EP0308626B1 - Interrupteur à autosoufflage - Google Patents

Interrupteur à autosoufflage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0308626B1
EP0308626B1 EP88112424A EP88112424A EP0308626B1 EP 0308626 B1 EP0308626 B1 EP 0308626B1 EP 88112424 A EP88112424 A EP 88112424A EP 88112424 A EP88112424 A EP 88112424A EP 0308626 B1 EP0308626 B1 EP 0308626B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
partition wall
opening
gas
wall
self
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88112424A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0308626A3 (en
EP0308626A2 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Dr.-Ing. Karrenbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Publication of EP0308626A2 publication Critical patent/EP0308626A2/fr
Publication of EP0308626A3 publication Critical patent/EP0308626A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0308626B1 publication Critical patent/EP0308626B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an auto-blow switch with two contact pieces which, when switched off, draw an arc through an insulating material nozzle and the expanding extinguishing gas flows into a gas storage space, from which it floods back into the insulating material nozzle when it approaches zero current.
  • Such a self-blow switch is known from DE-OS 33 00 816.
  • the hot and cold insulating gas mixes in the gas storage space, with an average temperature sets.
  • the insulating gas flowing back to blow the arc to the insulating material nozzle therefore has a density corresponding to this elevated temperature, which is reduced compared to the density of the cold gas. Insulating gas with such a reduced density, however, has considerably poorer extinguishing properties.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a self-blow switch of the type mentioned above, in which the arc is blown with cold insulating gas.
  • the advantage of the invention is that an auto-blow switch is available in which the arc is blown with cold quenching gas without great technical effort. No cooling devices are required for the extinguishing gas, nor is a blowing piston required, which would require a stronger drive.
  • a first valve is arranged in the upper region of the first subspace 13, which allows the hot insulating gas to flow into this first subspace 13, but which closes when the flow is reversed.
  • a second valve is arranged, which prevents hot insulating gas flows directly through this opening into the second partial space, in that it is closed when the pressure in this second partial space is lower than before this opening and opens when the pressure conditions are reversed. Since the first valve must be open when the second valve is closed and vice versa, the two valves can be operated together. Mixing of hot and cold extinguishing gas within the second subspace can be reduced even further by designing this second subspace as a meandering labyrinth. This mixing can also be completely prevented by a piston crown arranged in the second partial space separating the hot and the cold insulating gas.
  • Fig. 1 shows a simple embodiment of the auto blow switch.
  • a first contact piece 2 interacts with a second contact piece 3.
  • One of these contact pieces is connected to the drive and the other contact piece is stationary.
  • the first contact piece 2 is expediently connected to the drive, since this contact piece is not connected to other parts and therefore has a lower mass.
  • the second contact piece 3 is designed, for example, as finger contacts arranged in a circle, in which the first contact piece 2 engages.
  • an arc is drawn between the first switching element 2 and the second switching element 3, which has the length of a switching path, which is surrounded by an insulating nozzle 1 and extends from a nozzle gap 5 through the nozzle constriction 4.
  • the nozzle gap 5 is connected to a channel 6, which leads to a gas storage space 7.
  • This gas storage space 7 is a cylindrical Sheath formed with a cylinder bottom 9 and a cylinder end 12.
  • the cylinder end 12 carries the insulating nozzle 1 and the second contact piece 3.
  • the channel 6 leads through the cylinder end 12 into the gas storage space 7.
  • the gas storage space 7 is divided by an intermediate wall 8 into a first partial space 13 and a second partial space 14.
  • the intermediate wall 8 is arranged such that the channel 6 directs the gas flow coming from the switching path into the first subspace 13.
  • the intermediate wall 8, which has the shape of a cylinder wall, is arranged such that it adjoins the outer edge of the channel 6 after the annular opening.
  • the intermediate wall 8 has an opening 10 on its side opposite the mouth of the channel 6, so that the first partial space 13 is connected to the second partial space 14 by this.
  • Another opening 11 of the intermediate wall 8 is in direct connection to the inflow opening of the channel 6, this opening 11 being arranged such that the gas flow coming from the channel 6 flows past this opening 11.
  • the openings 10 and 11 can be designed as a gap in the cylindrical partition 8 or as a series of holes distributed around the circumference.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 has the following function: After the switching element 2 has been separated from the switching element 3, an arc is formed.
  • the first switching element 2 is shown during the switching movement when it passes through the nozzle constriction 4.
  • the arc heats the insulating gas between the nozzle gap 5 and the nozzle constriction 4, as a result of which the insulating gas expands greatly.
  • a gas flow through the channel 6 into the first partial space 13 begins, as is shown by the dashed line with the arrows. This hot gas presses through the opening 10 of the intermediate wall 8 into the second partial space 14 and in this way compresses the cold insulating gas present there.
  • the arc in the quenching section becomes weaker, the temperature drops and the pressure in the quenching section as in channel 6 and also in room 13 decreases.
  • the cold air compressed in the second subspace 14 exits through the opening 11, flows through the channel 6 and blows the extinguishing path, whereby 1, the first contact piece 2 has already moved out of the nozzle constriction 4, so that the cold extinguishing gas flow can pass through the nozzle 1 into the switch housing.
  • This blowing of the extinguishing section prevents the arc from being re-ignited after the current has passed zero.
  • the intermediate wall is designed as a movable partition 8 ', a bottom 16 is attached in a circular shape so that it divides the first subspace 13 into an upper and a lower space gas-tight.
  • the sliding partition 8 ' is provided with an opening 15 and below the bottom 16 there is another opening 17.
  • a fixed partition 18, which is fixed to the Cylinder end 12 is connected in parallel to the sliding partition 8'.
  • This fixed partition 18 has an opening 19 and a bulge forming a space 20.
  • the movable partition 8 'and the fixed partition 18 slide gas-tight to each other.
  • the opening 19, 15 and 17 can be designed as a gap of the respective cylindrical wall 18, 8 'or as a series of holes distributed around the circumference.
  • Fig. 2a shows the movable partition 8 'in its first position, in which it is in the switched-off state of the switch.
  • the switch-off generates a hot insulating gas stream in the manner described above, which is directed through the channel 6 into the upper part of the first part of the room 13.
  • This hot insulating gas stream strikes the floor 16 because it is directed through the channel 6 in this direction.
  • the hot insulating gas flow shown by the dashed line with arrow, now takes the path through the opening 15 of the movable partition 8 'in the space 20, which is located in the bulge of the fixed partition 18 and from there through the further opening 17 of the partition 8 'in the lower part of the first part of the room 13. There, this hot insulating gas flow presses the cold insulating gas through the opening 10 into the second part of the room 14. If, by the approximation of the current to the zero current in the manner shown above, a pressure relief in the Switching distance, in the channel 6 and in the upper part of the first subspace 13, the movable partition 8 'is moved back by the now prevailing pressure difference to position 1, as shown in Fig. 2a.
  • the movable partition 8 ' is equipped with a bottom 16', but which has a gap 22 to the wall 21.
  • this wall 21 is a tube or a rod, which serves as a support for the lower contact members and as a power connection.
  • the movable partition 8 ' has an opening 15', which is above the bottom 16 '.
  • a fixed partition 18 ' is arranged, which is also fixed to the cylinder end 12 and has an opening 19'. This fixed partition 18 'slides gas-tight on the movable partition 8 ⁇ .
  • the function of this embodiment is as follows:
  • the gap 22 must be dimensioned so that the flow resistance is sufficient for this displacement of the partition 8 ⁇ .
  • the hot insulating gas flow presses the cold insulating gas through the opening 10 into the partial space 14.
  • FIG. 4 A somewhat modified exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the function corresponds essentially to that already described for FIG. 1.
  • the difference is that the intermediate wall, which here bears the reference symbol 23, divides the gas storage space 7 into a first partial space 13 and a second partial space 25, which is designed in the form of a meandering labyrinth.
  • the labyrinth shown in Fig. 4 consists of a U-shaped wall 23 and 23 ', in which a wall 24 engages.
  • the U-shaped wall 23 and 23 ' has between its legs and the cylinder bottom 9 two openings 10 and 10'.
  • the in the U-shape engaging wall 24 is fixed to the cylinder bottom 9 and has an opening 10 ⁇ at its end engaging in the U-shape.
  • the U-shaped wall has an opening 11 at its upper end to the cylinder end 12.
  • the hot insulating gas presses in the manner described into the space 13 and from there through the opening 10 into the meandering labyrinth, in which the cold insulating gas is compressed in this way. If the current approaches zero crossing, a pressure relief takes place, as already described. As a result, the cold insulating gas compressed in the meandering subspace 25 flows out through the opening 11 and passes through the channel 6 to the extinguishing section, where the extinguishing process takes place in the manner described.
  • This configuration of the second subspace as a meandering labyrinth can also be combined with non-return valves for the hot insulating gas, as shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b.
  • the innermost wall of the meandering labyrinth must be formed as a movable partition 8 'or 8', which cooperates with a fixed partition 18 or 18 'in the manner described.
  • FIG. 1 Another embodiment, not shown, provides for a gas-tight sliding piston crown to be arranged in the second subspace 14 between the wall 8, 8 ', 8 réelle and the outer wall of the second subspace 14. This is displaceable in the area of the second partial space 14, in which the openings 10, 11, 19 and 15 or 19 'and 15' are not closed, by a pressure difference. Without a pressure difference, this piston head moves into a position above the opening 10, which can be caused by a spring or gravity. Small bores in the piston crown, which do not significantly impair the separation of hot and cold extinguishing gas, make it easier to return the piston crown to the position above opening 10.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Interrupteur à autosoufflage, comportant deux pièces de contact, qui, lors de la mise hors contact amorce un arc à travers une tuyère isolante et le gaz d'extinction passe dans une enceinte d'accumulation de gaz, dont il est refoulé dans la tuyère, lors de l'approche du courant au passage par zéro, caractérisé en ce que

    l'enceinte d'accumulation de gaz (7) est conçue comme un cylindre comportant un tube ou barre passant au milieu et présente une paroi intermédiaire (8, 8', 8'', 23) qui divise, dans le sens axial, l'enceinte d'accumulation de gaz (7), en une première enceinte partielle (13) et en une deuxième enceinte partielle (14, 25), en ce qu'un canal (6), débouchant dans une fente (5) de la tuyère, dirige le flux de gaz en expansion dans la première enceinte partielle (13), en ce que la paroi intermédiaire (8, 8', 8'', 23) présente, à son extrémité opposée à l'embouchure du canal (6), une ouverture 10 qui sert de jonction entre la première enceinte partielle (13) et la deuxième enceinte partielle (14, 25) et en ce que la paroi intermédiaire (8, 8', 8'', 23) présente, à son extrémité contigue à l'embouchure du canal (6), une ouverture (11, 19 et 15, 19' et 15').
  2. Interrupteur à autosoufflage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par une première vanne actionnée par une différence de pression qui laisse passer le gaz isolant dans la première enceinte partielle (13) et qui est fermée par une inversion d'écoulement.
  3. Interrupteur à autosoufflage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que

    l'ouverture (11, 19 et 15, 19' et 15') contigue à l'embouchure du canal (6) de la paroi intermédiaire (8, 8', 8'', 23) est fermée à l'aide d'une deuxième vanne actionnée sous l'effet de la différence de pression, par l'afflux du gaz isolant dans l'enceinte d'accumulation de gaz (7) et est ouverte par une pression plus élevée dans l'enceinte (7) que dans le canal (6).
  4. Interrupteur à autosoufflage selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que

    la première et la deuxième vannes sont actionnées par le gaz isolant affluant dans l'enceinte d'accumulation de gaz (7) ainsi que par l'inversion d'écoulement.
  5. Interrupteur à autosoufflage selon l'une des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que

    la paroi intermédiaire est conçue comme une paroi intermédiaire mobile (8', 8'') qui est déplacée, à l'aide d'un fond (16, 16'), par le gaz affluant dans la première enceinte partielle (13), de la première position à la deuxième position et retourne dans sa première position par le gaz refluant dans la tuyère isolante (1), en ce que la paroi interne (8, 8') présente, à son extrémité contigue à l'embouchure du canal (6), au-dessus du fond (16, 16'), une ouverture (15, 15') et en ce que dans cette zone est disposée une paroi séparatrice fixe (18, 18'), dans laquelle est disposée une ouverture (19, 19'), de manière à ce qu'elle soit alignée avec l'ouverture (15, 15') de la paroi intermédiaire (8', 8''), quand la paroi (8', 8'') se trouve dans sa première position, et à ne pas être alignée dans la deuxième position.
  6. Interrupteur à autosoufflage, selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que

    sur la paroi intermédiaire (8'') est disposé un fond (16') qui forme, en direction de la paroi (21) de l'enceinte d'accumulation de gaz (7), une fente (22), qui est dimensionnée, de manière à présenter une résistance au flux d'une ampleur telle que le gaz isolant affluant pousse la paroi intermédiaire (8'') dans sa deuxième position et le gaz isolant, qui reflue, repousse la paroi intermédiaire (8'') dans sa première position.
  7. Interrupteur à autosoufflage, selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que

    la paroi intermédiaire mobile (8'), sous l'effet de la différence de pression, présente un fond (16), qui divise, de manière étanche au gaz, la première enceinte partielle (13) en deux parties, en ce que la paroi intermédiaire (8') présente, au-dessus du fond (16), une ouverture (15) et en dessous du fond (16), une autre ouverture (17), en ce que la paroi séparatrice (18) présente un évasement formant un espace (20), disposé de sorte que dans la deuxième position de la paroi intermédiaire (8'), l'ouverture (15) et l'autre ouverture (17) débouchent dans l'espace (20), et dans la première position de la paroi intermédiaire (8') l'ouverture (15) ne débouche pas dans l'espace (20).
  8. Interrupteur à autosoufflage, selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que

    la paroi intermédiaire (8''), mobile sous l'effet de la différence de pression, est reliée à un fond (16'), qui présente, en direction de la paroi (21) de l'enceinte d'accumulation de gaz (7), une fente (22) et en ce qu'à la paroi interne (21) de l'enceinte d'accumulation de gaz (7), est apposé un bord (26), de sorte que la fente (22) soit fermée dans la première position de la paroi intermédiaire (8') et soit ouverte dans position de la paroi intermédiaire (8') et soit ouverte dans la deuxième position de la paroi intermédiaire (8').
  9. Interrupteur à autosoufflage, selon l'une des revendications de 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que

    la deuxième enceinte partielle (25) est conçue, entre l'ouverture (10) et l'ouverture (11, 19 et 15, 19' et 15'), comme un labyrinthe en forme de méandres.
  10. Interrupteur à autosoufflage, selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'

    une paroi en forme de U (23, 23') est placée de sorte qu'un côté (23) forme la paroi intermédiaire, où se trouve l'ouverture (11) entre le côté fermé du U et une fermeture de cylindre (12), de sorte que les côtés (23, 23') présentent des ouvertures (10 et 10') orientées vers un fond de cylindre (9) et de sorte que dans le forme en U pénètre une paroi (24) reliée au fond de cylindre (9), de manière à libérer une ouverture (10'') dans la forme en U.
  11. Interrupteur à autosoufflage, selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 5 à 8 et 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que

    la paroi, la plus à l'intérieur du labyrinthe (23) en forme de méandres, est conçue comme paroi intermédiaire mobile (8', 8''), qui glisse de manière étanche au gaz, contre la paroi séparatrice fixe (18, 18'), ouvrant ainsi les ouvertures (19 et 15, 19' et 15') dans la première position de la paroi intermédiaire mobile (8', 8'') et les fermant dans la deuxième position et un fond (16, 16') faisant ainsi barrage au reflux du gaz isolant chaud.
  12. Interrupteur à autosoufflage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que

    dans la deuxième enceinte partielle (14) est disposé un fond de piston coulissant, de manière étanche au gaz, entre la paroi (8, 8', 8'') et la paroi externe de la deuxième enceinte partielle (14), en ce que le fond de piston est déplacé par différence de pression et vient se placer, en l'absence de différence de pression dans une position au-dessus de l'ouverture (10).
EP88112424A 1987-09-24 1988-08-01 Interrupteur à autosoufflage Expired - Lifetime EP0308626B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3732137 1987-09-24
DE3732137 1987-09-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0308626A2 EP0308626A2 (fr) 1989-03-29
EP0308626A3 EP0308626A3 (en) 1989-08-09
EP0308626B1 true EP0308626B1 (fr) 1993-03-10

Family

ID=6336748

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88112424A Expired - Lifetime EP0308626B1 (fr) 1987-09-24 1988-08-01 Interrupteur à autosoufflage

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0308626B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3879059D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102349127B (zh) * 2009-02-13 2014-08-06 西门子公司 带有配备灭弧气体偏转元件的断路间隔的高压断路器

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2646961B1 (fr) * 1989-05-11 1994-01-28 Gec Alsthom Sa Disjoncteur a moyenne tension a autosoufflage
DE3915700C3 (de) * 1989-05-13 1997-06-19 Aeg Energietechnik Gmbh Druckgasschalter mit Verdampfungskühlung
EP1403891B2 (fr) † 2002-09-24 2016-09-28 ABB Schweiz AG Disjoncteur
DE102011007103A1 (de) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrisches Schaltgerät
DE102019213344A1 (de) * 2019-09-03 2021-03-04 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Unterteilen eines Heizvolumens eines Leistungsschalters

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2819599A1 (de) * 1978-05-05 1979-11-08 Licentia Gmbh Elektrischer leistungsschalter mit rotierendem lichtbogen
FR2576144B1 (fr) * 1985-01-16 1987-02-06 Alsthom Atlantique Disjoncteur a haute tension, a gaz comprime, a faible energie de manoeuvre
FR2596575B1 (fr) * 1986-03-26 1988-05-20 Alsthom Disjoncteur a gaz dielectrique sous pression

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102349127B (zh) * 2009-02-13 2014-08-06 西门子公司 带有配备灭弧气体偏转元件的断路间隔的高压断路器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0308626A3 (en) 1989-08-09
DE3879059D1 (de) 1993-04-15
EP0308626A2 (fr) 1989-03-29

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