EP0313813B1 - Gas blast switch - Google Patents

Gas blast switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0313813B1
EP0313813B1 EP88115522A EP88115522A EP0313813B1 EP 0313813 B1 EP0313813 B1 EP 0313813B1 EP 88115522 A EP88115522 A EP 88115522A EP 88115522 A EP88115522 A EP 88115522A EP 0313813 B1 EP0313813 B1 EP 0313813B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
contact member
arcing
fixed
movable
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EP88115522A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0313813B2 (en
EP0313813A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Dr. Kirchesch
Arnold Meier
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ABB AG Germany
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H2001/508—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position with mechanical means to prevent return/reverse movement of movable contact once opening or closing cycle has started
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H2033/028—Details the cooperating contacts being both actuated simultaneously in opposite directions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/904—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism characterised by the transmission between operating mechanism and piston or movable contact

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a gas pressure switch according to the first part of patent claim 1.
  • Such a switch is known for example from US-A-4,658,108.
  • the known switch has a pressure space with constant volume enclosed by the movable of its two switching pieces.
  • switching gas generated compressed gas is supplied to this pressure chamber, which gas is used to blow the switching arc when the current to be switched off approaches a zero crossing.
  • this saves a significant amount of drive energy compared to a compressed gas switch, in which the compressed gas used to blow the switching arc is generated exclusively by a piston-cylinder compression device operated by the switch drive, however, such a switch has so far only been able to increase the contact separation speed, if so desired a significant increase in drive energy can be achieved.
  • the invention solves the problem of developing a pressure gas switch of the type mentioned in such a way that its burn-off contact separation speed is significantly increased compared to the drive speed without any significant increase in its drive energy and without changing its extinguishing geometry.
  • the compressed gas switch according to the invention is characterized in that it now also masters switching cases in which a high erosion contact separation speed plays an important role. This is particularly important when switching capacitive currents, which can now be switched safely and without any significant increase in drive energy.
  • CH-A-524 887 also describes an electrical compression switch in which, when switched off, a first two erosion contacts are moved by a drive and a second of the two erosion contacts after a predeterminable partial stroke of the first erosion contact under the action of a charged spring against the direction of movement of the first Burning contact is performed.
  • a favorable extinguishing distance between the burnup contacts that separate when switching off and the base points of a switching arc is achieved very quickly without a large drive.
  • the contact separation speed is practically zero. This is disadvantageous for certain switching cases, such as when switching capacitive currents, in particular if only a small amount of extinguishing gas is available.
  • FR-A-14 48 854 shows a switch disconnector with two contacts which are each locked and connected to one another when switched off under the action of a charged spring mechanism.
  • the contacts are released after a predeterminable partial stroke of one of the two contacts moved by a drive, the two contacts are removed in opposite directions from one another by the charged spring accumulator.
  • a switching arc drawn between the separating contacts commutates from the non-driven contact to a metal nozzle and is blown by extinguishing gas which is guided radially outwards through the metal nozzle.
  • the metal nozzle serving as the erosion contact is attached to the movable part of a pneumatically acting piston-cylinder arrangement which is driven by one of the supercharged spring accumulators.
  • a high speed of the metal nozzle serving as the erosion contact and thus a high contact separation speed can only be achieved with this switch with an extremely strong and therefore comparatively complex and bulky spring accumulator.
  • Both contact pieces 1, 2 are essentially rotationally symmetrical and are each electrically conductively connected to a power connection (not shown). Both contact pieces 1 and 2 each have a nominal current 4 or 5 and an erosion contact 6 or 7.
  • the contact piece 1 can be moved along the axis 3 by a drive, also not shown, and has an insulating nozzle 8 arranged coaxially between the nominal current 4 and erosion contact 6 and rigidly connected to the nominal current 4 and erosion contact 6, with a nozzle constriction 9 and preferably for Storage of compressed gas provided, annular pressure chamber 10, which can be connected via an annular channel 11 provided between the erosion contact 6 and the inner wall of the insulating nozzle 8 and the nozzle constriction 9 to an exhaust chamber 12 located downstream of the nozzle constriction 9.
  • the contact piece 2 contains a sliding contact 14, which is coaxially encompassed by the nominal current contact 5 and connected to the nominal current contact 5 via electrically conductive webs 13, in which the pin-shaped erosion contact 7 is displaceably guided in the axial direction.
  • the current transfer from the sliding contact 14 to the erosion contact 7 is ensured here by contact lamellae 15, and the guiding of the erosion contact 7 by bearing rings 16 and 17, for example, made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the upper end of the compression spring 20 is supported on the sliding contact 14.
  • a recess 21 which is arranged essentially downstream of the nozzle constriction 9 and in which a spring-loaded pawl 23 which cooperates with the latching part 18 through an opening 22 provided downstream of the nozzle constriction 9 is rotatably mounted.
  • a nose 24 cooperating with the pawl 23 is fastened on the inner surface of the rated current contact 5.
  • the switching piece 1 When switching off, the switching piece 1 is moved along the axis 3 by the drive, not shown. After a predetermined stroke, the two rated current contacts 4, 5 separate and the current to be switched off commutates into a current path formed by the erosion contacts 6, 7.
  • the erosion contact 7 held by the pawl 23 then follows the contact piece 1 at the same speed and with the compression spring 20 charged until the pawl 23, which acts as a ratchet, is rotated clockwise after hitting the fixed nose 24 after a predetermined period of time.
  • the latching part 18 and thus also the erosion contact 7 serving as the clamping part of a clamping mechanism are released. Under the action of the now charged compression spring 20, the erosion contact 7 reverses its direction of movement (right part of FIG.
  • a switching arc is obtained between the erosion contacts 6 and 7, which fills the pressure chamber 10 with heated insulating gas. After the nozzle constriction 9 has been released by the erosion contact 7, the switching arc is blown by the insulating gas stored in the pressure chamber 10 when the current is approaching a zero crossing and is extinguished.
  • the high contact separation speed ensures that the insulation distance between the two erosion contacts 6 and 7 is large enough to withstand the recurring voltage.
  • the contact separation speed is the limiting variable, which can be increased significantly in a simple manner compared to a comparable switch according to the prior art by the measures described, without excessively increasing the drive energy and without changing the quenching geometry of the contact arrangement.
  • an increased contact separation speed is achieved without the quenching behavior of the contact arrangement Change, achieved by using a rack and pinion gear as a moving element instead of a barrier.
  • the rack and pinion gear has two gear wheels 25, 26, each rotatably mounted on the switching piece 2 about an azimuthally guided axis, and four gear racks 27 to 30 aligned parallel to the axis 3, of which the racks 27 and 30, respectively, at the downstream end of the insulating nozzle 8 are fixed and each with radially inward teeth with radially outwardly facing teeth of the gear 25 and 26 respectively.
  • the toothed racks 28 and 29 are embedded on diametrically opposite outer surfaces of the erosion contact 7 which can be moved in the direction of the axis 3.
  • the movable contact piece 1 and thus also the racks 27 and 30 are guided upwards.
  • This upward movement is converted via the gears 25 and 26 on the racks 28 and 29 into a movement of the erosion contact 7 which takes place at the same speed but is directed in the opposite direction.
  • the erosion contacts 6 and 7 are then separated from one another while maintaining the extinguishing geometry of the contact arrangement at twice the drive speed.

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Bei der Erfindung wird ausgegangen von einem Druckgasschalter gemäss dem ersten Teil von Patentanspruch 1.The invention is based on a gas pressure switch according to the first part of patent claim 1.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Ein derartiger Schalter ist etwa aus US-A-4,658,108 bekannt. Der bekannte Schalter weist einen vom beweglichen seiner beiden Schaltstücke umschlossenen Druckraum mit konstantem Volumen auf. Diesem Druckraum wird beim Ausschalten schaltlichtbogenerzeugtes Druckgas zugeführt, welches zur Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens bei Annäherung des abzuschaltenden Stromes an einen Nulldruchgang verwendet wird. Hierdurch wird zwar in erheblichem Masse Antriebsenergie gespart gegenüber einem Druckgasschalter, bei dem das zur Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens verwendete Druckgas ausschliesslich durch eine vom Schalterantrieb betätigte Kolben-Zylinder-Kompressionseinrichtung erzeugt wird, jedoch konnte bei einem solchen Schalter eine gegebenenfalls erwünschte Erhöhung der Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit bisher nur durch eine erhebliche Vergrösserung der Antriebsenergie erreicht werden.Such a switch is known for example from US-A-4,658,108. The known switch has a pressure space with constant volume enclosed by the movable of its two switching pieces. When switching off, switching gas generated compressed gas is supplied to this pressure chamber, which gas is used to blow the switching arc when the current to be switched off approaches a zero crossing. Although this saves a significant amount of drive energy compared to a compressed gas switch, in which the compressed gas used to blow the switching arc is generated exclusively by a piston-cylinder compression device operated by the switch drive, however, such a switch has so far only been able to increase the contact separation speed, if so desired a significant increase in drive energy can be achieved.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Die Erfindung, wie sie in Patentanspruch 1 definiert ist, löst die Aufgabe, einen Druckgasschalter der eingangs genannten Gattung derart weiterzubilden, dass dessen Abbrandkontakttrenngeschwindigkeit gegenüber der Antriebsgeschwindigkeit ohne nennenswerte Vergrösserung seiner Antriebsenergie und ohne Veränderung seiner Löschgeometrie wesentlich erhöht ist.The invention, as defined in claim 1, solves the problem of developing a pressure gas switch of the type mentioned in such a way that its burn-off contact separation speed is significantly increased compared to the drive speed without any significant increase in its drive energy and without changing its extinguishing geometry.

Der erfindungsgemässe Druckgasschalter zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass er nun zusätzlich Schaltfälle beherrscht, bei denen eine hohe Abbrandkontakttrenngeschwindigkeit eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Dies ist besonders beim Schalten kapazitiver Ströme von Bedeutung, welche sich nun in sichere Weise und ohne nennenswerte Erhöhung der Antriebsenergie schalten lassen.The compressed gas switch according to the invention is characterized in that it now also masters switching cases in which a high erosion contact separation speed plays an important role. This is particularly important when switching capacitive currents, which can now be switched safely and without any significant increase in drive energy.

Aus DE-C2-29 46 929 ist es zwar bekannt, die Trenngeschwindigkeit der Leistungskontakte eines Druckgasschalters dadurch zu erhöhen, dass der Leistungskontakt des beweglichen Schaltstückes über eine vom Schalterantrieb betätigte Hebelanordnung oder ein Zahnstangengetriebe betätigt wird. Hierbei wird jedoch die Löschgeometrie der Kontaktanordnung des Druckgasschalters verändert und damit dessen Löschvermögen beeinflusst. Darüber hinaus verschliesst der Leistungskontakt des beweglichen Schaltstückes bei diesem Schalter den Strömungsausgang des Kompressionsraums einer vom Schalterantrieb während des Ausschaltens betätigten Kolben-Zylinder-Kompressionseinrichtung nahezu während der gesamten Kompressionsphase. Daher benötigt dieser Schalter eine vergleichsweise hohe Antriebsenergie.From DE-C2-29 46 929 it is known to increase the speed of disconnection of the power contacts of a compressed gas switch in that the power contact of the movable contact is actuated via a lever arrangement operated by the switch drive or a rack and pinion gear. However, the extinguishing geometry of the contact arrangement of the pressure gas switch is changed and thus its extinguishing capacity is influenced. In addition, the power contact of the movable contact piece in this switch closes the flow outlet of the compression space of a piston-cylinder compression device actuated by the switch drive during the switch-off almost during the entire compression phase. This switch therefore requires a comparatively high drive energy.

In CH-A-524 887 ist ferner ein elektrischer Kompressionsschalter beschrieben, bei dem beim Ausschalten ein erster zweier Abbrandkontakte von einem Antrieb bewegt und ein zweiter der beiden Abbrandkontakte nach einem vorgebbaren Teilhub des ersten Abbrandkontaktes unter der Wirkung einer aufgeladenen Feder entgegen der Bewegungsrichtung des ersten Abbrandkontaktes geführt wird. Hierdurch wird ohne grossen Antrieb sehr rasch eine günstige Löschdistanz zwischen den beim Ausschalten sich trennenden und die Fusspunkte eines Schaltlichtbogens führenden Abbrandkontakten erreicht. Im Moment der Kontakttrennung der beiden Abbrandkontakte ist die Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit jedoch praktisch Null. Dies ist für bestimmte Schaltfälle, wie etwa beim Schalten kapazitiver Ströme, insbesondere dann von Nachteil, wenn nur eine geringe Menge an Löschgas zur Verfügung steht.CH-A-524 887 also describes an electrical compression switch in which, when switched off, a first two erosion contacts are moved by a drive and a second of the two erosion contacts after a predeterminable partial stroke of the first erosion contact under the action of a charged spring against the direction of movement of the first Burning contact is performed. As a result, a favorable extinguishing distance between the burnup contacts that separate when switching off and the base points of a switching arc is achieved very quickly without a large drive. However, at the moment of the contact separation of the two erosion contacts, the contact separation speed is practically zero. This is disadvantageous for certain switching cases, such as when switching capacitive currents, in particular if only a small amount of extinguishing gas is available.

FR-A-14 48 854 zeigt einen Lasttrennschalter mit zwei beim Ausschalten jeweils unter der Wirkung eines aufgeladenen Federspeichers stehenden und miteinander verklinkten Kontakten. Beim Entklinken der Kontakte nach einem vorgebbaren Teilhub eines von einem Antrieb bewegten beider Kontakte werden die beiden Kontakte durch die aufgeladenen Federspeicher gegenläufig voneinander entfernt. Ein zwischen den sich trennenden Kontakten gezogener Schaltlichtbogen kommutiert vom nicht angetriebenen Kontakt auf eine Metalldüse und wird durch Löschgas beblasen, welches durch die Metalldüse radial nach aussen geführt wird. Bei diesem Schalter ist die als Abbrandkontakt dienende Metalldüse am beweglichen Teil einer pneumatisch wirkenden und von einem der aufgeladenen Federspeicher angetriebenen Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung befestigt. Eine hohe Geschwindigkeit der als Abbrandkontakt dienenden Metalldüse und damit eine hohe Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit kann bei diesem Schalter nur mit einem äusserst starken und daher vergleichsweise aufwendigen und sperrigen Federspeicher erreicht werden.FR-A-14 48 854 shows a switch disconnector with two contacts which are each locked and connected to one another when switched off under the action of a charged spring mechanism. When the contacts are released after a predeterminable partial stroke of one of the two contacts moved by a drive, the two contacts are removed in opposite directions from one another by the charged spring accumulator. A switching arc drawn between the separating contacts commutates from the non-driven contact to a metal nozzle and is blown by extinguishing gas which is guided radially outwards through the metal nozzle. In this switch, the metal nozzle serving as the erosion contact is attached to the movable part of a pneumatically acting piston-cylinder arrangement which is driven by one of the supercharged spring accumulators. A high speed of the metal nozzle serving as the erosion contact and thus a high contact separation speed can only be achieved with this switch with an extremely strong and therefore comparatively complex and bulky spring accumulator.

WEG ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAY OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine Aufsicht auf einen axial geführten Schnitt durch eine Kontaktanordnung eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters, welche im linken Teil im Einschaltzustand und im rechten Teil während des Ausschaltens dargestellt ist, und
  • Fig. 2 eine Aufsicht auf einen axial geführten Schnitt durch eine Kontaktanordnung eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters, welche im linken Teil im Einschaltzustand und im rechten Teil im Ausschaltzustand dargestellt ist.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. Here shows:
  • 1 is a plan view of an axially guided section through a contact arrangement of an embodiment of the compressed gas switch according to the invention, which is shown in the left part when switched on and in the right part during switching off, and
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of an axially guided section through a contact arrangement of a further embodiment of the compressed gas switch according to the invention, which is shown in the left part in the on state and in the right part in the off state.

In Fig. 1 sind zwei in einem nicht dargestellten, isoliergasgefüllten Gehäuse befindliche Schaltstükke 1, 2 dargestellt, welche längs einer Achse 3 miteinander in oder ausser Eingriff bringbar sind. Beide Schaltstücke 1, 2 sind im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet und sind jeweils mit einem nicht dargestellten Stromanschluss elektrisch leitend verbunden. Beide Schaltstücke 1 bzw. 2 weisen jeweils einen Nennstrom- 4 bzw. 5 sowie einen Abbrandkontakt 6 bzw. 7 auf.1 shows two switch pieces 1, 2 located in a housing (not shown) filled with insulating gas, which can be brought into or out of engagement with one another along an axis 3. Both contact pieces 1, 2 are essentially rotationally symmetrical and are each electrically conductively connected to a power connection (not shown). Both contact pieces 1 and 2 each have a nominal current 4 or 5 and an erosion contact 6 or 7.

Das Schaltstück 1 kann von einem ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Antrieb längs der Achse 3 verschoben werden und weist eine koaxial zwischen Nennstrom- 4 und Abbrandkontakt 6 angeordnete und starr mit dem Nennstrom- 4 und Abbrandkontakt 6 verbundene Isolierdüse 8 mit einer Düsenengstelle 9 auf sowie einen vorzugsweise zum Speichern von Druckgas vorgesehenen, ringförmigen Druckraum 10, welcher über einen zwischen Abbrandkontakt 6 und Innenwand der Isolierdüse 8 vorgesehenen Ringkanal 11 und die Düsenengstelle 9 mit einem stromabwärts der Düsenengstelle 9 befindlichen Auspuffraum 12 verbindbar ist.The contact piece 1 can be moved along the axis 3 by a drive, also not shown, and has an insulating nozzle 8 arranged coaxially between the nominal current 4 and erosion contact 6 and rigidly connected to the nominal current 4 and erosion contact 6, with a nozzle constriction 9 and preferably for Storage of compressed gas provided, annular pressure chamber 10, which can be connected via an annular channel 11 provided between the erosion contact 6 and the inner wall of the insulating nozzle 8 and the nozzle constriction 9 to an exhaust chamber 12 located downstream of the nozzle constriction 9.

Das Schaltstück 2 enthält einen vom Nennstromkontakt 5 koaxial umfassten und über elektrisch leitende Stege 13 mit dem Nennstromkontakt 5 verbundenen Gleitkontakt 14, in dem der stiftförmig ausgebildete Abbrandkontakt 7 in axialer Richtung verschieblich geführt ist. Der Stromübergang vom Gleitkontakt 14 auf den Abbrandkontakt 7 ist hierbei durch Kontaktlamellen 15, die Führung des Abbrandkontaktes 7 durch etwa aus Polytetrafluoräthylen bestehende Lagerringe 16 bzw. 17 gewährleistet.The contact piece 2 contains a sliding contact 14, which is coaxially encompassed by the nominal current contact 5 and connected to the nominal current contact 5 via electrically conductive webs 13, in which the pin-shaped erosion contact 7 is displaceably guided in the axial direction. The current transfer from the sliding contact 14 to the erosion contact 7 is ensured here by contact lamellae 15, and the guiding of the erosion contact 7 by bearing rings 16 and 17, for example, made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

Am Abbrandkontakt 7 sind ein Verklinkungsteil 18 befestigt sowie eine Ringscheibe 19, auf welcher sich eine Druckfeder 20 mit ihrem unteren Ende abstützt. Das obere Ende der Druckfeder 20 stützt sich auf dem Gleitkontakt 14 ab. In der Isolierdüse 8 ist eine im wesentlichen stromabwärts der Düsenengstelle 9 angeordnete Ausnehmung 21 vorgesehen, in der eine federbelastete und mit dem Verklinkungsteil 18 durch eine stromabwärts der Düsenengstelle 9 vorgesehene Oeffnung 22 zusammenwirkende Klinke 23 drehbar gelagert ist. Eine mit der Klinke 23 zusammenwirkende Nase 24 ist auf der Innenfläche des Nennstromkontaktes 5 befestigt.A latching part 18 and an annular disk 19, on which a compression spring 20 is supported with its lower end, are fastened to the erosion contact 7. The upper end of the compression spring 20 is supported on the sliding contact 14. Provided in the insulating nozzle 8 is a recess 21 which is arranged essentially downstream of the nozzle constriction 9 and in which a spring-loaded pawl 23 which cooperates with the latching part 18 through an opening 22 provided downstream of the nozzle constriction 9 is rotatably mounted. A nose 24 cooperating with the pawl 23 is fastened on the inner surface of the rated current contact 5.

Beim Ausschalten wird das Schaltstück 1 durch den nicht dargestellten Antrieb längs der Achse 3 nach oben bewegt. Nach einem vorgegebenen Hub trennen sich die beiden Nennstromkontakte 4, 5 und kommutiert der abzuschaltende Strom in einen durch die Abbrandkontakte 6, 7 gebildeten Strompfad. Der von der Klinke 23 gehaltene Abbrandkontakt 7 folgt dem Schaltstück 1 währenddessen so lange mit der gleichen Geschwindigkeit und unter Aufladung der Druckfeder 20 nach bis die als Gesperre wirkende Klinke 23 nach einer vorbestimmten Zeitspanne durch Auftreffen auf die feststehende Nase 24 im Uhrzeigersinn gedreht wird. Hierbei werden das Verklinkungsteil 18 und damit auch der als Spannteil eines Spannwerks dienende Abbrandkontakt 7 freigegeben. Unter der Wirkung der nunmehr aufgeladenen Druckfeder 20 kehrt der Abbrandkontakt 7 seine Bewegungsrichtung um (rechter Teil von Fig. 1) und werden die beiden Abbrandkontakte 6 und 7 nunmehr gegenläufig angetrieben. Bedingt durch die vergleichsweise geringe träge Masse des Abbrandkontaktes 7 und eine geeignet gemessene Eindringtiefe des Abbrandkontaktes 7 im hohlen Abbrandkontakt 6 lässt sich selbst bei Verwendung einer vergleichsweise schwach bemessenen Druckfeder 20 im Moment der Trennung der beiden Abbrandkontakte 6 und 7 eine hohe, etwa der Antriebsgeschwindigkeit entsprechende aber entgegengesetzt gerichtete Geschwindigkeit des Abbrandkontaktes 7 erreichen. Im Moment der Kontakttrennung bewegen sich daher die beiden Abbrandkontakte 6 und 7 etwa mit doppelter Antriebsgeschwindigkeit auseinander.When switching off, the switching piece 1 is moved along the axis 3 by the drive, not shown. After a predetermined stroke, the two rated current contacts 4, 5 separate and the current to be switched off commutates into a current path formed by the erosion contacts 6, 7. The erosion contact 7 held by the pawl 23 then follows the contact piece 1 at the same speed and with the compression spring 20 charged until the pawl 23, which acts as a ratchet, is rotated clockwise after hitting the fixed nose 24 after a predetermined period of time. Here, the latching part 18 and thus also the erosion contact 7 serving as the clamping part of a clamping mechanism are released. Under the action of the now charged compression spring 20, the erosion contact 7 reverses its direction of movement (right part of FIG. 1) and the two erosion contacts 6 and 7 are now driven in opposite directions. Due to the comparatively low inertial mass of the erosion contact 7 and a suitably measured penetration depth of the erosion contact 7 in the hollow erosion contact 6, even when a comparatively weak compression spring 20 is used, a high, approximately corresponding to the drive speed, can be achieved at the moment the two erosion contacts 6 and 7 are separated but reach the opposite direction of speed of the erosion contact 7. At the moment of contact separation, the two erosion contacts 6 and 7 therefore move apart at approximately twice the drive speed.

Bei der Kontakttrennung wird zwischen den Abbrandkontakten 6 und 7 ein Schaltlichtbogen bezogen, der den Druckraum 10 mit aufgeheiztem Isoliergas füllt. Nach Freigabe der Düsenengstelle 9 durch den Abbrandkontakt 7 wird der Schaltlichtbogen bei Annäherung des abgeschalteten Stroms an einen Nulldurchgang durch das im Druckraum 10 gespeicherte Isoliergas beblasen und zum Erlöschen gebracht. Durch die grosse Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit ist hierbei sichergestellt, dass die Isolierdistanz zwischen den beiden Abbrandkontakten 6 und 7 gross genug ist, um der wiederkehrenden Spannung standhalten zu können. Besonders beim Schalten kapazitiver Ströme ist die Kontakttrennungsgeschwindigkeit die begrenzende Grösse, welche sich durch die beschriebenen Massnahmen, ohne die Antriebsenergie übermässig zu erhöhen und ohne die Löschgeometrie der Kontaktanordnung zu verändern, gegenüber einem vergleichbaren Schalter nach dem Stand der Technik in einfacher Weise wesentlich erhöhen lässt.In the case of contact separation, a switching arc is obtained between the erosion contacts 6 and 7, which fills the pressure chamber 10 with heated insulating gas. After the nozzle constriction 9 has been released by the erosion contact 7, the switching arc is blown by the insulating gas stored in the pressure chamber 10 when the current is approaching a zero crossing and is extinguished. The high contact separation speed ensures that the insulation distance between the two erosion contacts 6 and 7 is large enough to withstand the recurring voltage. Especially when switching capacitive currents, the contact separation speed is the limiting variable, which can be increased significantly in a simple manner compared to a comparable switch according to the prior art by the measures described, without excessively increasing the drive energy and without changing the quenching geometry of the contact arrangement.

Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters wird eine erhöhte Kontakttrennungsgeschwindigkeit, ohne das Löschverhalten der Kontaktanordnung zu verändern, dadurch erreicht, dass als Wanderelement anstelle eines Sperrwerks ein Zahnstangengetriebe verwendet wird. Das Zahnstangengetriebe weist hierbei zwei am Schaltstück 2 jeweils um eine azimutal geführte Achse drehbar gelagerte Zahnräder 25, 26 auf, sowie vier parallel zur Achse 3 ausgerichtete Zahnstangen 27 bis 30, von denen die Zahnstangen 27 bzw. 30 jeweils am stromabwärts gelegenen Ende der Isolierdüse 8 befestigt sind und jeweils mit radial nach innen gerichteten Zähnen mit radial nach aussen weisenden Zähnen des Zahnrades 25 bzw. 26 in Eingriff sind. Die Zahnstangen 28 bzw. 29 sind an einander diametral gegenüberliegenden Aussenflächen des in Richtung der Achse 3 verschieblichen Abbrandkontaktes 7 eingelassen.In the exemplary embodiment of the compressed gas switch according to the invention shown in FIG. 2, an increased contact separation speed is achieved without the quenching behavior of the contact arrangement Change, achieved by using a rack and pinion gear as a moving element instead of a barrier. The rack and pinion gear has two gear wheels 25, 26, each rotatably mounted on the switching piece 2 about an azimuthally guided axis, and four gear racks 27 to 30 aligned parallel to the axis 3, of which the racks 27 and 30, respectively, at the downstream end of the insulating nozzle 8 are fixed and each with radially inward teeth with radially outwardly facing teeth of the gear 25 and 26 respectively. The toothed racks 28 and 29 are embedded on diametrically opposite outer surfaces of the erosion contact 7 which can be moved in the direction of the axis 3.

Beim Ausschalten werden bei dieser Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters das bewegliche Schaltstück 1 und damit auch cie Zahnstangen 27 und 30 nach oben geführt. Diese nach oben gerichtete Bewegung wird über die Zahnräder 25 und 26 auf die Zahnstangen 28 und 29 in eine mit gleicher Geschwindigkeit erfolgende, aber entgegengesetzt gerichtete Bewegung des Abbrandkontaktes 7 umgewandelt. Bei der Kontakttrennung werden dann die Abbrandkontakte 6 und 7 bei Beibehalt der Löschgeometrie der Kontaktanordnung mit doppelter Antriebsgeschwindigkeit voneinander entfernt.When switching off, in this embodiment of the compressed gas switch according to the invention, the movable contact piece 1 and thus also the racks 27 and 30 are guided upwards. This upward movement is converted via the gears 25 and 26 on the racks 28 and 29 into a movement of the erosion contact 7 which takes place at the same speed but is directed in the opposite direction. When the contacts are separated, the erosion contacts 6 and 7 are then separated from one another while maintaining the extinguishing geometry of the contact arrangement at twice the drive speed.

Durch die Verwendung zweier diametral zur Achse 3 angeordneter Zahnräder 25 und 26 wird eine nahezu kräftefreie Führung der auf Gleitlagern 31 bzw. 32 abgestützten Zahnstangen 28, 29 und entsprechend auch des Abbrandkontaktes 7 erreicht, wodurch erhebliche Antriebsenergie eingespart werden kann. Entsprechend lässt sich auch bei der Ausführungsform gemäss Fig. 1 Antriebsenergie einsparen, wenn der Abbrandkontakt 7 beim Ausschalten zunächst von 2 diametral zur Achse 3 angeordneten Klinken 23 gehalten wird.Through the use of two gear wheels 25 and 26 arranged diametrically to the axis 3, an almost force-free guidance of the toothed racks 28, 29 supported on slide bearings 31 and 32 and correspondingly also of the erosion contact 7 is achieved, whereby considerable drive energy can be saved. Correspondingly, drive energy can also be saved in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 if the erosion contact 7 is initially held by two pawls 23 arranged diametrically to the axis 3 when it is switched off.

Claims (5)

1. Compressed-gas breaker having two contact members (1, 2) which are movable relative to each other along an axis (3) and in each case have at least one arcing contact (6, 7), of which contact members one (1) is of movable design and another (2) is of fixed design, and the arcing contact (7) provided on the fixed contact member (2) is of a pin-shaped design and, in the making state, is penetrated in the arcing contact (6), of hollow design, of the movable contact member (1), moved at driving speed upon breaking, having a pressure space (10) of a volume independent of the switching travel, fixed on the movable contact member (1) and storing compressed quenching gas in breaking, and having an insulating nozzle (8) which is arranged coaxially to the two contact members (1, 2), is fixed on the movable contact member (1) and the nozzle constriction (9) of which has, in the making position, the arcing contact (7) of the fixed contact member (2) passing through it and, in breaking, connects the pressure space (10) with an exhaust space (12), characterised in that the arcing contact (7) of the fixed contact member (2) is guided displaceably in axial direction in a sliding contact (14) and is part of a converter element, which is operated by the movable contact member (1), is arranged downstream of the nozzle constriction (9) and, in breaking, transfers the movement of the movable contact member (1) oppositely onto the arcing contact (7) of the fixed contact member (2) and in that the depth of penetration of the pin-shaped arcing contact (7) into the hollow arcing contact (6) and the converter element are dimensioned in such a way that the two arcing contacts (6, 7) move apart, approximately at twice the driving speed, at the moment of contact parting.
2. Compressed-gas breaker according to Claim 1, characterised in that the converter element is a blocking mechanism, having a block moved by the movable contact member (1) and a tensioning part acting as arcing contact (7) of the movable contact member (2).
3. Compressed-gas breaker according to Claim 2, characterised in that the block has at least one latch (23) which is mounted rotationally movably in the insulating nozzle (8) and taken through an opening (22) downstream of the nozzle constriction (9) into the exhaust space (12), and in that the arcing contact (7) acting as tensioning part is mounted displaceably against the action of a compression spring (20) and has a latching part (18) interacting with the at least one latch (23).
4. Compressed-gas breaker according to Claim 1, characterized in that the converter element is a rack-and-pinion gear having at least one gear wheel (25, 26), rotatably mounted on the second contact member (2), and at least two toothed racks (27, 28, 29, 30), arranged in parallel with the axis (3) and interacting with at least one gear wheel (25, 26), of which toothed racks at least a first (27, 30) is fixed on the insulating nozzle (8) and at least a second is recessed into the arcing contact (7) of the fixed contact member (2).
5. Compressed-gas breaker according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the converter element acts at two points arranged diametrically with respect to the axis (3) on the arcing contact (7) of the fixed contact member (2).
EP88115522A 1987-10-27 1988-09-22 Gas blast switch Expired - Lifetime EP0313813B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4211/87 1987-10-27
CH4211/87A CH675175A5 (en) 1987-10-27 1987-10-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0313813A1 EP0313813A1 (en) 1989-05-03
EP0313813B1 true EP0313813B1 (en) 1993-09-01
EP0313813B2 EP0313813B2 (en) 1997-04-02

Family

ID=4271870

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88115522A Expired - Lifetime EP0313813B2 (en) 1987-10-27 1988-09-22 Gas blast switch

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4973806A (en)
EP (1) EP0313813B2 (en)
JP (1) JP2769702B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1016124B (en)
CH (1) CH675175A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3883699D1 (en)
HU (1) HU198803B (en)
SU (2) SU1729304A3 (en)

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FR2683383A1 (en) * 1991-11-04 1993-05-07 Alsthom Gec HIGH OR MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH TRIPLE MOTION.
DE19547098A1 (en) * 1995-12-16 1997-06-19 Asea Brown Boveri Power switch with arc-quenching chamber and switch-on resistor
EP0809269A2 (en) * 1996-05-24 1997-11-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High voltage circuit breaker with two driven switch contact pieces
EP0809268A2 (en) * 1996-05-24 1997-11-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High voltage circuit breaker with a nozzle made of insulating material
EP0820083A2 (en) * 1996-07-15 1998-01-21 Asea Brown Boveri AG Circuit breaker
EP0822565A2 (en) * 1996-08-01 1998-02-04 AEG Energietechnik GmbH Gas-blast switch
EP0836209A2 (en) * 1996-10-09 1998-04-15 Asea Brown Boveri AG Circuit breaker
DE19727850C1 (en) * 1997-06-26 1998-09-17 Siemens Ag HV circuit breaker with two opposed-drive arc contact pieces
WO1999012176A2 (en) * 1997-08-29 1999-03-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High voltage circuit-breaker with a counter-contact which can be actuated
US8698033B2 (en) 2006-10-09 2014-04-15 Alstom Technology Ltd Interrupting chamber with a field distributor cylinder for high-voltage or medium-voltage circuit breakers

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US5478980A (en) * 1994-04-05 1995-12-26 Abb Power T&D Company, Inc. Compact low force dead tank circuit breaker interrupter
EP0678954B1 (en) * 1994-04-19 1998-09-02 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Metal-clad gas-insulated switch installation
DE4427163A1 (en) * 1994-08-01 1996-02-08 Abb Management Ag Gas pressure switch
ES2170839T3 (en) * 1995-01-06 2002-08-16 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa SWITCH WITH TWO CUTTING CAMERAS BY POLO.
FR2734399B1 (en) * 1995-05-17 1997-06-13 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH TWO CUTTING CHAMBERS PER POLE WITH BALANCING CAPACITORS
DE59609837D1 (en) * 1996-06-04 2002-12-05 Alstom Ag Oberentfelden Compressed gas switch with a switch-off braking device
DE29706202U1 (en) * 1997-03-27 1997-06-05 Siemens Ag Pressurized gas circuit breaker
DE29711407U1 (en) * 1997-06-26 1997-09-04 Siemens Ag High-voltage circuit breaker with two arcing contact pieces that can be driven in opposite directions
FR2769403B1 (en) * 1997-10-02 1999-11-12 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa COMPRESSED GAS SWITCH WITH RACK GEAR
FR2774503B1 (en) * 1998-02-02 2000-04-07 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa MEDIUM OR HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER HAVING A TRANSMISSION BELT CLOSED AROUND TWO PINIONS
DE19850396A1 (en) 1998-11-02 2000-05-04 Asea Brown Boveri Circuit breaker
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FR2817389B1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2003-01-03 Schneider Electric High Voltag HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL CUTTING EQUIPMENT WITH DOUBLE MOVEMENT
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FR2892851B1 (en) 2005-11-03 2013-12-06 Areva T & D Sa CURRENT CURRENT CHAMBER WITH DOUBLE COMPRESSION CHAMBER
EP1879207B1 (en) 2006-07-12 2017-04-19 ABB Schweiz AG Rack and pinion gear for a switch
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EP0540971A1 (en) * 1991-11-04 1993-05-12 Gec Alsthom Sa High- or medium-voltage circuit breaker with triple motion
US5293014A (en) * 1991-11-04 1994-03-08 Gec Alsthom Sa Circuit breaker with triple movement for high or medium voltages
FR2683383A1 (en) * 1991-11-04 1993-05-07 Alsthom Gec HIGH OR MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH TRIPLE MOTION.
US5814782A (en) * 1995-12-16 1998-09-29 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Rower circuit-breaker having a closing resistor
DE19547098A1 (en) * 1995-12-16 1997-06-19 Asea Brown Boveri Power switch with arc-quenching chamber and switch-on resistor
EP0809269A2 (en) * 1996-05-24 1997-11-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High voltage circuit breaker with two driven switch contact pieces
EP0809268A2 (en) * 1996-05-24 1997-11-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High voltage circuit breaker with a nozzle made of insulating material
EP0820083A2 (en) * 1996-07-15 1998-01-21 Asea Brown Boveri AG Circuit breaker
EP0822565A2 (en) * 1996-08-01 1998-02-04 AEG Energietechnik GmbH Gas-blast switch
EP0836209A2 (en) * 1996-10-09 1998-04-15 Asea Brown Boveri AG Circuit breaker
DE19641550A1 (en) * 1996-10-09 1998-04-16 Asea Brown Boveri Circuit breaker
DE19727850C1 (en) * 1997-06-26 1998-09-17 Siemens Ag HV circuit breaker with two opposed-drive arc contact pieces
US6271494B1 (en) 1997-06-26 2001-08-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High voltage circuit breaker with two arcing contacts which can be actuated in an opposite direction
WO1999012176A2 (en) * 1997-08-29 1999-03-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High voltage circuit-breaker with a counter-contact which can be actuated
US6365863B1 (en) 1997-08-29 2002-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High voltage circuit-breaker with a counter-contact which can be actuated
US8698033B2 (en) 2006-10-09 2014-04-15 Alstom Technology Ltd Interrupting chamber with a field distributor cylinder for high-voltage or medium-voltage circuit breakers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01159922A (en) 1989-06-22
CH675175A5 (en) 1990-08-31
HUT48408A (en) 1989-05-29
SU1741620A3 (en) 1992-06-15
CN1032882A (en) 1989-05-10
CN1016124B (en) 1992-04-01
EP0313813B2 (en) 1997-04-02
SU1729304A3 (en) 1992-04-23
HU198803B (en) 1989-11-28
JP2769702B2 (en) 1998-06-25
DE3883699D1 (en) 1993-10-07
EP0313813A1 (en) 1989-05-03
US4973806A (en) 1990-11-27

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