EP0294371B1 - Aktivierendes gemisch zur erhöhung der festigkeit von eisen-legierungen - Google Patents

Aktivierendes gemisch zur erhöhung der festigkeit von eisen-legierungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0294371B1
EP0294371B1 EP87900250A EP87900250A EP0294371B1 EP 0294371 B1 EP0294371 B1 EP 0294371B1 EP 87900250 A EP87900250 A EP 87900250A EP 87900250 A EP87900250 A EP 87900250A EP 0294371 B1 EP0294371 B1 EP 0294371B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
composition
strength
increasing
steels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87900250A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0294371A1 (de
Inventor
Henrik Giflo
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT87900250T priority Critical patent/ATE79905T1/de
Publication of EP0294371A1 publication Critical patent/EP0294371A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an additive composition consisting of a plurality of components which improves the metallurgic quality of iron-based alloy systems and considerably increases the strength thereof when used in the course of steel production and also improves the strength of a weld formed using a powder-cored welding wire in which the core is made of the composition.
  • the usefulness of a steel depends on its metallurgic quality, e.g. yield strength at permanent deformation, brittleness, stress limit of fatigue, weldability and resitance to wear.
  • 0% yield strength One of the most important properties of a steel is the stress it can withstand without permanent deformation (0% yield strength). The value of 0% yield strength determines the load that can be placed on structures or structural elements made of the steel.
  • Another important property of a steel is its ductility. In general with steels, an increase in strength is accompanied by a decrease in ductility. The development of presently used steels has concentrated on processing technology. However, the use of alloying additives in iron-based metals in order to increase the load-bearing ability of the metal and thus reduce the quantity of metal necessary to bear a given load has not been properly emphasized in industrial application.
  • boron may be added to increase hardness (see WO 83/00167) in a composition that also contains rare earth elements and titanium and optionally silicon, calcium, manganese and zirconium; the balance of the composition is made up of iron.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an additive composition for strengthening steels while simultaneously maintaining the ductility of the steel at an acceptable level whereby the strength of a steel more closely approaches the strength of the metal lattice, thus increasing the load-bearing properties of the steel.
  • the present invention provides a composition for use in a quantity of 5 to 17 kg/t in the course of steel production or as a powder core of a welding wire electrode; the composition is as follows: Ca and/or Na 16 to 30 % Si 13 to 30 % V and/or Mo 2 to 28 % Nb and/or Ta 2 to 25 % Zr and/or Ce 2 to 15 % Ti 2 to 14 % Al and/or Ba 1 to 15 % B and/or Be 0.3 to 3.0 % C 1 to 5 % Fe 5 to 20 % N 1 to 10 %.
  • the proportion and quantity of the alloying components in accordance with the invention, as well as the method of alloying using such a composition ensure good physico-chemical and metallo-physical conditions in the course of steel production and in the course of welding when used as the powder core of a welding electrode. It thus improves the metallurigcal quality and simultaneously considerably increases the strength of industrial iron-based alloy systems and also maintains ductility properties at an acceptable level while, at the same time increasing the proportion of the theoretical lattice force that can be utilized for load bearing.
  • the composition may be added with a maximum particle size of 8 mm during discharge of liquid steel into the ladle and the composition will be well-dispersed utilizing the agitating effect of the liquid steel discharge flow; alternatively the composition may be added by means of the widely used method of blowing the composition into the liquid steel after discharge.
  • the composition is charged in the prescribed fraction and well mixed.
  • the properties of the individual alloying components and a properly chosen composition thereof in the alloy systems result in local physico-chemical, nuclear and kinetic conditions in the course of alloying, strengthening, heating and hot working, as well as re-crystallization, which considerably increase the quantity of the elements that can be utilized for increasing the strength of a steel.
  • Some of the components in the additive composition of the present invention when used in an expedient proportion, form complex compounds with a high melting point in the steel and form partly crystallized nuclei of active size early in the melt thus promoting crystallization of the steel melt and thereby shortening the time of solidification; partly by this effect, the primary grain size and the possibility of grain enrichment are reduced and the conditions of re-crystallization are considerably improved.
  • the additive composition in accordance with the invention establishes conditions in the course of solidification and re-crystallization that considerably increase the ability of the steel to dissolve interstitial elements in the metal lattice thereby increasing the solubility of such elements and so increasing the number of stressed lattice sites caused by interstital atoms and also increasing the extent of the stress they induce. Stressing of the lattice by interstitial atoms markedly increases the number of dislocations that promote and determine the formation of segregated phases for hindering displacement of the metal crystals (grains).
  • composition of the present invention form complex metallic phases of high shear-strength, which both increase and stabilize the internal stress of the lattice of the base steel when built-in into lattice faults.
  • Lattice faults produced metallurgicaly promote formation of these metallic phases and determine the location and density of the phases, thereby considerably increasing the efficiency of anchoring performed by the phases in preventing dislocation of the metal crystals under the influence of applied loads.
  • Some of the components of the composition when deposited at the grain boundaries, decrease the rate of diffusion of the metal atoms in their vicinity thus delaying the formation there of non-coherent phases. In such a manner an increase in undesired phases along the grain boundaries is hindered and the segregation of alloying elements will be prevented. In such a manner, the strength of homogeneous grain boundaries will be considerably increased and cracking occurring as a result of stress can be delayed; elongation and contraction at creep break increases, as does the ductility of the alloy system, its cold and hot malleability and ductility, its fatigue limit and its strength for supporting loads.
  • Some of the components of the composition produce inclusions of low specific weight, which rise easily up into the slag, thus considerably reducing the content of harmful inclusions in the steel.
  • complex spherical inclusions can also be formed that not only remain in the steel and keep their original shape even in the course of plstic deformation, but also they bind sulfur atoms on their surface, forming a sulfide coating, thus considerably reducing the formation of iron sulfide; in this way more advantageous plasticity and anisotropic properties can be assured for the steel.
  • composition according to the invention provides improved metallurgical quality of given steels, promotes strengthening mechanisms without thermal treatment and provides several strengthening mechanisms whose effects are additive, thereby simultaneously increasing the utilizable strength of steels.
  • Table 1 shows three base steel compositions (B-1, B-2 and B-3) to which the additive composition of the present invention has not been added and the corresponding three steel compositions (A-1, A-2 and A-3) to which a composition of the present invention has been added.
  • the compositions that were added to steels A-1, A-2 and A-3 are shown in Fig. 2.
  • composition according to the invention may be applied for welding as well.
  • the composition can be used in the form of a powder to form the core of a powder-filled band electrode.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Zusatzgemisch zum Zumischen zu Eisenlegierungen für eine Erhöhung der Festigkeit derselben, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zusatzgemisch abgesehen von Nebenelemente und Verunreinigungen aus 16 bis 30% Ca und/oder Na; 13 bis 30% Si; 2 bis 28% V und/oder Mo; 2 bis 25% Nb und/oder Ta; 2 bis 15% Zr und/oder Ce; 2 bis 14% Ti; 1 bis 15% Al und/oder Ba; 0,1 bis 3,0% B und/oder Be; 1 bis 5% C; 5 bis 20% Fe und 1 bis 10% N besteht.
  2. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Stahl, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zusatzgemisch nach Anspruch 1 dem flüssigen Stahl in einer Konzentration von 5 bis 17 kg/t Stahl in der Endphase der Stahlherstellung vor dem Erstarren des Stahls zugemischt wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, wobei das Zusatzgemisch dem Stahl während dem Einfüllen des Stahls in eine Gießpfanne zugesetzt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, wobei das Zusatzgemisch in den geschmolzenen Stahl eingeblasen wird.
  5. Schweißelektrode mit Pulverkern, wobei der Pulverkern der Elektrode das Zusatzgemisch nach Anspruch 1 enthält.
EP87900250A 1986-12-23 1986-12-23 Aktivierendes gemisch zur erhöhung der festigkeit von eisen-legierungen Expired - Lifetime EP0294371B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87900250T ATE79905T1 (de) 1986-12-23 1986-12-23 Aktivierendes gemisch zur erhoehung der festigkeit von eisen-legierungen.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/HU1986/000072 WO1988004697A1 (en) 1986-12-23 1986-12-23 Activator mixture for increasing the strength of iron alloys

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0294371A1 EP0294371A1 (de) 1988-12-14
EP0294371B1 true EP0294371B1 (de) 1992-08-26

Family

ID=10980694

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87900250A Expired - Lifetime EP0294371B1 (de) 1986-12-23 1986-12-23 Aktivierendes gemisch zur erhöhung der festigkeit von eisen-legierungen

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0294371B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH01502037A (de)
KR (2) KR910006006B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE79905T1 (de)
BR (1) BR8607251A (de)
DE (1) DE3686585T2 (de)
NO (1) NO883698D0 (de)
WO (1) WO1988004697A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4440568A (en) * 1981-06-30 1984-04-03 Foote Mineral Company Boron alloying additive for continuously casting boron steel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01502037A (ja) 1989-07-13
DE3686585D1 (de) 1992-10-01
WO1988004697A1 (en) 1988-06-30
DE3686585T2 (de) 1993-04-08
NO883698L (no) 1988-08-18
BR8607251A (pt) 1989-02-21
ATE79905T1 (de) 1992-09-15
NO883698D0 (no) 1988-08-18
EP0294371A1 (de) 1988-12-14
KR890700173A (ko) 1989-03-10
KR910006006B1 (ko) 1991-08-09

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