EP0308327B1 - Verfahren zur Ermittlung des Schneidverschleisses eines Werkzeugs beim Bohren einer Gesteinsformation - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Ermittlung des Schneidverschleisses eines Werkzeugs beim Bohren einer Gesteinsformation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0308327B1
EP0308327B1 EP88402319A EP88402319A EP0308327B1 EP 0308327 B1 EP0308327 B1 EP 0308327B1 EP 88402319 A EP88402319 A EP 88402319A EP 88402319 A EP88402319 A EP 88402319A EP 0308327 B1 EP0308327 B1 EP 0308327B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
wear
weight
curve
torque
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88402319A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0308327A1 (de
Inventor
Hubert Fay
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
    • E21B12/02—Wear indicators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for determining the wear of cutting elements of a tool during drilling of a rock formation.
  • US-A-3,782,190 deals with the detection of faults on the rolling bearings of a tricone bit tool.
  • surface sensors 33 and 36, Fig. 1 measure the torque at the rotation table (T) and the weight suspended from the drilling hook.
  • the method consists in using an analog module to calculate the T / WD ratio. W being the weight on the tool, deducted from the hook load in a conventional manner, D being the diameter of the drilling tool.
  • Patent EP-A-0.168.996 presents a device for detecting events during drilling, such as in particular ruptures on the drilling tools.
  • said first series of measurements from which the first portion of the curve is obtained is carried out on a new tool practically without wear.
  • the quantity linked to said portions of curves depends on the value of the mean radius of curvature of said portion of curves.
  • the portion of the curve obtained can be considered to be more representative of actual wear.
  • the weight value is scanned in stages in the vicinity of its target value and the corresponding values of W and T are determined during this sweep.
  • the invention makes it possible to obtain a determination of the wear of cutting members such as, in particular, the teeth of a tool. It therefore applies perfectly to tools with knurled teeth with countersunk teeth and spikes, or to drilling tools having a relationship of the same type of the applied torque (T) as a function of the weight (W), which is the case, for example. example, PDC tools (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact).
  • the present invention makes it possible to determine the wear of a tool from the measurement of the torque on the tool and of the weight on the tool.
  • the present invention is concerned with the determination of the parameters u and v.
  • K1 being a constant, for a given tool, function of the decentering of the axis of the wheels relative to the axis of the tool, R the current radius of a wheel and ⁇ ′ the complementary angle of the half-angle at top of the same wheel.
  • equation (12) knowing that the penetration ⁇ is related to the weight on the tool according to Cheatham and Gnirk by relationship: with: K2 and K3, parameters depending on the geometrical characteristics of the teeth, the internal friction angle of the formation and, to a small extent, the speed of rotation N. ⁇ , compressive stress at differential pressure P. ⁇ , width of the flat surface of the worn teeth.
  • Equation (14) is written:
  • FIG. 3 represents the experimental curves 15, 16, 17 of the torque (T) as a function of the weight on the tool (W).
  • Curve 15 corresponds to a new tool, curve 16 to the same type of tool with a degree of wear T4 (the designation of the tool in this state being: J3DT4).
  • Curve 17 corresponds to the same tool type with a degree of wear T8 (the tool in this state being designated by J3DT8).
  • the abscissa of FIG. 3 represents the weight exerted on the tool expressed in tonnes and on the ordinate, the torque T expressed in m.daN.
  • Table 1 gives for each curve the designation of the tool and the values of u * and v *.
  • the present invention will now be described in its practical implementation on a drilling site and in particular in the implementation of the determination of the wear of the cutting members.
  • FIG. 1 diagrams the environment allowing the value of the wear criterion v or f (v) to be obtained, the function f corresponding to an additional processing of the parameter v, for example to present the results in a simple manner to the operator.
  • the invention mainly requires knowledge of the two background parameters, weight on the tool (W) and torque on the tool (T).
  • a weight sweep is carried out in stages on the tool.
  • the scanning range and the number of steps must be sufficient.
  • the duration of each weight step is determined by establishing a stabilized operating regime.
  • the reference 1 represents a well drilled using a drilling tool of the tricone type 2 fixed to the end of a drill string 3.
  • the weight and torque measurements exerted on the tool 2 can be transmitted to the surface, for example by the drilling fluid channel, or by any other means (electric cable, etc.) and to the computer 4 by a power line symbolized by the arrow 5.
  • the computer supplies the operator with the value of the wear criterion according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows side by side an evolution curve 6 of the weight W acting on the tool as a function of the depth PR and a curve 7 of evolution of the torque T acting on the tool as a function of the PR depth.
  • the depth scales PR of curves 6 and 7 are identical and correspond to each other.
  • the weight and torque measurements exerted on the tool can be carried out in a manner known to those skilled in the art, for example using the method known as M.W.D. ("Measurement While Drilling").
  • the variation of the weight exerted on the tool can be obtained in a conventional manner by supporting more or less the drill string from the surface.
  • Parameter measurements are made as a function of depth and / or time. It is recommended to be able to perform at least five steps per test, which leads to an overall test duration of around fifteen minutes.
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents a test comprising five stages.
  • the level of the bearing 8 corresponds to the weight on the tool being drilled from which the operator decides to trigger the test.
  • the test includes a reduction in the weight on the tool to arrive at level 9 and then an increase in four other levels, respectively 10, 11, 12 and 13 corresponding to an increase in weight on the tool.
  • the first series of measurements carried out at the bottom of the well, at the level of the tool, on the torque and the weight corresponds to the beginning of the attack of the rock by the tool, that is to say that its wear can to be considered practically zero.
  • the series of measurements made during the first test period is transmitted to the surface of the computer, which establishes from this data a portion of the curve representative of the variations in torque as a function of variations in weight.
  • the computer then keeps in memory this curve corresponding to the test period.
  • the operator triggers a new test period, causing a step change in the weight applied to the tool, the computer again receives a new series of measurements from which he can obtain the curve representative of the variations of T as a function of W.
  • the measurements made at the bottom of the well may present some inaccuracies, it is therefore necessary, from these measurements, to determine an average curve, for example by the method of least squares, and to deduce therefrom the average concavity of this curve represented by the mean radius of curvature, or a quantity linked to this mean value. Then, the determination of the wear can be done, either by controlling the evolution of the average concavity according to the progress of the drilling, or by composing the average concavity with average concavities established during reference tests.
  • this surface measurement can possibly be used in the context of the present invention.
  • the characteristics of the formation crossed, of the tool, the values of the hydraulic conditions and of N can be taken into account to normalize the value of the parameter v and / or that of the criterion.
  • the abscissa of FIG. 4 expresses the weight exerted on the tool in tonnes and the ordinate the torque exerted on the tool expressed in m.daN.
  • Curve 18 is located between dimensions 1320 and 1347 m, curve 19 between dimensions 1460 and 1463.5 m and curve 20 between dimensions 1559 and 1566.5 m.
  • the method according to the present invention makes it possible to avoid drilling with worn tools or to reassemble tools too early.
  • the knowledge of the degree of wear of the tools that it allows plays a direct role in reducing the cost of drilling.

Claims (4)

1. Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Verschleißes von Schneidorganen eines Werkzeugs während des Bohrens einer Gesteinsformation, durch welches man das auf das Werkzeug aufgebrachte Gewicht W und das zur Rotation dieses Werkzeugs notwendige Moment T mißt, wobei das Gewicht am Werkzeug W und das Moment T durch eine Beziehung vom Typ T = uW + vWα verknüpft sind, in welcher u und v Parameter und α ein Koeffizient, der unter anderem von der Formation abhängt, sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
- man eine Aufeinanderfolge von Gewichtswerten auf das Werkzeug im Verlauf des Bohrens während einer ersten Testperiode aufbringt,
- man eine erste Reihe von Messungen, in Höhe des Werkzeugs, am Moment und dem Gewicht während der ersten Testperiode vornimmt,
- man ausgehend von dieser ersten Reihe von Messungen einen Kurventeil aufstellt, der repräsentativ für Veränderungen des Moments als Funktion der Gewichtsveränderungen ist,
- man diesen Teil der während der ersten Testperiode aufgestellten Kurve speichert,
- man während des Bohrfortschritts eine Aufeinanderfolge von Testperioden vornimmt, für deren jede man diesen repräsentativen entsprechenden Kurventeil aufstellt,
- man den für eine gegebene Testperiode erhaltenen Kurventeil mit wenigstens einem vorher erhaltenen Kurventeil vergleicht,
- man hiervon den Grad des Verschleißes der Schneidorgane als Funktion der Veränderung wenigstens einer Größe abzieht, die mit der Konkavität dieser Kurventeile verknüpft ist, beispielsweise den mittleren Krümmungsradius dieser Kurventeile, wobei die Verminderung der Konkavität der Kurve eine Erhöhung des Verschleißes des Werkzeugs bei sonst gleichen Bedingungen anzeigt.
2. Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Verschleißes nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese erste Reihe von Messungen, ausgehend von denen man den ersten Kurventeil erhält, an einem praktisch verschleißfreien neuen Werkzeug vorgenommen wird.
3. Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Verschleißes nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man für eine gegebene Testperiode wenigstens eine Funktion des Parameters v, ausgehend einerseits von diesen Teilen der mit den vorhergehenden Testperioden verknüpften Kurventeilen und andererseits der Beziehung T = uW + vWα ,bestimmt und daß man den Verschleißgrad der Schneidorgane des Werkzeugs durch die Verminderung dieser Funktion des Parameters V herleitet.
4. Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Verschleißes nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man ein stufenweises Abfragen des Gewichtswertes am Werkzeug benachbart seinem Sollwert vornimmt und man die entsprechenden Werte von W und T während dieses Abfragens bestimmt.
EP88402319A 1987-09-17 1988-09-14 Verfahren zur Ermittlung des Schneidverschleisses eines Werkzeugs beim Bohren einer Gesteinsformation Expired - Lifetime EP0308327B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8712928A FR2620819B1 (fr) 1987-09-17 1987-09-17 Methode de determination de l'usure d'un trepan en cours de forage
FR8712928 1987-09-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0308327A1 EP0308327A1 (de) 1989-03-22
EP0308327B1 true EP0308327B1 (de) 1992-04-22

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EP88402319A Expired - Lifetime EP0308327B1 (de) 1987-09-17 1988-09-14 Verfahren zur Ermittlung des Schneidverschleisses eines Werkzeugs beim Bohren einer Gesteinsformation

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US (1) US4926686A (de)
EP (1) EP0308327B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1310753C (de)
DE (1) DE3870374D1 (de)
DK (1) DK509388A (de)
FR (1) FR2620819B1 (de)
NO (1) NO884098L (de)

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US6186248B1 (en) 1995-12-12 2001-02-13 Boart Longyear Company Closed loop control system for diamond core drilling
US5794720A (en) * 1996-03-25 1998-08-18 Dresser Industries, Inc. Method of assaying downhole occurrences and conditions
US6109368A (en) * 1996-03-25 2000-08-29 Dresser Industries, Inc. Method and system for predicting performance of a drilling system for a given formation
US6408953B1 (en) * 1996-03-25 2002-06-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method and system for predicting performance of a drilling system for a given formation
US6612382B2 (en) * 1996-03-25 2003-09-02 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Iterative drilling simulation process for enhanced economic decision making
US7032689B2 (en) * 1996-03-25 2006-04-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method and system for predicting performance of a drilling system of a given formation
US6276465B1 (en) 1999-02-24 2001-08-21 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method and apparatus for determining potential for drill bit performance
US6386297B1 (en) 1999-02-24 2002-05-14 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method and apparatus for determining potential abrasivity in a wellbore
US6353799B1 (en) 1999-02-24 2002-03-05 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method and apparatus for determining potential interfacial severity for a formation
US6634441B2 (en) 2000-08-21 2003-10-21 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. System and method for detecting roller bit bearing wear through cessation of roller element rotation
US6631772B2 (en) 2000-08-21 2003-10-14 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Roller bit rearing wear detection system and method
US7357197B2 (en) 2000-11-07 2008-04-15 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method and apparatus for monitoring the condition of a downhole drill bit, and communicating the condition to the surface
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US6722450B2 (en) 2000-11-07 2004-04-20 Halliburton Energy Svcs. Inc. Adaptive filter prediction method and system for detecting drill bit failure and signaling surface operator
US6648082B2 (en) 2000-11-07 2003-11-18 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Differential sensor measurement method and apparatus to detect a drill bit failure and signal surface operator
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Publication number Publication date
DK509388A (da) 1989-03-18
US4926686A (en) 1990-05-22
DE3870374D1 (de) 1992-05-27
NO884098D0 (no) 1988-09-15
EP0308327A1 (de) 1989-03-22
FR2620819B1 (fr) 1993-06-18
DK509388D0 (da) 1988-09-13
CA1310753C (fr) 1992-11-24
NO884098L (no) 1989-03-20
FR2620819A1 (fr) 1989-03-24

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