EP0316853A1 - Cableless danger signal system - Google Patents

Abstract

A cableless danger signalling system having at least one room CPU (RZ) which is connected via existing mains lines (NL) to a building CPU, and having a plurality of infra-red transmission devices arranged in a respective room, having in each case at least one danger signalling system (GM) connected thereto, the latter being in communication with an infra-red transmission device of the room CPU (RZ). The infra-red transmission device for sensors has a battery-fed infra-red transmitter (IRS) with a quartz-controlled pulse generator IC (PIC), to which a plurality of danger sensors (SD) are connected. One or more transmitting diodes (SD) with a relatively simple optical system are aligned with the room CPU (RZ). The room CPU (RZ) has at least one infra-red receiver (IRE) and one microprocessor system (MPS) which processes the received data and prepares it for mains transmission to the building CPU (GB) by means of an assigned mains transmission device (NUB). The room CPU (RZ) can have a non- directional all-round infra-red receiver (IRE) and the individual infra-red transmitters (IRS) can each have an individual transmitter coding. The room CPU (RZ) can also have a plurality of infra-red receivers (IRE) to which in each case a receiving optical system with an extreme beam concentration (e.g. < 2 DEG ) is assigned, in each case an infra-red receiver (IRE) being aligned with an infra-red transmitter (IRS) and the infra-red transmitters (IRS) being identical. The infra- red transmitters regularly transmit pulse spacing-modulated pulse telegrams, different status information items being transmitted. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a wireless hazard detection system, consisting of at least one room control center, a building control center, which is connected to the room control center via existing power lines, and several infrared transmission devices arranged in a respective room, each of which is connected to at least one hazard detector and which an IR transmission device in the room control center.

A device for hazard reporting with individual detectors and a signaling center in one room is already known from European laid-open specification 0 125 387. There, the signal transmission between the individual detectors and the signaling center takes place alternately with the aid of infrared radiation transmission. In this known device, the individual detectors are periodically requested by the signal center with an interrogation signal to transmit. The individual detectors respond after different time delays characteristic of the individual hazard detectors, from which the detector in question, ie its address, can be determined. Such a device for hazard reporting has also been proposed in order to reduce or avoid the not inconsiderable installation outlay, in particular when a hazard alarm system has to be installed subsequently. The individual detectors are therefore battery-powered and should therefore have low energy consumption. In the known device, the individual detectors are also disadvantageously equipped with an infrared receiver and are therefore constantly switched on and ready to receive, and nevertheless cause considerable energy consumption in this way.

In the known device, in order to reduce the energy consumption, it has already been proposed not to send a response signal, which includes the message status, each time due to an interrogation signal. The response signals are to be skipped depending on the status of the message. For example, a response signal should be sent out after each interrogation signal in the dangerous state, but only after several interrogation signals in the normal state. This measure certainly leads to energy savings, as already mentioned above, but higher energy consumption is inevitable simply because of the additional receiving devices in the detector. It is also disadvantageous that, in the event of a hazard, a detector can only issue a hazard message, and this also according to its individual time delay, when the signaling center has asked it to issue a response signal.

The object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages listed above and to enable interference-free and sabotage-proof signal transmission with the lowest possible energy consumption of the individual hazard detectors and transmitting devices for a wireless hazard detection system as described at the beginning. However, the individual detectors and transmitters should be constantly monitored for their functionality.

This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1.

In this wireless hazard detection system, the infrared transmission devices for one or more detectors have only one infrared transmitter, which sends data to the room control center with a relatively low expenditure of energy. The emitting diodes of the individual infrared transmitters, which are provided with simple optics, require a low transmission energy due to the orientation towards the room center.

The received data from the individual infrared transmitters are processed and processed in the room control center using a microprocessor system and transmitted via a network transmission device via the existing line network to a common building control center, which evaluates the corresponding messages and issues an alarm message in the event of a dangerous state.

The hazard detection system according to the invention can have an all-round infrared receiving device in the central room. On the one hand, this has the advantage that a single infrared receiving device must be provided, which is non-directional and therefore has no special optics, but which on the other hand has a decoding device in order to determine the individually coded signals of the individual transmitters according to their origin.

In an expedient embodiment of the invention, the room control center has a plurality of infrared receivers, each of which is associated with an optical receiving system with a very extreme beam bundling. This beam bundling can be less than two degrees, for example. Each of these infrared receiving devices with the optics is aligned with a corresponding infrared transmitter. Firstly, this has the advantage that all infrared transmitters can be of identical design and therefore do not require individual coding. This has the additional advantage that, due to the exact alignment, a very low transmission energy is sufficient to receive a sufficiently strong transmission signal with a large signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, this arrangement has the decisive advantage that, with the extremely narrow beam bundling and exact alignment, it is extremely difficult to deceive or disrupt the infrared receivers of the room control center with extraneous light or specifically during sabotage treatment.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the infrared transmitters regularly emit pulse telegrams with different pulse intervals, at least four different message states being able to be transmitted. In the room control center, the respective state is determined from the different pulse intervals by real-time measurement. For this purpose, an evaluation program can be provided in the microprocessor system of the room control center, which program determines the corresponding state from the pulse intervals determined. If, for example, no pulses are received, the transmission is disturbed. If impulses are received at a certain predetermined distance, the transmission is OK and an idle state can be signaled continuously. If the impulses are transmitted with a different pulse interval, the transmission is also OK and the status is interpreted in response to a danger message. If a lot of impulses occur, a foreign transmitter interference is recognized.

In an expedient embodiment, double pulses can be generated, both the spacing of the pulses between a double pulse and the different spacing of the pulse pairs being able to be used for the various status information. This further increases the security of transmission and the number of message states.

To protect against sabotage, it can be very useful to transmit additional impulses, so-called pseudo impulses, outside the given pulse intervals for the status reports, the correct arrival of the additional impulses in the room control center being recognized and evaluated accordingly. It is therefore not possible for an intelligent saboteur to "listen" to or trigger the transmission of impulses from the transmitters and then to carry out targeted manipulations.

An expedient embodiment of the invention for reducing the power consumption of the individual transmitters consists in that, in the alarm state, a series of alarm pulses with a smaller pulse interval compared to the Ruheim pulses is emitted immediately and then automatically switched over to a power-saving continuous alarm pulse transmission, the pulse interval for the permanent alarm transmission in the area of the pulse interval for the Ruheim pulses, for example a slightly larger pulse interval. This is particularly advantageous for intrusion detectors because certain areas, e.g. during the day, the formwork is defocused at the headquarters. Alarm messages that are triggered by the contacts of such monitoring devices lead to a status message and transmission for alarm, but are not forwarded as an official alarm in the control center for the duration of the disarming. In such a case, for example, from an open window on the part of the window contact triggered thereby, an alarm state is continuously transmitted from the relevant infrared transmitter via the associated room control center to the building control center, but is not reported there as an alarm because of the disarming. Since there is no information transfer from the room control center to the infrared transmitter for reasons of energy saving, the automatic switchover to the permanent alarm according to the invention ensures that the hazard detector in question is monitored in a manner similar to the transmission of the idle state if no alarm is given, but the functionality of the hazard detector, the infrared transmitter, is Transmission route and the room control center is continuously checked.

In order to align the infrared connection, ie to adjust the transmission or reception optics, the pulser IC can be controlled in each infrared transmitter in such a way that a high pulse sequence with, for example, 20 to 50 ms pulse spacing is emitted. In the room control center, this state can be output as analog DC voltage via a digital-analog converter and thus the tone frequency of a loudspeaker can be modulated so that the respective optics can be aligned quickly and precisely on the basis of the pitch.

The room control center can advantageously be battery-backed, so that monitoring of dangerous states is ensured at all times even in the event of a power failure. The building control center is equipped with a mains-independent power supply anyway, if necessary.

• Fig. 1 ein Blockschaltbild des erfindungsgemäßen kabellosen Gefahrenmeldesystems,
• Fig. 2 eine Prinzipschaltung eines Infrarotsenders und
• Fig. 3 Zeitdiagramme von Infrarot-Sendeimpulsen.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. Show

• 1 is a block diagram of the wireless hazard detection system according to the invention,
• Fig. 2 shows a basic circuit of an infrared transmitter and
• Fig. 3 timing diagrams of infrared transmission pulses.

In Fig. 1, a wireless hazard detection system with directional infrared transmission is shown schematically. Via the generally existing light network NL, several room control centers, only shown here RZ1 and RZ2, are connected bidirectionally to a building control center GZ. The building control center can be a conventional danger control center which, as only indicated here, indicates faults ST and alarm AL, but which has a suitable network transmission for data exchange. A network transmission NUB is shown in block diagram form in the room control center RZ1. It is controlled by the MPS microprocessor system. Infrared receivers IRE1 to IRE8 are connected to the microprocessor system MPS. The infrared receivers are each connected to an infrared transmitter IRS1 to IRS8, which is arranged in the same room, for example in the area of a window, via an infrared transmission link. For this purpose, the reception optics of the room control center are aligned with the transmission optics of the infrared transmitter. Here in FIG. 1, only two further infrared transmitters IRS2 and IRS3 are indicated. For example, two danger detectors GM and a door contact TK are connected to the infrared transmitter IRS2.

A motion detector BM is connected to the third infrared transmitter IRS3 as a hazard detector GM. The infrared transmitter IRS1 has, for example, two hazard detectors, a window contact FK and a glass break detector GBM. A battery-powered (BAT) pulse generator IC (PIC), which is explained in more detail in principle with reference to FIG. 3, feeds an LED transmitter, which can have, for example, two transmitter diodes SD, which are not shown here.

The wireless hazard detection system allows the various intrusion signal sources within a room to be wirelessly connected to the room control center. Now, for example, not only eight but also sixteen infrared transmitters can be connected to a room control center. All infrared transmitters transmit the status information that is present at their hazard detectors, for example alarm contacts, to the room control center, which receives these signals from the individual infrared transmitters. Each infrared transmitter has a battery-operated, free-running, quartz-controlled transmitter that emits periodic patterns of pulses. The individual pulse can be formed by a very short, for example 1.5 µs long, but have a high pulse current, for example up to 2 amps. If there is no alarm message, the infrared transmitter can, for example, regularly send an impulse described above at intervals of 250 ms. This pulse sequence is received in the room control center and interpreted as the detector's idle state, so that a wire connection is present in accordance with a quiescent current monitoring. The pulses received in the room control center RZ via the individual infrared receivers IRE1 to IRE8 are processed by means of an MPS microprocessor system. In addition to a quick and accurate real-time measurement of the pulse spacing, a computational evaluation is provided. The real-time measurement of the pulse intervals is carried out, for example, using a 24-bit synchronous counter, which is counted up by a 2 MHz quartz oscillator. When an infrared pulse arrives, the counter reading is Buffer memory is given and the counter is then reset to zero. The real-time measurement supplies a continuous stream of certain measured values, which represent the time interval between successive infrared pulses. The connected computer, ie the MPS microprocessor system, reads the data from the buffer memory and uses an evaluation program to find the respective status information of the infrared transmitters or the danger detectors connected to them from the pulse intervals determined. At least four status information are provided for each transmission channel: No pulses means that the transmission is disturbed (STu). Pulses with a defined interval for rest (RUP), for example 10 seconds, means that the transmission is OK and the connected hazard detectors are at rest. If impulses arrive at a much shorter pulse interval (ALP), for example at a interval of 250 ms, this means that the transmission is OK, but a hazard detector has responded and an alarm message is therefore available. If impulses or impulses arrive at completely different pulse intervals, a fault is detected, for example, by a third-party transmitter (STf). The transmission of double pulses has already been mentioned above. Additional information can also be obtained by measuring the pulse height of the short infrared pulses after storage in a sample-and-hold circuit using a fast analog-digital converter and then further processing them.

2 shows an example of a basic circuit diagram of an infrared transmitter IRS for directional infrared transmission. The pulse generator IC PIC is formed by a synchronization and changeover logic SUL, a changeover switch UMS, several dividers (EIT, TL, VOT) and a pseudo random generator ZGE. The synchronization and switchover logic SUL has, for example, four GMEG hazard detection inputs: A glass break detector input GBM with an associated reset input RGBM and three contact inputs, for example window contacts FK. Furthermore, the synchronization and switchover logic SUL has a set input SEE for setting up the optics and for setting the pseudo additional sequence. To set up the optics, a very high pulse sequence ARP is generated via this set input SEE. CGU. The pulse is generated, for example, with a simple clock quartz UQ and a downstream prescaler VOT, which, for example, divides the vibrations of 32 kHz down to a ratio of 32: 1, so that a 1 ms cycle arises, which on the one hand is based on an adjustable divider EIT and on the other hand on the random number generator CGU arrives. The random generator ZGE can be controlled via a reset input R by the synchronization and switching logic component SUL. In order to supply the transmit diodes SD with the various pulses and the corresponding pulse intervals, the clock pulses generated are, on the one hand, via the adjustable divider EIT, which is also controlled by the synchronizing and switching logic SUL, and via a further divider TL and one from the synchronizing and switching logic controlled switching device UNS via a pulse driver PTR. This is shown schematically to the extent that the Ruheim pulses RUP, which are emitted at a pulse interval of, for example, 10 seconds, are obtained from the pulses, which are divided down again via the divider TL, and reach the transmitter diode SD via the changeover switch UMS on the normally closed contact RU. In the event of an alarm AL, the pulses present at the output of the adjustable divider EIT, which for example have a spacing of 250 ms, are given to the transmitter diode SD via the switch contact AL of the switch UMS. The pseudo pulses PS, which can have a pulse interval of approximately 70 seconds, pass from the random generator ZGE via the changeover contact SS to the transmitter diode SD. The basic circuit diagram illustrates the mode of operation of the hazard detection system according to the invention, the necessary switching elements in the pulse generator IC PIC being implemented in the infrared transmitter IRS.

3 shows time diagrams of the infrared transmission pulses. Three different pulse telegrams are shown in the first diagram and the pulse sequence in the event of an alarm in the pulse telegram shown below. To align the infrared transmission path, a high pulse sequence ARP with, for example, a pulse interval of 20 ms is generated, which is controlled for the alignment via the set input (SEE to SUL) in the infrared transmitter. For the transmission of the idle state RU, Ruheim pulses RUP with a pulse interval of 10 sec. Are regularly transmitted from the infrared transmitters to the room control center, for example.

To protect against sabotage (SS), pseudo pulses PS are also initiated via the set input (SEE) in the synchronization and switchover logic (SUL) according to FIG. 2, which may have a pulse interval of approximately 70 seconds, for example. In the event of an alarm AL, an alarm pulse delivery ALP is generated immediately, which has a pulse interval of, for example, 250 ms. Has. This pulse is emitted, for example, sixteen times, then - as already explained above - an alarm message is automatically switched over to save electricity in such a way that the alarm pulse is given as a permanent alarm DALP with a substantially larger pulse interval, which may be, for example, close to the usual home pulse intervals. A pulse interval of 9 seconds is provided here, for example. However, a larger pulse interval can also be selected, for example 12 seconds, which is then greater than the interval for Ruheim pulses. With the infrared transmitter shown here, an average power consumption of less than 3 µA is achieved, so that a capacity for five years can be guaranteed with the long-term batteries provided there. Therefore, such a battery capacity design is certainly sufficient for such hazard detection systems, so that additional monitoring of the capacity of the battery is not necessary. One too early decrease in battery capacity would in any case be reported as a fault if the specified pulse sequences no longer arrive at the room control center in time and can be interpreted accordingly by the evaluation there.

Claims (10)

1. Wireless hazard detection system, consisting of at least one room control center (RZ), a building control center (GZ), which is connected to the room control center via existing power lines (NL), and several infrared transmission devices arranged in a respective room, each of which has at least one Hazard detector (GM) is connected, and which are connected to an infrared transmission device in the room control center (RZ),
characterized in that the infrared transmission device for detectors has a battery-powered infrared transmitter (IRS) with a quartz-controlled pulser IC (PIC), to which several hazard detectors or sensors (GM) are connected, that one or more transmitter diodes (SD ) are provided, which are assigned a relatively simple optics and which are aligned with the room center (RZ), and that the room center (RZ) has at least one infrared receiver (IRE) and a microprocessor system (MPS) that processes the received data and for network transmission processed to the building control center (GB) via an assigned network transmission device (NUB). 2. Wireless hazard detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the room center (RZ) has an omnidirectional all-round infrared receiver (IRE), and that the individual infrared transmitter (IRS) each have a different transmitter coding. 3. Wireless hazard detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the room control center (RZ) has a plurality of infrared receivers (IRE), each of which is associated with an optical receiving system with an extreme beam bundling (eg <2 °), that an infrared receiver (IRE) on each Infrared transmitter (IRS) is aligned, and that the infrared transmitter (IRS) are identical, ie without individual coding. 4. Wireless hazard alarm system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the infrared transmitter (IRS) regularly emit pulse-distance-modulated pulse telegrams (RUP, PS, ALP, DALP), at least four different status information (RU, AL, STu, STt) being transmitted and that the corresponding states are determined in the room control center (RZ) by real-time measurement. 5. Wireless hazard detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that double pulses are generated, the different status information depending on different intervals of the pulses of the double pulse and on different intervals of the pulse pairs. 6. Wireless hazard detection system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that randomly generated (CGU) additional pulses (PS) are transmitted outside the pulse intervals for the status messages to protect against sabotage (SS), the correct arrival of the additional pulse (PS) is recognized in the room control center (RZ). 7. Wireless hazard detection system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the alarm state (AL) after emitting a series of alarm pulses (ALP, for example 16) with a small pulse interval (for example about 250 ms.) Versus resting pulses (RUP; for example approx. 10 sec.) is automatically switched to energy-saving permanent alarm (DALP), the pulse interval for permanent alarm (DALP) being in the range of the pulse interval for idle pulses. 8. Wireless hazard detection system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for aligning the infrared connection in the infrared transmitter (IRS) a pulse train (ARP) with a very small pulse interval (for example about 20 ms.) Can be generated (SEE). 9. Wireless hazard detection system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the building control center (GZ) with the room control center (RZ) is connected bidirectionally and synchronizes the entire reporting system. 10. Wireless hazard detection system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the room control center (RZ) is battery-backed.

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