EP0306571A1 - Dachschieferplatte und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung - Google Patents

Dachschieferplatte und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0306571A1
EP0306571A1 EP87307920A EP87307920A EP0306571A1 EP 0306571 A1 EP0306571 A1 EP 0306571A1 EP 87307920 A EP87307920 A EP 87307920A EP 87307920 A EP87307920 A EP 87307920A EP 0306571 A1 EP0306571 A1 EP 0306571A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slate
grooves
groove
head
tile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87307920A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
David C. Wallace
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BURLINGTON SLATE Ltd
Original Assignee
BURLINGTON SLATE Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BURLINGTON SLATE Ltd filed Critical BURLINGTON SLATE Ltd
Publication of EP0306571A1 publication Critical patent/EP0306571A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/30—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor to form contours, i.e. curved surfaces, irrespective of the method of working used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/32—Methods and apparatus specially adapted for working materials which can easily be split, e.g. mica, slate, schist
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/12—Roofing elements shaped as plain tiles or shingles, i.e. with flat outer surface
    • E04D1/14—Roofing elements shaped as plain tiles or shingles, i.e. with flat outer surface of slate material, with or without fastening means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements
    • E04D1/2907—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections
    • E04D1/2914—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements
    • E04D1/2916—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements the fastening means taking hold directly on adjacent elements of the same row

Definitions

  • This invention relates to interlocking roofing slates.
  • roofing tiles of natural slate or other materials such as moulded resin, clay or concrete, have been fixed in position simply by passing one or more nails through holes adjacent the upper edge of each tile into battens of a roof structure.
  • the lower edge of each tile remains substantially free but has to overlap one (single lap arrangement) or preferably two (double lap arrange­ment) lower rows of tiles to provide an effective waterproof roof cover.
  • the side edges of the tiles also have to overlap adjacent tiles in a similar manner to prevent ingress of water.
  • moulded or extruded tiles of clay, concrete or plastics material it is a simple matter to incorporate all manner of interlocking groove and ridge arrangements as well as horizontal water bars and projections or recesses for elaborate fastening systems.
  • the extrusion process also enables grooves to be provided during the manufacturing process.
  • the present invention now proposes a roofing tile of natural slate which is adapted to interlock with other similar tiles of natural slate by having at least one groove formed by machining adjacent each of two opposing side edges, the groove or grooves at one side being in the underside of the slate whilst the groove or grooves at the other side is/are in the upper surface of the slate.
  • each groove is at least 1.75mm in depth and at least 5mm wide.
  • the remaining ridge at the extreme edge, outwardly of the groove(s), at each side of the slate and, where more than one groove is formed at each side, the ridges between adjacent grooves should be somewhat narrower than the grooves so as to readily interengage therewith upon assembly. Preferably they are at least 3mm in width.
  • two parallel grooves of 10mm width and 2mm in depth are advantageously formed at each side, with ridges of 8mm width.
  • the invention also proposes a method of manufac­turing a roofing tile of natural slate by machining at least one groove in the underside of the slate adjacent one side edge thereof and also machining at least one groove in the upper surface of the slate adjacent an opposing side edge thereof so that the tile is adapted to interlock with other similar tiles of natural slate.
  • the machining is advantageously effected by milling using a diamond impregnated milling wheel or head of 60 to 80 US mesh grit size or coarser.
  • Slate is extracted from the ground as a natural product using conventional methods. Blocks of the slate are sawn into cubes with four sawn faces, the two opposite and remaining faces being naturally split. Using a heavy hammer and wedge the slate is split down into rivings of four slates thick. The four slates thick rivings are then split, either using a hammer and chisel, or an automatic slate splitting machine to the final thickness of approximately 10mm thickness.
  • each slate will be dressed on two adjacent sides, namely the lower edge or tail 31 and the righthand edge 32, as indicated in Fig. 1.
  • the upper edge or head 33 and the lefthand edge 34 of the slate will be left undressed with a sawn edge.
  • each slate may be put through a mangle dressing machine to confer a whittled edge on the upper edge of the tail 31.
  • Two nail holes are then inserted at the head of the slate using an automatic dual headed holing machine operated by compressed air.
  • the machine comprises two hardened points which descend with a slow twisting action to form the holes.
  • an interlocking margin is formed on the opposing side edges 32, 34 of each slate.
  • the righthand dressed edge 32 is machined so as to have grooves on its underside
  • the lefthand edge 34 which is sawn, is machined so as to have grooves on its upper face. In this way adjoining faces can be interlocked, as will be apparent from Fig. 2.
  • the slates can vary in size from a probable maximum width of 30 inches (approximately 75cm) down to 6 inches (approximately 15cm) in width. Heights are normally half the width, but in any case less than the width, and proportionate.
  • the slate is 336mm wide and 300mm high.
  • Two parallel grooves 35, 36, 45, 46 are formed at each of the opposing edge margins 32, 34 and these are approximately 10mm wide, with an intervening ridge 37, 47 of about 8mm width remaining therebetween and a further ridge, also about 8mm wide, 38, 48 remaining along the extreme margins of the respective edges 32, 34.
  • alternate courses horizontal rows of slates
  • alternate courses have a staggered array of slates so that the grooves, which are liable to allow ingress of water, are not in alignment.
  • wider "slate and a half" slates are required at each end.
  • a slate and a half of 486mm width is provided, whilst for use at the lefthand side, a slate and a half of 450mm width, is provided, the reduction in width being due to complete omission of a grooved edge margin at its lefthand edge.
  • a special lefthand verge slate without an exposed, upwardly facing grooved edge margin at its lefthand side is provided. The latter is only 300mm wide.
  • the groove depth is between 1.75 and 2mm. However, this could be greater if the slate thickness is increased.
  • the width of the grooves may vary from about 5mm to 20mm, with the ridges varying from about 3mm to 15mm, the ridges in all cases being somewhat narrower than the corresponding grooves so that they will fit therein without any difficulty due to slight misalignment etc.
  • the grooves are formed by milling, preferably using a diamond-impregnated wheel or head of 60 to 80 US mesh grit size or coarser.
  • the milling operation may, in practice, be accomplished in several ways.
  • the slates may be laid alternately the right way up, then upside down, on a machine table, and the grooves at the margins machined in using a specially prepared diamond impregnated head, which is attached to a driven spindle, which in turn is mounted onto a beam, which allows the milling head to pass along the slate milling in the grooves.
  • the slates may be laid onto a continuously moving endless belt which passes them underneath a diamond milling wheel at one side and across the top of a respective diamond milling wheel at the other side.
  • the rims of the respective wheels are, of course, formed with ridges and recesses corresponding, respectively, to the required grooves and ridges at the slate edge margins.
  • the diamond type used for the milling wheels or head is preferably 60 to 80 US mesh grit size or coarser since it is important that the grooves should have a sufficiently rough surface to minimize the possibility of water travelling upward of a sloping slate assembly via these grooves by means of capillarity.
  • the actual size (width) of the grooves is also important in this respect, and it may be necessary to pass the slate across the wheel surface or to pass the milling head over the slates several times to achieve the correct dimensioning of the grooves.
  • the resulting interlocking roofing slates are suitable for all roof pitches in moderate exposure down to 25°.
  • the recommended head overlap is 3 inches (approximately 7.5cm), measuring from the fixing holes at the tip.
  • No clips or other devices to hold down the tail of the slate are required due to the higher density of natural slate compared to man-made materials.
  • the naturally split (riven) texture of the slate prevents the rise of water on the riven faces.
  • the specially selected coarse diamond for milling the grooves at the opposing side edge margins helps prevent the rise of water through capillary action in those areas, as mentioned above.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
EP87307920A 1986-06-03 1987-09-08 Dachschieferplatte und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung Withdrawn EP0306571A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB868613406A GB8613406D0 (en) 1986-06-03 1986-06-03 Interlocking roofing slates

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0306571A1 true EP0306571A1 (de) 1989-03-15

Family

ID=10598827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87307920A Withdrawn EP0306571A1 (de) 1986-06-03 1987-09-08 Dachschieferplatte und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0306571A1 (de)
GB (1) GB8613406D0 (de)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE28040C (de) * H. F. PASSAVANT in Basel, Schweiz Neuerungen an Falzziegeln, welche mittelst Strangpresse hergestellt werden
DE199913C (de) *
US1509585A (en) * 1921-03-29 1924-09-23 Elroy A Chase Edge trimmer for stone blocks
FR645508A (fr) * 1927-12-10 1928-10-26 Couvertures d'immeubles
GB776412A (en) * 1955-06-14 1957-06-05 Marienberger Mosaikplattenfabr Improvements in or relating to the accurate grinding of wall tiles
US3839942A (en) * 1972-01-07 1974-10-08 Gen Motors Corp Method for simultaneously milling grooves in opposite sides of a workpiece
EP0128408A2 (de) * 1983-06-04 1984-12-19 Dieter Ludwig Ing.-Grad. Wesely Steinplatten-Bearbeitungsmaschine zum Herstellen innerer und äusserer Konturen der Ränder von Steinplatten
DE8507035U1 (de) * 1985-03-11 1985-08-14 Ertl, Konrad, 8068 Pfaffenhofen Werkzeug zur Bearbeitung von Natur- und Kunststeinen
WO1986001558A1 (en) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-13 Marley Tile A.G. Roof tiles

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE28040C (de) * H. F. PASSAVANT in Basel, Schweiz Neuerungen an Falzziegeln, welche mittelst Strangpresse hergestellt werden
DE199913C (de) *
US1509585A (en) * 1921-03-29 1924-09-23 Elroy A Chase Edge trimmer for stone blocks
FR645508A (fr) * 1927-12-10 1928-10-26 Couvertures d'immeubles
GB776412A (en) * 1955-06-14 1957-06-05 Marienberger Mosaikplattenfabr Improvements in or relating to the accurate grinding of wall tiles
US3839942A (en) * 1972-01-07 1974-10-08 Gen Motors Corp Method for simultaneously milling grooves in opposite sides of a workpiece
EP0128408A2 (de) * 1983-06-04 1984-12-19 Dieter Ludwig Ing.-Grad. Wesely Steinplatten-Bearbeitungsmaschine zum Herstellen innerer und äusserer Konturen der Ränder von Steinplatten
WO1986001558A1 (en) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-13 Marley Tile A.G. Roof tiles
DE8507035U1 (de) * 1985-03-11 1985-08-14 Ertl, Konrad, 8068 Pfaffenhofen Werkzeug zur Bearbeitung von Natur- und Kunststeinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8613406D0 (en) 1986-07-09

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Inventor name: WALLACE, DAVID C.