EP0317459B1 - Akustischer Druck-Differentialdetektor in der Alarmvorrichtung - Google Patents

Akustischer Druck-Differentialdetektor in der Alarmvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0317459B1
EP0317459B1 EP88440086A EP88440086A EP0317459B1 EP 0317459 B1 EP0317459 B1 EP 0317459B1 EP 88440086 A EP88440086 A EP 88440086A EP 88440086 A EP88440086 A EP 88440086A EP 0317459 B1 EP0317459 B1 EP 0317459B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microphone
signal
comparator
input
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88440086A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0317459A2 (de
EP0317459A3 (en
Inventor
Christian François Philippe
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Individual
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT88440086T priority Critical patent/ATE75063T1/de
Publication of EP0317459A2 publication Critical patent/EP0317459A2/de
Publication of EP0317459A3 publication Critical patent/EP0317459A3/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/185—Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/16—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid
    • G08B13/1654—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems
    • G08B13/1681—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems using infrasonic detecting means, e.g. a microphone operating below the audible frequency range

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a differential acoustic pressure detector for detecting the aperiodic wave following the opening of a door or window in an enclosed space, and more particularly such a detector comprising a microphone and means for setting a value. sensitivity threshold.
  • the setting of this sensitivity threshold is automatic, conditioned by the state of stability or instability of the atmospheric mass inside the room protected by the detector.
  • the microphone output signal is first amplified, then, in general, compared to a fixed reference voltage in a comparator whose output can have two possible states depending on the value relative of the signal from the microphone and the reference voltage.
  • These detectors trigger the alarm under the effect of an aperiodic compression wave, while they are insensitive to a periodic signal such as an audible sound, the monitoring taking place in particular on the shape and the amplitude of the signals. captured.
  • the sensitivity threshold of these detectors should be set at a relatively high value, so that they do not take into account these random and fugitive atmospheric disturbances, but inevitable since they are conditioned by the presence of strong wind. Such an adjustment is made at the expense of the effectiveness of the detector in calm weather.
  • the device processes the transducer output signal so as to have rectified or non-rectified signals from low-pass and high-pass filters. From the signals from the high pass, the device recognizes whether it is the intrusion of a vehicle or a human, while the signals from the low pass are used to recognize cases where there is actually has intrusion. These intrusions, when detected, are classified by a logical circuit, depending on whether they come from vehicles or men.
  • the zero crossings of the non-rectified high-pass signal are counted, the energy of the rectified high-pass signal is measured, and the two values are compared.
  • Signals signaling an intrusion are processed by generating so-called intersection zero windows for the non-rectified low-pass signal, then measuring the energy of the rectified low-pass signals and comparing the energy values at a level threshold determined from the number of intersection windows with zero having two or more intersections.
  • the circuit described is very complex and based on a succession of processing of the signals picked up by the transducer. This complexity results in a decrease in the overall reliability of the system, increased by the initial operations aimed at separating the low components and signal highs.
  • the succession of processing operations causes the information, furthermore cut off, to lose its initial value.
  • the risk is that the loss generated at each step ultimately creates errors in the interpretation of the basic signal, leading to incorrect adjustment and, if necessary, incorrect allocation at the level of the final logic stage.
  • the present invention overcomes this drawback by providing a differential acoustic pressure detector of simple and reliable design in which the sensitivity threshold automatically adapts according to the ambient environment. In reality, the detector decides itself the sensitivity threshold to adopt, by a permanent control of the atmosphere in which it is immersed.
  • the subject of the invention is a differential acoustic pressure detector for detecting the opening of a door or window in an enclosed space, comprising means for picking up the wave resulting from the movements of the masses. air at the opening of doors and windows, as well as means intended to adapt the sensitivity threshold value according to the ambient conditions.
  • the atmospheric disturbances are picked up by a microphone, the output signal of which is sent to regulation means making it possible to vary said threshold value.
  • the sensitivity threshold can therefore, because of the regulation means, be permanently adjusted to its optimum value by the signal from the microphone itself.
  • said regulation means comprise a regulation branch receiving as input a signal coming from the microphone, and the output of which is applied to an input of a comparator from which the other input receives a other signal from the microphone.
  • the comparator therefore receives on the one hand the signal actually coming from the possibly amplified microphone, and on the other hand a variable threshold signal developed from the microphone signal.
  • the regulation branch of the signal from the microphone includes several processing stages corresponding to the different phases of analysis and shaping of the signal, which must be restored in an intelligible manner to the system at the level of the comparator.
  • the aforementioned branch may include in particular a filtering circuit, a peak detector materializing the limits beyond which the alarm device would be triggered if the threshold value were fixed, means for modulating a reference voltage thanks to the signal from microphone and previously filtered, as well as means for adapting the modulated signal to the input impedance of the comparator.
  • the device according to the invention can more particularly comprise comparison means for comparing the output level of the microphone with said threshold value, a free oscillator controlled by said comparison means, counting means for counting the output pulses of the oscillator, and triggering means for triggering an alarm when the content of the counter exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the downstream oscillator When the output of the comparator is considered to be active, that is to say when the signal coming directly from the microphone is greater than the reference voltage, the downstream oscillator is triggered, each pulse being counted by the counter. When the number of pulses counted reaches a predetermined value, the alarm is triggered.
  • Such a detector is effectively not sensitive to a periodic signal such as an audible sound, since in this case, the counter does not have time, in half a signal period, to reach the predetermined value which will cause the trigger.
  • FIG. 1 being a general diagram highlighting the various parts of the circuit, it will not be described in detail, all the more so as the references are found in FIGS. 2 and 3, more suitable for fixing ideas.
  • fig. 1 in order to have a more global view of the device which is the subject of the invention. For the sake of clarity, we will begin with the explanation of the device in Figure 2.
  • a microphone of the electret effect type, has its output connected to a threshold comparator 5 via an appropriate amplifier with two stages 2 and 3, stage 3 being moreover adjustable. by a potentiometer 4.
  • the output of the amplifier stage 2 is also applied to the input of a two-stage amplifier low-pass filtering circuit 6.
  • this filtering circuit is to keep only the undulations of the signal picked up by the microphone proportional to the amplitude of the movements of the air mass in the site. It therefore eliminates the signal component due to a sudden change in pressure, such as that caused for example by a broken window.
  • the output signal from the filtering circuit is applied to a peak detector circuit 7 produced in the form of a window comparator, the two reference voltages V1 and V3 of which are such that V3 is greater than V1.
  • the output of the peak detector circuit 7 is used to modulate the fixed voltage V1 in a circuit 9 in order to develop the regulation signal.
  • circuit 9 The output of circuit 9 is then applied to a voltage integrator circuit, the output of which is applied to a voltage follower 10.
  • the output of the follower 10 is finally used as a sensitivity threshold in the comparator 5.
  • comparator 5 The output of comparator 5 is used to trigger, via a link 13, a counter-oscillator 14. As mentioned above, this counter-oscillator actuates a monostable rocker 16 when a predetermined number d pulses have been counted. During its switching time, the circuit 16 causes the excitation of a relay 21 controlling the alarm means.
  • the positive or negative operating polarity of the relay can be chosen by the user using a switch 20 and an inverter-mixer 19.
  • the atmospheric movements picked up by the microphone 1 are reflected at the output of the filtering circuit 6 by voltage excursions causing changes in the output state of the peak detector circuit 7. If the self-regulating switch 8 disposed at the output of this circuit 7 is in the closed position, the voltage V1 applied to the positive input of the modulator circuit 9, is modulated when the output voltage of the filtering circuit is no longer between V1 and V3, since a signal is then emitted downstream of the peak detector 71.
  • a light-emitting diode 11 disposed at the output of the voltage follower 10 makes it possible to control the operating state of the self-regulating branch.
  • the counter-oscillator 14 triggers the alarm.
  • a detection switch 15 makes it possible to choose the operating mode of the detector (shock or opening) by selecting the number of oscillations necessary for triggering.
  • Alarm indicators constituted by a light-emitting diode 17 and an acoustic vibrator 18 make it possible to control the operation of the detector in the absence of the means of a weapon proper, said vibrator being moreover controlled by a selection switch 23.
  • the regulation branch is based on the same principle, including a two-stage low-pass filter 6 slightly modified at the input voltages, followed by a window comparator 7, a self-regulation switch 8 and d 'an independence adapter circuit 9.
  • the reference voltage to be modulated is V4, whose value is greater than V1, V2 and V3.
  • the filtering circuit 6 which takes into account the ripples of the signal picked up by the cell 1, amplifies the information filtered before sending to the peak detector stage with two thresholds 7.
  • These two reference voltages V1 and V3 are the limits beyond which the excursion of the ripples caused by atmospheric disturbances and turbulence would cause inevitably a change of state of the comparator 5, via the amplifiers 2 and 3, thus triggering the terminal alarm stages, if the threshold of said comparator 5 was fixed and predetermined.
  • Three switchable indicators 11, 12 and 17 respectively signal the operation of the self-regulation branch, the sensitivity of the device and the triggering of the alarm terminal stages.
  • the first two, indicating constant operation in the standby state, are green and yellow respectively.
  • Witness 17, signaling an alert phase, is colored red.
  • a switch 22 can deactivate all the indicators simultaneously.
  • the microphone intended to receive the useful signals.
  • the waves which can be used by this type of device are aperiodic and require sensors capable of responding to extremely low frequencies, of the order of 1 Herz or even lower.
  • the selection of these microphones must therefore be carried out with particular care, the whole detector being based on the qualities of this input sensor.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Claims (2)

1. Schalldruck-Differenzdetektor für die Erfassung der aperiodischen Welle, die durch die Öffnung einer Tür oder eines Fensters in einem geschlossenen Raum bedingt ist, mit einem Mikrophon (1) und Einstellmitteln (6, 7, 9, 10) zum Verändern eines Empfindlichkeitsschwellenwertes, wobei die Mittel einen Zweig zum Einstellen der Spannung eines ersten Eingangs eines Komparators (5) aufweisen, wobei der Einstellzweig am Eingang ein erstes vom Mikrophon (1) ausgehendes Signal empfängt, das von einer Filterungsschaltung (6) abgewandelt wird und das nach dieser Abwandlung eine vorgegebene Spannung moduliert (9), wobei die Spannung des ersten Eingangs des Komparators (5) aus dieser modulierten Spannung abgeleitet wird, wobei der andere Eingang des Komparators (5) ein zweites vom Mikrophon (1) ausgehendes Signal empfängt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er versehen ist mit einer vom Komparator (5) gesteuerten Oscillator-Zählereinrichtung (14), um die Ausgangsimpulse des freien Oszillators zu zählen, und Auslösemitteln (16), um einen Alarm auszulösen, wenn der Zählerinhalt einen vorgegebenen Wert übersteigt.
2. Differenzdetektor gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auslösemittel einen monostabilen Zweig (16) aufweisen, der die Erregung eines die Alarmmittel steuernden Relais (21) bewirkt.
EP88440086A 1987-10-30 1988-10-17 Akustischer Druck-Differentialdetektor in der Alarmvorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0317459B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88440086T ATE75063T1 (de) 1987-10-30 1988-10-17 Akustischer druck-differentialdetektor in der alarmvorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8715052A FR2622719A1 (fr) 1987-10-30 1987-10-30 Detecteur differentiel de pression acoustique
FR8715052 1987-10-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0317459A2 EP0317459A2 (de) 1989-05-24
EP0317459A3 EP0317459A3 (en) 1989-08-09
EP0317459B1 true EP0317459B1 (de) 1992-04-15

Family

ID=9356331

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88440086A Expired - Lifetime EP0317459B1 (de) 1987-10-30 1988-10-17 Akustischer Druck-Differentialdetektor in der Alarmvorrichtung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0317459B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE75063T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1311292C (de)
DE (1) DE3870163D1 (de)
DK (1) DK169647B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2622719A1 (de)
GR (1) GR3005179T3 (de)
NO (1) NO174487C (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2263771A (en) * 1992-01-04 1993-08-04 Sound International Ltd Intruder alarms
DE69413332T2 (de) * 1993-07-19 1999-02-11 Ping Lee Eine Kombination eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einem Alarmsystem

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3569923A (en) * 1967-10-30 1971-03-09 Us Navy Adaptive acoustic detector apparatus
FR2122343B1 (de) * 1971-01-21 1975-02-21 Ato Inc
GB1605185A (en) * 1976-11-09 1983-03-02 Plessey Co Ltd Sensing arrangements
US4442514A (en) * 1981-11-17 1984-04-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Security system signal processor
US4479113A (en) * 1982-01-20 1984-10-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Compensated intruder-detection systems
FR2523339A1 (fr) * 1982-03-12 1983-09-16 Guglielmetti Vg Electro Dispositif de detection a capteur volumetrique a infra-sons et procede de detection par infra-sons
DE3300906A1 (de) * 1983-01-13 1984-07-19 Mauro 2054 Geesthacht Marmotti Verfahren und vorrichtung zur raum- und gebaeudeueberwachung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK169647B1 (da) 1995-01-02
DK601688D0 (da) 1988-10-28
GR3005179T3 (de) 1993-05-24
CA1311292C (fr) 1992-12-08
ATE75063T1 (de) 1992-05-15
NO884823D0 (no) 1988-10-28
DK601688A (da) 1989-05-01
NO174487B (no) 1994-01-31
NO174487C (no) 1994-05-11
EP0317459A2 (de) 1989-05-24
NO884823L (no) 1989-05-02
EP0317459A3 (en) 1989-08-09
FR2622719A1 (fr) 1989-05-05
DE3870163D1 (de) 1992-05-21

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