EP0300359B1 - Method and apparatus for treating textile materials in jet machines - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an (improved) process for the discontinuous wet treatment of strand-like textile material made of synthetic or natural fibers or from mixtures of such fibers, rotating on nozzles (jet) dyeing systems in endless form, with aqueous liquors containing dyes which are suitable for the fiber type in question Extraction technology or other textile finishing products, whereby the feed for the transport of the goods within the self-contained jet system via the actuation of the nozzle system by means of the kinetic energy of a circulated gas stream which is not inert in relation to the intended specific treatment effect, this flowing gas simultaneously Treatment agents or treatment agent preparations are added and thus brought into contact with the textile material in accordance with the preselected temperature and pressure conditions, where they come into effect immediately in the fixing state.

A generic method in which textile fabric strands in jet piece dyeing plants are subjected to a wet finishing, in particular a dyeing process, is described in the European patent EP-B-0 078 022. According to this working principle explained for the dyeing of the textile material, which is available in endless form, in the cited literature reference, which allows the seamless transition from successive treatment courses without a standstill under isothermal conditions, the dissolved or dispersed treatment agent becomes the driving, non-inert gas stream in the nozzle section of a special one Injection cycle, so on the Pressure side of the fan generating the gas stream added in atomized form. This requires a pump (preferably a centrifugal pump) which generates the differential pressure required for the injection of the treatment agents into the gas stream, and a nozzle which ensures the atomization of the treatment liquor, the required injection quantity being set within the characteristic diagram of the pump. To control such an operating pump, there must be a sufficient volume of treatment liquor on the suction side of the pump and the total pressure in the pump suction connection must be a minimum distance higher than the vapor pressure of the treatment liquor in the suction connection of the pump. The liquor ratio present in the known method as the relationship between the weight of the textile goods in kg to the volume of the treatment liquor in liters results from the volume of the moisture loading of the textile goods, the volume of treatment liquor on the suction side of the pump and the content of the injection system including the pump and the lines , Heat exchangers and fittings. In order to limit the total volume of the treatment liquor, this method requires a high level of measurement and control.

The object of the present invention is therefore to further shorten the liquor ratio by means of suitable measures and to make the process sequence simpler.

This object is achieved in that the treatment agent batch is metered into the driving gas stream on the suction side of the blower generating this gas stream, the blower effecting its fine distribution by atomization into the flowing gas.

Characteristic feature of the present invention over the prior art from the European Patent EP-B-0 078 022 is the elimination of the separate injection circuit for the treatment agent to be entered, ie the injection cycle is therefore no longer a self-contained machine device, but is directly connected to the gas circuit insofar as the driving force for the introduction the treatment fleet does not start from a system consisting of an injection pump and nozzle, but from the suction jet effect of the blower that maintains the gas cycle. Now that the treatment liquor is added to the gas flow on the suction side of the blower and the fine distribution of the blower in the gas flow is ensured by the conveying work of the blower, in addition to the economic advantage of further energy savings, the machine system and the one for carrying out the Procedure required control effort.

The fact that considerable acceleration forces act on the droplets of the treatment liquor distributed by the gas flow in the blower, which actually made it possible that the treatment liquid introduced due to coalescence on the impeller blades of the blower and in the pressure-side housing part, did not speak against the feasibility of this inventive idea remains distributed.

It was also feared that the accelerating forces occurring, especially in fleets with treatment agents dispersed therein, would cause them to separate and thus cause inhomogeneities in the fleet.

It was therefore surprising that the treatment liquors can be applied in this simple, inventive way, ie can be introduced into the dyeing system.

The present invention has a wide range of applications in terms of the type of wet treatment and can - regardless of their special nature - z. B. for dyeing, finishing, etc. of textile goods, especially where it is about the minimum order of treatment agents permanently applied to the goods. Depending on the type of wet treatment operation envisaged, it may be sufficient with regard to the textile material to be treated in the jet system if the addition of treatment agent batches to the gas stream is carried out in such a way that a liquor ratio is established in the dyeing system which is related to the total amount fleet introduced in this way reaches up to the float carrying capacity of the textile goods. In other cases, constraints may make it seem advisable or there may be advantages if the addition of the liquor batches of the treatment agent to the gas stream is carried out in such a way that a liquor ratio is set in the dyeing system which, in relation to the total amount of liquor introduced in this way, affects the liquor carrying capacity of the liquor Textile goods exceed.

The claimed method can also advantageously be applied to multi-stage wet treatment operations which require different but separate dosing processes for liquid treatment agent batches. Depending on the circumstances, in such a project the addition of at least one partial liquor to the gas stream will take place according to the invention on the suction side of the fan, while the supply of further partial liquors for the other process stages can take place according to conventional guidelines. In the event that several sub-fleets in succession separate the operating jet system in accordance with the feature of the present invention it may then appear advisable to measure the proportionate amounts thereof, e.g. the first partial foot for a pretreatment step (such as netting), so that in the end the actual measure, which is regarded as the main component of the working method (such as Dyeing), in terms of quantity results in the desired liquor ratio.

• Es wird ein noch niedrigeres Flottenverhältnis im Färbesystem ermöglicht, da der Behandlungsflottenansatz sehr klein gehalten werden kann, so daß auch bei Zugabe mehrerer Flottenansätze das vom erfindungsgemäßen Behandlungsverfahren abhängige minimale Flottenverhältnis eingehalten werden kann.
• Ein Behandlungsmittelzusatz entsprechend der beanspruchten Arbeitsweise beeinflußt kaum im Färbesystem gegebenenfalls bereits eingestellte isotherme Bedingungen bzw. werden diese bloß unwesentlich sowie rasch ausgleichbar verändert.
• Eine beachtenswerte Energieeinsparung resultiert nach der vorliegenden Erfindung aus dem verringerten Flottenverhältnis sowie durch den Wegfall des separaten Injektionskreislaufes und damit seinen Regelmechanismen, was auch eine bedeutende Vereinfachung der Maschine selbst darstellt.
• Im Falle von niedrigerem Flottenverhältnis ergeben sich darüber hinaus Einsparungen an Hilfsmitteln, an Elektrolyten (vorzugsweise bei Färbungen mit Reaktiv- bzw. Direktfarbstoffen), an Farbstoffen (mit solchen Verteilungskoeffizienten, bei denen durch ein kleines Flottenverhältnis eine höhere Baderschöpfung erreicht wird), an Energie und letztlich an Abwasser, das zudem weniger belastet ist. Selbst geringe Mengen von überschüssiger, d.h. nicht im Farbgut gebundener Flotte werden dem Kreislauf wieder sicher zugeführt, wogegen bei dem bisherigen Injektionssystem von vornherein höhere Mengen der Behandlungsflüssigkeit zur Verfügung stehen mußten, um die Injektionspumpe einwandfrei betreiben zu können.
• Erstaunlicherweise wurde gefunden, daß unter den erfindungsgemäßen Bedingungen des Färbens in Jet-Färbemaschinen ein niedrigeres Flottenverhältnis bessere Egalität zur Folge hat.

The new type of process control described above gives the following advantages over the processes known from the prior art, particularly according to European patent EP-B-0 078 022:

• An even lower liquor ratio in the dyeing system is made possible because the treatment liquor batch can be kept very small, so that the minimum liquor ratio dependent on the treatment process according to the invention can be maintained even when several liquor batches are added.
• A treatment agent additive according to the claimed method of working hardly influences any isothermal conditions that may have already been set in the dyeing system, or these are merely changed insignificantly and can be compensated quickly.
• According to the present invention, remarkable energy savings result from the reduced liquor ratio and from the elimination of the separate injection circuit and thus its control mechanisms, which also represents a significant simplification of the machine itself.
• In the case of a lower liquor ratio, there are also savings in auxiliary materials, in electrolytes (preferably for dyeing with reactive or direct dyes), in dyes (with those distribution coefficients in which a higher liquor ratio results in a higher bath exhaustion), energy and ultimately wastewater, which is also less polluted. Even small amounts of excess liquor, ie liquor that is not bound in the paint, are safely returned to the circuit, whereas in the previous injection system, larger amounts of the treatment liquid had to be available from the start in order to operate the injection pump properly.
• Surprisingly, it has been found that under the conditions according to the invention of dyeing in jet dyeing machines, a lower liquor ratio results in better levelness.

A device suitable for carrying out the claimed method, to which the invention in question also relates, consists of a jet dyeing machine of a conventional type
with a self-contained, essentially ring-shaped treatment kettle for receiving / storing the textile material to be treated as a strand in an endless form and - at least during the wet treatment operation - for its circulation while actuating a nozzle system built into the goods orbit, said kettle with an over the same nozzle arrangement is connected to a separate circuit for a gas flow that alone manages or possibly supports the gas feed and includes a limited distance from the nozzle arrangement,
along which the line of goods is exposed to the influence of the kinetic energy of the drive gas,
a blower in the gas circuit for generating and compressing the driving gas stream
as well as mechanical means for the uniform introduction of the treatment liquors into the gas cycle,
and is characterized in that the connections for the mechanical means for metering in the gas circuit and / or subsequent circulation of the treatment agent batches are arranged on the suction side of the blower without a separate injection circuit being present.

Fig. 1 bis Fig. 5

eine Illustration des Färbejets als Gesamtanlage im Querschnitt und

Fig. 6 und Fig. 7

den Ausschnitt Z aus den Fig. 1 bis 5, welcher Varianten a) bis e) für eine Auswahl von Behandlungsmittelzuführungselementen wiedergibt.

Exemplary embodiments of such a device according to the invention are shown schematically in the drawings given below. The figures shown show in

1 to 5

an illustration of the dye jet as a complete system in cross section and

6 and 7

the section Z from FIGS. 1 to 5, which shows variants a) to e) for a selection of treatment agent supply elements.

AK =

Auffangkessel für Flottenüberschuß

AG =

Ansatzgefäß für Behandlungsmittelzubereitung

BK =

Behandlungskessel/Warenspeicher

D =

Dosierpumpe für Flottenzuführung

DS =

Düse (Jet-Einrichtung)

DZ =

Ventil für Dampfzuleitung

G =

Gebläse

HA =

HT-Ablaß für Flotte

LZ =

Ventil für Luftzuleitung

M =

Mischeinrichtung

TG =

Textilgut in Strangform

U =

Umlaufpumpe für Flottenzirkulation

V =

Venturirohr

VD =

Drosselventil zur Flottendosierung

VE =

Entleerungsventil für die Flotte

VR =

Rückströmventil für die Flotte

VS =

Spülwasserventil

VV =

Vorlaufventil (Verbindungsventil)

VU =

Umlaufventil

WF =

Wärmeaustauscher in der Flottenzirkulation

WG =

Wärmeaustauscher im Gaskreislauf

Z =

Ausschnitt zur Darstellung von Varianten für die Behandlungsmittelzuführungselemente

ZD =

Zerstäuberdüse für Behandlungsmittel

ZV =

Zulaufventil

ST =

Strömungsrichtung des antreibenden Gases

The reference symbols used are identical to the letters used for this purpose in the text and have the following meaning:

AK =

Collection boiler for excess liquor

AG =

Preparation vessel for treatment preparation

BK =

Treatment boiler / goods store

D =

Dosing pump for liquor feed

DS =

Nozzle (jet device)

DZ =

Valve for steam supply

G =

fan

HA =

HT drain for fleet

LZ =

Air supply valve

M =

Mixing device

TG =

Stranded textile goods

U =

Circulation pump for fleet circulation

V =

Venturi tube

VD =

Throttle valve for fleet dosing

VE =

Drain valve for the fleet

VR =

Backflow valve for the fleet

VS =

Flushing water valve

VV =

Flow valve (connection valve)

VU =

Circulation valve

WF =

Heat exchangers in the liquor circulation

WG =

Heat exchanger in the gas circuit

Z =

Detail to show variants for the treatment agent supply elements

ZD =

Atomizing nozzle for treatment agents

ZV =

Inlet valve

ST =

Direction of flow of the driving gas

The illustration of the jet dyeing machine shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 largely corresponds to the prototype of such a device as is described in detail in US Pat. No. 3,949,575.

In the dyeing jet further developed according to the invention according to FIG. 1, the machine diagram is described in a basic first expansion stage: the heat exchanger (WG) arranged on the pressure side of the blower (G) is available for heating or cooling the circulating drive gas as required. The same can, among other things, be equipped as a gas cooler so that the gas temperature is kept constant even when working at low dyeing temperatures, e.g. 30 ° C becomes possible. In a similar sense, this heat exchanger (WG) can be used to cool the gas circuit following a dyeing operation under HT conditions.

2, 3, 4 and 5, additional devices are included within the above-mentioned basic system, which can be used individually depending on the particular application methods for the jet.

2 is the connection of a heat exchanger (WF), optionally for heating or cooling, in the line for the Fleet addition. On the one hand, this enables the treatment liquor to be fed into the suction connection of the fan, for example during a heating-up phase, at the same temperature as the gas temperature. It is also possible to heat this when adding rinsing water so that, among other things, a desired liquor temperature of 95 ° C. can be regulated in one pass, for. B. for the aftertreatment of a reactive dye. With a corresponding switchover to cooling, such a heat exchanger (WF) can on the other hand be used to lower the temperature in the gas circuit and thus to cool the entire system, so that the heat exchanger (WG) is then no longer required for such a task. The heat exchanger (WF) can also be used in the course of indirect heating of the treatment medium, to reduce the amount of direct steam that is otherwise required via the valve (DZ), or to cool the HT stains generated, with the heat exchanger (WG) possibly being excluded Operation can be carried out if there is excess liquor, ie treatment liquid flowing through the valve (VU).

In Fig. 3 the additional installation of a circulation pump (U) and a metering pump (D) is shown: By means of the circulation pump (U), which ensures the circulation of the fleet from the storage tank (BK) to the blower (G), the fleet throughput can be achieved increase in those processes in which a larger amount of excess liquor, ie which is not bound in the dye, must be used. For the addition of a metering pump (D), the system offers several connection options, as is shown, inter alia, in FIG. 6, variant b). However, due to the atomization of the treatment liquor into the gas stream by the blower (G), the circulation pump (U) mentioned only needs to be designed for a smaller delivery head than that after the European patent EP-B-0 078 022 described operating pump, which accordingly results in a correspondingly lower output for the circulation pump (U).

Fig. 4 shows the connection of a backflow valve (VR) for the liquor into the batch container (AG): This arrangement is provided for the return of a liquid flow conveyed by the circulation pump (U) and then throttled by the valve (VD) back into the batch vessel ( AG), or in general for the return of the available mobile fleet parts (ie that are not bound by the textile goods) into the batch vessel (AG), e.g. for the strengthening of the treatment liquor or for the removal of dye samples without loss of liquor in the course of the production of HT dyeings.

Fig. 5 shows the presence of a mixing device (M) when several stores are connected in parallel: Such a mixing device (M) is located in the gas pressure line above the blower (G) and prevents the formation of a condensate film on the inner surface of the pipe from the atomized treatment agent preparation. Such a mixing device (M) ensures that the treatment liquor, which is finely distributed in the gas, also flows to each of the storage tanks in the same amount via the circulated gas volume, so that the refining effect, e.g. the color depth, from memory to memory evenly.

The principle of operation of the claimed device can be illustrated as follows:
Even while the jet dyeing machine is loading the textile material (TG), the suction effect of the blower (G) turns a treatment bath, for example a mesh bath, into the gas stream registered. Said network bath was set up in the batch container (AG) according to the quantity and bath setting, which was then introduced into the gas stream with the circulation valve (VU) closed via the flow valve (VV), through the metering valve (VD) and the suction connection on the blower (G) is distributed on the textile material (TG) within the nozzle (DS).

After the textile goods (TG) have been introduced, the beginning and end of the piece of textile goods are sewn together and the endless line of goods thus produced is now kept in a circulating movement with the aid of the gas cycle, the remaining net bath being evenly distributed over the textile goods.

Following the closing of the treatment tank (BK), the driving gas mixture, which creates the isothermal conditions, is generated by injecting air and steam via the valves (LZ) and (DZ) and injected into the machine, while simultaneously the liquor already present therein heats up. By regulating the valves (LZ) and (DZ), the necessary starting conditions of the gas mixture and the goods (TG) for the dyeing operation are set. The circulation valve (VU) is open so that the treatment liquor that may drip from the textile material (TG) can be sucked in again by the blower (G) via the metering valve (VD) and can thus be redistributed in the gas stream. Between the valve (VU) and the line connection at the lowest point of the treatment tank (BK), a collecting tank (AK) is connected for the excess liquor, which is expediently equipped with a filter insert for filtering off the treatment liquid from any lint or fiber exits from the textile material (TG ) Is provided. The size of the collecting tank (AK) is chosen such that when using the dyeing jet, all common finishing processes can be carried out using a pull-out method on a wide variety of fiber materials, ie the permissible concentration of the treatment liquor need not be exceeded. The line connection on Collecting boiler (AK) to the circulation valve (VU) is arranged in such a way that it is possible to work practically without a treatment liquor in the collecting boiler (AK), ie extremely low liquor ratios can also be used according to the invention.

The treatment liquor, which was entered as a network bath in the application example presented, is heated by the steam flowing in via the valve (DZ), specifically because of the heat given off during the condensation of the water vapor fed in in this way. Depending on the amount of the net bath and the maximum moisture absorption of the textile goods (TG), also known as the liquor retention capacity, the volume proportion of the moisture due to the steam condensation is absorbed by the textile goods (TG) or - if the maximum retention capacity of the textile goods (TG) is reached before it is reached the final temperature (ie in the case of isothermal processes from the fixing temperature dependent on the dye and the fiber) - the further increase in the treatment liquor is saved by the collecting vessel (AK). The valve (VD) is then brought into a throttle position which corresponds to a quantity of liquid which is dependent on the suction effect of the fan (G). However, if the pressure difference between the suction connection of the blower (G) and the batch container (AG) is too low, for example when the gas mixture is statically overpressured in the jet machine, the dye batch is not introduced from the batch container (AG) via the connection valve (VV), but via a metering pump (D). In accordance with the throttle position of the valve (VD) and the suction effect of the fan (G), i.e. the amount of liquid, this results in the concentration of the treatment liquor distributed in the gas stream, which is brought into contact with the textile material (TG) in the nozzle arrangement (DS) under isothermal conditions.

The introduction of the treatment liquor or the addition of product batches, such as a dissolved or dispersed one Dye, in the gas stream driving the textile material, can take place according to the invention according to several variants, the principle of which can be seen from FIGS. 6 and 7. Figures a) to e) shown there each relate to section Z from the scheme for the dyeing jet corresponding to FIGS. 1 to 5:
In the case of variant a), the treatment liquor is dosed in the area of the suction nozzle from the fan (G) via a Venturi tube (V), which supports the suction jet effect of the fan (G) due to the flow velocity in the nozzle cross section. If the system pressure is higher, the treatment agent batches are introduced from the batch container (AG) by means of the metering pump (D), the liquor quantity added in each case then essentially being given as a flow through the throttle position of the valve (VD).

Variant b) for the metering of the treatment liquor represents an extension of variant a), the metering pump (D) being able to connect a nozzle (ZD) in addition to the Venturi tube (V) in the area of the suction nozzle of the blower (G) and this being pressure-dependent Atomizer nozzle (ZD) is matched to the delivery rate of the metering pump (D).

For the same purpose, the arrangement according to variant c) uses the circulation pump (U), which can also be equipped as a metering pump, and an atomizing nozzle (ZD), by means of which the treatment liquor is injected into the gas stream and distributed. The pump (U) used for this modification, however, only needs to be equipped with very poor performance, since the downstream atomizer nozzle (ZD) can only be designed for a low pressure drop, because of the wider distribution of the treatment liquor in the blower (G).

According to the provisions for variant d), a metering pump (D) pumps the treatment liquor into the gas stream almost without pressure through an outlet nozzle.

According to variant e), the treatment liquor is finally allowed to run into the gas stream in the manner of a downdraft gasifier, via which it is then taken along and atomized in the fan (G).

example 1

3, 180 kg of dry knitwear made of textured polyester thread material in strand form are run in, the goods being transported aerodynamically by means of compressed air by means of a gas stream generated by the blower (G).

2 g/l eines

Egalisierhilfsmittels auf Basis eines hochmolekularen, sulfogruppenhaltigen Polyesters und

1,5 g/l

Natriumacetat

sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung des pH-Wertes auf 4,5 enthält, über das Vorlaufventil (VV) dem umgewälzten Gasstrom zufließen. Die Zudosierung dieses gesamten Flottenansatzes in den Gaskreislauf erfolgt dabei auf der Saugseite des Gebläses über ein Venturirohr (V), das eine Vorverteilung der Flotte im Dampfstrom besorgt. Die endgültige Feinverteilung wird dann durch das Gebläse (G) selbst vorgenommen (Behandlungsmittelzuführung entsprechend Variante a).At the same time, 300 l of an aqueous treatment liquor which is hot at 85 ° C. are left out of the batch vessel (AG), which - based on the total amount of liquor envisaged -

2 g / l one

Leveling agent based on a high molecular weight, sulfo-containing polyester and

1.5 g / l

Sodium acetate

as well as acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.5, flow to the circulated gas flow via the flow valve (VV). This entire liquor batch is metered into the gas circuit on the suction side of the blower via a venturi tube (V), which ensures that the liquor is pre-distributed in the steam flow. The final fine distribution is then carried out by the blower (G) itself (treatment agent supply according to variant a).

Following the loading process with the drive switched off, the textile material (TG) is sewn together with its two ends in such a way that an endless strand of goods is produced. The inlet opening of the treatment vessel (BK) is then closed and the textile material is rotated again by the action of the fan flow in the nozzle (DS). Steam is also supplied via the control valve (DZ) on the pressure side of the running fan (G) and brought into contact with the textile material via the nozzle section (DS). Due to the action of the steam, the product temperature of the circulating textile material now increases over a predetermined gradient to approximately that of the steam which is pressed in, and the The dye tank (BK) fills itself with steam of the same temperature. As soon as a final temperature of 130 ° C has been reached, the steam supply is reduced to the amount required only to cover the heat losses.

in Form einer wäßrigen Dispersion enthält, dem Dampfstrom zudosiert. Diese Beimischung erfolgt gleichfalls auf der Saugseite des Gebläses (G) analog dem vorhergehenden Zusatzmodus für die Hilfsmittelflotte, allerdings wird hier die Zufuhr der gesamten Flottenmenge an dem obigen Färbebad auf die Dauer von z.B. 10 Warenumläufen verteilt. Sodann werden die Warenzirkulation sowie die Gasumwälzung bei der vorgewählten Färbetemperatur bis zur Erschöpfung des Färbebades, in diesem Falle 15 min., beibehalten.After the fixing temperature of the dye has been reached or only at the dyeing temperature of 130 ° C., 20 l of an aqueous dye liquor heated to 85 ° C., which, based on the weight of the goods,
0.55% of the commercially available blue disperse dye of the formula

contains in the form of an aqueous dispersion, metered into the steam stream. This admixture also takes place on the suction side of the blower (G) analogous to the previous additional mode for the auxiliary fleet, but here the supply of the entire fleet amount to the above dyebath is distributed over the duration of, for example, 10 product cycles. Then the goods circulation and the gas circulation are maintained at the preselected dyeing temperature until the dye bath is exhausted, in this case 15 minutes.

The set static pressure in the machine is now removed via a so-called hot (HT) drain (HA), with a spontaneous cooling of the goods adiabatically in approx. 1 min. to about 100 ° C results.

This is followed by a hot rinse of the thus dyed textile goods at approx. 85 ° C, the washing water used for this from Batch container (AG) is introduced into the gas circuit via the flow valve (VV) and is removed again after the completion of this treatment step with the circulation valve (VU) closed via the drain valve (VE). Such a rinsing process can be carried out in cycles using 2 batch container fill quantities or can also be carried out by means of excess liquor over a specific time specification.

5 ml

Natronlauge (32,5 %ig),

2 g

Hydrosulfit und

1 g

eines anionischen Tensids

enthält, auf gleiche Weise wie zuvor in die Jet-Maschine einlaufen, mittels Dampfeinströmung über das Ventil (DZ) auf 95 °C aufheizen und zur reduktiven Reinigung der so erzeugten Färbung 15 min. auf die Ware einwirken.Then leave an aqueous, 80 ° C hot aftertreatment liquor from the batch container (AG), per liter

5 ml

Sodium hydroxide solution (32.5%),

2 g

Hydrosulfite and

1 g

an anionic surfactant

contains, run into the jet machine in the same way as before, heat up to 95 ° C by means of steam inflow via the valve (DZ) and 15 min for reductive cleaning of the coloring thus produced. act on the goods.

During all these rinsing and post-treatment operations, the goods are kept in circulation by steam-hot air drives.

Now there are two more hot rinsing processes (at 85 ° and 60 ° C) and a cold rinsing with water finally ends the dyeing measures.

You get a completely level blue color on the knitwear.

Example 2

3 150 kg of a dry polyester / cotton blended fabric in rope form are run into, the goods being transported aerodynamically by means of compressed air with the aid of a blower (G) generated gas flow and additional mechanical support by a driven roller (in Fig. 3 without reference numerals).

1,5 g/l

eines Egalisierhilfsmittels auf Basis eines hochpolymeren, sulfogruppenhaltigen Polyesters und

1,5 g/l

Natriumacetat

sowie Essigsäure zur Einstellung des pH-Wertes auf 4,5, werden auf der Saugseite des den Warenvortrieb bewirkenden Gebläses (G) dem umgewälzten Gasstrom zudosiert (Behandlungsmittelzuführung entsprechend Variante b).Simultaneously with the goods to be treated, the intended fleet quantity is introduced as follows:
Containing 250 l of water at 80 ° C

1.5 g / l

a leveling agent based on a high polymer, sulfo-containing polyester and

1.5 g / l

Sodium acetate

as well as acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.5, are metered into the circulated gas flow on the suction side of the blower (G) which drives the goods (treatment agent supply according to variant b).

After the loading process has ended and the goods have come to a standstill, the textile material (TG) is sewn together at its two ends in such a way that an endless strand is formed. The inlet opening of the treatment tank (BK) is then closed and the textile material is put into circulation again by switching on the blower and adding steam. The effect of the steam increases the temperature of the goods.

0,4 %

des handelsüblichen, gelben Dispersionsfarbstoffes der Formel

und 0,33 %

des handelsüblichen, blauen Dispersionsfarbstoffes der Formel

in Form einer wäßrigen Dispersion enthält, dem strömenden Dampf zudosieren. Der zeitliche Ablauf der abgewickelten Flotteneinspeisung wird gleichmäßig über die Dauer der durch weitere Dampfzugabe bewirkten Steigerung der Färbetemperatur auf 130°C verteilt. Dieser Vorgang erfolgt auf der Saugseite des Gebläses mittels einer Dosierpumpe (D). Der überschüssige Anteil an von der Ware nicht gebundener Gesamtflotte wird sodann bei laufender Zerstäubung in Zirkulation gehalten und der Färbeprozeß wird daraufhin bei 130°C noch etwa 20 min. bis zur Erschöpfung des Färbebades fortgeführt.
Nunmehr erfolgt die Abkühlung der zirkulierenden Flotte - einmal durch Betätigung von einem sogenannten Heiß(HT)-Ablaß (HA), zum anderen bei der Passage über den Wärmeaustauscher (WF) - bis auf 85 °C, wobei man ab einer Temperatur von 100 °C durch Zumischung von Druckluft ein Dampf/Luft-Gemisch einstellt.
Mit der anschließenden Einleitung von warmem Wasser von etwa 60 °C in das Behandlungsgefäß (BK) über das Ventil (VS) wird der Spülprozeß für die Polyesterfärbung begonnen und durch mehrmaligen Badwechsel bei zugleich fallender Behandlungstemperatur zu Ende geführt.As soon as a temperature of 120 ° C is reached, 50 l of an aqueous, 80 ° C warm liquor, which - based on the weight of the goods - are mixed out under the conditions now prevailing

0.4%

of the commercially available, yellow disperse dye of the formula

and 0.33%

of the commercially available blue disperse dye of the formula

contains in the form of an aqueous dispersion to meter the flowing steam. The temporal course of the processed liquor feed is distributed evenly over the duration of the increase in the dyeing temperature caused by further steam addition to 130 ° C. This process takes place on the suction side of the blower by means of a metering pump (D). The excess portion of the total liquor not bound by the goods is then kept in circulation while atomization is in progress and the dyeing process is then continued at 130 ° C. for about 20 minutes. continued until the dye bath was exhausted.
Now the circulating liquor is cooled down - once by actuating a so-called hot (HT) drain (HA), on the other hand when passing through the heat exchanger (WF) - to 85 ° C, starting at a temperature of 100 ° C sets a steam / air mixture by adding compressed air.
With the subsequent introduction of warm water of approximately 60 ° C. into the treatment vessel (BK) via the valve (VS), the rinsing process for the polyester dyeing is started and ended by repeated bath changes while the treatment temperature is falling.

For the subsequent dyeing of the cotton portion of the blended fabric, the goods drive is taken this time by means of a heated humid air stream from the nozzle system (DS) at 0.2 bar overpressure, generated by the fan (G) and again with the support of the driven roller. A temperature of about 40 ° C is set at the same time.

50 g/l

Glaubersalz kalz.,

sowie eine Mischung aus - bezogen auf das Warengewicht -

1,4 %

des handelsüblichen, gelben Reaktivfarbstoffes der Formel

   und 0,8 % des handelsüblichen, blauen Reaktivfarbstoffes der Formel

in gelöstem Zustand enthält, in gleicher Weise wie die Flotte mit den Dispersionsfarbstoffen in die Jet-Maschine eingebracht.At this temperature, 50 l of an aqueous preliminary liquor, likewise 40 ° C., prepared in the preparation vessel (AG), which - based on the total amount of dyebath in the bath -

50 g / l

Glauber's salt calc.,

as well as a mixture of - based on the weight of the goods -

1.4%

of the commercially available, yellow reactive dye of the formula

and 0.8% of the commercially available blue reactive dye of the formula

contains in the dissolved state in the same way as the fleet with the disperse dyes introduced into the jet machine.

200 ml

Natronlauge (32,5 %ig) und

1 kg

Soda kalz.,

entnommen und über die Dosierpumpe (D) auf der Saugseite des Gebläses dem Treibgas im Laufe von 20 Minuten zudosiert. Durch gleichzeitige Zugabe von Dampf in den Heißluftstrom wird jetzt die Färbetemperatur innerhalb von 30 min. auf 80 °C erhöht und das umlaufende Textilgut wird 60 min. bei dieser Temperatur belassen. Die Nachbehandlung der Färbung mittels Einleitung von Spülwasser in die Färbeanlage (BK), verbunden mit der anschließenden Behandlung im Neutralisations- und Seifbad, geschieht im Einklang mit der dafür sonst üblichen Arbeitsweise.For subsequent fixation of the reactive dyes applied to the goods, 3 min. later from the batch vessel (AG) containing 30 l of another aqueous, 60 ° C. warm liquor

200 ml

Sodium hydroxide solution (32.5%) and

1 kg

Soda soda,

removed and added to the propellant gas over the course of 20 minutes via the metering pump (D) on the suction side of the blower. By simultaneously adding steam to the hot air stream, the dyeing temperature is now within 30 min. increased to 80 ° C and the circulating textile material is 60 min. leave at this temperature. The aftertreatment of the dyeing by introducing rinsing water into the dyeing system (BK), combined with the subsequent treatment in the neutralization and soap bath, is carried out in accordance with the usual procedure.

A level green coloration is obtained on the polyester / cotton blend.

Example 3

50 g/l

Glaubersalz kalz.,

sowie einer Mischung aus - bezogen auf das Warengewicht -

1,2 %

des handelsüblichen Farbstoffes Reactive Orange 16 mit der C.I.-Nr. 17757 und

0,5 %

des handelsüblichen Farbstoffes Reactive Yellow 17 mit der C.I.-Nr. 18852

beschickt ist, werden 150 kg eines Baumwollgewirkes in eine Jet-Anlage vom Typ gemäß Fig. 3 eingebracht. Der Transport des Gewirkes wird dabei von über die Jetdüse umgewälzter Warmluft bewerkstelligt; der Zusatz der Flotte erfolgt vor dem den Warmluftumlauf betreibenden Gebläse, in dem auch die Verteilung der Flotte stattfindet.With the simultaneous addition of 300 l of an aqueous, 40 ° C. warm liquor, which - based on the intended total liquor quantity of the dyebath - with

50 g / l

Glauber's salt calc.,

and a mixture of - based on the weight of the goods -

1.2%

of the commercial dye Reactive Orange 16 with the CI no. 17757 and

0.5%

of the commercial dye Reactive Yellow 17 with the CI no. 18852

150 kg of a knitted cotton fabric are introduced into a jet system of the type shown in FIG. 3. The knitted fabric is transported by warm air circulated via the jet nozzle; The addition of the fleet takes place upstream of the fan operating the hot air circulation, in which the fleet is also distributed.

Then, with the locomotion switched off, the knitted fabric is sewn together to form an endless strand, the treatment tank (BK) of the jet system is closed and the circulation of goods is restarted by means of flowing warm air at 40 ° C.

300 ml

Natronlauge (32,5 %ig) und

1,5 kg

Soda kalz.

aufweist, in den Warmluftstrom ein. Die Dosierung dieses Fixiermittels wird mengenmäßig entsprechend einer Progression von 50 % vorgenommen, so daß anfänglich nur sehr wenig von der alkalischen Flotte dem Warmluftstrom vor dem Gebläse beigemischt wird und sich demzufolge die Alkalikonzentration auf der Ware nur langsam dem vorbestimmten Endwert nähert.After about 10 minutes. The running time begins with the metering in of the alkali required for dye fixation. To do this, use a metering pump (D) within 30 minutes. 30 l of an aqueous liquor of 40 ° C, the

300 ml

Sodium hydroxide solution (32.5%) and

1.5 kg

Soda soda

has in the warm air flow. The dosage of this fixing agent is carried out according to a progression of 50%, so that initially only very little of the alkaline liquor is added to the warm air stream in front of the blower and consequently the alkali concentration on the goods approaches the predetermined final value only slowly.

After the addition of the alkali liquor has ended, the goods treated in this way are left for a further 30 min. continue to run under the set temperature and pH conditions.

By supplying water at 40 ° C via the rinse water valve (VS), a rinse liquor is now brought into the jet via the blower (G) and in this way the dyed textile material is rinsed several times. The subsequent soaping is done in the usual way, as is the final rinsing.

A clear, level red dyeing of the knitted cotton is obtained. The product image shows no mesh warping.

Claims (16)

1. A process for the batchwise wet treatment of textile material made of synthetic or natural fibers or mixtures thereof, recirculating in a jet dyeing range in a continuous loop rope form, with an aqueous liquor containing dye-stuff suitable for the particular fiber type by the exhaust technique, or of other textile processing products, the propulsion for the transport of the textile material within the self-contained jet range being provided via the actuation of the jet system by means of the kinetic energy of a recirculating gas stream which is not inert in relation to the intended specific treatment effect and which is admixed at the same time with the treating agent or treating agent formulation which, thus brought into contact with the textile material under the preselected temperature and pressure conditions, immediately becomes active there in the fixing state, which comprises performing the metered addition of the treating agent formulation into the driving gas stream on the aspiration side of the blower which generates this gas stream, said blower effecting the fine dispersion of the treating agent formulation by atomizing into the gas flow.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the case of a multistage wet treatment process comprising various separate metered additions of treating agent formulations the addition of at least one partial liquor into the gas stream is effected on the aspiration side of the blower.
3. The process as claimed in either of claims 1 or 2, wherein the metered addition of the treating agent formulation into the gas stream leads in the dyeing system to the establishment of a liquor ratio which, in respect of the total amount of liquor introduced in this way, reaches up to the liquor retention capability of the textile material.
4. The process as claimed in either of claims 1 or 2, wherein the metered addition of the treating agent formulation into the gas stream leads in the dyeing system to the establishment of a liquor ratio which, in respect of the total amount of liquor introduced in this way, exceeds the liquor retention capability of the textile material.
5. The process as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the case of a multistage wet treatment process comprising various separate metered additions of a plurality of partial liquors into the gas stream each of the prorated quantities thereof is dimensioned in such a way that in the end for the actual measure regarded as the chief part of the procedure quantitatively the desired liquor ratio results.
6. The process as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metered addition of the treating agent formulations into the gas stream takes place on the aspiration side of the blower via a Venturi pipe (variant a).
7. The process as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metered addition of the treating agent formulations into the gas stream takes place on the aspiration side of the blower through a pressure nozzle (atomizer nozzle) (variant c).
8. The process as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the metered addition is effected via a Venturi pipe downstream of the atomizer nozzle (variant b).
9. The process as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metered addition of the treating agent formulations into the gas stream is effected on the aspiration side of the blower by simply pumping (variant d).
10. The process as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metered addition of the treating agent formulations into the gas stream is effected on the aspiration side of the blower in accordance with the principle of the downcraft carburator by simple running in (variant e).
11. Apparatus for carrying out the process as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 10, consisting of a jet dyeing range of conventional design comprising a self-contained, essentially annular treatment kettle (BK) for receiving/ storing the textile material (TG) present in a continuous loop rope form and for circulating said material by the actuation of a nozzle system (DS) built into the orbit of said material, the said kettle (BK) being connected to a separate cycle, guided through the same nozzle arrangement (DS), for a gas stream solely responsible for or assisting with the propulsion of the textile material (TG) and including, from the nozzle arrangement (DS) onward, a limited section along which the textile rope (TG) is exposed to the influence of the kinetic energy of the drive gas, a blower (G), situated in the gas cycle, for generating and compressing the driving gas stream and
    mechanical means for uniformly introducing of treating liquors into the gas cycle,
    wherein, in the gas cycle, the connection points for the mechanical means for metering in and/or subsequently recirculating the treating agent formulation are arranged on the aspiration side of the blower (G) without a separate pressure injection cycle, downstream the blower being present.
12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the mechanical means for the metered addition of the treating agent comprises a Venturi pipe (V) provided in the area of the aspiration pipe of the blower (G).
13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the mechanical means for the metered addition the treating agent comprises a pressure-dependent atomizer nozzle (ZD) provided in the area of the aspiration pipe of the blower (G).
14. Apparatus as claimed in claims 12 and 13, wherein the mechanical means comprises an atomizer nozzle (ZD) combined with a downstream Venturi pipe (V).
15. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the mechanical means for the metered addition of the treating agent comprises an outlet pipe combined with an upstream metering pump (D) provided in the area of the aspiration pipe of the blower (G).
16. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the mechanical means for the metered addition of the treating agent comprises an outlet pipe according to the principle of the downcraft carburator provided in the area of the aspiration pipe of the blower (G).

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