Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H9/00—Details
  • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
  • F24H9/2064—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
  • F24H9/2071—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using electrical energy supply
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
  • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
  • F24H15/156—Reducing the quantity of energy consumed; Increasing efficiency
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
  • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
  • F24H15/176—Improving or maintaining comfort of users
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
  • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
  • F24H15/254—Room temperature
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
  • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
  • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
  • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H3/00—Air heaters
  • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
  • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
  • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
  • F24H3/0411—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between for domestic or space-heating systems
  • F24H3/0417—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between for domestic or space-heating systems portable or mobile
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
  • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
  • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
  • G05D23/1906—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device
  • G05D23/1912—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device whose output amplitude can take more than two discrete values
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
  • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
  • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
  • G05D23/275—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing element expanding, contracting, or fusing in response to changes of temperature

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a convector with electrical heating resistors comprising two operating modes, the first being natural convection and the second of the blowing type being obtained using a blowing member.
• the invention also relates to a control device for such a convector.
• This type of convector is mainly intended for space heating. It generally has two operating powers, the convector being first used at full power, in blowing mode, to allow a rapid rise in temperature of the room, without cutting the power supply .-. En_puiss.ance + pu_is_ when. l_a_ temperature, setpoint is reached, at reduced power and without blowing, in natural convection regime, the room temperature then being regulated for example by means of an "all or nothing" thermostat, electronic or similar ⁇
• the dimensions of the convector of the aforementioned type must be such that under all operating conditions, the temperature of its various parts accessible to the user does not exceed the maximum authorized values or those imposed by the manufacturer on the basis of criteria. even more severe quality.
• Electric convectors with two operating modes are known, one of which is with forced convection in which, for this latter regime, the air is sucked outside the convector, passes through the heating resistor and is then blown outside. in the room to be heated.
• the hot air outlet is effected by one or more outlet grilles, the arrangement of which at the top of the convector is essentially adapted to operation in the natural convection regime.
• investigations carried out by the plaintiff have shown that, psychologically, the user prefers that in a blowing regime, that is to say in this case in a forced convection regime, the hot air comes out in front of the convector and at the lower part of it.
• an electric convector comprising an enclosure forming a convection chimney which has a lower air outlet opening and an upper air outlet opening. air.
• the resistor is placed inside the enclosure downstream of the lower air inlet opening.
• a turbine is arranged inside the enclosure to extract part of the hot air formed by natural convection in the convection chimney and to blow part of this air through an additional outlet opening. hot air provided in the front wall of the enclosure.
• One of the aims of the present invention is to produce an electric convector with two operating regimes, one with natural convection and the other of the blowing type in which the heating power can reach twice that of the natural convection, which consequently presents the advantages and the efficiency of a convector with double operating regime with regard to the heating of the rooms, but which does not have a larger space than that of a convector with uni regime of natural convection similarly power or which has reduced dimensions compared to a conventional convector with double speed of identical maximum power.
• Another object of the invention is also to ensure optimal comfort of use.
• the present invention also aims to provide a control device for the aforementioned convector which allows automatic regulation of the operating modes of this convector and which is simple in design.
• this convector is characterized in that the compartment in which the turbine is rotatably mounted has a second opening communicating with the interior of the convector enclosure.
• the dimensions of its enclosure can be kept equal to those of a convector with a single regime of natural convection of initial power for which it will have been optimized.
• the arrangement of the abovementioned opening with respect to the turbine is such that at least part of the air extracted by the turbine is reinjected into the chimney through this opening.
• the opening includes an area adjacent to the turbine through which part of the air extracted by the turbine is reinjected into the chimney and an area remote from the turbine through which the the hot air formed in the chimney is drawn into the compartment.
• the control device for the aforementioned convector in which a thermostat is interconnected between the power source and the heating resistor which comprises two heating elements, one of which is supplied only with fan mode of this convector, is characterized in that a temperature limiter is interconnected between the source and said heating element supplied only in fan mode of the connector, this temperature limiter being sensitive to heating of a high value resistor ohmic to cut off the power to this heating element when the thermostat switch is opened for the first time.
• this control device is characterized in that a resettable relay is interconnected between the thermostat and said heating element supplied only in fan-blower mode, the coil of this relay being mounted in parallel on this. element. so that the relay opens to cut off the supply of said element when the thermostat switch is opened for the first time.
• blowing member is supplied in parallel with the heating element which is supplied only in blower mode of the convector.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a convector according to the invention
• FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views, partially broken away, of this convector showing the two operating modes
• FIG. 4 is a schematic view in longitudinal section, showing the interior of the convector and the air paths in the blowing regime
• - Figures 5 and 6 are schematic side views with cutaway of the respective end walls of the convector
• FIG. 9 is a view similar to Figures 2 and 3 showing another embodiment of the invention
• - Figure 10 is a partial view in cross section showing the arrangement of one communication opening with the chimney relative to the turbine .
• the electric convector comprises a "enclosure 1 made of sheet metal forming a convection chimney, which has a lower opening 2 for air inlet and an upper opening 3 for air outlet.
• Electric resistance 4 is arranged (see FIG. 4) inside the enclosure 1, just above the opening lower 2 air inlet.
• this resistor 4 comprises two heating elements 41, 42 which can be supplied separately as will be seen below.
• the interior of this enclosure 1 also contains a turbine 5 driven in rotation by a motor 6 to extract, in blowing regime, part of the hot air formed by natural convection in the convection chimney and blow this air through an opening 7 (see figures 1 and 4), additional hot air outlet, provided in the enclosure!.
• a turbine 5 driven in rotation by a motor 6 to extract, in blowing regime, part of the hot air formed by natural convection in the convection chimney and blow this air through an opening 7 (see figures 1 and 4), additional hot air outlet, provided in the enclosure!.
• the blowing turbine 5 is rotatably mounted in a compartment 8 formed on one of the sides of the enclosure 1, - which comprises in the axis of the turbine 5 an opening 9 communicating with the interior of the enclosure 1, while the opening 7- for blowing additional air is provided on one face of this compartment 8 located opposite the turbine 5 in the lower part thereof. Furthermore, the turbine 5 is mounted in a casing 11 in the form of a scroll, the air outlet 12 of which is directed towards the bottom 13 of the compartment 8 and towards the front thereof which includes the opening 7 (see FIG. 5 ).
• the compartment 8 has in the vicinity of its bottom 13, a second opening 14 communicating with the interior of the enclosure 1 opposite the heating resistor 4.
• this opening 14 is used, in blowing regime, to reinject part of the derived air into the compartment 8 by the turbine 5, in the enclosure 1 on the heating elements 41, 42.
• the opening 14 has a cross section smaller than that of the additional air outlet opening 7.
• the control device 25 comprises a thermostat 15 for adjusting the set temperature.
• the thermostat 15 is placed (FIG. 4) in the compartment 8 in a region not affected by the flow of hot air blown by the turbine 5, for example behind the volute 11.
• One of the terminals A of the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 is connected to the electric power source S of the convector while its other terminal B is connected to one of the terminals of the heating element 41 intended to be supplied both in natural convection regime and in regime blowing.
• the other terminal of the heating element 41 is connected to the source S.
• a temperature limiter 18 for example a thermal switch, is interconnected between the source S and one of the terminals D of the heating element 42 intended to be supplied only in blowing mode.
• the limiter 18 is designed and arranged in the circuit of the control device 25 to be sensitive to the heating of a resistance of high ohmic value or "heater" 17, for example of a value between 16 and 20 k ⁇ , for open when this heater is supplied and thereby cut the normal supply to the heating element 42.
• the heater 17 is mounted in series with a second temperature limiter 16 between the terminal D of the limiter 18 connected to the heating element 42 and the terminal B of switch 15a.
• This temperature limiter 16 is also designed and placed in the circuit of the device 25 so as to be sensitive to the heating of the heater 17 and to open when this heater is supplied. Preferably, it will be ensured that the limiter 16 opens substantially at the same time as the limiter 18.
• the motor 6 of the turbine 5 is mounted in parallel on the heating element 42, between the terminal D and the source S.
• a switch 21 interconnected between the source s and the terminal A allows the switching on or off convector service.
• the heating element 41 preferably has a power of 1000 while the element 4-2 has a power of 500 W or 1000 W in order to obtain, in fan mode, a total power of 1500 or 2000 W.
• the control device 25 is preferably placed in the compartment 8 opposite the external control members 10 of the convector.
• the operation is as follows: The thermostat 15 having been adjusted to its set temperature, for example 20 ° C., and the convector connected to the source S, the switch 21 is then placed in the closed position while the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 is also closed.
• the temperature limiters 16, 18 are closed because they are not subjected to any heating, the heater 17 being shunted by the circuit portions AB and AD.
• the connection points A and C are energized and the heating elements 41 and 42 as well as the motor 6 of the turbine 5 are supplied. In this convection fan regime, the air flows are oriented as shown by the arrows in FIG. 3.
• An air flow E enters the enclosure 1 through the lower opening 2, passes through the heating elements 41 and 42 and rises in the convection chimney of the enclosure 1.
• a part C of the flow E of hot air is evacuated to the outside by the upper outlet 3 while the other part A is drawn into the compartment 8 by the opening 9 under the action of the turbine 5 and is rejected by the latter towards the bottom 13 of the compartment 8.
• r part S of the flow A is discharged to the outside through the opening 7 at a distance from opening 2 and with an orientation relative to " this opening - ⁇ - that ⁇ prevents-sc- ⁇ — return - ⁇ ansr 1 enclosure 1 - by said opening, while the other part R is reinjected by 1 -opening- 14 in- the enclosure- 1- on the heating elements 41 and 42.
• the flow R represents ten to twenty percent of the flow A, while the flow C leaving the enclosure 1 through the opening 3 is fifteen to twenty five percent higher than that which would leave this opening 3 in the absence of opening 14.
• the difference of five percent with the A / R ratio is justified a priori by the amplification of the speed of the air circulating in the convection chimney consequently a reduction in overall pressure losses. Thanks to a relative cooling of the heating elements 41 and 42 and to an efficient mixing of the air circulating in the convection chimney by the flow R, the average temperature of the flow C so that the walls of the enclosure 1 and the grids which partially block the air outlet 3 are correspondingly cooled. Furthermore, the flow of hot air S blown through the outlet 7 very clearly improves the comfort of heating, most users highly appreciate a blowing of hot air at the bottom and on the front of the convector.
• the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 opens the circuit ABC.
• a low current then flows in the circuit connecting in series the source S, the heater 17 and the element 41.
• This low current heats the heater sufficiently 17 to open the limiters 16- and 18.
• the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 closes again, by. so that the element 41 is again supplied at its maximum intensity and resumes heating.
• the limiters 16 and 18 being always in the open position, the element 42 does not give off any heat and the turbine 5 still does not work.
• control device 25 ensures, in natural convection regime, regulation in "all or nothing".
• the limiters 16 and 18 can be closed so that the convector operates again according to the cycle described above which starts with the blowing regime.
• FIG. 8 which illustrates an alternative embodiment of the control device 25
• the terminals of the circuit of this device 25 are identified by the same letters as in FIG. 7.
• a relay 20 resettable by a reset button 30 is interconnected between the terminals B and D of the circuit of the device 25. Maintaining the relay 20 in the closed position after the button 30 has been actuated is supplied by the coil 22 of this relay which is mounted in parallel on the terminals D and C.
• the operation is as follows: the thermostat 15 having been adjusted to its set temperature and the convector-connected to the source S, the switch 21 and the relay 20 are then placed in the closed position while the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 is also closed.
• the connection points A, B, C and D are energized and the heating elements 41 and 42 as well as the motor 6 of the turbine 5 are supplied.
• the convector then operates in blowing mode.
• the thermostatic switch 15a opens the circuit ABC so that the coil 22 is no longer supplied.
• the contact 31 of the relay 20 then opens and therefore the elements 41 and 42 no longer heat up and the turbine 5 no longer works.
• the control device 25 which has just been described thus ensures, thanks to a particularly simple design, the automatic transition from the fan regime to the natural convection regime regulated in all or nothing.
• the enclosure 1 of the convector will only be dimensioned on the basis of the power consumed in natural convection, it that is to say on the minimum power of the convector.
• the opening 14a formed on the wall which separates the convection chimney from the compartment 8 is placed under the turbine 5.
• This opening 14a has a zone A (see FIG. 10) adjacent to the turbine 5 through which part of the air is drawn from the chimney to the compartment. 8 and a zone B further from the turbine by which air ex ra t by the turbine is reinjected into the chimney. It can also be seen in FIG. 10 that the opening 14a is located near the turbine 5 in the space between this and the volute 12a which guides the air blown by the turbine towards the outlet opening 7 located on the front of the convector.
• the areas A and B of the opening 14a could be de- sépaxées ACON ⁇ To- create two- discrete openings disposed one above the other on the wall of separated 'tion between the chimney and the compartment 8.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Wind Motors (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
• Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
• Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=9341754

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications Before (1)

Country Status (7)

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Family Cites Families (18)

• 1986
  • 1986-12-10 FR FR8617280A patent/FR2608259B1/fr not_active Expired
• 1987
  • 1987-12-09 PT PT86327A patent/PT86327A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1987-12-09 ES ES8703517A patent/ES2005970A6/es not_active Expired
  • 1987-12-09 GR GR871870A patent/GR871870B/el unknown
  • 1987-12-09 US US07/246,669 patent/US4912300A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1987-12-09 PT PT86326A patent/PT86326A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1987-12-09 WO PCT/FR1987/000488 patent/WO1988004393A2/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1987-12-09 GR GR871869A patent/GR871869B/el unknown
  • 1987-12-09 EP EP88900232A patent/EP0292547A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1987-12-09 WO PCT/FR1987/000489 patent/WO1988004448A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1987-12-09 ES ES8703518A patent/ES2005971A6/es not_active Expired
  • 1987-12-09 EP EP88900027A patent/EP0292531A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 1988
  • 1988-08-05 US US07/246,668 patent/US4888469A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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