EP0297356B1 - DépÔt pour déchets, en particulier dépÔt définitif pour substances radioactives - Google Patents

DépÔt pour déchets, en particulier dépÔt définitif pour substances radioactives Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0297356B1
EP0297356B1 EP88109565A EP88109565A EP0297356B1 EP 0297356 B1 EP0297356 B1 EP 0297356B1 EP 88109565 A EP88109565 A EP 88109565A EP 88109565 A EP88109565 A EP 88109565A EP 0297356 B1 EP0297356 B1 EP 0297356B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
packing material
repository
gases
containers
radioactive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88109565A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0297356A1 (fr
Inventor
Hellmuth Dr. Beyer
Ernst Haas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0297356A1 publication Critical patent/EP0297356A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0297356B1 publication Critical patent/EP0297356B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/28—Treating solids
    • G21F9/34—Disposal of solid waste

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a repository for containers which contain radioactive substances, with residual cavities between the containers being filled with a filler.
  • Containers of this type that are to be deposited in a landfill generally have a solid shape and cannot be deposited in a tightly packed manner. Cavities therefore remain free between the containers. Radioactive waste, for example, is filled into barrels and brought to a repository. Cavities remain between the barrels.
  • Repositories for wages containing radioactive substances are located in underground cavities, for example in disused mines.
  • a repository is known for example from DE-A-34 38 127.
  • the repository shown there is located in an underground cavern, which is lined with a mixture of rock salt and anhydride to protect the groundwater. Voids between stored containers are not filled.
  • An open household waste landfill is known from CA-A-1 053 918, which cannot be compared to a repository for radioactive materials.
  • methane gas is retained by adsorbing coal.
  • the cavities are filled with salt, for example, which is available in sufficient quantities.
  • salt for example, which is available in sufficient quantities.
  • the filler material is used only to ensure the mechanical stability of the repository.
  • gases containing radioactive isotopes could be released from the containers during storage. These gases are then only partially retained in the landfill solids. Another part of the gases that contain radioactive isotopes can leave the repository, for example via a shaft.
  • the invention has for its object to significantly improve the binding of the radioactive gases generated in a repository to the solids of the repository. Such a large proportion of the gases should be bound that the escape of gases is greatly delayed or almost impossible.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that at least one substance is admixed with the feedstock to which radioactive gases accumulate and that the substance added to the feedstock is pyrolysis coke or a residue from carbon hydropyrolysis or a residue from oil shale carbonization. It has been recognized that gases are retained particularly by the backfill. This results in either reversible or irreversible binding of the gas to the backfill material. In the first case there is a balance between the concentrations of the substance to be retained in the gas phase and in the filler material. A measure of the binding of gas to the fill material is the retardation factor, which can be derived from the quotient of the amount of gas bound to the fill material and the amount of gas emitted by the fill material.
  • the advantage is achieved that gases produced in the repository are bound to the filler with a high retardation factor.
  • gases produced in the stored waste largely remain bound in the waste landfill and do not escape or are released to the outside with a great delay.
  • a suitable substance that is to be added to the feedstock and on which gaseous pollutants accumulate is pyrolysis coke or a residue from carbohydropyrolysis or a residue from oil shale carbonization.
  • pyrolysis coke has the advantage that the retardation factor of the commonly used additives is considerably increased with regard to gases.
  • the retardation factor for gaseous methyl iodide compared to filler without addition increases from 1 to 1500.
  • Methyl iodide which contains radioactive iodine, occurs in radioactive waste repositories. Such a repository is to be set up in a former iron ore mine. For economic reasons, iron ore and bedrock are used as fillers there.
  • the pyrolysis coke added according to the invention largely precludes the release of radioactive iodine from such a repository for radioactive substances.
  • the effect of pyrolysis coke is not limited to the retention of iodine in the form of methyl iodide CH3I.
  • gases containing radioactive isotopes that can be generated in repositories are also retained.
  • gases are, for example, noble gases, CO2, HCl, I2, NH3, SO2 or H2S.
  • Non-radioactive, inorganic or organic gases that could be generated in repositories are also retained by the addition of pyrolysis coke to the additives in the repository.
  • pyrolysis coke is available in large quantities at extremely low cost.
  • pyrolysis coke is usefully removed in the repository. Pyrolysis coke, which is a by-product of pyrolysis, has so far been treated as hazardous waste.
  • a residue from carbon hydropyrolysis or a residue from oil shale carbonization are mixed with the filler. These substances also increase the retardation factor and thus the ability of additives to retain gases.
  • residues from carbohydropyrolysis or from oil shale carbonization as with the use of pyzolysis coke, a substance to be treated as hazardous waste is usefully removed as a supplementary advantage.
  • the advantage is achieved that gases formed are retained in the repository. This advantage is particularly great with regard to radioactive gases that may be present in radioactive waste repositories. In addition, the advantage mentioned is achieved by using substances that would otherwise have to be disposed of as hazardous waste. In addition, the construction and operation of a repository according to the invention can be carried out inexpensively.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Dépôt définitif pour conteneurs de matières radioactives, les espaces vides entre les conteneurs étant remplis avec un matériau de remblai, caractérisé en ce qu'au matériau de remblai est additionnée au moins une matière sur laquelle se fixent les gaz radioactifs, et que la matière additionnée au matériau de remblai est du coke de pyrolyse ou un résidu de l'hydropyrolyse du charbon ou un résidu de la carbonisation du schiste bitumeux.
  2. Dépôt de déchets selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'au matériau de remblai est additionné 20 % du poids de coke de pyrolyse.
  3. Dépôt de déchets selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que le matériau de remblai est une matière à déverser.
  4. Dépôt de déchets selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que le matériau de remblai est du minerai de fer.
  5. Dépôt de déchets selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que le matériau de remblai est de la roche ou un mélange de minerai de fer et de roches encaissantes.
  6. Dépôt de déchets selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que le matériau de remblai est un sel.
EP88109565A 1987-07-03 1988-06-15 DépÔt pour déchets, en particulier dépÔt définitif pour substances radioactives Expired - Lifetime EP0297356B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3722122 1987-07-03
DE3722122 1987-07-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0297356A1 EP0297356A1 (fr) 1989-01-04
EP0297356B1 true EP0297356B1 (fr) 1996-02-07

Family

ID=6330902

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88109565A Expired - Lifetime EP0297356B1 (fr) 1987-07-03 1988-06-15 DépÔt pour déchets, en particulier dépÔt définitif pour substances radioactives

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0297356B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2533837B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1335536C (fr)
DE (1) DE3854980D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2082747T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202011102838U1 (de) * 2011-07-02 2011-12-27 Ewald von Hagen Strahlenschutz-Versatz zur Verhinderung & Austritt radioaktiver Strahlung im Bergbau

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1053918A (fr) * 1978-09-11 1979-05-08 Cyril T. Jones Filtre a revetement a base de dechets et de charbon absorbant les matieres polluantes des sites d'enfouissement
FR2479541A1 (fr) * 1980-03-27 1981-10-02 Gagneraud Pere Fils Entr Procede de blocage des elements alcalins et alcalino-terreux radio-actifs
US4580925A (en) * 1982-03-30 1986-04-08 Matich Miroslav A J Pervious surround method of waste disposal
JPS6040997A (ja) * 1983-08-15 1985-03-04 日本原子力研究所 高レベル廃棄物ガラス固化体の埋戻し材
DE3438127A1 (de) * 1984-08-24 1986-03-06 Kurt Prof. Dr. 8000 München Lemcke Anordnung zur selbstabdichtung eines endlagers giftiger, radioaktiver oder sonstiger gefaehrlicher abfaelle
JPS6197600A (ja) * 1984-10-19 1986-05-16 清水建設株式会社 放射性廃棄物用埋戻材料

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6430687A (en) 1989-02-01
DE3854980D1 (de) 1996-03-21
ES2082747T3 (es) 1996-04-01
EP0297356A1 (fr) 1989-01-04
CA1335536C (fr) 1995-05-16
JP2533837B2 (ja) 1996-09-11

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