EP0312909A1 - Vacuum chamber type furnace - Google Patents

Vacuum chamber type furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0312909A1
EP0312909A1 EP88116992A EP88116992A EP0312909A1 EP 0312909 A1 EP0312909 A1 EP 0312909A1 EP 88116992 A EP88116992 A EP 88116992A EP 88116992 A EP88116992 A EP 88116992A EP 0312909 A1 EP0312909 A1 EP 0312909A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
gas
workpieces
heating chamber
vacuum chamber
slots
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EP88116992A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0312909B1 (en
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Ulrich Wingens
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/04—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/04—Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum chamber furnace for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces, consisting of an essentially cylindrical housing which contains a heating chamber insulated from the housing wall, in the interior of which a support device for receiving the workpieces to be treated is arranged and the walls of which are diametrically opposed to one another with heating elements opposite sides are provided with gas inlet openings in the form of nozzles and gas outlet openings in the form of slots which extend over the axial length of the heating chamber, the gas inlet openings and the gas outlet openings being connected to a gas circulation system which has a blower for the gas circulation and a heat exchanger for the gas cooling .
  • the invention proposes proceeding from a vacuum chamber furnace of the type mentioned above, that the gas inlet openings opposite one another can be acted upon with gas at the same time, that the carrying devices hold the workpieces to be treated in the area in which the gas flows generated by the gas inlet openings collide with one another and that the gas outlet openings are arranged in the wall areas adjacent to this area.
  • the workpieces are cooled from above and below simultaneously and uniformly.
  • the vortices that form in the impact zone of the gas flows directed against one another ensure intensive mixing and swirling of the gases in the area of the workpieces to be treated, so that a largely homogeneous cooling zone is formed.
  • the gas outlet openings in the form of slots arranged laterally next to the impact zone result in a pressure gradient directed from the impact zone to both sides, through which the cooling gas heated on the workpieces flows out laterally.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the nozzles forming the gas inlet openings are aligned with the workpieces received by the carrier device. This ensures that the inflowing cooling gas first comes into contact with the workpieces in the impact zone before it flows into the slots serving as gas outlet openings.
  • the slots serving as gas outlet openings in the interior of the heating chamber are of cover plates against radiation heat covered, which are arranged at a distance from the respective opening cross-section of the slots. These cover plates prevent radiation heat from escaping. However, do not hinder the escape of the cooling gas.
  • Control devices can be assigned to the gas circulation system, with which the amount of gas passed through can be controlled. This makes it possible to precisely adapt the amount of gas to the respective need.
  • the heating chamber also expediently has an approximately elliptical cross section, the workpieces being held by the carrying device in the plane in which the longer ellipse axis runs.
  • This design of the heating chamber results in a particularly favorable use of space in the volume of the heating chamber without the cooling uniformity suffering.
  • the substantially cylindrical housing of the vacuum chamber furnace is designated by the reference number 1.
  • This housing 1 is mounted on feet 2 and provided on one end with a tightly closing door 3 (see FIG. 2).
  • the housing 1 is provided with a blower 4 and a heat exchanger 5, which are components of the gas circulation described in more detail below.
  • a heating chamber Arranged in the interior of the housing 1 is a heating chamber which is approximately elliptical in cross section and is thermally insulated from the walls of the housing 1. On the inside of the walls of the heating chamber 6, heating rods 8 are attached by means of suitable holders 7, which extend over the axial length of the heating chamber 6.
  • 6 gas outlet openings in the form of nozzles 9 are provided on the ceiling and on the bottom of the heating chamber, which are simultaneously acted upon by cooling gas via gas supply lines 10 and generate gas flows directed towards the center plane of the heating chamber.
  • the workpieces 11 to be treated are arranged in the interior of the heating chamber and are carried by a suitable carrying device 12, which can be designed, for example, as a grid pallet.
  • a suitable carrying device 12 which can be designed, for example, as a grid pallet.
  • cover plates 14 against radiant heat which are arranged at a distance from the respective opening cross section of the slot 13.
  • the slots 13 serving as gas outlet openings are connected to the suction side of the fan 4 via gas return channels 15 and the heat exchanger 5.
  • the pressure side of the blower 4 is connected to the nozzles 9 via the gas supply lines 10.
  • the gas circulation system consisting of the blower 4, the gas supply lines 5, the nozzles 9, the slots 13, the gas return lines 15 and the heat exchanger 5 is also at suitable locations Provide control and regulation procedures, by means of which the circulated gas quantity can be adapted to the requirements. These control and regulating elements are not shown in the drawing.
  • the workpieces to be treated are arranged where the gas flows generated by the opposing nozzles 9 collide with one another.
  • the gas flows colliding with one another produce a largely homogeneous cooling zone around the workpieces 11 through intensive swirling, which guarantees a uniform cooling of the workpieces 11 on all surfaces that come into contact with the cooling gas.
  • the impact area lies horizontally in the middle of the heating chamber.
  • this impact area can of course also be arranged differently in the interior of the heating chamber 6, for example in the vertical plane. It is only essential that the gas flows generated by the nozzles are directed in opposite directions, that the workpieces to be treated are arranged in the impact area and that the gas discharge openings designed as slots are located in the walls of the heating chamber adjacent to the impact area.

Abstract

To obtain a cooling zone, which is as homogeneous as possible, for the workpieces (11) to be treated in a vacuum chamber-type furnace for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces, the invention proposes that the heating chamber (6) used for the heat treatment is provided on two mutually opposite sides with nozzles (9) which can be charged simultaneously with cooling gas, that the carrier devices (12) hold the workpieces (11) to be treated in that region in which the gas streams produced by the opposite nozzles (9) impinge on one another and that the heating chamber (6) is provided with slots (13) for gas discharge in wall regions adjacent to this impingement region. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Vakuum-Kammerofen zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken, be­stehend aus einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen Ge­häuse, welches eine gegen die Gehäusewand isolierte Heizkammer enthält, in deren Innenraum eine die zu behandelnden Werkstücke aufnehmende Tragvorrichtung angeordnet ist und deren Wände mit Heizelementen und aneinander diametral gegenüberliegenden Seiten mit Gaseinlaßöffnungen in Form von Düsen und Gasauslaß­öffnungen in Form von sich über die axiale Länge der Heizkammer erstreckenden Schlitzen versehen sind, wo­bei die Gaseinlaßöffnungen und die Gasauslaßöffnungen an ein Gasumwälzsystem angeschlossen sind, welches ein Gebläse für die Gasumwälzung und einen Wärme­tauscher für die Gaskühlung aufweist.The invention relates to a vacuum chamber furnace for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces, consisting of an essentially cylindrical housing which contains a heating chamber insulated from the housing wall, in the interior of which a support device for receiving the workpieces to be treated is arranged and the walls of which are diametrically opposed to one another with heating elements opposite sides are provided with gas inlet openings in the form of nozzles and gas outlet openings in the form of slots which extend over the axial length of the heating chamber, the gas inlet openings and the gas outlet openings being connected to a gas circulation system which has a blower for the gas circulation and a heat exchanger for the gas cooling .

Bei derartigen Vakuum-Kammeröfen, die vorzugsweise für das Vakuum-Härten verwendet werden, ist es wichtig, daß in der Abkühlphase an allen Oberflächen der zu behandelnden Werkstücke eine möglichst gleich­mäßige Abkühlung erzielt wird, damit das sich ausbil­dende Gefüge überall gleichmäßig gut ist und keine durch Wärmespannungen verursachten Verformungen der Werkstücke auftreten.With such vacuum chamber furnaces, which are preferably used for vacuum hardening, it is important that in the cooling phase on all surfaces the workpieces to be treated are cooled as evenly as possible so that the structure that is formed is uniformly good everywhere and no deformations of the workpieces caused by thermal stresses occur.

Bei einem nach dem Stande der Technik (vergl. DE-OS 32 15 509) bekannten Vakuum-Kammerofen der ein­gangs genannten Art ist versucht worden, eine gleich­mäßige Abkühlung der Werkstücke dadurch zu erreichen, daß das zur Kühlung dienende Gas abwechselnd einer­seits von in der Decke der Heizkammer angeordneten Einblasdüsen zu zwei seitlich am Boden der Heizkammer angeordneten Gasauslaßschlitzen und andererseits von im Boden der Heizkammer angeordneten Gaseinblasdüsen zu zwei seitlich an der Decke der Heizkammer angeord­neten Gasauslaßschlitzen geführt wird. Durch häufige Umkehrung der die Werkstücke beaufschlagenden Gas­strömung ist es möglich, die Abkühlung der Werkstücke gleichmäßiger zu gestalten, als wenn das Kühlgas nur in einer Richtung strömt. Dennoch läßt sich nicht ver­meiden, daß die Abkühlung über die Zeit an der Ober- und Unterseite der Werkstücke von einander abweicht, so daß sich Gefügeunterschiede und Wärmespannungen ergeben.In a vacuum chamber furnace of the type mentioned in the prior art (cf. DE-OS 32 15 509), attempts have been made to achieve uniform cooling of the workpieces in that the gas used for cooling alternately on the one hand from in the ceiling the injection nozzles arranged in the heating chamber lead to two gas outlet slots arranged laterally on the bottom of the heating chamber and, on the other hand, by gas injection nozzles arranged in the bottom of the heating chamber to two gas outlet slots arranged laterally on the ceiling of the heating chamber. By frequently reversing the gas flow acting on the workpieces, it is possible to make the cooling of the workpieces more uniform than if the cooling gas only flows in one direction. Nevertheless, it cannot be avoided that the cooling deviates from each other over time at the top and bottom of the workpieces, so that there are structural differences and thermal stresses.

Es ist deshalb Aufgabe der Erfindung, den Vakuum-Kam­merofen der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiter­zubilden, daß die zu behandelnden Werkstücke an allen Oberflächen gleichzeitig und gleichmäßig abgekühlt werden, so daß das sich ausbildende Gefüge an allen Oberflächen vollständig gleich ist und durch Wärme­spannungen verursachte Verformungen noch zuver­lässiger vermieden werden.It is therefore an object of the invention to develop the vacuum chamber furnace of the type mentioned in such a way that the workpieces to be treated are cooled simultaneously and uniformly on all surfaces, so that the structure which is formed is completely identical on all surfaces and is still deformed by thermal stresses can be avoided more reliably.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung aus­ gehend von einem Vakuum-Kammerofen der eingangs ge­nannten Art vor, daß die einander gegenüberliegenden Gaseinlaßöffnungen gleichzeitig mit Gas beaufschlag­bar sind, daß die Tragvorrichtungen die zu behandeln­den Werkstücke in dem Bereich halten, in dem die von den gegenüberliegenden Gaseinlaßöffnungen erzeugten Gasströme aufeinander prallen und daß die Gasauslaß­öffnungen in den diesem Bereich benachbarten Wandbe­reichen angeordnet sind.To achieve this object, the invention proposes proceeding from a vacuum chamber furnace of the type mentioned above, that the gas inlet openings opposite one another can be acted upon with gas at the same time, that the carrying devices hold the workpieces to be treated in the area in which the gas flows generated by the gas inlet openings collide with one another and that the gas outlet openings are arranged in the wall areas adjacent to this area.

Beim Vakuum-Ofen gemäß der Erfindung werden die Werk­stücke von oben und unten gleichzeitig und gleich­mäßig gekühlt. Die sich in der Aufprallzone der gegen­einander gerichteten Gasströmungen ausbildenden Wir­bel sorgen im Bereich der zu behandelnden Werkstücke für eine intensive Mischung und Durchwirbelung der Gase, so daß sich eine weitestgehend homogene Kühl­zone ausbildet. Durch die seitlich neben der Aufprall­zone angeordneten Gasauslaßöffnungen in Form von Schlitzen ergibt sich ein von der Aufprallzone nach beiden Seiten hin gerichtetes Druckgefälle, durch welches das an den Werkstücken erwärmte Kühlgas seit­lich abströmt.In the vacuum furnace according to the invention, the workpieces are cooled from above and below simultaneously and uniformly. The vortices that form in the impact zone of the gas flows directed against one another ensure intensive mixing and swirling of the gases in the area of the workpieces to be treated, so that a largely homogeneous cooling zone is formed. The gas outlet openings in the form of slots arranged laterally next to the impact zone result in a pressure gradient directed from the impact zone to both sides, through which the cooling gas heated on the workpieces flows out laterally.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die die Gaseinlaßöffnungen bildenden Düsen auf die von der Tragvorrichtung aufgenommenen Werk­stücke ausgerichtet sind. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß das zuströmende Kühlgas zunächst in der Aufprall­zone mit den Werkstücken in Berührung kommt, ehe es den als Gasauslaßöffnungen dienenden Schlitzen zu­strömt.A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the nozzles forming the gas inlet openings are aligned with the workpieces received by the carrier device. This ensures that the inflowing cooling gas first comes into contact with the workpieces in the impact zone before it flows into the slots serving as gas outlet openings.

Um während der Aufheizphase den Verlust von Strah­lungswärme aus der Heizkammer zu vermeiden, sind die als Gasauslaßöffnungen dienenden Schlitze im Inneren der Heizkammer von Abdeckblechen gegen Strahlungs­ wärme abgedeckt, die mit Abstand zum jeweiligen Öffnungsquerschnitt der Schlitze angeordnet sind. Diese Abdeckbleche verhindern zwar den Austritt von Strahlungswärme. behindern jedoch den Austritt des Kühlgases nicht.In order to avoid the loss of radiant heat from the heating chamber during the heating phase, the slots serving as gas outlet openings in the interior of the heating chamber are of cover plates against radiation heat covered, which are arranged at a distance from the respective opening cross-section of the slots. These cover plates prevent radiation heat from escaping. However, do not hinder the escape of the cooling gas.

Dem Gasumwälzsystem können Steuervorrichtungen zuge­ordnet sein, mit denen die durchgesetzte Gasmenge steuerbar ist. Hierdurch ist es möglich, die Gasmenge dem jeweiligen Bedarf genau anzupassen.Control devices can be assigned to the gas circulation system, with which the amount of gas passed through can be controlled. This makes it possible to precisely adapt the amount of gas to the respective need.

Zweckmäßig hat weiterhin die Heizkammer einen etwa elliptischen Querschnitt, wobei die Werkstücke von Tragvorrichtung in der Ebene gehalten werden, in der die längere Ellipsen-Achse verläuft. Durch diese Aus­bildung der Heizkammer ergibt sich eine besonders günstige Raumausnutzung des Volumens der Heizkammer ohne daß die Gleichmäßigkeit der Abkühlung leidet.The heating chamber also expediently has an approximately elliptical cross section, the workpieces being held by the carrying device in the plane in which the longer ellipse axis runs. This design of the heating chamber results in a particularly favorable use of space in the volume of the heating chamber without the cooling uniformity suffering.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgen­den an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch einen Vakuum-Kammerofen gemäß der Er­findung;
  • Fig. 2 einen horizontalen Längsschnitt zu Fig. 1, jedoch ohne die Trag­vorrichtung und die zu behan­delnden Werkstücke.
An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a cross section through a vacuum chamber furnace according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a horizontal longitudinal section to Fig. 1, but without the support device and the workpieces to be treated.

In der Zeichnung ist das im wesentlichen zylinderför­mige Gehäuse des Vakuum-Kammerofens mit dem Bezugs­zeichen 1 bezeichnet. Dieses Gehäuse 1 ist auf Stand­füßen 2 aufgeständert und an einer Stirnseite mit einer dicht schließenden Tür 3 versehen (vergl. Fig. 2). An der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite ist das Ge­häuse 1 mit einem Gebläse 4 und einem Wärmetauscher 5 versehen, die Bestandteile der nachfolgend näher er­läuterten Gasumwälzung sind.In the drawing, the substantially cylindrical housing of the vacuum chamber furnace is designated by the reference number 1. This housing 1 is mounted on feet 2 and provided on one end with a tightly closing door 3 (see FIG. 2). On the opposite end face, the housing 1 is provided with a blower 4 and a heat exchanger 5, which are components of the gas circulation described in more detail below.

Im Innenraum des Gehäuses 1 ist eine Heizkammer angeordnet, die im Querschnitt etwa ellipsenförmig ausgebildet ist und zu den Wänden des Gehäuses 1 hin wärmeisoliert ist. Innen an den Wänden der Heizkammer 6 sind mittels geeignet Halter 7 Heizstäbe 8 be­festigt, die sich über die axiale Länge der Heizkam­mer 6 erstrecken.Arranged in the interior of the housing 1 is a heating chamber which is approximately elliptical in cross section and is thermally insulated from the walls of the housing 1. On the inside of the walls of the heating chamber 6, heating rods 8 are attached by means of suitable holders 7, which extend over the axial length of the heating chamber 6.

Außerdem sind an der Decke und am Boden der Heizkam­mer 6 Gasauslaßöffnungen in Form von Düsen 9 vorge­sehen, die über Gaszuführungsleitungen 10 gleich­zeitig mit Kühlgas beaufschlagbar sind und in Rich­tung auf die Mittenebene der Heizkammer gerichtete Gasströmungen erzeugen. Im Bereich der Mittenebene, d. h. dort wo die von den einander entgegengerichte­ten Düsen 9 erzeugten Gasströmungen aufeinander pral­len, sind im Inneren der Heizkammer die zu behan­delnden Werkstücke 11 angeordnet, die von einer ge­eigneten Tragvorrichtung 12 getragen werden, welche beispielsweise als Gitterpalette ausgebildet sein kann. Seitlich neben der in der Mittenebene befind­lichen Aufprallzone befinden sich in den Wänden der Heizkammer 6 Gasauslaßöffnungen in Form von Schlitzen 13. Diese Schlitze 13 sind von Abdeckblechen 14 gegen Strahlungswärme abgedeckt, die mit Abstand zum jewei­ligen Öffnungsquerschnitt des Schlitzes 13 angeordnet sind.In addition, 6 gas outlet openings in the form of nozzles 9 are provided on the ceiling and on the bottom of the heating chamber, which are simultaneously acted upon by cooling gas via gas supply lines 10 and generate gas flows directed towards the center plane of the heating chamber. In the area of the middle plane, i.e. H. where the gas flows generated by the oppositely directed nozzles 9 collide with one another, the workpieces 11 to be treated are arranged in the interior of the heating chamber and are carried by a suitable carrying device 12, which can be designed, for example, as a grid pallet. To the side of the impact zone located in the center plane there are 6 gas outlet openings in the form of slots 13 in the walls of the heating chamber. These slots 13 are covered by cover plates 14 against radiant heat, which are arranged at a distance from the respective opening cross section of the slot 13.

Die als Gasauslaßöffnungen dienenden Schlitze 13 stehen über Gasrückführungskanäle 15 und den Wärme­tauscher 5 mit der Saugseite des Gebläses 4 in Verbin­dung. Die Druckseite des Gebläses 4 steht demgegen­über über die Gaszuleitungen 10 mit den Düsen 9 in Verbindung. Das aus dem Gebläse 4, den Gaszuleitungen 5, den Düsen 9, den Schlitzen 13, den Gasrückführungs­leitungen 15 und dem Wärmetauscher 5 bestehende Gasum­wälzsystem ist außerdem an geeigneten Stellen mit Steuer- und Regelorgangen versehen, durch welche die umgewälzte Gasmenge dem Bedarf angepaßt werden kann. Diese Steuer- und Regelorgane sind in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellt.The slots 13 serving as gas outlet openings are connected to the suction side of the fan 4 via gas return channels 15 and the heat exchanger 5. In contrast, the pressure side of the blower 4 is connected to the nozzles 9 via the gas supply lines 10. The gas circulation system consisting of the blower 4, the gas supply lines 5, the nozzles 9, the slots 13, the gas return lines 15 and the heat exchanger 5 is also at suitable locations Provide control and regulation procedures, by means of which the circulated gas quantity can be adapted to the requirements. These control and regulating elements are not shown in the drawing.

Wie aus den in Fig. 1 dargestellten Strömungspfeilen sichtlich ist, sind beim Kammerofen gemäß der Erfin­dung die zu behandelnden Werkstücken dort angeordnet, wo die von den einander entgegengerichteten Düsen 9 erzeugten Gasströmungen aufeinander prallen. Die auf­einander prallenden Gasströmungen erzeugen um die Werkstücke 11 herum durch intensive Verwirbelung eine weitestgehend homogene Kühlzone, die eine gleich­mäßige Abkühlung der Werkstücke 11 an allen mit dem Kühlgas in Berührung kommenden Oberflächen garan­tiert. Aufgrund des sich im Aufprallbereich ausbilden­den Überdruckes und der seitlich neben dem Aufprall­bereich befindlichen Gasabführungsöffnungen in Form Schlitzen 13 ergibt sich vom Aufprallbereich zu den Schlitzen 13 hin ein verhältnismäßig großes Druckge­fälle, so daß das Kühlgas im Aufprallbereich verhält­nismäßig schnell ausgetauscht wird.As can be seen from the flow arrows shown in FIG. 1, in the chamber furnace according to the invention the workpieces to be treated are arranged where the gas flows generated by the opposing nozzles 9 collide with one another. The gas flows colliding with one another produce a largely homogeneous cooling zone around the workpieces 11 through intensive swirling, which guarantees a uniform cooling of the workpieces 11 on all surfaces that come into contact with the cooling gas. Due to the overpressure forming in the impact area and the gas discharge openings in the form of slots 13 located to the side of the impact area, a relatively large pressure drop results from the impact area to the slots 13, so that the cooling gas is exchanged relatively quickly in the impact area.

Beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel liegt der Auf­prallbereich waagerecht in der Mitte der Heizkammer. Bei entsprechender Anordnung der Düsen 9 und der Schlitze 13 sowie der Tragvorrichtung 12 kann dieser Aufprallbereich natürlich auch anders im Inneraum der Heizkammer 6 angeordnet sein, beispielsweise in der vertikalen Ebene. Wesentlich ist nur, daß die von den Düsen erzeugten Gasströmungen einander entgegengerich­tet sind, daß die zu behandelnden Werkstücke im Auf­prallbereich angeordnet sind und daß die als Schlitze ausgebildeten Gasabführungsöffnungen sich in dem an den Aufprallbereich angrenzenden Wandungen der Heiz­kammer befinden.In the illustrated embodiment, the impact area lies horizontally in the middle of the heating chamber. With a corresponding arrangement of the nozzles 9 and the slots 13 and the carrying device 12, this impact area can of course also be arranged differently in the interior of the heating chamber 6, for example in the vertical plane. It is only essential that the gas flows generated by the nozzles are directed in opposite directions, that the workpieces to be treated are arranged in the impact area and that the gas discharge openings designed as slots are located in the walls of the heating chamber adjacent to the impact area.

Claims (5)

1. Vakuum-Kammerofen zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken, bestehend aus einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen Gehäuse, welches eine gegen die Gehäusewand isolierte Heizkammer enthält, in deren Innenraum eine die zu behandelnden Werk­stücke aufnehmende Tragvorrichtung angeordnet ist und deren Wände mit Heizelementen und an einander diame­tral gegenüberliegenden Seiten mit Gaseinlaßöffnungen in Form von Düsen und Gasauslaßöffnungen in Form von sich über die axiale Länge der Heizkammer erstrecken­den Schlitzen versehen sind, wobei die Gaseinlaßöff­nungen und die Gasauslaßöffnungen an ein Gasumwälz­system angeschlossen sind, welches ein Gebläse für die Gasumwälzung und einen Wärmetauscher für die Gas­kühlung aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einander gegenüberliegenden Gaseinlaßöffnungen (9) gleichzeitig mit Gas beaufschlagbar sind, daß die Tragvorrichtung (12) die zu behandelnden Werkstücke (11) in dem Bereich halten, in dem die von den gegen­überliegenden Gaseinlaßöffnungen (9) erzeugten Gas­strömungen aufeinander prallen und daß die Gasauslaß­öffnungen (13) in den diesem Bereich benachbarten Wandbereichen der Heizkammer (6) angeordnet sind.1. Vacuum chamber furnace for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces, consisting of an essentially cylindrical housing, which contains a heating chamber insulated from the housing wall, in the interior of which a supporting device to be treated accommodating the workpieces is arranged and whose walls with heating elements and diametrically opposite one another Sides are provided with gas inlet openings in the form of nozzles and gas outlet openings in the form of slots which extend over the axial length of the heating chamber, the gas inlet openings and the gas outlet openings being connected to a gas circulation system which has a blower for the gas circulation and a heat exchanger for the gas cooling.
characterized in that the gas inlet openings (9) lying opposite one another can be acted upon with gas at the same time, that the carrying device (12) hold the workpieces (11) to be treated in the area in which the gas flows generated by the gas inlet openings (9) lying opposite one another collide and that the gas outlet openings (13) are arranged in the wall areas of the heating chamber (6) adjacent to this area. 2. Vakuum-Kammerofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gaseinlaßöffnungen bildenden Düsen (9) auf die von der Tragvorrichtung (i2) aufgenommenen Werkstücke (11) ausgerichtet sind.2. Vacuum chamber furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas inlet openings forming nozzles (9) are aligned with the workpieces (11) accommodated by the carrying device (i2). 3. Vakuum-Kammerofen nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die als Gasaus­laßöffnungen dienenden Schlitze (13) im Inneren der Heizkammer (6) von Abdeckblechen (14) gegen Strah­lungswärme abgedeckt sind, die mit Abstand zum jewei­ligen Öffnungsquerschnitt der Schlitze (13) angeord­net sind.3. Vacuum chamber furnace according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the slots (13) serving as gas outlet openings in the interior of the heating chamber (6) are covered by cover plates (14) against radiant heat, which are spaced apart from the respective opening cross section of the slots ( 13) are arranged. 4. Vakuum-Kammerofen nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß dem Gasumwälzsystem (4, 10, 9, 13, 15, 5) Steuervorrichtungen zugeordnet sind, mit denen die durchgesetzte Gasmenge steuerbar ist.4. Vacuum chamber furnace according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the gas circulation system (4, 10, 9, 13, 15, 5) are assigned control devices with which the amount of gas passed through can be controlled. 5. Vakuum-Kammerofen nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß die Heizkammer (6) einen etwa elliptischen Querschnitt hat, wobei die Werkstücke (11) von der Tragvorrichtung (12) in der Ebene gehalten werden, in der die längere Ellipsenachse verläuft.5. Vacuum chamber furnace according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the heating chamber (6) has an approximately elliptical cross section, the workpieces (11) being held by the carrier device (12) in the plane in which the longer axis of the ellipse runs.
EP88116992A 1987-10-17 1988-10-13 Vacuum chamber type furnace Expired - Lifetime EP0312909B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88116992T ATE67521T1 (en) 1987-10-17 1988-10-13 VACUUM FURNACE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3735186A DE3735186C1 (en) 1987-10-17 1987-10-17 Vacuum chamber furnace
DE3735186 1987-10-17

Publications (2)

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EP0312909A1 true EP0312909A1 (en) 1989-04-26
EP0312909B1 EP0312909B1 (en) 1991-09-18

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ID=6338534

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EP88116992A Expired - Lifetime EP0312909B1 (en) 1987-10-17 1988-10-13 Vacuum chamber type furnace

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US (1) US4909732A (en)
EP (1) EP0312909B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE67521T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3735186C1 (en)

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DE3818471A1 (en) * 1988-05-31 1989-12-21 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh OVEN FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF IRON AND STEEL PARTS
DE3819803C1 (en) * 1988-06-10 1989-12-14 Ulrich 5810 Witten De Wingens
DE4014630A1 (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-14 Dieter Uschkoreit Oven providing rapid uniform heating of metallic workpieces - has several flow channels, rotatable gas flow distributor and encircling vacuum pressure chamber
US5391077A (en) * 1993-12-23 1995-02-21 Kerr-Mcgee Corporation Drum oven
US5934871A (en) * 1997-07-24 1999-08-10 Murphy; Donald G. Method and apparatus for supplying a anti-oxidizing gas to and simultaneously cooling a shaft and a fan in a heat treatment chamber

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GB2032082A (en) * 1978-09-13 1980-04-30 Degussa A vacuum furnace comprising a gas cooling system
DE3215509A1 (en) * 1982-04-26 1983-10-27 Schmetz Industrieofenbau und Vakuum-Hartlöttechnik KG, 5750 Menden Vacuum chamber oven
GB2152199A (en) * 1983-12-23 1985-07-31 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh Industrial furnace
DE3736502C1 (en) * 1987-10-28 1988-06-09 Degussa Vacuum furnace for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3565410A (en) * 1968-09-06 1971-02-23 Midland Ross Corp Vacuum furnace
DE2620111A1 (en) * 1975-05-12 1976-11-25 Oliver Machinery Co DEVICE FOR HEATING LONG EXTENDED SHAPED PIECES, SUCH AS METAL BARS
GB2032082A (en) * 1978-09-13 1980-04-30 Degussa A vacuum furnace comprising a gas cooling system
DE3215509A1 (en) * 1982-04-26 1983-10-27 Schmetz Industrieofenbau und Vakuum-Hartlöttechnik KG, 5750 Menden Vacuum chamber oven
GB2152199A (en) * 1983-12-23 1985-07-31 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh Industrial furnace
DE3736502C1 (en) * 1987-10-28 1988-06-09 Degussa Vacuum furnace for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4909732A (en) 1990-03-20
ATE67521T1 (en) 1991-10-15
EP0312909B1 (en) 1991-09-18
DE3735186C1 (en) 1988-09-15

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