₃ . The flanges 46 are arranged so that the axis A₄₅ is located below the transport cylinder 23 .

L'un au moins des flasques 46 est relié par une articulation 48 à une bielle 49 par ailleurs montée par une articulation 50 sur le bâti 1. L'articulation 50 est, de préférence, portée par une manivelle 51 solidaire d'un arbre 52 qui est monté, avec possibilité de rotation, dans des paliers portés par le bâti 1.At least one of the flanges 46 is connected by a hinge 48 to a connecting rod 49 also mounted by a hinge 50 on the frame 1 . The articulation 50 is preferably carried by a crank 51 secured to a shaft 52 which is mounted, with the possibility of rotation, in bearings carried by the frame 1 .

Ainsi que cela apparaît à l'examen des fig. 2 et 3, la bielle 49 forme, avec la partie du bras correspondant, comprise entre l'axe A₂₃ et l'axe 27, un parallélogramme déformable dont l'un des grands côtés, constitué par la bielle 49, présente une longueur supérieure à l'autre formé par l'alignement G₁ entre les axes 23 et 27.As appears from the examination of FIGS. 2 and 3 , the connecting rod 49 forms, with the part of the corresponding arm, lying between the axis A₂₃ and the axis 27 , a deformable parallelogram of which one of the long sides, constituted by the connecting rod 49 , has a length greater than the other formed by the alignment G₁ between the axes 23 and 27 .

De cette manière, à partir de la position d'ouverture de l'équipage mobile 21 dans laquelle le cylindre établisseur 45 est en position d'effacement, la course de fermeture se traduit par une sollicitation en pivotement des flasques 46, dans le sens de la flèche f₂. Le cylindre établisseur 45 est amené, progressivement, en accostage avec le cylindre de travail 9, lorsque l'équipage mobile 21 occupe sa position de fermeture, telle qu'illustrée par la fig. 3. De cette manière, un pincement localisé intense, entre le cylindre établisseur 45 et le cylindre de travail 9, est évité et permet de supprimer une marque imposée de façon irréversible à la peau en cours de travail.In this way, from the open position of the moving element 21 in which the setting cylinder 45 is in the erasing position, the closing stroke results in a pivoting stress on the flanges 46 , in the direction of the arrow f₂ . The setting cylinder 45 is brought, gradually, into docking with the working cylinder 9 , when the movable element 21 occupies its closed position, as illustrated in FIG. 3 . In this way, intense local pinching between the setting cylinder 45 and the working cylinder 9 is avoided and makes it possible to remove a mark imposed irreversibly on the skin during work.

La bielle 49 est, bien entendu, de nature réglable par tous moyens appropriés connus de la technique.The connecting rod 49 is, of course, of an adjustable nature by any suitable means known in the art.

Ainsi que cela est connu, le cylindre de travail 9 peut présenter, au fur et à mesure de l'utilisation, une variation décroissante de diamètre en raison de l'usure des lames le constituant. De plus, il est nécessaire de moduler l'intensité de l'effet du cylindre de travail sur la peau en fonction de son épaisseur et du résultat final souhaité. Pour répondre à ces besoins, l'arbre tournant 52 est, de préférence, associé à un système articulé 53 de réglage de position et de pression de serrage du cylindre établisseur 45 contre le cylindre de travail 9. Le système articulé 53 comprend un palonnier 54 solidaire angulairement de l'arbre tournant 52 et disposé dans un plan vertical. Les deux branches du palonnier 54 sont reliées à deux tiges 55 et 56 qui sont associées à deux organes 57 et 58 de réglage de leur longueur. Les organes 57 et 58 sont, de préférence, accessibles en façade 5 du bâti 1 de la machine.As is known, the working cylinder 9 may exhibit, as it is used, a decreasing variation in diameter due to the wear of the blades constituting it. In addition, it is necessary to modulate the intensity of the effect of the working cylinder on the skin according to its thickness and the desired final result. To meet these needs, the rotating shaft 52 is preferably associated with an articulated system 53 for adjusting the position and clamping pressure of the setting cylinder 45 against the working cylinder 9 . The articulated system 53 comprises a lifting beam 54 integral angularly of the rotating shaft 52 and arranged in a vertical plane. The two arms of the spreader 54 are connected to two rods 55 and 56 which are associated with two members 57 and 58 for adjusting their length. The members 57 and 58 are preferably accessible on the front 5 of the frame 1 of the machine.

De préférence, l'une des tiges, par exemple la tige supérieure 55, incorpore un compensateur élastique 59 autorisant un pivotement relatif de l'arbre tournant 52 lorsque, par exemple, il convient de compenser le passage, entre le cylindre établisseur 45 et le cylindre 9, d'une surépaisseur locale d'une peau en cours de traitement, telle que, par exemple, celle située le long de l'épine dorsale.Preferably, one of the rods, for example the upper rod 55 , incorporates an elastic compensator 59 allowing relative pivoting of the rotating shaft 52 when, for example, it is necessary to compensate for the passage between the setting cylinder 45 and the cylinder 9 , with a local excess thickness of a skin being treated, such as, for example, that located along the backbone.

Par l'intermédiaire de l'organe de réglage 58, il devient possible de régler la position du cylindre établisseur 45 par rapport au cylindre de travail 9 dans l'état de fermeture de l'équipage mobile 21. Par l'intermédiaire de l'organe de réglage 57, il est possible de régler la pression d'application du cylindre établisseur 45, tout en autorisant un effacement élastique de ce dernier lors du passage d'une surépaisseur locale.By means of the adjusting member 58 , it becomes possible to adjust the position of the setting cylinder 45 relative to the working cylinder 9 in the closed state of the moving element 21 . Via the adjusting member 57 , it is possible to adjust the application pressure of the setting cylinder 45 , while allowing elastic erasure of the latter during the passage of a local allowance.

Selon une autre disposition constructive de l'invention, telle qu'illustrée par la fig. 6, le cylindre entraîneur 18 et le cylindre transporteur 23 sont associés aux organes moteurs 19 et 29 qui sont particulièrement prévus pour être alimentés par une même énergie de transformation, à partir d'une source de distribution commune 60. Il est avantageux de choisir, en tant que moteurs 19 et 29 des transformateurs hydrauliques qui sont alimentés à partir d'une pompe 61 par deux circuits 62 et 63 branchés en parallèle. De cette manière, un glissement relatif peut intervenir dans la motorisation des deux cylindres. Il permet :

  • a) - d'éviter le marquage de la peau lors de l'accostage du cylindre transporteur 23 contre le cylindre entraîneur 18,
  • b) - d'obtenir des vitesses tangentielles d'entraînement rigoureusement identiques sur chaque face de la peau, quels que soient les diamètres ou les déformations des feutres ou élastomères des cylindres. La peau n'est alors plus soumise à des contraintes parasites.
According to another constructive arrangement of the invention, as illustrated in FIG. 6 , the driving cylinder 18 and the transporting cylinder 23 are associated with the drive members 19 and 29 which are particularly designed to be supplied by the same transformation energy, from a common distribution source 60 . It is advantageous to choose, as motors 19 and 29, hydraulic transformers which are supplied from a pump 61 by two circuits 62 and 63 connected in parallel. In this way, relative sliding can occur in the motorization of the two cylinders. It allows:
  • a) - avoid marking the skin when the transporting cylinder 23 comes into contact with the driving cylinder 18 ,
  • b) - to obtain strictly identical tangential drive speeds on each face of the skin, whatever the diameters or the deformations of the felts or elastomers of cylinders. The skin is then no longer subjected to parasitic stresses.

Dans une telle conception, la pompe 61, du type à débit variable, est montée sur l'arbre de sortie d'un moteur 64 assurant aussi l'entraînement d'une pompe 65 chargée d'alimenter l'organe moteur 32 responsable de l'entraînement en rotation de l'arbre 31 commun aux cames 30.In such a design, the pump 61 , of the variable flow type, is mounted on the output shaft of a motor 64 also ensuring the driving of a pump 65 responsible for supplying the motor member 32 responsible for the drive in rotation of the shaft 31 common to the cams 30 .

L'invention selon les revendications n'est pas limitée aux exemples décrits et représentés, car diverses modifications peuvent y être apportées.The invention according to the claims is not limited to the examples described and shown, since various modifications can be made thereto.

Claims (9)

1. Machine for working skins, of the type comprising a frame (1) which, on the one hand, defines, on the facade (5), a horizontal opening (6) for loading/unloading, of small height with respect to its inlet width and, on the other hand, supports a rotating, horizontal work roller (9) with blades, a rotating drive roller (18) parallel to the work roller (9) and a mobile equipment (21) comprising at least one conveyor roller (23) parallel to the drive roller (18) borne by a cradle (22) mounted articulated on the frame by a horizontal pivot pin (27) located in a plane lower than the axis of rotation of the work roller (9), said cradle being associated with means (28) for driving in displacement capable of passing it from a so-called closed position, in which the conveyor roller (23) docks on the drive roller (18), being located between the work roller (9) and the opening (6), to another so-called open position, in which the conveyor roller (23) is remote from the drive roller (18) and work roller (9), being at least partly retracted with respect to the opening (6) and, inversely, the pivot axis (27) of the cradle (22) being disposed on the frame so that, on the one hand; the geometrical axis (G₁), joining said axis to the axis of rotation of the conveyor roller (23), makes, with the horizontal (P₁), in position of opening of the mobile equipment, an angle (α) less than 45° and that, on the other hand, the axis of rotation of said roller (23) is displaced, during the stroke of closure of the mobile equipment, in an ascending movement along a segment of circular geometric locus (C) located between the work roller (9) and the opening (6),
   characterized in that:
- the drive means (28) are constituted by at least one cam (30) of which the runway (33) cooperates with a roller (34) borne by the cradle (22),
- and in that the axis of rotation (27) of the cradle (22) is mounted on the frame via at least one eccentric (40).
2. Machine for working skins according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cam or cams (30) comprise a runway (33) comprising an angular area (β₁) of inc:easing radii, defining a rapid approach stroke of the cradle towards the position of closure, an area (β₂) of increasing radii, defining a slow docking stroke, and an area (β₃) of constant radius defining a stroke of compensation of alignment and of locking.
3. Machine for working skins according to Claim 1, characterized in that the eccentric or eccentrics (40) are eccentrics for adjusting the position of docking of the conveyor roller (23).
4. Machine for working skins according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cradle (22) is constituted by two lateral arms (24) bearing the axis of rotation of the conveyor roller (23) and joined by at least one brace (25) on which are mounted two rollers (34) cooperating with the runways (33) of two cams (30) fitted in rotation on a common drive shaft (31).
5. Machine for working skins according to one of Claims 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that the cradle (22) bears, by bearings (47) of the axis of rotation of the conveyor roller (23), two lateral side elements (46), mobile in rotation, bearing the axis of rotation of an establisher roller (45) disposed beneath the conveyor roller and moved in rotation from the latter, at least one of the side elements being connected by an articulation (48) to a connecting rod (49) of adjustable length, itself articulated on the frame, so as to define, with the corresponding arm of the cradle, a deformable quadrilateral for automatically controlling relative pivoting of the side elements in the direction of retraction of the establisher roller with respect to the work roller, during the stroke of opening of the monile equipment and in the direction of docking on the work roller during the stroke of closure of said equipment.
6. Machine for working skins according to Claim 5, characterized in that the point of articulation (50) of the connecting rod on the frame is constituted by a crank (51), fast with a rotating shaft (52) associated with a system (53) for adjusting position and tightening pressurs of the establisher roller in position of closure of the mobile equipment.
7. Machine for working skins according to Claim 6, characterized in that the system (53) comprises at least one vertical beam element (54), fitted angularly on the rotating shaft and of which the two arms are articulated on two rods (55, 56) associated with two members (57, 58) for adjusting their length and of which one incorporates an elastic compensator (59).
8. Machine for working skins according to Claim 7, characterized in that the members (57, 58) for adjusting the rods are borne by the facade (5) of the machine.
9. Machine for working skins according to Claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor roller (23) and drive roller (18) are moved in rotation by two drive units (19, 29) whose supply is ensured, in parallel, from the same source of energy (60).
EP88420428A 1987-12-22 1988-12-21 Machine for working up leather Expired - Lifetime EP0322325B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88420428T ATE75263T1 (en) 1987-12-22 1988-12-21 LEATHER PROCESSING MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8718245A FR2624880B1 (en) 1987-12-22 1987-12-22 SKIN WORKING MACHINE
FR8718245 1987-12-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0322325A1 EP0322325A1 (en) 1989-06-28
EP0322325B1 true EP0322325B1 (en) 1992-04-22

Family

ID=9358363

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88420428A Expired - Lifetime EP0322325B1 (en) 1987-12-22 1988-12-21 Machine for working up leather

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0322325B1 (en)
KR (1) KR890009760A (en)
AT (1) ATE75263T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8806785A (en)
DE (1) DE3870427D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2031624T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2624880B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1317384B1 (en) * 2000-12-18 2003-06-16 Rizzi 1857 S P A AUTOMATIC DRIVING AND UNLOADING DEVICE OF LEATHER IN ARITENERE AND DRY MACHINES.
IT1395786B1 (en) * 2009-09-14 2012-10-19 Dal Lago S R L LAYERING DEVICE FOR TANNER SKIN SYSTEMS.

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1052911A (en) * 1951-03-13 1954-01-28 Turner Tanning Mach Co Ltd Machine for treating leather or the like
FR1069162A (en) * 1952-12-19 1954-07-05 Mercier Freres Machine perfected for working with hides and skins
GB1167223A (en) * 1966-02-04 1969-10-15 Rizzi & Co Spa Luigi Improvements in or relating to Tannery Machines
DE2129118A1 (en) * 1971-06-11 1972-12-21 Maschinenfabrik Turner Ag, 6370 Oberursel Hide processing machine - using single pass for complete flaying using double conveyors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE75263T1 (en) 1992-05-15
DE3870427D1 (en) 1992-05-27
EP0322325A1 (en) 1989-06-28
KR890009760A (en) 1989-08-03
ES2031624T3 (en) 1992-12-16
BR8806785A (en) 1989-08-29
FR2624880A1 (en) 1989-06-23
FR2624880B1 (en) 1990-11-09

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