EP0772851B1 - Feueralarmvorrichtung mit analogem sensor - Google Patents

Feueralarmvorrichtung mit analogem sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0772851B1
EP0772851B1 EP95926439A EP95926439A EP0772851B1 EP 0772851 B1 EP0772851 B1 EP 0772851B1 EP 95926439 A EP95926439 A EP 95926439A EP 95926439 A EP95926439 A EP 95926439A EP 0772851 B1 EP0772851 B1 EP 0772851B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
value
reference value
cpu
fire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95926439A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0772851A1 (de
Inventor
Jacques Lewiner
Eugeniusz Smycz
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices fire detection system with analog sensors.
  • the invention relates to a alarm system with multiple fire detectors communicating with a remote alarm center, at least one of these fire detectors comprising, on the one hand, an electronic central unit and, on the other hand, a sensor of fire which measures a physical quantity whose variations indicate the existence of a fire, this sensor transmitting the central unit an analog electrical signal which has a value representative of said quantity physical, the central unit comprising means for measure the signal value at regular time intervals, and this central unit being designed to calculate a difference between this measured value and a value of signal reference and to send to the control panel an alarm signal representative of a fire if and only if this difference is greater than a prime predetermined threshold.
  • the electrical signal analog received by the central unit of the fire detector is subject to parasitic variations independent of the existence or not of a fire.
  • parasitic variations can be due to variations in ambient temperature or variations other ambient physical parameters.
  • the fire sensor is an ion sensor
  • variations in ambient pressure and humidity change the signal electric analog transmitted by the fire sensor to the central unit of the detector.
  • the first predetermined threshold aforementioned is usually chosen large enough, so that these parasitic variations do not cause reactions nuisance alarm
  • EP-A-70 449 discloses such a solution using numerous variable thresholds.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to remedy this drawback.
  • a device for fire detection of the genre in question is basically characterized in that the reference value taken account for each new measurement of the signal value depends on at least some of the values of said signal previously measured by the central unit, and in that the first predetermined threshold is between 10% and 20% of the reference value of the signal.
  • a detector 1 is connected to an alarm center 5 by through a pair 2 of conductors 3, 4 which extends between a first end 2a where the two conductors 3, 4 are connected respectively to two terminals 5a, 5b of the alarm center, and a second end 2b where the two conductors 3, 4 are connected to each other by a resistance R.
  • detectors 1 are connected to the pair 2 of conductors along it.
  • pairs 2 of conductors can be connected to the alarm center 5, on several pairs of terminals 5a, 5b of this alarm center.
  • each pair of terminals 5a and 5b of the alarm center are connected in series with a generator voltage 11 and a resistor R0, so that a current i is generated in pair 2 of conductors.
  • the two terminals of the resistor R0 are connected to the two inputs 9a and 9b of a voltage amplifier 9, whose output 9c is itself connected to an input analog 10a of a microprocessor 10, which thus receives a voltage representative of current i: in other words, the microprocessor 10 can indirectly measure current i.
  • detector 1 is connected to the pair 2 of conductors by means of four terminals 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, conductor 3 being connected on the one hand to terminal 3a and on the other hand at terminal 3b, and conductor 4 being connected on the one hand to terminal 4a and on the other hand to terminal 4b.
  • terminals 3a and 3b are short-circuited to each other, as are the terminals 4a and 4b.
  • the fire detector 1 includes a sensor 7 fire, including an ion sensor for detecting smoke, an optical smoke detection sensor, a sensor thermal, etc.
  • Sensor 7 measures a physical quantity the variations of which indicate the existence of a fire.
  • the fire detector 1 comprises also a microprocessor 6, which has an input analog 6a connected to sensor 7. Sensor 7 transmits to this input 6 has an analog electrical signal u, for example a voltage, which is representative of the magnitude physical measured by sensor 7, and which is therefore susceptible to indicate to microprocessor 6 the existence of a fire in the vicinity of the fire detector.
  • a microprocessor 6 which has an input analog 6a connected to sensor 7.
  • Sensor 7 transmits to this input 6 has an analog electrical signal u, for example a voltage, which is representative of the magnitude physical measured by sensor 7, and which is therefore susceptible to indicate to microprocessor 6 the existence of a fire in the vicinity of the fire detector.
  • the microprocessor 6 also has an output 6b which is connected to the base of a transistor T whose emitter and the collector are connected in series with at least one resistance R1 between conductors 3 and 4.
  • the microprocessor 6 of the detector alarm 1 measures the value of the voltage u it receives from sensor 7, at regular time intervals. These intervals for example could be between 3 and 10 seconds.
  • the microprocessor 6 compares the measured value to a reference value u0 which depends on the values measured previously, and which can be constituted for example by the last measured value, or by a function of the last measured values, for example a weighted average of the n last measured values, n being an integer at least equal to 2.
  • At least some of the values predetermined measured values which are taken into account for calculate the reference value u0 have been measured more half an hour or more than an hour before the comparison between u and u0.
  • the microprocessor 6 activates the transistor T via its output 6b, by example for a period of one second, which constitutes a alarm signal indicating to the control panel 5 the existence of a fire.
  • the threshold ⁇ 3 can be relatively small, so the fire detector 1 may exhibit optimal sensitivity without risk generating false alarms.
  • the resistance R0 of the alarm center is traversed by a increased current i which increases for example from 5 to 20 mA by compared to normal.
  • This variation of the current i crossing the resistance R0 is transmitted to the analog input 10a of the microprocessor 10 of the alarm center in the form of a voltage signal, so the microprocessor 10 can detecting the passage into alarm state of detector 1, and then trigger an alarm reaction such as operation a siren, the transmission of an alarm message to a monitoring station, etc.
  • the microprocessor 10 of the central alarm 5 is designed to measure at time intervals regular, for example every 3 to 10 seconds the current i which crosses resistance R0, via the voltage it receives at its analog input 10a.
  • the microprocessor 10 determines whether the current i indicates that one of the fire detectors 1 connected to the pair 2 of conductors is in alarm state, calculating the difference between the measured value of current i and a reference value i0, and determining if this difference is greater than or not above a predetermined threshold ⁇ 1 which may possibly have a different value depending on whether i is greater than or less than i0, and which can be example 10 to 20% of the reference value or who can be fixed at a determined electrical current for example between 3 and 15 mA.
  • control panel 5 When the control panel 5 has determined that one of the detectors 1 is in the alarm state, it in turn emits a alarm signal which may be an audible signal, or which may be a phone call, or whatever.
  • the microprocessor 6 of the detector 1 may have in memory an initial reference value U of the signal u, and be programmed to send a fault signal on pair 2 of conductors if the difference between the measured value of signal u and the reference value initial U is greater than a second predetermined threshold ⁇ 2 higher than the threshold ⁇ 3.
  • the second predetermined threshold ⁇ 2 can be equal to example 50% of the initial reference value U, and it can possibly have a first value if the value measured u is less than the initial reference value U and a second value if the measured value u is greater to the initial reference value U.
  • microprocessor 6 activates transistor T at by means of its output 6b, but by carrying the tension of the output 6b at a value different from the voltage taken by said output to generate an alarm signal, so that the increase in current i perceived by the microprocessor 10 of alarm center 5 is different from the increase in current that occurs when detector 1 has detected a fire.
  • the microprocessor 10 of the alarm center 5 is then informed that one of the fire detector 1 of the pair 2 of conductors has a fault, so that the alarm center 5 can react accordingly, for example by transmitting a fault message to a monitoring station, Or other.
  • the microprocessor 6 of the fire detector 1 when it detects a sensor fault 7 as indicated above, it can sequentially activate and deactivate transistor T so as to generate in the pair 2 of conductors a coded binary signal consisting of successive increases and decreases in current i, this coded binary signal being specific to detector 1.
  • this alarm center 5 can identify the detector 1 which is in default.
  • the output 6b of the microprocessor 6 could be an analog output to generate sinusoidal voltage, in which case the fault signal may be constituted by a frequency sent on the pair 2 of conductors and received by the microprocessor 10, this frequency preferably being specific to the fire detector 1, so that the control panel 5 can identify the fire detector that is faulty.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Alarmsystem mit mehreren Brandmeldern (1), die mit einer entfernten Alarmzentrale (5) in Verbindung stehen, wobei wenigstens einer dieser Brandmelder (1) einerseits eine elektronische Zentraleinheit (6) und andererseits einen Brandsensor (7) aufweist, der eine physikalische Größe mißt, deren Veränderungen das Vorliegen eines Brands anzeigen, wobei dieser Sensor (7) an die Zentraleinheit (6) ein elektrisches Analogsignal übermittelt, das einen für die physikalische Größe stehenden Wert (u) hat, wobei die Zentraleinheit Mittel (6a) zum Messen des Signalwertes in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen aufweist und diese Zentraleinheit so aufgebaut ist, daß sie eine Differenz zwischen diesem gemessenen Wert und einem Signalbezugswert (u0) berechnet und an die Alarmzentrale (5) ein Alarmsignal für einen Brand sendet, und zwar nur dann, wenn diese Differenz einen ersten vorgegebenen Schwellenwert (δ3) übersteigt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der für jede weitere Messung des Signalwertes berücksichtigte Bezugswert (u0) wenigstens von bestimmten Werten der zuvor von der Zentraleinheit (6) gemessenen Signalwerte abhängt,
    und daß der erste vorgegebene Schwellenwert (δ3) zwischen 10 % und 20 % des Signalbezugswertes (u0) liegt.
  2. Alarmsystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei wenigstens bestimmte Werte der obengenannten, zuvor von der Zentraleinheit (6) gemessenen Werte, von denen der Bezugswert abhängt, länger als eine halbe Stunde vor der erneuten obengenannten Messung gemessen worden sind.
  3. Alarmsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Zeitabstand zwischen zwei Messungen des Signalwerts zwischen 3 und 10 Sekunden liegt.
  4. Alarmsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der für jede weitere Messung des Signalwerts (u) des Signals berücksichtigte Bezugswert (u0) der letzte gemessene Signalwert ist.
  5. Alarmsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der für jede weitere Messung des Signalwertes (u) berücksichtigte Bezugswert (u0) ein gewichtetes Mittel der n letzten Messungen des Signals ist, wobei n eine ganze Zahl und wenigstens gleich 2 ist.
  6. Alarmsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Zentraleinheit (6) einen Ausgangsbezugswert (U) eingespeichert hat, wobei die Zentraleinheit zum Berechnen einer Differenz zwischen diesem Ausgangsbezugswert (U) und dem gemessenen Signalwert (u) und zum Auslösen einer Fehlermeldung vorgesehen ist, wenn die Differenz einen zweiten, den ersten Schwellenwert (δ3) übersteigenden, vorgegebenen Schwellenwert (δ2) überschreitet.
EP95926439A 1994-07-29 1995-07-27 Feueralarmvorrichtung mit analogem sensor Expired - Lifetime EP0772851B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9409477 1994-07-29
FR9409477A FR2723237B1 (fr) 1994-07-29 1994-07-29 Dispositif de detection d'incendie avec transmission de signal electrique analogique a une unite centrale
PCT/FR1995/001013 WO1996004625A1 (fr) 1994-07-29 1995-07-27 Dispositif de detection d'incendie comportant un capteur analogique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0772851A1 EP0772851A1 (de) 1997-05-14
EP0772851B1 true EP0772851B1 (de) 1998-05-13

Family

ID=9465925

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95926439A Expired - Lifetime EP0772851B1 (de) 1994-07-29 1995-07-27 Feueralarmvorrichtung mit analogem sensor

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0772851B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH11509340A (de)
DE (1) DE69502502T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2115390T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2723237B1 (de)
WO (2) WO1996004625A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8681011B2 (en) 2011-02-21 2014-03-25 Fred Conforti Apparatus and method for detecting fires
CN103745553A (zh) * 2013-12-25 2014-04-23 广西科技大学 一种火灾自动报警装置
US9117360B1 (en) 2014-06-06 2015-08-25 Fred Conforti Low battery trouble signal delay in smoke detectors

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3127324A1 (de) * 1981-07-10 1983-01-27 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verfahren und anordnung zur erhoehung der ansprechempfindlichkeit und der stoersicherheit in einer gefahren-, insbesondere brandmeldeanlage
JPS6219999A (ja) * 1985-07-18 1987-01-28 ホーチキ株式会社 火災報知装置
JPS62215848A (ja) * 1986-03-18 1987-09-22 Hochiki Corp 感知装置
CH669859A5 (de) * 1986-06-03 1989-04-14 Cerberus Ag
JPS6383900A (ja) * 1986-09-29 1988-04-14 ニツタン株式会社 環境異常検出器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0772851A1 (de) 1997-05-14
WO1996004624A1 (fr) 1996-02-15
FR2723237B1 (fr) 1996-10-04
WO1996004625A1 (fr) 1996-02-15
ES2115390T3 (es) 1998-06-16
DE69502502D1 (de) 1998-06-18
JPH11509340A (ja) 1999-08-17
DE69502502T2 (de) 1998-12-17
FR2723237A1 (fr) 1996-02-02

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