EP0304037A2 - Ignition system for combustion engines - Google Patents

Ignition system for combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0304037A2
EP0304037A2 EP88113364A EP88113364A EP0304037A2 EP 0304037 A2 EP0304037 A2 EP 0304037A2 EP 88113364 A EP88113364 A EP 88113364A EP 88113364 A EP88113364 A EP 88113364A EP 0304037 A2 EP0304037 A2 EP 0304037A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark
ignition
capacitor
ignition system
spark plug
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88113364A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0304037A3 (en
EP0304037B1 (en
Inventor
Alfred Krappel
Johannes Guggenmos
Josef Holzmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0304037A2 publication Critical patent/EP0304037A2/en
Publication of EP0304037A3 publication Critical patent/EP0304037A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0304037B1 publication Critical patent/EP0304037B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P13/00—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/12—Ignition, e.g. for IC engines

Definitions

  • Such a capacitor serves to increase the energy contained in the spark head of the ignition spark and thus to achieve ignition of even particularly lean mixtures with the help of this spark head.
  • So-called breakdown spark plugs have been known for some time, in which the capacitor is integrated in the spark plug. On the one hand, this leads to a significantly increased overall height of the spark plug and, on the other hand, that such spark plugs only have a short service life. Both problems present considerable difficulties in modern motor vehicle construction and have led to the fact that spark plugs of this type have not been used.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an ignition system of the type mentioned, which forms the capacitor in a structurally simple manner and without increasing the overall height of the spark plug.
  • the invention solves this problem in an ignition system of this type by the means specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
  • the capacitor is thus formed between the hollow body and the channel.
  • the intermediate insulation body prevents flashovers between the hollow body and the channel. In this way it is possible to construct such a capacitor in a constructive manner without changing the commercially available spark plug and thus to achieve the desired energy enrichment of the spark head.
  • the structural possibility of changing the length of the sleeve in relatively wide areas makes it possible to produce capacitors of a defined capacitance. This possibility is supported by the choice of a suitable dialectrical material for the insulation body. In this way it is possible to vary the capacitance in a wide range with regard to its capacitance by constructive design of the sleeve and selection of the suitable insulation body.
  • an ignition system for an internal combustion engine is shown in section, which is partially shown as a section.
  • the ignition system is designed as a single coil ignition system 1 and is arranged in a cylinder head 2 of an internal combustion engine which is only partially shown.
  • a cylinder is partially shown with its bearings 3 and 4 for camshafts, not shown, which are located on the intake and exhaust sides.
  • the single-coil ignition system 1 consists of an overhead, schematically shown ignition coil 5 and a high-voltage supply in the form of a sleeve 6 and a connection contact 7.
  • the sleeve 6 is designed in stages and is located in a channel 8 of the internal combustion engine. It overlaps the connector 7 and the upper part of a spark plug 9, which is electrically connected to the connector 7 via a mating contact 10.
  • the insulation body 11 consists of a material with a high dielectric constant.
  • the sleeve 6 together with the insulation body 11 forms a capacitor, the electrodes of which are formed by the sleeve 6 and the inside of the channel 8 in the cylinder head 2 of the internal combustion engine.
  • the cylinder head 2 is made of metal and is at the same electrical potential as the - not shown - ground electrode of the spark plug 9.
  • the capacitor formed in this way leads to a significant increase in the energy contained in the spark head of the ignition spark, which is formed in the spark plug between the two electrodes. In this way it is possible to ignite even particularly lean mixtures in the manner of a breakdown ignition with the help of the spark head. In this way, reproducible and exact ignition conditions within the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine are achieved.
  • the sleeve 6, which essentially serves as a high-voltage supply and electrical connection between the ignition coil 1 and the spark plug 9, is in one piece with the ignition coil 1 or the insulating body surrounding it (not shown in detail). In this way it is possible, after a prepared insertion of the insulation body 11 into the channel 8 by attaching the single-coil ignition system 1, to form the capacitor and to achieve the desired ignition effect without additional measures and using a commercially available spark plug 9 which is not changed further.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Abstract

On an ignition system for combustion engines with an ignition coil, a high tension lead and a spark plug together with a capacitor arranged parallel to the spark gap, the said capacitor is produced by design modification, particularly of the high tension lead in the cylinder head. For this purpose the high tension lead is designed as a hollow body which is provided on its outside with an insulation element. The insulation element in turn runs inside the bore usually provided in the combustion engine, whose cylinder head is at the same potential as the earth electrode of the spark plug. A capacitor of this type is essentially structural in form and by suitable choice of the insulation element material and structural design of the sleeve and the insulation element permits a variation in the capacitance of the capacitor within wide limits. It is thereby possible to achieve the desired increase in energy in the spark head of the ignition spark in the desired way and without modifying the spark plug.

Description

Ein derartiger Kondensator dient dazu, die im Funkenkopf des Zündfunkens enthaltene Energie zu vergrößern und damit eine Zündung auch besonders magerer Gemische bereits mit Hilfe dieses Funkenkopfs zu erreichen. Seit einiger Zeit sind sog. Durchbruchszündkerzen bekannt, bei denen der Kondensator in der Zündkerze integriert ist. Dies führt einerseits zu einer deutlich vergrößerten Bauhöhe de Zündkerze und andererseits dazu, daß derartige Zündkerzen nur eine geringe Lebensdauer aufweisen. Beide Probleme bereiten im heutigen modernen Kraftfahrzeugbau erhebliche Schwierigkeiten und haben dazu geführt, daß derartige Zündkerzen keine Verwendung gefunden haben.Such a capacitor serves to increase the energy contained in the spark head of the ignition spark and thus to achieve ignition of even particularly lean mixtures with the help of this spark head. So-called breakdown spark plugs have been known for some time, in which the capacitor is integrated in the spark plug. On the one hand, this leads to a significantly increased overall height of the spark plug and, on the other hand, that such spark plugs only have a short service life. Both problems present considerable difficulties in modern motor vehicle construction and have led to the fact that spark plugs of this type have not been used.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Zündsystem der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das auf konstruktiv einfache Weise und ohne Vergrößerung der Bauhöhe der Zündkerze den Kondensator ausbildet.The invention has for its object to provide an ignition system of the type mentioned, which forms the capacitor in a structurally simple manner and without increasing the overall height of the spark plug.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe bei einem Zündsystem dieser Art durch die Mittel, die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 angegeben sind.The invention solves this problem in an ignition system of this type by the means specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Zwischen dem Hohlkörper und dem Kanal bildet sich somit der Kondensator aus. Der dazwischenliegende Isolationskörper verhindert Überschläge zwischen dem Hohlkörper und dem Kanal. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, ohne Veränderung der handelsüblichen Zündkerze einen derartigen Kondensator auf konstruktive Weise zu erzeugen und damit die gewünschte Energieanreicherung des Funkenkopfs zu erzielen. Durch die bauliche Möglichkeit, die Hülse in relativ weiten Bereichen hinsichtlich ihrer Länge zu verändern ist es möglich, Kondensatoren definierter Kapazität zu erzeugen. Diese Möglichkeit wird unterstützt durch die Wahl eines geeigneten Dialektrikums als Material für den Isolationskörper. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, den Kondensator hinsichtlich seiner Kapazität durch konstruktive Gestaltung von Hülse und Auswahl des geeigneten Isolationskörpers in weitem Bereich zu variieren.The capacitor is thus formed between the hollow body and the channel. The intermediate insulation body prevents flashovers between the hollow body and the channel. In this way it is possible to construct such a capacitor in a constructive manner without changing the commercially available spark plug and thus to achieve the desired energy enrichment of the spark head. The structural possibility of changing the length of the sleeve in relatively wide areas makes it possible to produce capacitors of a defined capacitance. This possibility is supported by the choice of a suitable dialectrical material for the insulation body. In this way it is possible to vary the capacitance in a wide range with regard to its capacitance by constructive design of the sleeve and selection of the suitable insulation body.

Konstruktive Ausgestaltungen, die besondere Vorteile bieten, sind in den weiteren Patentansprüchen 2 bis 4 beschrieben. Die Merkmale der Patentansprüche 2 und 3 ermöglichen, eine Anpassung des Kondensators in der jeweils erforderlichen Weise vorzunehmen. Die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 4 zeigen eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausbildung der Erfindung in Verbindung mit einem sog. Einzelspulenzündsystem, das zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnt und beispielsweise durch die Publikation in Automobil-Revue 1984, Nr. 4, Seite 29 bekannt ist.Structural designs that offer particular advantages are described in the further claims 2 to 4. The features of claims 2 and 3 enable the capacitor to be adapted in the manner required in each case. The features of claim 4 show a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention in connection with a so-called single coil ignition system, which is becoming increasingly important and is known, for example, from the publication in Automobil-Revue 1984, No. 4, page 29.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing.

In der einzigen Figur der Zeichnung ist im Schnitt ein Zündsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine gezeigt, die teilweise als Schnitt dargestellt ist. Das Zündsystem ist als Einzelspulenzündsystem 1 ausgebildet und in einem Zylinderkopf 2 einer nur teilweise dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet. Von dieser Brennkraftmaschine ist ein Zylinder teilweise mit seinen Lagerstellen 3 und 4 für nicht dargestellte Nockenwelle gezeigt, die sich auf der Ein- und Auslaßseite befinden.In the single figure of the drawing, an ignition system for an internal combustion engine is shown in section, which is partially shown as a section. The ignition system is designed as a single coil ignition system 1 and is arranged in a cylinder head 2 of an internal combustion engine which is only partially shown. Of this internal combustion engine, a cylinder is partially shown with its bearings 3 and 4 for camshafts, not shown, which are located on the intake and exhaust sides.

Das Einzelspulenzündsystem 1 besteht aus einer obenliegenden schematisch gezeigten Zündspule 5 sowie einer Hochspannungszuführung in Form einer Hülse 6 sowie einem Anschlußkontakt 7. Die Hülse 6 ist stufig ausgebildet und befindet sich in einem Kanal 8 der Brennkraftmaschine. Sie übergreift den Anschlußkontakt 7 sowie den oberen Teil einer Zündkerze 9, die mit dem Anschlußkontakt 7 über einen Gegenkontakt 10 elektrisch verbunden ist. Zwischen der Hülse 6 und dem Kanal 8 befindet sich ein Isolationskörper 11, der unabhängig vom Einzelspulenzündsystem 1 in den Kanal 8 eingesetzt ist. Der Isolationskörper 11 besteht aus einem Material hoher Dielektrizitätskonstante.The single-coil ignition system 1 consists of an overhead, schematically shown ignition coil 5 and a high-voltage supply in the form of a sleeve 6 and a connection contact 7. The sleeve 6 is designed in stages and is located in a channel 8 of the internal combustion engine. It overlaps the connector 7 and the upper part of a spark plug 9, which is electrically connected to the connector 7 via a mating contact 10. Between the sleeve 6 and the channel 8 there is an insulation body 11 which is inserted into the channel 8 independently of the single coil ignition system 1. The insulation body 11 consists of a material with a high dielectric constant.

Die Hülse 6 bildet zusammen mit dem Isolationskörper 11 ein Kondensator, dessen Elektroden durch die Hülse 6 sowie die Innenseite des Kanals 8 im Zylinderkopf 2 der Brennkraftmaschine gebildet sind. Der Zylinderkopf 2 besteht aus Metall und befindet sich auf demselben elektrischen Potential wie die - nicht dargestellte - Masseelektrode der Zündkerze 9.The sleeve 6 together with the insulation body 11 forms a capacitor, the electrodes of which are formed by the sleeve 6 and the inside of the channel 8 in the cylinder head 2 of the internal combustion engine. The cylinder head 2 is made of metal and is at the same electrical potential as the - not shown - ground electrode of the spark plug 9.

Der auf diese Weise gebildete Kondensator führt zu einer deutlichen Erhöhung der im Funkenkopf des Zündfunkens enthaltenen Energie, der sich in der Zündkerze zwischen den beiden Elektroden ausbildet. Auf diese Weise wird es möglich, auch besonders magere Gemische nach Art einer Durchbruchszündung bereits mit Hilfe des Funkenkopfs zu zünden. Auf diese Weise werden reproduzierbare und exakte Zündverhältnisse innerhalb der einzelnen Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine erreicht.The capacitor formed in this way leads to a significant increase in the energy contained in the spark head of the ignition spark, which is formed in the spark plug between the two electrodes. In this way it is possible to ignite even particularly lean mixtures in the manner of a breakdown ignition with the help of the spark head. In this way, reproducible and exact ignition conditions within the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine are achieved.

Die Hülse 6, die im wesentlichen als Hochspannungszuführung und elektrische Verbindung zwischen der Zündspule 1 und der Zündkerze 9 dient, ist einstückig mit der Zündspule 1 bzw. den diese umschließenden Isolationskörper (nicht im einzelnen dargestellt). Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, nach vorbereitetem Einführen des Isolationskörpers 11 in den Kanal 8 durch Befestigen des Einzelspulenzündsystems 1 den Kondensator auszubilden und ohne zusätzliche Maßnahmen und unter Verwendung einer handelsüblichen und nicht im weiteren veränderten Zündkerze 9 die gewünschte Zündwirkung zu erzielen.The sleeve 6, which essentially serves as a high-voltage supply and electrical connection between the ignition coil 1 and the spark plug 9, is in one piece with the ignition coil 1 or the insulating body surrounding it (not shown in detail). In this way it is possible, after a prepared insertion of the insulation body 11 into the channel 8 by attaching the single-coil ignition system 1, to form the capacitor and to achieve the desired ignition effect without additional measures and using a commercially available spark plug 9 which is not changed further.

Claims (3)

1. Zündsystem für Brennkraftmaschinen mit einer Zündspule, mit einer daran über eine teilweise in einem Kanal der Brennkraftmaschine verlaufenden Hochspannungszuführung angeschlossenen Zündkerze für einen sich in einer Funkenstrecke ausbildenden Zündfunken und mit einem der Funkenstrecke parallel geschalteten Kondensator zur Vergrößerung der im Funkenkopf des Zündfunkens enthaltenen Zündenergie, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hochspannungszuführung im Verlauf des Kanals (8) zumindest teilweise als Hohlkörper (6) und daß zwischen dem Hohlkörper (6) und dem Kanal (8) ein Isolationskörper (11) ausgebildet ist.1.Ignition system for internal combustion engines with an ignition coil, with a spark plug connected to it via a high-voltage supply partially running in a channel of the internal combustion engine, for an ignition spark forming in a spark gap, and with a capacitor connected in parallel with the spark gap to increase the ignition energy contained in the spark head of the spark, characterized in that the high-voltage supply in the course of the channel (8) is at least partially as a hollow body (6) and that an insulating body (11) is formed between the hollow body (6) and the channel (8). 2. Zündsystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlkörper (6) eine Hülse ist, die den Verbindungskontakt (7,10) zwischen Hochspannungszuführung und Zündkerze (9) übergreift.2. Ignition system according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow body (6) is a sleeve which engages over the connecting contact (7, 10) between the high-voltage supply and the spark plug (9). 3. Zündsystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Isolationskörper (11) eine Hülse ist, die unabhängig von der Hochspannungszuführung in den Kanal (8) eingesetzt ist. Zündsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (6) einstückig mit einer dem jeweiligen Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine zugeordneten Zündspule (5) ist.3. Ignition system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insulating body (11) is a sleeve which is used independently of the high voltage supply in the channel (8). Ignition system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sleeve (6) is in one piece with an ignition coil (5) assigned to the respective cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
EP19880113364 1987-08-18 1988-08-17 Ignition system for combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP0304037B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3727459A DE3727459C2 (en) 1987-08-18 1987-08-18 Ignition system for internal combustion engines
DE3727459 1987-08-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0304037A2 true EP0304037A2 (en) 1989-02-22
EP0304037A3 EP0304037A3 (en) 1989-04-12
EP0304037B1 EP0304037B1 (en) 1992-12-16

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EP19880113364 Expired - Lifetime EP0304037B1 (en) 1987-08-18 1988-08-17 Ignition system for combustion engines

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EP (1) EP0304037B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3727459C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2037160T3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992010672A1 (en) * 1990-12-10 1992-06-25 Caterpillar Inc. Engine ignition system including a transformer assembly and positioning means therefor

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10207550B4 (en) 2002-02-22 2004-05-27 Audi Ag Ignition device for an internal combustion engine

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5313031A (en) * 1976-07-21 1978-02-06 Hitachi Ltd Igniter
JPS57193776A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-11-29 Tdk Corp Ignition device
WO1985000930A1 (en) * 1983-08-05 1985-02-28 Saab-Scania Aktiebolag Ignition unit in the ignition system of an internal combustion engine
DE8518139U1 (en) * 1985-06-22 1986-10-16 PVL Probosch-Vogt-Loos GmbH & Co Electronic KG, 8501 Cadolzburg Ignition coil integrated with a spark plug connector
DE3620826A1 (en) * 1985-06-22 1987-01-02 Pvl Probosch Vogt Loos Gmbh & Ignition coil integrated with a spark plug connector
GB2199193A (en) * 1986-11-21 1988-06-29 Nippon Denso Co Ignition coil

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4324219A (en) * 1979-02-16 1982-04-13 Hayashi Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Spark intensifier in gasoline engine
US4487192A (en) * 1983-04-18 1984-12-11 Ford Motor Co Plasma jet ignition system
DE3603025A1 (en) * 1986-01-31 1987-08-06 Isotec Ag INTERMEDIATE UNIT FOR A IGNITION SYSTEM

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5313031A (en) * 1976-07-21 1978-02-06 Hitachi Ltd Igniter
JPS57193776A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-11-29 Tdk Corp Ignition device
WO1985000930A1 (en) * 1983-08-05 1985-02-28 Saab-Scania Aktiebolag Ignition unit in the ignition system of an internal combustion engine
DE8518139U1 (en) * 1985-06-22 1986-10-16 PVL Probosch-Vogt-Loos GmbH & Co Electronic KG, 8501 Cadolzburg Ignition coil integrated with a spark plug connector
DE3620826A1 (en) * 1985-06-22 1987-01-02 Pvl Probosch Vogt Loos Gmbh & Ignition coil integrated with a spark plug connector
GB2199193A (en) * 1986-11-21 1988-06-29 Nippon Denso Co Ignition coil

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 2, Nr. 54 (M-78)[540], 19. April 1978; & JP-A-53 13 031 (HITACHI SEISAKUSHO K.K.) 06-02-1978 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 7, Nr. 44 (M-195)[1189], 22. Februar 1983; & JP-A-57 193 776 (TOKYO DENKI KAGAKU KOGYO K.K.) 29-11-1982 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992010672A1 (en) * 1990-12-10 1992-06-25 Caterpillar Inc. Engine ignition system including a transformer assembly and positioning means therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3727459C2 (en) 1999-02-11
ES2037160T3 (en) 1993-06-16
EP0304037A3 (en) 1989-04-12
DE3876716D1 (en) 1993-01-28
DE3727459A1 (en) 1989-03-02
EP0304037B1 (en) 1992-12-16

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