EP0300143B1 - Iron with jaws - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a jaw body according to the preambles of claims 1, 10 and 12.

A jaw body according to the preamble of claim 1 has already been described in AT-PS 375 269. In the case of this shoe body, the sole holder, which can be rotated in a horizontal plane, can also be pivoted to a limited extent in a vertical plane on a transverse axis which passes through the bolt. The flat rear side of the sole holder is acted upon by a piston from the release spring, which tries to pivot the lever arm of the sole holder, which is removed from the spring, against the upper side of the ski.

This jaw body has the disadvantage that the sole thickness may have little scope to make a correct fixing by the sole holder possible. In addition, the manufacture of the sole holder is difficult insofar as it is penetrated by a hole which extends obliquely to the upper and lower boundary surfaces and is approximately oblong in plan view.

Another jaw body is described in DE-OS 19 43 973. This is pivotable about an axis running perpendicular to the top of the ski and held in the driving position by means of an adjustable locking device. On the side opposite the latching device with respect to the pivot axis, the jaw body has a vertical bore in which there is a sleeve with an internal thread. A further threaded sleeve is screwed into this sleeve and is penetrated by a screw bolt carrying a sole holder. There is a coil spring between the nut of the bolt and the second threaded sleeve, which presses the sole holder downwards.

If there is snow under the shoe sole, the sole holder is raised and the compression spring carrying the screw bolt is slightly compressed. This jaw body is also complicated in its structure.

In DE-OS 22 59 819, a toe is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in which a sole holder, which is under the influence of a spring pushing it upwards, is displaceably guided on a bolt. The bore of the sole holder has threaded segments in two diametrically opposite areas, which extend over approximately 90 °. The bolt is flattened on two sides and carries threaded segments between the flattened areas, which also extend over approximately 90 °. By rotating the bolt by 90 °, the threaded segments of the bolt and the bore can be released from one another for the adjustment process (see FIG. 8) and brought back into engagement with one another to fix the sole holder (see FIG. 7). An automatic adjustment of the sole holder is not possible with this version. Rather, the desired position of the sole holder, as described, must be set by hand.

In document US-A-4,434,997 and in analog document AT-A-368.396 a front jaw is described which carries a vertically extending, rotatably mounted threaded bolt in its rear region. This passes through a threaded hole in a sole hold-down and has a slot in its head, which is used for the use of a screwdriver. By turning the bolt, it is possible to adjust the distance between the sole retainer and the base plate of the toe piece to the thickness of the sole of the ski boot. This process is time-consuming, which has an adverse effect on assembly and, in particular, on rental ski operation.

Document FR-A-2,556 602 describes a bakery body which consists of a bearing block to be fastened to a ski and a housing which carries a sole retainer and accommodates a release spring and which can be pivoted in a horizontal plane against the force of the release spring. In this case, a vertically extending bolt, which serves as the pivot axis, is arranged in the housing and is secured against axial displacement relative to the bearing block.

Document FR-A-2,537,442 shows a similar jaw body. This has a bearing block to be fastened to a ski and a housing carrying a sole holder and receiving a release spring which can be pivoted relative to the bearing block in a plane parallel to the top of the ski and in a normal plane to the latter against the force of the release spring. In this case, a vertically extending bolt, which serves as a pivot axis for the housing and has a ball-joint-like head, is arranged in the bearing block.

With these jaw bodies, too, the bolt is a screw bolt which is screwed into a threaded bore in the housing or the bearing block. In order to adjust the height of the sole hold-down to differently thick shoe soles, the screw bolt must be turned, which leads to the disadvantages mentioned above.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the known designs and to create a jaw body which, on the one hand, is simple in construction and, on the other hand, enables the sole holder to be adjusted automatically even if the thickness of the shoe sole varies within the prescribed tolerance limits ( see currently ÖNORM S 4035 or DIN 7880, Part 1: 19 ± 1 mm for adults, and ÖNORM S 4036 or DIN 7880, part 2: 15 ± 2 mm for children).

Starting from a jaw body according to the preambles of claims 1, 10 and 12, this object is achieved according to the invention by the features of the characterizing parts of these claims. These features ensure an automatic adjustment of the distance of the sole holder from the lower section of the housing or the support body or the top of the ski even when ski boots with soles of different thickness are used in the cheek body.

The object of claim 2 reduces the overall height of the jaw body, especially since part of the length of the compression spring is located within the sole holder.

The measure of claim 3 ensures that, on the one hand, the sole holder is pressed onto the ski boot with sufficient force, but that this pressure is not so great that there is a fear of influencing the pretension of the release spring.

The position of the sole holder in the jaw body is determined in a simple manner by the subject matter of claim 4.

In the claims 5-12 it is stated how the construction according to the invention can be used with advantage in different types of jaw bodies.

Claim 5 describes the use of a cheek body according to the invention in a safety ski binding with a compensating lever, as described, for example, in AT-PS 368 396 and which enables compensation of the additional frictional forces occurring on the sole holder in the event of a backward fall. In this jaw body, an elastic element is arranged between the sole holder and the compensating lever, but this is only used to enable a pivoting movement of the compensating lever without the sole holder changing its vertical position. The elastic element does not influence the height of the release lever. The arrangement of a coil spring is particularly favorable for manufacturing reasons.

By the measures of claim 6, the sole holder is secured against lateral pivoting.

Claim 7 expresses the fact that the measure according to the invention can also be used advantageously with heel cheeks.

By the subject matter of claim 8, the distance between the sole holder and the underside of the housing, which is automatically set by the ski boot via the helical spring, is essentially determined.

The set position of the sole holder is reliably ensured by the subject matter of claim 9.

It is apparent from claims 10 and 11 that the principle according to the invention can also be applied to front jaws known per se, in which the housing carrying the sole holder is mounted on a bearing block. The bolt, which forms the pivot axis for the housing and is under the influence of the coil spring, is axially displaceably mounted in the bearing block.

In contrast, a front jaw is characterized in claims 12 and 13, in which the bolt which forms the pivot axis for the housing, as is also known, is held in the bearing block against axial displacement and in which the housing is guided on the bolt so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction is.

In the drawing, for example, embodiments of a jaw body according to the invention are shown. Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal central section through a first embodiment formed as a front jaw in the starting position and Fig. 2 is an associated partially sectioned plan view. 3 and 4, the cheek body is shown in a partially sectioned side view with a thin or thick shoe sole inserted. 5 shows a further jaw body, likewise designed as a front jaw, in a vertical longitudinal central section. In Fig. 6 a third front jaw is shown in the longitudinal center section. This is shown in FIG. 7 in a partially sectioned side view with the shoe sole inserted. Fig. 6a is a section on a larger scale along the line Vla - Vla in Fig. 6 through a detail of the toe and Fig. 6b is a variant thereof. 8 and 9 show a cheek body, which is designed as a heel holder, in a partially sectioned side view in the idle state and during the boarding process. 10 and 11 or 12 and 13 vertical vertical sections through further front jaws according to the invention similar to FIGS. 1 and 3 are shown. 14 is a top view of FIG. 12.

A jaw body shown in FIGS. 1-4 is designed as a front jaw and is designated 1 in its entirety. It has a housing 2 which can be fastened in a known manner to the top of a ski (not shown) by means of screws (not shown) and in which a support body 3 which is approximately angular in longitudinal section is arranged. Of this, one leg 3a is arranged substantially parallel to the top of the ski. The other leg 3b runs vertically to the top of the ski and carries at its upper end an axis 4 which runs in the direction of the ski and parallel to the top of the ski. On this axis 4, an angle lever 5 is mounted. Im parallel to the thigh 3a of the supporting body 3 extending leg 5a of the angle lever 5, a vertical bore 5c is recessed, which is penetrated by a bolt 6, the head 6a of which rests on the leg 5a. The lower end of the bolt 6 is guided in a bore 3c of the leg 3a. The bore 3c is located in a cup-shaped bulge 3d of the leg 3a. The lower end of the bolt 6 is provided with a thickening 6b, which limits the displacement of the bolt 6 and thus the pivot angle of the angle lever 5.

The bolt 6 passes through the stepped bore 7a of a sole holder 7, which rests on the bulge 3d of the leg 3a when the ski boot is not in use (see FIG. 1). Furthermore, the bolt 6 is surrounded by a coil spring 8, which is arranged with its lower end in the stepped bore 7a and with the other, upper end on the underside of the leg 5a, optionally with the interposition of a locking washer 9, which is supported in a groove of the bolt 6 engages. There is play between the locking washer 9 and the underside of the leg 5a, which allows the angle lever 5 to be pivoted.

The remaining structure 3a of the toe piece 1 is of a known type. Thus, the leg 3a of the supporting body 3 carries two vertical axes 10 at a lateral distance from the vertical longitudinal center plane of the toe piece 1, on which lateral angle levers 11 are mounted, of which one leg for lateral support of the shoe sole 12a, 12'a one in the toe pieces 1 used shoe 12, 12 'is used (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

A trigger spring 13 extending in the longitudinal direction of the jaw 1 is accommodated in the housing 2. The bias of the release spring 13 can be adjusted by means of a sleeve 14 with an internal thread. This sleeve 14 is screwed onto the threaded section of a pull rod 15 which passes through the release spring 13 in the center. On a collar of the sleeve 14, a further sleeve 16 is supported, which performs the function of a spring plate. At its end adjacent to the ski boot, the pull rod 15 carries a slide 17. On the pull rod 15, a pull to the ski tip is exerted by the release spring 13. The slide 17 acts on each of the two side angle levers 11, and via this the angle lever 5.

In Fig. 1 the toe 1 is shown before the ski boot is used. If the ski boot is to be used, the approximately wedge-shaped tapered tip of the shoe sole 12a or 12'a is inserted obliquely from above into the gap between the leg 3a of the support body 3 and the sole holder 7. Then the ski boot 12 or 12 'is depressed so that it rests with its shoe sole 12a or 12'a on the leg 3a or on a base plate 18 (see FIGS. 3 and 4). The sole holder 7 is raised against the force of the coil spring 8 in accordance with the thickness of the shoe sole 12a or 12'a. This position of the sole holder 7 is shown in FIG. 3 when using a ski shoe with a thickness h _{i of} the shoe sole 12 and when using a ski shoe with a thickness h _{2 of} the shoe sole 12'a in FIG. 4.

The front jaw 1 'shown in Fig. 5 is very similar to that described first. It differs from this only in that the head 6'a of the bolt 6 'is mounted in the housing 2' itself, and that the release spring 13 'accommodated in the housing 2' only acts on the two lateral angle levers 11 ', which act on the side Bracket of the shoe sole are intended. Although this design is somewhat simpler in structure than the one dealt with first, it has the disadvantage that it does not compensate for the frictional forces that occur backwards on the sole holder in the event of a fall.

The front jaw 1 "according to FIGS. 6 and 7 corresponds essentially to the front jaw 1 according to FIGS. 1-4. It differs from this only in that the bolt 6" in the region of the half of its lateral surface facing away from the release spring 13 " is provided with ribs 6 "c which run normal to the pin axis and in the circumferential direction of the pin 6" and which are approximately crescent in plan view and which correspond to corresponding grooves 7 "b in the associated half of the approximately elliptical bore of the sole holder 7". The one facing the release spring 13 " Side of the sole holder 7 "is acted upon by a leaf spring 20 which is fastened to the supporting body 3" at one end, as a result of which the ribs 6 "c disengage from the grooves 7" b of the sole holder 7 "(see FIG. 6) .

However, if the ski boot 12 "with its sole 12" a is inserted into the toe 1, then - after the sole holder 7 "has automatically adapted to the thickness of the sole 12" a - the leaf spring 20 is bent back and the ribs 6 "c of the bolt 6 "engage in the grooves 7" b of the sole holder 7 ", which is thereby fixed in its height position relative to the base plate 18" (see FIG. 7).

Fig. 6a illustrates on a larger scale the configuration of the ribs 6 "c of the bolt 6" and the grooves 7 "b of the sole holder 7". It should be noted that the sole holder 7 "can be moved in the vertical direction relative to the bolt 6".

The variant of a sole holder 7 "'according to FIG. 6b differs from the previously described embodiment in that the bolt 6 ^1v is flattened laterally following the ribs 6 ^1v c, and that the sole holder 7 ^{IV has} guides corresponding to the flats. As a result, the sole holder 7 ^{IV is} secured against lateral swiveling.

In contrast to the previously discussed exemplary embodiments, FIGS. 8 and 9 relate to a jaw body which is designed as a heel holder 30. This heel holder 30 has a bearing block 31 which is displaced on a guide rail 32 in the longitudinal direction of the ski and can be fixed in a known manner in the selected position by means of a not shown locking device. In the bearing block 31 there is a transverse axis 33 at the end remote from the sole holder 7 ^'" , on which the housing 2 ^'" , which has a cross-section which is approximately U-shaped and which carries a step spur 35 and the sole holder 7 ^'" , is pivotably mounted. In the housing 2, an axis 36 is fastened, which forms the pivot axis for a release lever 37. The heel holder 30 can be opened arbitrarily in a known manner by means of a transverse pin 38 which is attached to the release lever 37 and which penetrates elongated holes (not shown) in the housing 2.

8, a bolt 6, which runs approximately normal to the guide rail 32 and on which the sole holder 7 ^'" 3 is slidably guided, is fastened. The sole holder 7 ^"' is pressed against the top of the shoulder 12 by the coil spring 8 pressed down.

The other components of the heel holder 30 are of a known type, which is why the arrangement of the release spring, the control lever, the suspension fork and the control cam assigned to the control lever is not discussed in detail.

While the sole holder is raised by the wedge-shaped tapered tip of the sole of the shoe when the cheek body is designed as a toe piece (see FIGS. 1-7 and 10-14), this is the case with a heel holder 30, as shown in FIG. 8 and 9 is not possible. Here, during the boarding process, the ski shoe already inserted in the front jaws and the housing 2 bearing the sole holder 7 ^″, mounted on the transverse axis 33, perform counter-rotating movements, by means of which the heel 12 of the ski shoe in an inclined position into the gap between the sole holder 7 ^"' and the tread 35 is introduced (see FIG. 9). The sole holder 7 ^"'is raised somewhat against the force of the coil spring 8 ^"' . As a result, heels, the height of which exceeds the currently permitted distance between the tread 35 and the sole holder 7 ^"' , can be held with the heel holder 30 (see the standard regulations cited at the beginning on page 3).

The toe 1 ^v according to FIGS. 10 and 11, in contrast to the toe pieces previously treated, has a bearing block 31 ^v to be fastened on the top of the ski, in which the pin 6 ^{v is} mounted so as to be vertically displaceable. The bearing block 31 ^v has in its lower region a downwardly open frustoconical recess 40 into which the lower end of the bolt 6 ^v protrudes. At this end, the coil spring 8 ^{V is} arranged, which is supported at one end on the ceiling 40a of the recess 40 and at the other end on a disk 41 which is placed on the bolt 6 ^v and riveted to it.

The rest of the design of the toe 1 ^v is known per se (see FR-PS 2 537 442). Thus, the bolt 6 ^v carries at its upper end a head 6 ^v a which is used for mounting the housing 2 ^v , which is provided with a sole holder 7 ^v at its rear end. The housing 2 ^v can not only be pivoted laterally about the bolt 6 ^v , but also a vertical pivoting of the housing 2 ^{v is} possible, especially since the underside of the head 6 ^{v is} conical.

During the Einsteigvorganges the end of the sole 12 is slid a ^{v v v} 12 of the ski boot under the sole holder 7 and then pivoted towards the ski boot to the ski. The housing 2 ^{v is} slightly raised and the coil spring 8 ^V is compressed (see FIG. 11). It is therefore not necessary to adjust the height of the housing 2 ^v by hand.

In FIGS. 12 and 13 shown front jaw 1 ^VI essentially consists of a bearing block 31 and a ^VI of the sole holder 7 carrying ^VI and the release spring 13 ^VI female housing 2 ^VI. In the housing 2 ^VI of the bolt is displaceably mounted ^VI 6 against the force of the coil spring 8 ^VI. The bolt 6 ^VI has in its central region an annular groove 6 ^VI d delimited by a collar 6 ^VI e, in which a shoulder 31 ^VI a of the bearing block 31 ^VI engages radially. The bearing bore for the upper end of the bolt 6 ^VI is recessed in the housing 2 ^VI itself, whereas the lower bearing bore, which is designed as a stepped bore 2 ^VI b, is located in a shoulder 2 ^VI a of the housing 2 ^VI .

The coil spring 8 ^{VI is} arranged on the tapered lower end 6 ^VI f of the bolt 6 ^VI adjoining the collar 6 ^VI e. The upper end thereof is supported on the collar 6 ^VI e of the bolt 6 ^VI , whereas the lower end is supported by the step of the stepped bore 2 ^VI b in the approach 2 ^VI a of the housing 2 ^VI and is surrounded by this approach 2 ^VI a.

In the housing 2 ^VI , a set screw 34 running in the transverse direction of the front jaw 1 ^{VI is} rotatably mounted in its central region, but secured against axial displacement. At its two end regions, the threaded pin 34 carries opposing threaded sections, which are not shown in FIG intervene provided nuts. These are rotatably mounted in invisible levers which laterally enclose the shoe sole 12 ^VI a. These levers only serve to hold the shoe sole 12 ^VI a laterally. However, they cannot be swung out sideways if the skier falls over. Rather, the lateral swiveling is caused by the housing 2 ^VI in the event of a fall.

The other components of the front jaw 1 ^VI are known (see FR-PS 2 556 602) and are not the subject of the present invention, which is why their description is omitted.

FIG. 14 shows a variant of the embodiment according to FIGS. 12 and 13. This variant is characterized in that the two levers 50a, 50b, which laterally enclose the shoe sole 12 ^VI a, are not penetrated by a threaded pin, but by a smooth bolt 34 '. The levers 50a, 50b are mounted on vertical axes 51a, 51b, which are anchored with their lower ends in the housing 2 ^VI . At a distance from the two vertical axes 51a, 51b there are recessed stepped bores 52a, 52b in the levers 50a, 50b which merge into conical extensions 53a, 53b against the vertical longitudinal center plane of the toe piece. Coil springs 54a, 54b are accommodated in the two stepped bores 52a, 52b. Each coil spring 54a or 54b is supported at one end on the step of the stepped bore 52a or 52b and at the other end on a washer 55a or 55b which is riveted to the end of the bolt 34 '.

In this embodiment, too, the housing 2 ^VI is pivoted about the bolt 6 ^VI when the skier falls, whereas the two levers 50a, 50b essentially do not change their position relative to the housing 2 ^VI .

Various changes to the illustrated exemplary embodiments are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the sole holder does not necessarily have to be supported on the supporting body or on the housing in the rest position; rather, it can also be supported on a disk or an intermediate sleeve, which surrounds the bolt with play and rests on the support body or on the housing. There is also the possibility of forming the sole holder approximately V-shaped in plan view. The two legs of the V exert a downward pressure on the sole of the shoe on both sides of the vertical longitudinal center plane of the ski boot. Finally, the spring elements, which are shown as coil springs in all of the exemplary embodiments, can be formed by disk spring assemblies, plastic or rubber elements. The preload of the spring elements when the ski boot is inserted is 5 - 90 of the preload of the release spring.

Claims (13)

1. A jaw assembly for safety ski bindings, comprising a housing extending in the longitudinal direction of the assembly and containing a release spring, and a sole clamp disposed on a bolt extending substantially perpendicular to the ski top face and mounted by its lower end in said housing or in a mounting body of the assembly, respectively, characterized in that said sole clamp (7 - 7^IV) is slidably guided on said bolt (6 - 6'^v) and automatically adjustable on said bolt - selectively in a step-wise fashion - and that said sole clamp (7 - 7^IV) is subjected, ina per se known manner, to the action of a vertically disposed spring element, preferably a helical spring (8 - 8"'), pressing it down onto the top side of the boot sole (12a, 12'a) (figs. 1 - 9).

2. A jaw assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that said helical spring (8 - 8") has one of its end supported on a step of a stepped bore (7a - 7"a) formed in said sole clamp (7 - 7"), and its other end, on said housing (2-2") or on a locking washer (9 - 9"), respectively, mounted on said bolt (6 - 6") (figs. 1 - 7).

3. A jaw assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-bias of said helical spring (8 - 8"') is 5 - 90% of the pre-bias of said release spring (11) when the ski boot is inserted.

4. A jaw assembly according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said said sole clamp (7 - 7"') in its rest position has its lower end supported on said housing (2 - 2"') or said mounting body (3 - 3"), respectively, by the action of said helical spring (8 - 8"'), said housing (2"') being selectively provided with a step lug (35).

5. A jaw assembly according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the upper end of said bolt (6, 6") is supported in a per se known manner in a balance lever (6, 6') mounted on said mounting body (3, 3") for pivoting about an axis (4, 4') extending transversely of the longitudinal direction of the assembly and parallel to the ski top face, and that said helical spring (8, 8") is disposed between said balance lever (5, 5') and said sole clamp (7, 7") (figs. 1 - 4, 6 and 7).

6. A jaw assembly according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said bolt (6^Iv) has its intermediate portion laterally flattened, and that said sole clamp (7^IV) is provided with guides corresponding to these flattened portions (fig. 6b).

7. A jaw assembly according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said housing (2"') is pivotally mounted about a transverse axis (33) in a per se known manner at its end facing away from said sole clamp (7"') (figs. 8 and 9).

8. A jaw assembly according to any of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that said bolt (6") has one half of the circumferential surface facing away from said release spring (13") at its intermediate portion formed with ribs (6"c) of substantially sickle-shaped configuration when viewed along the bolt's axis, and that the bore (7"a) in said sole clamp (7") is extended relative to the bolt's diameter - as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the assembly - one half of said bore being provided with grooves (7"b) adapted to be engaged with said ribs (6"c) of said bolt (6") against the force of a spring (20) (fig. 6a).

9. A jaw assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that said sole clamp (7") has its side facing towards said release spring (13) engaged by a leaf spring acting as said spring (20) to bias said grooves (7"b) of said sole clamp (7") out of engagement with said ribs (6"c) of said bolt (6") (fig. 6).

10. A jaw assembly for safety ski bindings, comprising a bearing block to be mounted on a ski, and a housing carrying a sole clamp and containing a release spring, said housing being pivotable to a limited degree relative to said bearing block against the force of said release spring in a plane exetending parallel to the ski top face and a plane extending perpendicular thereto, said bearing block being provided with a vertically extending bolt acting as the pivot axis for the horizontal pivoting movement, said housing being mounted on a spherical hinge portion at the top of said bolt, characterized in that said bolt (6^v) is axially displaceable and subjected to the action of a helical spring (8") pressing said sole clamp (7^v) down onto the top side of the boot sole (figs. 10 and 11).

11. A jaw assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that said helical spring (8") is accommodated in a downwards opening cavity (40) of said bearing block (31^v),with its upper end taking support on the ceiling (40a) of said cavity (40), and its lower end, on a washer (41) rivetted onto said bolt (6^v).

12. A jaw assembly for safety ski bindings, comprising a bearing block to be secured to a ski, and a housing carrying a sole clamp and containing a release spring, said housing being pivotable against the force of said release spring and containing a vertically extending bolt acting as its pivot axis and prevented from axial displacement relative to said bearing block, characterized in that said bolt (6^vl) is slidably mounted in said housing (2^vl) and carries a spring element thereon, preferably a helical spring (8^VI) with its upper end taking support on a shoulder (6^VIe) of said bolt (6^VI), and its lower end, on a stepped portion (2^VIa) of said housing (2^VI) (figs. 12 and 13).

13. A jaw assembly according to claim 12, in which two levers for laterally gripping the boot sole are mounted on said housing for pivoting about vertical axes, characterized in that said two levers (50a, 50b) have a smooth-surfaced bolt (34') extending therethrough and carrying on each of its end portions a respective spring element, preferably a helical spring (54a, 54b) acting to bias the asociated lever (50a or 50b, respectively) towards the vertical longitudinal center plane of the jaw assembly (fig. 14).

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