Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
  • B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
  • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
  • B28D1/02—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing
  • B28D1/06—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing with reciprocating saw-blades
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
  • B28D5/00—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor
  • B28D5/04—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor by tools other than rotary type, e.g. reciprocating tools
  • B28D5/047—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor by tools other than rotary type, e.g. reciprocating tools by ultrasonic cutting

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method of treatment for natural and artificial lapideous materials and the like, here under indicated by the term "materials” and comprising, for instance, marble, granite and other natural stones, agglomerates obtained with said materials and any kind of binding agents, concretes, plastic materials, etc.
• abrasives indicates any kind of granulate and/or powder which, provided it is suitivelyably controlled, is able to remove particles of the above mentioned materials.
• Said abrasives may be either loose or glued on a carrier to form a regu­larly shaped solid featuring the necessary mechan­ical strength. If the abrasive is loose it may also be bonded with a liquid containing a bonding medium like, for instance, water lime.
• Loose abrasives act on materials by means of a moving metallic or ceramic tool like, for instance, a saw blade, a wire rope, a disk, etc.
• abrasives If bonded in the form of a solid body abrasives exert their action by means of a rotary and/or translatory motion of said body on the materials to be treated.
• the abrasive elements even if they are very small, moved or blasted by the tool along or against the surface of material, will disintegrate and pro­gressively detach some particles of the material, as it happens, e.g., in the case of granite.
• Granite is an intrusive rock of magmatic origin featuring a crystalline structure mainly (but not wholly) composed of quartz and feldspar crystals in very variable percentages. Its crystals are fixed to one another owing to a crystallization or recrystal­lization process under very high pressures. The ab­rasive particles, moved or blasted by the tool, pen­etrate into the feldspar bed and "pull out" the quartz crystals.
• abrasives are brought into contact with the material by a regular and continual motion of the tool.
• the following factors which, as mentioned above, are determining for the efficacy of the abrasive action are subject of some limits, like: - energy of the single abrasive elements: - quantity of abrasive elements acting on the sur­face to be treated; - probability of a contact between the material and the active parts of the abrasive elements; - removal of exploited abrasive elements and their replacement by a new one; - removal of the materials resulting from the abrasion.
• the conventional system by its regular and continouos motion combining a rotary and translatory motion, does not allow a thorough action of the abrasive on uneven and complex surface, save the use of expensive appliances and a high consump­tion of abrasive.
• the invention is based on the principle to keep the tool subjected to an intensive vibration or to a high frequency and small amplitude oscillation to which the regular and continouos motion of the con­ventional system may be added.
• Vibration exerts the following effects on the abrasive, which can be either incoherent or glued on a tool: - an energy increasing the percussion power of the abrasive elements on the material to disintegrate; - a local and repeated compaction in the areas which are usually out of reach for the incoherent abras­ive and thus a more thorough action on the whole surface as it is treated; - an increased speed of the moving abrasive elements and thus their enhanced efficiency; - a continouos and forced turnover of all abrasive elements and thus an increased probability that the more aggressive particles will reach the ma­terial; - a faster removal of the exploited elements which are immediately replaced by fresh and effective elements; - a faster movement of grits and thus their quick removal from the treated surface; - the possibility to concentrate the abrasive action within small areas which cannot be defined or cir­cumscribed by the regular and continouos motion of conventional systems.
• the saw blades are subjected to intensive vibration according to the above stated principle and may be slowly driven on according to conventional systems.
• - Carving on surfaces of lapideous materials or the like is usually carried out either by grit blast­ing or by means of a tool, which may be coated or not with an abrasive and moved by hand or by a copying attachment.
• Basing on the above stated principle the tool to be used shall bear a relief reproducing the pat­tern to be carved.
• the tool is then vibrated on the surface to be carved through a thin and con­tinouos layer of abrasive. A more or less deep carving will thus be achieved depending on the time of application and the intensity of the vibration.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
• Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=11119685

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (3)

Citations (7)

• 1987
  • 1987-10-01 IT IT05230/87A patent/IT1220078B/it active
• 1988
  • 1988-09-22 EP EP88830387A patent/EP0313524A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1988-09-30 JP JP63248911A patent/JPH01135461A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (7)

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