EP0292531A1 - Electric heating convector with double operation mode - Google Patents

Electric heating convector with double operation mode

Info

Publication number
EP0292531A1
EP0292531A1 EP88900027A EP88900027A EP0292531A1 EP 0292531 A1 EP0292531 A1 EP 0292531A1 EP 88900027 A EP88900027 A EP 88900027A EP 88900027 A EP88900027 A EP 88900027A EP 0292531 A1 EP0292531 A1 EP 0292531A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
turbine
convector
air
enclosure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88900027A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Hennuy
Guy Wojcik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SEB SA
Original Assignee
SEB SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SEB SA filed Critical SEB SA
Publication of EP0292531A1 publication Critical patent/EP0292531A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2064—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
    • F24H9/2071—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/156—Reducing the quantity of energy consumed; Increasing efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/176—Improving or maintaining comfort of users
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/254—Room temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0411—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between for domestic or space-heating systems
    • F24H3/0417—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between for domestic or space-heating systems portable or mobile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1906—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device
    • G05D23/1912—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device whose output amplitude can take more than two discrete values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/275—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing element expanding, contracting, or fusing in response to changes of temperature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a convector with electrical heating resistors comprising two operating modes, the first being natural convection and the second of the blowing type being obtained using a blowing member.
  • the invention also relates to a control device for such a convector.
  • This type of convector is mainly intended for space heating. It generally has two operating powers, the convector being first used at full power, in blowing mode, to allow a rapid rise in temperature of the room, without cutting the power supply .-. En_puiss.ance + pu_is_ when. l_a_ temperature, setpoint is reached, at reduced power and without blowing, in natural convection regime, the room temperature then being regulated for example by means of an "all or nothing" thermostat, electronic or similar ⁇
  • the dimensions of the convector of the aforementioned type must be such that under all operating conditions, the temperature of its various parts accessible to the user does not exceed the maximum authorized values or those imposed by the manufacturer on the basis of criteria. even more severe quality.
  • Electric convectors with two operating modes are known, one of which is with forced convection in which, for this latter regime, the air is sucked outside the convector, passes through the heating resistor and is then blown outside. in the room to be heated.
  • the hot air outlet is effected by one or more outlet grilles, the arrangement of which at the top of the convector is essentially adapted to operation in the natural convection regime.
  • investigations carried out by the plaintiff have shown that, psychologically, the user prefers that in a blowing regime, that is to say in this case in a forced convection regime, the hot air comes out in front of the convector and at the lower part of it.
  • an electric convector comprising an enclosure forming a convection chimney which has a lower air outlet opening and an upper air outlet opening. air.
  • the resistor is placed inside the enclosure downstream of the lower air inlet opening.
  • a turbine is arranged inside the enclosure to extract part of the hot air formed by natural convection in the convection chimney and to blow part of this air through an additional outlet opening. hot air provided in the front wall of the enclosure.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is to produce an electric convector with two operating regimes, one with natural convection and the other of the blowing type in which the heating power can reach twice that of the natural convection, which consequently presents the advantages and the efficiency of a convector with double operating regime with regard to the heating of the rooms, but which does not have a larger space than that of a convector with uni regime of natural convection similarly power or which has reduced dimensions compared to a conventional convector with double speed of identical maximum power.
  • Another object of the invention is also to ensure optimal comfort of use.
  • the present invention also aims to provide a control device for the aforementioned convector which allows automatic regulation of the operating modes of this convector and which is simple in design.
  • this convector is characterized in that the compartment in which the turbine is rotatably mounted has a second opening communicating with the interior of the convector enclosure.
  • the dimensions of its enclosure can be kept equal to those of a convector with a single regime of natural convection of initial power for which it will have been optimized.
  • the arrangement of the abovementioned opening with respect to the turbine is such that at least part of the air extracted by the turbine is reinjected into the chimney through this opening.
  • the opening includes an area adjacent to the turbine through which part of the air extracted by the turbine is reinjected into the chimney and an area remote from the turbine through which the the hot air formed in the chimney is drawn into the compartment.
  • the control device for the aforementioned convector in which a thermostat is interconnected between the power source and the heating resistor which comprises two heating elements, one of which is supplied only with fan mode of this convector, is characterized in that a temperature limiter is interconnected between the source and said heating element supplied only in fan mode of the connector, this temperature limiter being sensitive to heating of a high value resistor ohmic to cut off the power to this heating element when the thermostat switch is opened for the first time.
  • this control device is characterized in that a resettable relay is interconnected between the thermostat and said heating element supplied only in fan-blower mode, the coil of this relay being mounted in parallel on this. element. so that the relay opens to cut off the supply of said element when the thermostat switch is opened for the first time.
  • blowing member is supplied in parallel with the heating element which is supplied only in blower mode of the convector.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a convector according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views, partially broken away, of this convector showing the two operating modes
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view in longitudinal section, showing the interior of the convector and the air paths in the blowing regime
  • - Figures 5 and 6 are schematic side views with cutaway of the respective end walls of the convector
  • FIG. 9 is a view similar to Figures 2 and 3 showing another embodiment of the invention
  • - Figure 10 is a partial view in cross section showing the arrangement of one communication opening with the chimney relative to the turbine .
  • the electric convector comprises a "enclosure 1 made of sheet metal forming a convection chimney, which has a lower opening 2 for air inlet and an upper opening 3 for air outlet.
  • Electric resistance 4 is arranged (see FIG. 4) inside the enclosure 1, just above the opening lower 2 air inlet.
  • this resistor 4 comprises two heating elements 41, 42 which can be supplied separately as will be seen below.
  • the interior of this enclosure 1 also contains a turbine 5 driven in rotation by a motor 6 to extract, in blowing regime, part of the hot air formed by natural convection in the convection chimney and blow this air through an opening 7 (see figures 1 and 4), additional hot air outlet, provided in the enclosure!.
  • a turbine 5 driven in rotation by a motor 6 to extract, in blowing regime, part of the hot air formed by natural convection in the convection chimney and blow this air through an opening 7 (see figures 1 and 4), additional hot air outlet, provided in the enclosure!.
  • the blowing turbine 5 is rotatably mounted in a compartment 8 formed on one of the sides of the enclosure 1, - which comprises in the axis of the turbine 5 an opening 9 communicating with the interior of the enclosure 1, while the opening 7- for blowing additional air is provided on one face of this compartment 8 located opposite the turbine 5 in the lower part thereof. Furthermore, the turbine 5 is mounted in a casing 11 in the form of a scroll, the air outlet 12 of which is directed towards the bottom 13 of the compartment 8 and towards the front thereof which includes the opening 7 (see FIG. 5 ).
  • the compartment 8 has in the vicinity of its bottom 13, a second opening 14 communicating with the interior of the enclosure 1 opposite the heating resistor 4.
  • this opening 14 is used, in blowing regime, to reinject part of the derived air into the compartment 8 by the turbine 5, in the enclosure 1 on the heating elements 41, 42.
  • the opening 14 has a cross section smaller than that of the additional air outlet opening 7.
  • the control device 25 comprises a thermostat 15 for adjusting the set temperature.
  • the thermostat 15 is placed (FIG. 4) in the compartment 8 in a region not affected by the flow of hot air blown by the turbine 5, for example behind the volute 11.
  • One of the terminals A of the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 is connected to the electric power source S of the convector while its other terminal B is connected to one of the terminals of the heating element 41 intended to be supplied both in natural convection regime and in regime blowing.
  • the other terminal of the heating element 41 is connected to the source S.
  • a temperature limiter 18 for example a thermal switch, is interconnected between the source S and one of the terminals D of the heating element 42 intended to be supplied only in blowing mode.
  • the limiter 18 is designed and arranged in the circuit of the control device 25 to be sensitive to the heating of a resistance of high ohmic value or "heater" 17, for example of a value between 16 and 20 k ⁇ , for open when this heater is supplied and thereby cut the normal supply to the heating element 42.
  • the heater 17 is mounted in series with a second temperature limiter 16 between the terminal D of the limiter 18 connected to the heating element 42 and the terminal B of switch 15a.
  • This temperature limiter 16 is also designed and placed in the circuit of the device 25 so as to be sensitive to the heating of the heater 17 and to open when this heater is supplied. Preferably, it will be ensured that the limiter 16 opens substantially at the same time as the limiter 18.
  • the motor 6 of the turbine 5 is mounted in parallel on the heating element 42, between the terminal D and the source S.
  • a switch 21 interconnected between the source s and the terminal A allows the switching on or off convector service.
  • the heating element 41 preferably has a power of 1000 while the element 4-2 has a power of 500 W or 1000 W in order to obtain, in fan mode, a total power of 1500 or 2000 W.
  • the control device 25 is preferably placed in the compartment 8 opposite the external control members 10 of the convector.
  • the operation is as follows: The thermostat 15 having been adjusted to its set temperature, for example 20 ° C., and the convector connected to the source S, the switch 21 is then placed in the closed position while the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 is also closed.
  • the temperature limiters 16, 18 are closed because they are not subjected to any heating, the heater 17 being shunted by the circuit portions AB and AD.
  • the connection points A and C are energized and the heating elements 41 and 42 as well as the motor 6 of the turbine 5 are supplied. In this convection fan regime, the air flows are oriented as shown by the arrows in FIG. 3.
  • An air flow E enters the enclosure 1 through the lower opening 2, passes through the heating elements 41 and 42 and rises in the convection chimney of the enclosure 1.
  • a part C of the flow E of hot air is evacuated to the outside by the upper outlet 3 while the other part A is drawn into the compartment 8 by the opening 9 under the action of the turbine 5 and is rejected by the latter towards the bottom 13 of the compartment 8.
  • r part S of the flow A is discharged to the outside through the opening 7 at a distance from opening 2 and with an orientation relative to " this opening - ⁇ - that ⁇ prevents-sc- ⁇ — return - ⁇ ansr 1 enclosure 1 - by said opening, while the other part R is reinjected by 1 -opening- 14 in- the enclosure- 1- on the heating elements 41 and 42.
  • the flow R represents ten to twenty percent of the flow A, while the flow C leaving the enclosure 1 through the opening 3 is fifteen to twenty five percent higher than that which would leave this opening 3 in the absence of opening 14.
  • the difference of five percent with the A / R ratio is justified a priori by the amplification of the speed of the air circulating in the convection chimney consequently a reduction in overall pressure losses. Thanks to a relative cooling of the heating elements 41 and 42 and to an efficient mixing of the air circulating in the convection chimney by the flow R, the average temperature of the flow C so that the walls of the enclosure 1 and the grids which partially block the air outlet 3 are correspondingly cooled. Furthermore, the flow of hot air S blown through the outlet 7 very clearly improves the comfort of heating, most users highly appreciate a blowing of hot air at the bottom and on the front of the convector.
  • the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 opens the circuit ABC.
  • a low current then flows in the circuit connecting in series the source S, the heater 17 and the element 41.
  • This low current heats the heater sufficiently 17 to open the limiters 16- and 18.
  • the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 closes again, by. so that the element 41 is again supplied at its maximum intensity and resumes heating.
  • the limiters 16 and 18 being always in the open position, the element 42 does not give off any heat and the turbine 5 still does not work.
  • control device 25 ensures, in natural convection regime, regulation in "all or nothing".
  • the limiters 16 and 18 can be closed so that the convector operates again according to the cycle described above which starts with the blowing regime.
  • FIG. 8 which illustrates an alternative embodiment of the control device 25
  • the terminals of the circuit of this device 25 are identified by the same letters as in FIG. 7.
  • a relay 20 resettable by a reset button 30 is interconnected between the terminals B and D of the circuit of the device 25. Maintaining the relay 20 in the closed position after the button 30 has been actuated is supplied by the coil 22 of this relay which is mounted in parallel on the terminals D and C.
  • the operation is as follows: the thermostat 15 having been adjusted to its set temperature and the convector-connected to the source S, the switch 21 and the relay 20 are then placed in the closed position while the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 is also closed.
  • the connection points A, B, C and D are energized and the heating elements 41 and 42 as well as the motor 6 of the turbine 5 are supplied.
  • the convector then operates in blowing mode.
  • the thermostatic switch 15a opens the circuit ABC so that the coil 22 is no longer supplied.
  • the contact 31 of the relay 20 then opens and therefore the elements 41 and 42 no longer heat up and the turbine 5 no longer works.
  • the control device 25 which has just been described thus ensures, thanks to a particularly simple design, the automatic transition from the fan regime to the natural convection regime regulated in all or nothing.
  • the enclosure 1 of the convector will only be dimensioned on the basis of the power consumed in natural convection, it that is to say on the minimum power of the convector.
  • the opening 14a formed on the wall which separates the convection chimney from the compartment 8 is placed under the turbine 5.
  • This opening 14a has a zone A (see FIG. 10) adjacent to the turbine 5 through which part of the air is drawn from the chimney to the compartment. 8 and a zone B further from the turbine by which air ex ra t by the turbine is reinjected into the chimney. It can also be seen in FIG. 10 that the opening 14a is located near the turbine 5 in the space between this and the volute 12a which guides the air blown by the turbine towards the outlet opening 7 located on the front of the convector.
  • the areas A and B of the opening 14a could be de- sépaxées ACON ⁇ To- create two- discrete openings disposed one above the other on the wall of separated 'tion between the chimney and the compartment 8.

Abstract

Le convecteur comprend une enceinte (1) formant cheminée, qui comporte une ouverture inférieure (2) d'arrivée d'air et une ouverture supérieure (3) de sortie d'air, la résistance (4) étant disposée à l'intérieur de l'enceinte (1) en aval de l'ouverture (2) d'arrivée d'air. L'enceinte (1) renferme en outre une turbine (5) pour extraire une partie de l'air chaud formé par convection naturelle et pour souffler cet air par une ouverture (7) additionnelle de sortie d'air chaud. Une ouverture (14) est pratiquée entre la cheminée de convection et le compartiment (8) comportant la turbine (5). Utilisation pour réaliser des convecteurs plus compacts.The convector comprises an enclosure (1) forming a chimney, which comprises a lower opening (2) for air intake and an upper opening (3) for air outlet, the resistor (4) being arranged inside the enclosure (1) downstream of the air inlet opening (2). The enclosure (1) also contains a turbine (5) for extracting part of the hot air formed by natural convection and for blowing this air through an additional opening (7) for hot air outlet. An opening (14) is made between the convection chimney and the compartment (8) comprising the turbine (5). Use to make more compact convectors.

Description

"Convecteur électrique de chauffage à double régime" "Electric double-speed heating convector"
_*-_ * -
1 La présente invention concerne un convecteur à résistances électriques de chauffage comportant deux régimes de fonctionnement, le premier étant à convection naturelle et le second de type soufflant étant obtenu à l'aide d'un organe de soufflage. L'invention vise également un dispositif de commande pour un tel convecteur.1 The present invention relates to a convector with electrical heating resistors comprising two operating modes, the first being natural convection and the second of the blowing type being obtained using a blowing member. The invention also relates to a control device for such a convector.
Ce type de convecteur est principalement destiné au chauffage des locaux. Il présente généralement deux puissances de fonctionnement, le convecteur étant d'abord utilisé à pleine puissance, en régime soufflant, pour permettre une montée en température rapide du local, sans coupure de 1 ' alimentati_on.-.en_puiss.ance+ pu_is_ lorsque. l_a_ température, de- consigne est atteinte, à puissance réduite et sans soufflage, en régime de convection naturelle, la température du local étant alors régulée par exemple au moyen d'un thermostat "tout ou rien" , électronique ou analogue \This type of convector is mainly intended for space heating. It generally has two operating powers, the convector being first used at full power, in blowing mode, to allow a rapid rise in temperature of the room, without cutting the power supply .-. En_puiss.ance + pu_is_ when. l_a_ temperature, setpoint is reached, at reduced power and without blowing, in natural convection regime, the room temperature then being regulated for example by means of an "all or nothing" thermostat, electronic or similar \
Les dimensions du convecteur du type précité doivent être telles qu'en tout régime de fonctionnement, la température de ses différentes parties accessibles à l'utilisateur ne dépassent pas les valeurs maximales autorisées ou encore celles que s'impose le constructeur sur la base de critères de qualité encore plus sévères.The dimensions of the convector of the aforementioned type must be such that under all operating conditions, the temperature of its various parts accessible to the user does not exceed the maximum authorized values or those imposed by the manufacturer on the basis of criteria. even more severe quality.
On connaît des convecteurs électriques à deux régimes de fonctionnement dont l'un est à convection forcée dans lesquels, pour ce dernier régime, l'air est aspiré à l'extérieur du convecteur, traverse la résistance de chauffage puis est soufflé à l'extérieur dans le local à chauffer. Dans cette réalisation, la sortie d'air chaud s'effectue par une ou plusieurs grilles de sortie dont la disposition à la partie supérieure du convecteur est adaptée essentiellement à un fonctionnement en régime de convection naturelle. Or des enquêtes effectuées par la demanderesse ont montré que, psychologiquement, l'utilisateur préfère qu'en régime soufflant, c'est-à-dire dans ce cas en régime de convection forcée, l'air chaud sorte devant le convecteur et à la partie inférieure de celui-ci. On connaît par ailleurs, d'après le FR-A-2.576.673 au nom de la demanderesse, un convecteur électrique comprenant une enceinte formant cheminée de convection qui comporte une ouverture inférieure de sortie d'air et une ouverture supérieure de sortie d'air. La résistance est disposée à l'intérieur de l'enceinte en aval de l'ouverture inférieure d'arrivée d'air. Dans cette réalisation, une turbine est disposée à l'intérieur de l'enceinte pour extraire une partie de l'air chaud formé par convection naturelle dans la cheminée de convection et pour souffler une partie de cet air par une ouverture additionnelle de sortie d'air chaud ménagée dans la paroi frontale de l'enceinte. Un tel convecteur fonctionne suivant les deux régimes précités, le passage de l'un à l'autre étant assuré manuellement par l'utilisateur.Electric convectors with two operating modes are known, one of which is with forced convection in which, for this latter regime, the air is sucked outside the convector, passes through the heating resistor and is then blown outside. in the room to be heated. In this embodiment, the hot air outlet is effected by one or more outlet grilles, the arrangement of which at the top of the convector is essentially adapted to operation in the natural convection regime. However, investigations carried out by the plaintiff have shown that, psychologically, the user prefers that in a blowing regime, that is to say in this case in a forced convection regime, the hot air comes out in front of the convector and at the lower part of it. We also know, from FR-A-2,576,673 in the name of the applicant, an electric convector comprising an enclosure forming a convection chimney which has a lower air outlet opening and an upper air outlet opening. air. The resistor is placed inside the enclosure downstream of the lower air inlet opening. In this embodiment, a turbine is arranged inside the enclosure to extract part of the hot air formed by natural convection in the convection chimney and to blow part of this air through an additional outlet opening. hot air provided in the front wall of the enclosure. Such a convector operates according to the two aforementioned regimes, the passage from one to the other being ensured manually by the user.
L'un des buts- de la présente invention est de réaliser un convecteur électrique à deux régimes de fonctionnement, l'un à convection naturelle et l'autre de type soufflant dans lequel la puissance de chauffage peut atteindre le double de celle du régime de convection naturelle, qui présente par conséquent les avantages et l'efficacité d'un convecteur à double régime de fonctionnement en ce qui concerne le chauffage des locaux, mais qui n'ait pas un encombrement supérieur à celui d'un convecteur à régime uni de convection naturelle de même puissance ou qui présente d dimensions réduites par rapport à un convecteur classique à double régime de puissance maximale identique.One of the aims of the present invention is to produce an electric convector with two operating regimes, one with natural convection and the other of the blowing type in which the heating power can reach twice that of the natural convection, which consequently presents the advantages and the efficiency of a convector with double operating regime with regard to the heating of the rooms, but which does not have a larger space than that of a convector with uni regime of natural convection similarly power or which has reduced dimensions compared to a conventional convector with double speed of identical maximum power.
Un autre but de l'invention est également d'assur un confort d'utilisation optimal. La présente invention a encore pour but de proposer un dispositif de commande pour convecteur précité qui permette une régulation automatique régimes de fonctionnement de ce convecteur et qui soit de conception simple.Another object of the invention is also to ensure optimal comfort of use. The present invention also aims to provide a control device for the aforementioned convector which allows automatic regulation of the operating modes of this convector and which is simple in design.
Suivant l'invention, ce convecteur est caractéris en ce que le compartiment- dans lequel est montée en rotatio la turbine comporte une deuxième ouverture communiquant ave l'intérieur de l'enceinte du convecteur.According to the invention, this convector is characterized in that the compartment in which the turbine is rotatably mounted has a second opening communicating with the interior of the convector enclosure.
Grâce à cette ouverture ménagée sur la paroi qui sépare le compartiment de la turbine et la cheminée de convection, on évite une température excessive à la sortie la cheminée lors du régime soufflant. Ce résultat peut s'expliquer par un effet d'homogénéisation des température d'air dans la cheminée de convection.Thanks to this opening made on the wall which separates the turbine compartment and the convection chimney, excessive temperature is avoided at the chimney outlet during the blowing regime. This result can be explained by a homogenizing effect of the air temperatures in the convection chimney.
Ainsi, grâce à l'invention, il est possible d'augmenter la puissance de chauffage lors du régime soufflant, ce qui permet d'augmenter la vitesse de montée température, sans pour autant augmenter les dimensions de l'enceinte du convecteur et sans encourir le risque que certaines parties du convecteur telles que la grille de sortie d'air chaud soient portées à des températures excessives pour l'utilisateur.Thus, thanks to the invention, it is possible to increase the heating power during the fan regime, which makes it possible to increase the temperature rise speed, without increasing the dimensions of the convector enclosure and without incurring the risk that certain parts of the convector such as the hot air outlet grille are brought to excessive temperatures for the user.
En outre, malgré l'augmentation de la puissance de chauffage en régime soufflant du convecteur, les dimensions de son enceinte peuvent être maintenues égales à celles d'un convecteur à régime unique de convection naturelle de puissance initiale pour laquelle il aura été optimisé.In addition, in spite of the increase in the heating power in blower mode of the convector, the dimensions of its enclosure can be kept equal to those of a convector with a single regime of natural convection of initial power for which it will have been optimized.
Selon une version avantageuse de l'invention, la disposition de l'ouverture précitée par rapport à la turbine est telle qu'une partie au moins de l'air extrait par la turbine est réinjecté dans la cheminée par cette ouverture.According to an advantageous version of the invention, the arrangement of the abovementioned opening with respect to the turbine is such that at least part of the air extracted by the turbine is reinjected into the chimney through this opening.
Les essais ont également permis de constater qu'il était avantageux que la disposition de l'ouverture précitée par rapport à la. turbine, soit telle qu'une partie au moins de l'air chaud formé dans la cheminée est aspiré dans le compartiment de la turbine par cette ouverture.The tests also made it possible to note that it was advantageous that the arrangement of the abovementioned opening with respect to the. turbine, or such that at least part of the hot air formed in the chimney is drawn into the turbine compartment through this opening.
Les meilleurs résultats sont obtenus lorsque la disposition précitée est telle que l'ouverture comβorte une zone adjacente à la turbine par laquelle une partie de l'air extrait par la turbine est réinjecté dans la cheminée et une zone éloignée de la turbine par laquelle de l'air chaud formé dans la cheminée est aspiré dans le compartiment.The best results are obtained when the aforementioned arrangement is such that the opening includes an area adjacent to the turbine through which part of the air extracted by the turbine is reinjected into the chimney and an area remote from the turbine through which the the hot air formed in the chimney is drawn into the compartment.
Suivant une réalisation préférée de l'invention, le dispositif de commande pour le convecteur précité, dans lequel un thermostat est interconnecté entre la source d'alimentation et la résistance de chauffage qui comprend deux éléments chauffants dont l'un est alimenté seulement en régime soufflant de ce convecteur, est caractérisé en ce qu'un limiteur de température est interconnecté entre la source et ledit élément chauffant alimenté seulement en régime soufflant du connecteur, ce limiteur de température étant sensible à 1 ' échauffement d'une résistance de forte valeur ohmique pour couper l'alimentation de cet élément chauffant lors de la première ouverture de l'interrupteur du thermostat.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the control device for the aforementioned convector, in which a thermostat is interconnected between the power source and the heating resistor which comprises two heating elements, one of which is supplied only with fan mode of this convector, is characterized in that a temperature limiter is interconnected between the source and said heating element supplied only in fan mode of the connector, this temperature limiter being sensitive to heating of a high value resistor ohmic to cut off the power to this heating element when the thermostat switch is opened for the first time.
Suivant une variante de réalisation, ce dispositif de commande est caractérisé en ce qu'un relais réarmable est interconnecté entre le thermostat et ledit élément chauffant alimenté seulement en régime soufflant du convecteur, la bobine de ce relais étant- montée en parallèle, sur cet .élément. de manière que le relais s'ouvre pour couper l'alimentation dudit élément lors de la première ouverture de 1 ' interrupteur du thermostat.According to an alternative embodiment, this control device is characterized in that a resettable relay is interconnected between the thermostat and said heating element supplied only in fan-blower mode, the coil of this relay being mounted in parallel on this. element. so that the relay opens to cut off the supply of said element when the thermostat switch is opened for the first time.
Ainsi, la combinaison d'un thermostat et de li iteurs de température ou d'un relais permet le passage automatique du régime soufflant au régime de convection naturelle et une régulation par "tout ou rien" dans ce dernier régime de fonctionnement.Thus, the combination of a thermostat and temperature li itors or a relay allows the automatic transition from the fan regime to the natural convection regime and regulation by "all or nothing" in this latter operating regime.
Par ailleurs, l'organe de soufflage est alimenté en parallèle avec l'élément chauffant qui est alimenté seulement en régime soufflant du convecteur.Furthermore, the blowing member is supplied in parallel with the heating element which is supplied only in blower mode of the convector.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront encore de la description qui va suivre.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows.
Aux dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs :In the accompanying drawings given by way of examples not limiting:
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un convecteur conforme à l'invention,FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a convector according to the invention,
- les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues en perspective, avec arrachements partiels , de ce convecteur montrant les deux régimes de fonctionnement,FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views, partially broken away, of this convector showing the two operating modes,
- la figure 4 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale, montrant l'intérieur du convecteur et les trajets de l'air dans le régime soufflant, - les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues de côté schématiques avec arrachement des parois terminales respectives du convecteur,- Figure 4 is a schematic view in longitudinal section, showing the interior of the convector and the air paths in the blowing regime, - Figures 5 and 6 are schematic side views with cutaway of the respective end walls of the convector ,
- la figure J__est_un_S-Ch_éma éle_ct_rLq_ιe._d,'u_-_- dispositif de commande suivant l'invention, et - la figure 8 est un schéma électrique d'un dispositif de commande suivant une variante de réalisation de 1' invention.- Figure J__est_un_S-Ch_éma éle_ct_rLq_ιe._d, 'u _-_- control device according to the invention, and - Figure 8 is an electrical diagram of a control device according to an alternative embodiment of one invention.
- la figure 9 est une vue analogue aux figures 2 et 3 montrant une autre réalisation de l'invention, - la figure 10 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale montrant la disposition de 1 ' ouverture de communication avec la cheminée par rapport à la turbine.- Figure 9 is a view similar to Figures 2 and 3 showing another embodiment of the invention, - Figure 10 is a partial view in cross section showing the arrangement of one communication opening with the chimney relative to the turbine .
Dans la réalisation des figures 1 à 6, le convecteur électrique comprend une" enceinte 1 en tôle formant cheminée de convection, qui comporte une ouverture inférieure 2 d'arrivée d'air et une ouverture supérieure 3 de sortie d'air. La résistance électrique 4 est disposée (voir figure 4) à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1, juste au -dessus de l'ouverture inférieure 2 d'arrivée d'air. En pratique, cette résistance 4 comprend deux éléments chauffants 41, 42 alimentables séparément comme on le verra plus loin.In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 6, the electric convector comprises a "enclosure 1 made of sheet metal forming a convection chimney, which has a lower opening 2 for air inlet and an upper opening 3 for air outlet. Electric resistance 4 is arranged (see FIG. 4) inside the enclosure 1, just above the opening lower 2 air inlet. In practice, this resistor 4 comprises two heating elements 41, 42 which can be supplied separately as will be seen below.
L'intérieur de cette enceinte 1 renferme en outre une turbine 5 entraînée en rotation par un moteur 6 pour extraire, en régime soufflant, une partie de l'air chaud formé par convection naturelle dans la cheminée de convection et souffler cet air par une ouverture 7 (voir figures 1 et 4) , additionnelle de sortie d'air chaud, ménagée dans l'enceinte !.The interior of this enclosure 1 also contains a turbine 5 driven in rotation by a motor 6 to extract, in blowing regime, part of the hot air formed by natural convection in the convection chimney and blow this air through an opening 7 (see figures 1 and 4), additional hot air outlet, provided in the enclosure!.
On voit sur les figures 4 et 5 que la turbine 5 de soufflage est montée en rotation dans un compartiment 8 ménagé sur l'un des côtés de l'enceinte 1,- qui comporte dans l'axe de la turbine 5 une ouverture 9 communiquant avec 1 ' intérieur de l'enceinte 1, tandis que l'ouverture 7- de soufflage d'air additionnel est prévue sur une face de ce compartiment 8 située en regard de la turbine 5 dans la partie inférieure de celui-ci. Par ailleurs, la turbine 5 est montée dans une enveloppe 11 en forme de volute dont la sortie d'air 12 est dirigée vers le fond 13 du compartiment 8 et vers la façade de celui-ci qui comprend l'ouverture 7 (voir figure 5) .It can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5 that the blowing turbine 5 is rotatably mounted in a compartment 8 formed on one of the sides of the enclosure 1, - which comprises in the axis of the turbine 5 an opening 9 communicating with the interior of the enclosure 1, while the opening 7- for blowing additional air is provided on one face of this compartment 8 located opposite the turbine 5 in the lower part thereof. Furthermore, the turbine 5 is mounted in a casing 11 in the form of a scroll, the air outlet 12 of which is directed towards the bottom 13 of the compartment 8 and towards the front thereof which includes the opening 7 (see FIG. 5 ).
Dans la réalisation représentée sur les figures 3 et 4, le compartiment 8 présente au voisinage de son fond 13, une deuxième ouverture 14 communiquant avec l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1 en regard de la résistance de chauffage 4. Comme il ressortira plus en détail de la description du fonctionnement, cette ouverture 14 sert, en régime soufflant, à réinjecter une partie de l'air dérivé dans le compartiment 8 par la turbine 5, dans l'enceinte 1 sur les éléments chauffants 41, 42. L'ouverture 14 a une section inférieure à celle de l'ouverture additionnelle 7 de sortie d'air.In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, the compartment 8 has in the vicinity of its bottom 13, a second opening 14 communicating with the interior of the enclosure 1 opposite the heating resistor 4. As will become more apparent in detail of the description of the operation, this opening 14 is used, in blowing regime, to reinject part of the derived air into the compartment 8 by the turbine 5, in the enclosure 1 on the heating elements 41, 42. The opening 14 has a cross section smaller than that of the additional air outlet opening 7.
En référence aux figures 7 et 8 , le dispositif 25 de commande comprend un thermostat 15 de réglage de la température de consigne. Le thermostat 15 est placé (figure 4) dans le compartiment 8 dans une région non affectée par le flux d'air chaud soufflé par la turbine 5, par exemple derrière la volute 11. L'une des bornes A de l'interrupteur 15a du thermostat 15 est reliée à la source d'alimentation électrique S du convecteur tandis que son autre borne B est reliée à l'une des bornes de l'élément chauffant 41 destiné à être alimenté tant en -régime de- convection naturelle qu'en régime soufflant. L'autre borne de l'élément chauffant 41 est reliée à la source S.With reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, the control device 25 comprises a thermostat 15 for adjusting the set temperature. The thermostat 15 is placed (FIG. 4) in the compartment 8 in a region not affected by the flow of hot air blown by the turbine 5, for example behind the volute 11. One of the terminals A of the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 is connected to the electric power source S of the convector while its other terminal B is connected to one of the terminals of the heating element 41 intended to be supplied both in natural convection regime and in regime blowing. The other terminal of the heating element 41 is connected to the source S.
A la figure 7, un limiteur de température 18, par exemple un interrupteur thermique, est interconnecté entre la source S et l'une des bornes D de l'élément chauffant 42 destiné à n'être alimenté qu'en régime soufflant. Le limiteur 18 est conçu et disposé dans le circuit du dispositif de commande 25 pour être sensible à 1' échauffement d'une résistance de forte valeur ohmique ou "chaufferette" 17, par exemple d'une valeur comprise entre 16 et 20 kΩ, pour s'ouvrir lorsque cette chaufferette est alimentée et couper ainsi l'alimentation normale de l'élément chauffant 42.In FIG. 7, a temperature limiter 18, for example a thermal switch, is interconnected between the source S and one of the terminals D of the heating element 42 intended to be supplied only in blowing mode. The limiter 18 is designed and arranged in the circuit of the control device 25 to be sensitive to the heating of a resistance of high ohmic value or "heater" 17, for example of a value between 16 and 20 kΩ, for open when this heater is supplied and thereby cut the normal supply to the heating element 42.
La chaufferette 17 est montée en série avec un second limiteur de température 16 entre la borne D du limiteur 18 reliée à 1 ' élément chauffant 42 et la borne B de l'interrupteur 15a. Ce limiteur de température 16 est également conçu et disposé dans le circuit du dispositif 25 pour être sensible à 1 ' échauffement de la chaufferette 17 et s'ouvrir lorsque cette chaufferette est alimentée. De préférence, on s'assurera que le limiteur 16 s'ouvre sensiblement en même temps que le limiteur 18.The heater 17 is mounted in series with a second temperature limiter 16 between the terminal D of the limiter 18 connected to the heating element 42 and the terminal B of switch 15a. This temperature limiter 16 is also designed and placed in the circuit of the device 25 so as to be sensitive to the heating of the heater 17 and to open when this heater is supplied. Preferably, it will be ensured that the limiter 16 opens substantially at the same time as the limiter 18.
Par ailleurs, le moteur 6 de la turbine 5 est monté en parallèle sur l'élément chauffant 42, entre la borne D et la source S. Un interrupteur 21 interconnecté entre la source s et la borne A permet la mise en-ou hors-service du convecteur.Furthermore, the motor 6 of the turbine 5 is mounted in parallel on the heating element 42, between the terminal D and the source S. A switch 21 interconnected between the source s and the terminal A allows the switching on or off convector service.
L'élément chauffant 41 a de préférence une puissance de 1000 tandis que l'élément 4-2 a une puissance de 500 W ou 1000 W afin d'obtenir en régime soufflant une puissance totale de 1500 ou 2000 W.The heating element 41 preferably has a power of 1000 while the element 4-2 has a power of 500 W or 1000 W in order to obtain, in fan mode, a total power of 1500 or 2000 W.
Le dispositif de commande 25 est de préférence placé dans le compartiment 8 en regard des organes de commande extérieurs 10 du convecteur.The control device 25 is preferably placed in the compartment 8 opposite the external control members 10 of the convector.
Le fonctionnement est le suivant : Le thermostat 15 ayant été réglé à sa température de consigne, par exemple 20°C, et le convecteur relié à la source S, l'interrupteur 21 est alors placé en position fermée tandis que l'interrupteur 15a du thermostat 15 est également fermé. Les limiteurs de température 16, 18 sont fermés car ils ne sont soumis à aucun échauffement , la chaufferette 17 étant shuntée par les portions de circuit AB et AD. Les points de connexion A et C sont sous tension et les éléments chauffants 41 et 42 ainsi que le moteur 6 de la turbine 5 sont alimentés. Dans ce régime soufflant du convecteur, les flux d'air sont orientés comme représentés par les flèches sur la figure 3. Un flux d'air E pénètre dans l'enceinte 1 par l'ouverture inférieure 2, traverse les éléments chauffants 41 et 42 et s ' élève dans la cheminée de convection de 1 ' enceinte 1. Une partie C du flux E d'air chaud est évacuée à 1 ' extérieur par la sortie supérieure 3 tandis que 1 ' autre partie A est aspirée dans le compartiment 8 par l'ouverture 9 sous l'action de la turbine 5 et est rejetée par celle-ci vers le fond 13 du compartiment 8. Dans ces conditions r une partie S du flux A est rejetée à l'extérieur par l'ouverture 7 à une distance de l'ouverture 2 et avec une orientation par rapport à" cette ouverture-^-qu± empêche-sc-π—retour -ύansr 1' enceinte 1 - par ladite ouverture, tandis que l'autre partie R est réinjectée par 1-ouverture- 14 dans- 1'enceinte- 1- sur les éléments chauffants 41 et 42.The operation is as follows: The thermostat 15 having been adjusted to its set temperature, for example 20 ° C., and the convector connected to the source S, the switch 21 is then placed in the closed position while the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 is also closed. The temperature limiters 16, 18 are closed because they are not subjected to any heating, the heater 17 being shunted by the circuit portions AB and AD. The connection points A and C are energized and the heating elements 41 and 42 as well as the motor 6 of the turbine 5 are supplied. In this convection fan regime, the air flows are oriented as shown by the arrows in FIG. 3. An air flow E enters the enclosure 1 through the lower opening 2, passes through the heating elements 41 and 42 and rises in the convection chimney of the enclosure 1. A part C of the flow E of hot air is evacuated to the outside by the upper outlet 3 while the other part A is drawn into the compartment 8 by the opening 9 under the action of the turbine 5 and is rejected by the latter towards the bottom 13 of the compartment 8. Under these conditions r part S of the flow A is discharged to the outside through the opening 7 at a distance from opening 2 and with an orientation relative to " this opening - ^ - that ± prevents-sc-π — return -ύansr 1 enclosure 1 - by said opening, while the other part R is reinjected by 1 -opening- 14 in- the enclosure- 1- on the heating elements 41 and 42.
Des essais réalisés par la demanderesse ont montré que le flux R représente dix à vingt pour-cent du flux A, tandis que le flux C quittant l'enceinte 1 par l'ouverture 3 est supérieur de quinze à vingt cinq pour cent à celui qui quitterait cette ouverture 3 en l'absence de l'ouverture 14. La différence de cinq pour-cent avec le rapport A/R se justifie a priori par l'amplification de la vitesse de l'air circulant dans la cheminée de convection par suite d'une diminution des pertes de charge globales. Grâce à un re roidissement relatif des éléments chauffants 41 et 42 et à un brassage efficace de l'air circulant dans la cheminée de convection par le flux R, on diminue la température moyenne du flux C de sorte qu'on refroidit corrélativement les parois de l'enceinte 1 et les grilles qui obturent partiellement la sortie d'air 3. Par ailleurs, le flux d'air chaud S soufflé par la sortie 7 améliore très nettement le confort de chauffage, la plupart des utilisateurs appréciant fortement u soufflage d'air chaud en partie basse et en façade du convecteur.Tests carried out by the applicant have shown that the flow R represents ten to twenty percent of the flow A, while the flow C leaving the enclosure 1 through the opening 3 is fifteen to twenty five percent higher than that which would leave this opening 3 in the absence of opening 14. The difference of five percent with the A / R ratio is justified a priori by the amplification of the speed of the air circulating in the convection chimney consequently a reduction in overall pressure losses. Thanks to a relative cooling of the heating elements 41 and 42 and to an efficient mixing of the air circulating in the convection chimney by the flow R, the average temperature of the flow C so that the walls of the enclosure 1 and the grids which partially block the air outlet 3 are correspondingly cooled. Furthermore, the flow of hot air S blown through the outlet 7 very clearly improves the comfort of heating, most users highly appreciate a blowing of hot air at the bottom and on the front of the convector.
Lorsque la température du local avoisine la température de consigne (par exemple 20°C) , l'interrupteur 15a du thermostat 15 ouvre le circuit ABC. Compte tenu de la forte résistance ohmique de la chaufferette 17, il circule alors un courant de faible intensité dans le circuit reliant en série la source S, la chaufferette 17 et- 1 ' élément- 41. Ce courant de faible intensité échauffe suffisamment la chaufferette 17 pour ouvrir les limiteurs 16- et 18. Ainsi-, les .éléments 41 et 42 ne dégagent plus de chaleur et la turbine 5 ne fonctionne plus. Lorsque la température du local descend en dessous de la température de consigne, l'interrupteur 15a du thermostat 15 se ferme à nouveau, de . sorte que l'élément 41 est de nouveau alimenté à son intensité maximale et se remet à chauffer. Les limiteurs 16 et 18 étant toujours en position ouverte, l'élément 42 ne dégage aucune chaleur et la turbine 5 ne fonctionne toujours pas.When the temperature of the room approaches the set temperature (for example 20 ° C), the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 opens the circuit ABC. In view of the high ohmic resistance of the heater 17, a low current then flows in the circuit connecting in series the source S, the heater 17 and the element 41. This low current heats the heater sufficiently 17 to open the limiters 16- and 18. Thus, the elements 41 and 42 no longer give off heat and the turbine 5 no longer works. When the room temperature drops below the set temperature, the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 closes again, by. so that the element 41 is again supplied at its maximum intensity and resumes heating. The limiters 16 and 18 being always in the open position, the element 42 does not give off any heat and the turbine 5 still does not work.
Ainsi, le dispositif de commande 25 suivant l'invention assure, en régime de convection naturelle, une régulation en "tout ou rien". A tout moment, les limiteurs 16 et 18 peuvent être refermés de sorte que le convecteur fonctionne à nouveau selon le cycle décrit ci-dessus qui démarre par le régime soufflant.Thus, the control device 25 according to the invention ensures, in natural convection regime, regulation in "all or nothing". At any time, the limiters 16 and 18 can be closed so that the convector operates again according to the cycle described above which starts with the blowing regime.
A la figure 8 qui illustre une variante de réalisation du dispositif de commande 25, les bornes du circuit de ce dispositif 25 sont repérées par les mêmes lettres qu'à la figure 7. Un relais 20 rearmable par un bouton de réarmement 30 est interconnecté entre les bornes B et D du circuit du dispositif 25. Le maintien en position fermée du relais 20 après enclenchement du bouton 30 est assuré par l'alimentation de la bobine 22 de ce relais qui est montée en parallèle sur les bornes D et C.In FIG. 8 which illustrates an alternative embodiment of the control device 25, the terminals of the circuit of this device 25 are identified by the same letters as in FIG. 7. A relay 20 resettable by a reset button 30 is interconnected between the terminals B and D of the circuit of the device 25. Maintaining the relay 20 in the closed position after the button 30 has been actuated is supplied by the coil 22 of this relay which is mounted in parallel on the terminals D and C.
Le fonctionnement est le suivant : le thermostat 15 ayant été réglé à sa température de consigne et -le convecteur-relié à la source S, l'interrupteur 21 et le relais 20 sont alors placés en position fermée tandlis que_ L'interrupteur 15a du thermostat 15 est également fermé. Les points de connexion A, B, C et D sont sous tension et les éléments chauffants 41 et 42 ainsi que le moteur 6 de la turbine 5 sont alimentés . Le convecteur fonctionne alors en régime soufflant. Lorsque la température du local avoisine la température de consigne, l'interrupteur thermostatique 15a ouvre le circuit ABC de sorte que la bobine 22 n'est plus alimentée. Le contact 31 du relais 20 s'ouvre alors et par conséquent, les éléments 41 et 42 ne chauffent plus et la turbine 5 ne fonctionne plus.The operation is as follows: the thermostat 15 having been adjusted to its set temperature and the convector-connected to the source S, the switch 21 and the relay 20 are then placed in the closed position while the switch 15a of the thermostat 15 is also closed. The connection points A, B, C and D are energized and the heating elements 41 and 42 as well as the motor 6 of the turbine 5 are supplied. The convector then operates in blowing mode. When the room temperature approaches the set temperature, the thermostatic switch 15a opens the circuit ABC so that the coil 22 is no longer supplied. The contact 31 of the relay 20 then opens and therefore the elements 41 and 42 no longer heat up and the turbine 5 no longer works.
Lorsque la température du local descend" en-dessous de la température de consigne, l'interrupteur 15a se ferme à nouveau, de sorte que l'élément 41 se remet à chauffer. La bobine 22 n'étant toujours pas alimentée, le relais 20 reste fermé de sorte que l'élément 42 ne chauffe pas et que la turbine 5 ne fonctionne pas non plus. A la mise en service suivante du convecteur, si le relais 20 est réarmé, le convecteur fonctionne à nouveau selon le cycle décrit ci- dessus qui démarre par le régime soufflant.When the temperature of the room drops " below the set temperature, the switch 15a closes again, so that the element 41 starts to heat again. coil 22 is still not supplied, relay 20 remains closed so that element 42 does not heat up and turbine 5 does not work either. On the next start-up of the convector, if the relay 20 is reset, the convector operates again according to the cycle described above which starts with the fan speed.
Le dispositif de commande 25 qui vient d'être décrit assure ainsi, grâce à une conception particulièrement simple, le passage automatique du régime soufflant au régime de convection naturelle régulé en tout ou rien.The control device 25 which has just been described thus ensures, thanks to a particularly simple design, the automatic transition from the fan regime to the natural convection regime regulated in all or nothing.
Par le refroidissement relatif créé par le recyclage dans l'enceinte 1 d'une partie de l'air chaud extrait par la turbine 5, il est possible de réduire l'encombrement du convecteur décrit. Ainsi," malgré l'augmentation de puissance en régime soufflant qui accroît l'efficacité de chauffage et simultanément le confort d'utilisation, l'enceinte 1 du convecteur ne sera dimensionnée que sur la base de la puissance consommée en convection naturelle, c'est-à-dire sur la puissance minimale du convecteur. Dans la réalisation représentée sur les figures 9 etBy the relative cooling created by the recycling in the enclosure 1 of part of the hot air extracted by the turbine 5, it is possible to reduce the size of the convector described. Thus, " despite the increase in power in blowing regime which increases the heating efficiency and simultaneously the comfort of use, the enclosure 1 of the convector will only be dimensioned on the basis of the power consumed in natural convection, it that is to say on the minimum power of the convector. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and
10, l'ouverture 14a ménagée sur la paroi qui sépare la cheminée de convection du compartiment 8 est placée sous la turbine 5. Cette ouverture 14a présente une zone A (voir figure 10) adjacente à la turbine 5 par laquelle une partie de l'air est aspiré de la cheminée vers le compartiment. 8 et une zone B plus éloignée de la turbine par laquelle de l'air ex ra t par lε turbine est réinjecté dans la cheminée. On voit également sur la figure 10 que l'ouverture 14a est située près de la turbine 5 dans l'espace compris entre celle-ci et la volute 12a qui guide l'air soufflé par l turbine vers l'ouverture de sortie 7 située sur la face avant du convecteur.10, the opening 14a formed on the wall which separates the convection chimney from the compartment 8 is placed under the turbine 5. This opening 14a has a zone A (see FIG. 10) adjacent to the turbine 5 through which part of the air is drawn from the chimney to the compartment. 8 and a zone B further from the turbine by which air ex ra t by the turbine is reinjected into the chimney. It can also be seen in FIG. 10 that the opening 14a is located near the turbine 5 in the space between this and the volute 12a which guides the air blown by the turbine towards the outlet opening 7 located on the front of the convector.
La réalisation représentée sur les figures 9 et 10 fournit les meilleurs résultats. En effet sans l'ouverture 14 ci-dessous, on constate des températures excessives à la sortie de l'air chaud de la cheminée de convection. La demanderesse a étudié par des essais l'influence des zones A et B de l'ouverture 14a et a constaté que lorsque la zone B est ouverte (non masquée) on observe une diminution importante,de_ L_a__ t_empér_atι__re_-de__so_rtie ai . _The embodiment shown in Figures 9 and 10 provides the best results. Indeed without the opening 14 below, there are excessive temperatures at the outlet of the hot air from the convection chimney. The Applicant has studied by tests the influence of zones A and B of opening 14a and has found that when zone B is open (not masked) a significant decrease is observed, de_ L_a__ t_empér_atι__re_-de__so_rtie ai. _
Toutefois les meilleurs résultats sont obtenus lorsque les_zones A et B sont toutes deux ouvertes.However, the best results are obtained when les_zones A and B are both open.
Bien entendu, les zones A et B de l'ouverture 14a pourraient être sépaxées de- açon~à- créer deux- ouvertures distinctes disposées l'une au dessus de l'autre sur la paroi de sêpara'tion entre la cheminée et le compartiment 8. Of course, the areas A and B of the opening 14a could be de- sépaxées ACON ~ To- create two- discrete openings disposed one above the other on the wall of separated 'tion between the chimney and the compartment 8.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Convecteur à résistances électriques de chauffage et à deux régimes de fonctionnement, le premier étant à convection naturelle et le second de type soufflan réalisé à 1 '.aide d'un organe de soufflage (5) , ce convecte comprenant une enceinte (1) formant cheminée de convection, qui comporte une ouverture inférieure (2) d'arrivée d'air une ouverture supérieure (3) de sortie d'air, la résistancCLAIMS 1. Convector with electrical heating resistances and two operating modes, the first being natural convection and the second of the blown type produced using a blowing member (5), this convect comprising an enclosure ( 1) forming a convection chimney, which has a lower air inlet opening (2) an upper air outlet opening (3), the resistance
(4) étant disposée à l'intérieur de l'enceinte (1) en aval de l'ouverture d'arrivée d'air (2) , l'organe de soufflage(4) being arranged inside the enclosure (1) downstream of the air inlet opening (2), the blowing member
(5) étant disposé à l'intérieur de cette enceinte pour extraire, en régime soufflant, une partie (A) de l'air cha (C) formé par convection- naturelle dans -la cheminée et pou souffler une partie (S) de cet air par une ouverture additionnelle (7) de sortie d'air chaud ménagée dans l'enceinte (1) l'organe de soufflage étant une turbine (5) montée en rotation dans un compartiment (8)- comportant en regard de la turbine (5) une ouverture (9) communiquant ave l'intérieur de l'enceinte (1) , caractérisé en ce que le compartiment (8) comporte une deuxième ouverture (14, 14a) communiquant avec l'intérieur de l'enceinte (1) .(5) being disposed inside this enclosure to extract, in blowing regime, part (A) of the cha air (C) formed by natural convection in the chimney and for blowing part (S) of this air through an additional opening (7) for hot air outlet formed in the enclosure (1) the blowing member being a turbine (5) rotatably mounted in a compartment (8) - comprising facing the turbine (5) an opening (9) communicating with the interior of the enclosure (1), characterized in that the compartment (8) has a second opening (14, 14a) communicating with the interior of the enclosure (1 ).
2. Convecteur conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la disposition de l'ouverture (14, 14a) par rapport à la turbine (5) est telle qu'une partie a moins de l'air extrait par la turbine est réinjecté dans la cheminée par cette ouverture (14, 14a) .2. Convector according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement of the opening (14, 14a) with respect to the turbine (5) is such that at least part of the air extracted by the turbine is reinjected in the chimney through this opening (14, 14a).
3. Convecteur conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la disposition de l'ouverture (14a) par rapport à la turbine (5) est telle qu'une partie au moins de l'air chaud formé dans la cheminée est aspiré dans le compartiment (8) par cette ouverture (14a) .3. Convector according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement of the opening (14a) with respect to the turbine (5) is such that at least part of the hot air formed in the chimney is drawn into the compartment (8) through this opening (14a).
4. Convecteur conforme à la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la disposition précitée est telle que l'ouverture (14a) comporte une zone (A) adjacente à la turbine par laquelle une partie de l'air est aspiré de la cheminée vers le compartiment (8) et une zone (B) éloigné de la turbine par laquelle de l 'air extrait par la turbine est réinjecté dans la cheminée.4. Convector according to claim 3, characterized in that the aforementioned arrangement is such that the opening (14a) comprises a zone (A) adjacent to the turbine through which part of the air is drawn from the chimney to the compartment (8) and a zone (B) remote from the turbine through which air extracted by the turbine is reinjected into the chimney.
5. Convecteur conforme à la revendication 4, "caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (14a) est située près de la turbine (5) dans l'espace compris entre celle-ci et la volute qui guide" 1"'air-soufflé~par- la- turbine-vers- - - - l'ouverture de sortie (7) .5. Convector according to claim 4, " characterized in that the opening (14a) is located near the turbine (5) in the space between it and the volute which guides " 1 " 'air-blown ~ par- la- turbine-vers- - - - the outlet opening (7).
6. Convecteur conforme à la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (14) est placée en regard de la résistance de chauffage.6. Convector according to claim 2, characterized in that the opening (14) is placed opposite the heating resistance.
7. Convecteur conforme à la revendication 6, la turbine (5) étant disposée dans le compartiment (8) de manière à souffler l'air (A) extrait de l'enceinte (1) vers la partie inférieure de ce compartiment, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture additionnelle (7) de sortie d'air chaud est située sur une face du compartiment (8) située en regard de la turbine (5) dans la partie inférieure de ce compartiment.7. Convector according to claim 6, the turbine (5) being disposed in the compartment (8) so as to blow the air (A) extracted from the enclosure (1) towards the lower part of this compartment, characterized in that the additional opening (7) for hot air outlet is located on one face of the compartment (8) located opposite the turbine (5) in the lower part of this compartment.
8. Convecteur électrique conforme à l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la part (R) du flux d'air réinjecté dans l'enceinte (1) au niveau de la résistance de chauffage (4) représente dix à vingt pour-cen du flux d'air (A) dérivé dans le compartiment (8) .8. Electric convector according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the part (R) of the air flow reinjected into the enclosure (1) at the heating resistance (4) represents ten to twenty percent of the flow of air (A) derived in the compartment (8).
9. Convecteur électrique conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la puissance de chauffage en régime soufflant est supérieure à celle en régime de convection naturelle, caractérisé en ce que l'enceinte (1) du convecteur est dimensionnée pour la puissance de chauffage en régime de convection naturelle.9. Electric convector according to one of the preceding claims, in which the heating power in blowing regime is greater than that in natural convection regime, characterized in that the enclosure (1) of the convector is dimensioned for the power of heating in natural convection mode.
10. Dispositif de commande pour convecteur électrique conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à '9, ce dispositif (25) comprenant un thermostat (15, 15a) interconnecté entre la source d'alimentation (S) et la résistance de chauffage (4) 7 -celle-ci comprenant deux- éléments chauffants (41, 42) dont l'un (42) est alimenté seulement en régime soufflant de ce convecteur, caractérisé en ce qu'un limiteur de température (18) est interconnecté entre la source (S) et ledit élément chauffant (42) aliment seulement en régime soufflant du convecteur, ce limiteur de température étant sensible à 1 ' échauffement d'une résistanc (17) de forte valeur ohmique pour couper l'alimentation de cet élément chauffant (42) lors de la première ouverture de l'interrupteur (15a) du thermostat (15) .10. Control device for an electric convector according to one of claims 1 to ' 9, this device (25) comprising a thermostat (15, 15a) interconnected between the power source (S) and the heating resistor (4 ) 7 -this comprising two- heating elements (41, 42) one of which (42) is supplied only in the fan mode of this convector, characterized in that a temperature limiter (18) is interconnected between the source (S) and said heating element (42) food only in the fan convection mode, this temperature limiter being sensitive to the heating of a resistance (17) of high ohmic value to cut the supply of this heating element (42 ) when the thermostat switch (15a) is first opened (15).
11. Dispositif de commande conforme à la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la résistance (17) est reliée en série avec un autre limiteur de température11. Control device according to claim 10, characterized in that the resistor (17) is connected in series with another temperature limiter
(16) lui-même raccordé entre le thermostat (15, 15a) et l'élément (41) tandis que l'autre borne de la résistance(16) itself connected between the thermostat (15, 15a) and the element (41) while the other terminal of the resistance
(17) est raccordée entre le limiteur (18) et l'élément (42) . (17) is connected between the limiter (18) and the element (42).
12. Dispositif de commande pour convecteur électrique conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 9, ce dispositif (25) comprenant un thermostat (15, 15a) interconnecté entre la source d'alimentation (S) et la résistance de chauffage (4) , celle-ci comprenant deux •éléments chauffants (41, 42) dont l'un est alimenté seulement en régime soufflant du convecteur, caractérisé en ce qu'un relais rearmable (20) est interconnecté entre le thermostat (15a) et ledit élément chauffant (42) alimenté seulement en régime soufflant du convecteur, la bobine (22) de ce relais (20) étant montée en parallèle sur l'élément (42) de manière que le relais (20) s'ouvre pour couper ___.' alimentation-.de-J.J_eJ.em.ent (42) lors de la première ouverture de l'interrupteur (15a) du thermostat (15) . 12. Control device for an electric convector according to one of claims 1 to 9, this device (25) comprising a thermostat (15, 15a) interconnected between the power source (S) and the heating resistor (4) , this comprising two • heating elements (41, 42), one of which is supplied only in fan convection mode, characterized in that a resettable relay (20) is interconnected between the thermostat (15a) and said heating element (42) supplied only in fan convection mode, the coil (22) of this relay (20) being mounted in parallel on the element (42) so that the relay (20) opens to cut ___. ' food-.de-J.J_eJ.em.ent (42) during the first opening of the switch (15a) of the thermostat (15).
13. Dispositif de commande conforme à l'une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de soufflage -(5,-6) est alimenté en parallèle avec l'élément chauffant (42) alimenté seulement en régime soufflant du convecteur. 14- Dispositif de commande conforme à l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le thermostat (15) est disposé dans le compartiment (8) de manière à ne pas être influencé par le flux d'air chaud soufflé par la turbine (5) . 13. Control device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the blowing member - (5, -6) is supplied in parallel with the heating element (42) supplied only in blowing regime of convector. 14- Control device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the thermostat (15) is arranged in the compartment (8) so as not to be influenced by the flow of hot air blown by the turbine (5).
EP88900027A 1986-12-10 1987-12-09 Electric heating convector with double operation mode Withdrawn EP0292531A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8617280 1986-12-10
FR8617280A FR2608259B1 (en) 1986-12-10 1986-12-10 DUAL RUN ELECTRIC HEATER CONVECTOR

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0292531A1 true EP0292531A1 (en) 1988-11-30

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ID=9341754

Family Applications (2)

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EP88900232A Withdrawn EP0292547A1 (en) 1986-12-10 1987-12-09 Control device for heating apparatus having two operation modes
EP88900027A Withdrawn EP0292531A1 (en) 1986-12-10 1987-12-09 Electric heating convector with double operation mode

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88900232A Withdrawn EP0292547A1 (en) 1986-12-10 1987-12-09 Control device for heating apparatus having two operation modes

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US (2) US4912300A (en)
EP (2) EP0292547A1 (en)
ES (2) ES2005971A6 (en)
FR (1) FR2608259B1 (en)
GR (2) GR871870B (en)
PT (2) PT86327A (en)
WO (2) WO1988004448A1 (en)

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US4912300A (en) 1990-03-27
EP0292547A1 (en) 1988-11-30
PT86327A (en) 1989-01-17
WO1988004393A3 (en) 1988-07-14
ES2005971A6 (en) 1989-04-01
FR2608259A1 (en) 1988-06-17
ES2005970A6 (en) 1989-04-01
GR871870B (en) 1988-04-01
WO1988004393A2 (en) 1988-06-16
PT86326A (en) 1989-01-17
WO1988004448A1 (en) 1988-06-16
GR871869B (en) 1988-03-31
FR2608259B1 (en) 1989-03-31
US4888469A (en) 1989-12-19

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