EP0291757A1 - Apparatus for determining the burden profile in a shaft furnace - Google Patents

Apparatus for determining the burden profile in a shaft furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0291757A1
EP0291757A1 EP88107054A EP88107054A EP0291757A1 EP 0291757 A1 EP0291757 A1 EP 0291757A1 EP 88107054 A EP88107054 A EP 88107054A EP 88107054 A EP88107054 A EP 88107054A EP 0291757 A1 EP0291757 A1 EP 0291757A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
pipe lance
möller
lance
shaft furnace
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP88107054A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0291757B1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Otto Ing.Grad. Kreuz
Hans Jochen Dipl.-Ing. Grisse
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Dango and Dienenthal Maschinenbau GmbH
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Dango and Dienenthal Maschinenbau GmbH
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Publication of EP0291757A1 publication Critical patent/EP0291757A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/24—Test rods or other checking devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • DE-OS 32 33 986 shows a generic device for determining the Möller profile in a shaft furnace, in which a counterweight attached to a strand running in the pipe lance is provided with a measuring head.
  • the disadvantages of purely mechanical scanning of the Möller surface are also described in this publication, e.g. Penetration of the fill of rubble, thereby changing it, slipping on slope slopes on the surface of the rubble, thereby falsifying the surface appearance.
  • the device according to DE-OS 32 33 986 avoids these disadvantages, but it can only be scanned over a radius, so that a topography of the total surface of the furniture is not obtained. To do this, several probes would have to be inserted at an angle to one another.
  • a pivotable radar probe is known from EP 0 017 664 which is inserted vertically into the furnace at the furnace head and can be pivoted in the retracted position over a limited angular range about the axis of the retracted pipe lance. But even with this device, surface areas remain that are not scanned. The area scanned is practically only a ring segment of a defined width. Another The disadvantage is the constantly different impact angles on the Möller surface, which leads to a distorted image of the surface, since the device must be arranged very eccentrically to the center of the furnace because of the furnace loading device in the furnace head, so that a certain symmetry is missing for the evaluation.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned, with which an unadulterated image of the entire Möller surface profile can be easily obtained by computer.
  • a frame 5 with a pipe lance 6 rests on supports 3 on the one hand and a console 4 on the blast furnace 2 on the other hand, which has a crosshead 7 with rollers 8 in the frame 5 is guided.
  • a pipe socket with a flange 10 and a bearing bush 11 is located on the blast furnace 2 as a lance duct 9.
  • the flange 10 is provided with a gate valve 12, a seal 13 and a compensator 14.
  • the pipe lance 6 is moved, for example, with the aid of a pressure medium cylinder 15 in the frame 5.
  • a radar device 16 with an antenna 17 and a radar head 18, which is connected to a control box 20 via a cable 19.
  • the pipe lance 6 can be pivoted by means of a motor 21 via a pinion 22 and a toothed wheel 23 in a bearing 24 about its longitudinal axis by angle alpha to both sides of the vertical plane 25 running through the longitudinal axis (see FIG. 6), so that when the Pipe lance 6 is scanned into the furnace 2 by the pivoting movements of the same, the Möller surface 26.
  • the surface profile is made visible on a screen or recorded topographically and can also be entered in the automatic blast furnace control.
  • This scanning option extends to the middle of the furnace 2.
  • the radar head 18 or the antenna 17 is gradually swiveled forward to an angle beta in addition to the swiveling movement alpha of the pipe lance 6 (see FIG 5), so that the profile of the entire Möller surface 26 is detected.
  • the dashed arrows 27 in FIGS. 5 to 7 show the radar beam directions in the extreme pivot positions. In practice, it will often be sufficient to scan the Möller surface on a right-angled "crosshair", ie the pipe lance 6, with the radar beam directed vertically downwards, is first moved into the middle of the furnace 2; a radius is scanned.
  • the arrangement can also be made such that both the swiveling movements over alpha and those over beta are carried out by the radar antenna 17 alone in the corresponding directions, as by arrows 27 in FIGS. 5 to 7 indicated, is pivoted.
  • the drive or drives for the radar antenna 17 is or are not shown.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

2.1. Bekannte Vorrichtungen dieser Art mit Sensoren zum mechanischen oder berührungslosen Abtasten der Mölleroberfläche eines Schachtofens, z.B. Hochofens, erfassen nur einen Radius oder einen Teilbereich der Oberfläche. Dies ergibt ein ungenaues bzw. verfälschtes Oberflächenabbild. 2.2. Um die gesamte Mölleroberfläche zumindest über ein rechtwinkliges Fadenkreuz hinweg abtasten zu können, ist am vorderen Ende einer radial in den Ofen einfahrbaren Rohrlanze eine Radareinrichtung angeordnet, deren Strahlrichtung sowohl um die Längsachse der Rohrlanze beidseitig in einem vorgegebenen Winkel als auch um eine senkrecht dazu verlaufende Querachse etwa um den gleichen Winkel nach vorne schwenkbar ist. 2.3. Die Vorrichtung eignet sich sowohl zum fadenkreuzförmigen als auch zum zeilenweisen Abtasten der gesamten Mölleroberfläche, und ihre Abtastergebnisse können sichtbar gemacht und auch in die automatische Steuerung des Schachtofens eingegeben werden.2.1. Known devices of this type with sensors for mechanical or non-contact scanning of the Möller surface of a shaft furnace, e.g. Blast furnace, capture only a radius or a portion of the surface. This results in an inaccurate or falsified surface image. 2.2. In order to be able to scan the entire Möller surface, at least over a right-angled crosshair, a radar device is arranged at the front end of a pipe lance that can be inserted radially into the furnace, the direction of the beam of which extends both around the longitudinal axis of the pipe lance at a predetermined angle on both sides and around a transverse axis running perpendicular to it is pivotable forward about the same angle. 2.3. The device is suitable for crosshair-shaped as well as line-by-line scanning of the entire Möller surface, and its scanning results can be made visible and also entered into the automatic control of the shaft furnace.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung.The invention relates to a device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Für einen optimalen Betrieb eines Schachtofens, insbesondere Hochofens, ist u.a. eine genaue Kenntnis des Möller-Oberflächenprofils wichtig, wobei insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Automatisierung von Großhochöfen eine den Gegebenheiten gerecht werdende Auswertung dieser Kenntnis möglich sein muß, mit dem Ziel, eine möglichst gleichmäßige Ofenbeschickung und ein reproduzierbares Oberflächenprofil des Möllers zu erhalten.For optimal operation of a shaft furnace, especially a blast furnace, A precise knowledge of the Möller surface profile is important, especially in view of the automation of large blast furnaces, it must be possible to evaluate this knowledge in a way that is appropriate to the circumstances, with the aim of obtaining a furnace feed that is as uniform as possible and a reproducible surface profile of the Moller.

Die DE-OS 32 33 986 zeigt eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen des Möllerprofils in einem Schachtofen, bei der ein an einem in der Rohrlanze verlaufenden Strang befestigtes Senkgewicht mit einem Meßkopf vorgesehen ist. In dieser Druckschrift werden auch die Nachteile rein mechanischer Abtastung der Mölleroberfläche geschildert, z.B. Eindringen in die Möllerschüttung, dadurch Veränderung derselben, Abrutschen an Böschungsschrägen an der Mölleroberfläche, dadurch Verfälschung des Oberflächenbildes. Die Vorrichtung nach DE-OS 32 33 986 vermeidet diese Nachteile zwar, aber es kann immer nur über einen Radius abgetastet werden, so daß eine Topographie der Gesamtoberfläche des Möllers nicht erhalten wird. Dazu müßten mehrere Sonden winklig zueinander eingefahren werden.DE-OS 32 33 986 shows a generic device for determining the Möller profile in a shaft furnace, in which a counterweight attached to a strand running in the pipe lance is provided with a measuring head. The disadvantages of purely mechanical scanning of the Möller surface are also described in this publication, e.g. Penetration of the fill of rubble, thereby changing it, slipping on slope slopes on the surface of the rubble, thereby falsifying the surface appearance. The device according to DE-OS 32 33 986 avoids these disadvantages, but it can only be scanned over a radius, so that a topography of the total surface of the furniture is not obtained. To do this, several probes would have to be inserted at an angle to one another.

Es ist eine schwenkbare Radarsonde aus EP 0 017 664 bekannt, die am Ofenkopf lotrecht in den Ofen eingefahren wird und in eingefahrener Stellung über einen begrenzten Winkelbereich um die Achse der eingefahrenen Rohrlanze schwenkbar ist. Aber auch bei dieser Vorrichtung bleiben Flächenbereiche übrig, die nicht abgetastet werden. Der abgetastete Bereich ist praktisch nur ein Ringsegment von festgelegter Breite. Ein weiterer Nachteil sind die ständig anderen Aufprallwinkel auf der Mölleroberfläche, was zu einem verzerrten Abbild der Oberfläche führt, da die Vorrichtung wegen der Ofenbeschickungseinrichtung im Ofenkopf stark exzentrisch zur Ofenmitte angeordnet werden muß, so daß für die Auswertung eine gewisse Symmetrie fehlt.A pivotable radar probe is known from EP 0 017 664 which is inserted vertically into the furnace at the furnace head and can be pivoted in the retracted position over a limited angular range about the axis of the retracted pipe lance. But even with this device, surface areas remain that are not scanned. The area scanned is practically only a ring segment of a defined width. Another The disadvantage is the constantly different impact angles on the Möller surface, which leads to a distorted image of the surface, since the device must be arranged very eccentrically to the center of the furnace because of the furnace loading device in the furnace head, so that a certain symmetry is missing for the evaluation.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Gattung zu schaffen, mit der ein computermäßig ohne weiteres zu erstellendes unverfälschtes Abbild des gesamten Möller-Oberflächenprofils erzielt wird.The invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned, with which an unadulterated image of the entire Möller surface profile can be easily obtained by computer.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Kennzeichnungsmerkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of patent claim 1. Appropriate further training can be found in the subclaims.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt. Dabei zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht derselben,
  • Fig. 3 eine gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerte Seitenansicht des vorderen und hinteren Teils der Vorrichtung,
  • Fig. 4 eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles IV in Fig. 3 und die
  • Fign. 5 bis 7 schematisch den Abtastvorgang in drei verschiedenen Ansichten.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown. Show
  • 1 is a side view of the device,
  • 2 is a plan view of the same,
  • 3 an enlarged side view of the front and rear part of the device compared to FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 4 is a view in the direction of arrow IV in Fig. 3 and
  • Fig. 5 to 7 schematically show the scanning process in three different views.

Auf einer Plattform 1 an einem Hochofen 2, von dem lediglich die eine Hälfte des Ofenkopfs dargestellt ist, ruht auf Stützen 3 einerseits sowie einer Konsole 4 am Hochofen 2 andererseits ein Rahmen 5 mit einer Rohrlanze 6, die über ein Querhaupt 7 mit Rollen 8 in dem Rahmen 5 verfahrbar geführt ist. Am Hochofen 2 befindet sich als Lanzendurchführung 9 ein Rohrstutzen mit einem Flansch 10 und einer Lagerbüchse 11. Der Flansch 10 ist mit einem Absperrschieber 12, einer Dichtung 13 und einem Kompensator 14 versehen.On a platform 1 on a blast furnace 2, of which only half of the furnace head is shown, a frame 5 with a pipe lance 6 rests on supports 3 on the one hand and a console 4 on the blast furnace 2 on the other hand, which has a crosshead 7 with rollers 8 in the frame 5 is guided. A pipe socket with a flange 10 and a bearing bush 11 is located on the blast furnace 2 as a lance duct 9. The flange 10 is provided with a gate valve 12, a seal 13 and a compensator 14.

Die Rohrlanze 6 wird beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines Druckmittelzylinders 15 im Rahmen 5 verfahren. Im vorderen Ende der Lanze befindet sich eine Radareinrichtung 16 mit einer Antenne 17 und einem Radarkopf 18, der über ein Kabel 19 mit einem Steuerkasten 20 verbunden ist. Die Rohrlanze 6 ist mittels eines Motors 21 über ein Ritzel 22 und ein Zahnrad 23 in einem Lager 24 um ihre Längsachse um Winkel alpha nach beiden Seiten der durch die Längsachse verlaufenden lotrechten Ebene 25 (siehe Fig. 6) schwenkbar, so daß beim Einfahren der Rohrlanze 6 in den Ofen 2 durch die Schwenkbewegungen derselben die Mölleroberfläche 26 abgetastet wird. Das Oberflächenprofil wird auf einem Bildschirm sichtbar gemacht oder topographisch aufgezeichnet und kann auch in die automatische Hochofensteuerung eingegeben werden.The pipe lance 6 is moved, for example, with the aid of a pressure medium cylinder 15 in the frame 5. In the front end of the lance there is a radar device 16 with an antenna 17 and a radar head 18, which is connected to a control box 20 via a cable 19. The pipe lance 6 can be pivoted by means of a motor 21 via a pinion 22 and a toothed wheel 23 in a bearing 24 about its longitudinal axis by angle alpha to both sides of the vertical plane 25 running through the longitudinal axis (see FIG. 6), so that when the Pipe lance 6 is scanned into the furnace 2 by the pivoting movements of the same, the Möller surface 26. The surface profile is made visible on a screen or recorded topographically and can also be entered in the automatic blast furnace control.

Diese Abtastmöglichkeit reicht bis zur Mitte des Ofens 2. Um auch die vor dem Lanzenende liegende Hälfte der Mölleroberfläche abzutasten, wird der Radarkopf 18 oder die Antenne 17 zusätzlich zu der Schwenkbewegung alpha der Rohrlanze 6 allmählich bis zu einem Winkel beta nach vorne geschwenkt (siehe Fig. 5), so daß das Profil der gesamten Mölleroberfläche 26 erfaßt wird. Die gestrichelten Pfeile 27 in den Fign. 5 bis 7 zeigen die Radar-Strahlrichtungen in den äußersten Schwenkstellungen. In der Praxis wird es vielfach genügen, die Mölleroberfläche auf einem rechtwinkligen "Fadenkreuz" abzutasten, d.h. die Rohrlanze 6 wird, mit dem Radarstrahl senkrecht nach unten gerichtet, zunächst bis in die Mitte des Ofens 2 eingefahren; dabei wird ein Radius abgetastet. Dann kann entweder die Verlängerung dieses Radius bis zum Gesamtdurchmesser durch Schwenken über den Winkel beta und nach Rückstellung dieser Schwenkbewegung durch Schwenken über die Winkel alpha nach rechts und links der senkrecht zum ersterwähnten Durchmesser verlaufende Durchmesser abgetastet werden, oder das seitliche Schwenken über alpha erfolgt vor dem Schwenken des Radarstrahls nach vorne über beta.This scanning option extends to the middle of the furnace 2. In order to also scan the half of the Möller surface lying in front of the lance end, the radar head 18 or the antenna 17 is gradually swiveled forward to an angle beta in addition to the swiveling movement alpha of the pipe lance 6 (see FIG 5), so that the profile of the entire Möller surface 26 is detected. The dashed arrows 27 in FIGS. 5 to 7 show the radar beam directions in the extreme pivot positions. In practice, it will often be sufficient to scan the Möller surface on a right-angled "crosshair", ie the pipe lance 6, with the radar beam directed vertically downwards, is first moved into the middle of the furnace 2; a radius is scanned. Then either the extension of this radius up to the total diameter by swiveling through the angle beta and after resetting this swiveling movement by swiveling through the angles alpha to the right and left of the diameter perpendicular to the first-mentioned diameter, or the lateral swiveling via alpha takes place before Swiveling the radar beam forward over beta.

Statt die Schwenkbewegungen über die Winkel alpha durch Drehen der gesamten Rohrlanze 6 herbeizuführen, kann die Anordnung auch so getroffen werden, daß sowohl die Schwenkbewegungen über alpha als auch diejenigen über beta dadurch ausgeführt werden, daß die Radarantenne 17 alleine in die entsprechenden Richtungen, wie durch die Pfeile 27 in den Fign. 5 bis 7 angedeutet, geschwenkt wird. Der Antrieb bzw. die Antriebe für die Radarantenne 17 ist bzw. sind nicht dargestellt.Instead of causing the swiveling movements over the angles alpha by rotating the entire pipe lance 6, the arrangement can also be made such that both the swiveling movements over alpha and those over beta are carried out by the radar antenna 17 alone in the corresponding directions, as by arrows 27 in FIGS. 5 to 7 indicated, is pivoted. The drive or drives for the radar antenna 17 is or are not shown.

Claims (4)

1. Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen des Schüttprofils in einem Schachtofen mit einer über eine Rohrlanze radial in den Ofen einfahrbaren, die Oberfläche des Schüttgutes berührungslos abtastenden Meßeinrichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am vorderen Ende der Rohrlanze (6) eine Radareinrichtung (16) angeordnet ist, deren Strahlrichtung (27) sowohl um die Längsachse der Rohrlanze (6) beidseitig in einem Winkel (alpha) als auch um eine senkrecht dazu verlaufende Querachse in einem Winkel (beta) nach vorne schwenkbar ist.1. Device for determining the bulk profile in a shaft furnace with a radially retractable into the furnace via a pipe lance, the surface of the bulk material contactlessly scanning measuring device, characterized in that a radar device (16) is arranged at the front end of the pipe lance (6), the The direction of the beam (27) can be pivoted forwards both at an angle (alpha) about the longitudinal axis of the pipe lance (6) on both sides and also at an angle (beta) about a transverse axis running perpendicular thereto. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rohrlanze (6) um ihre Längsachse schwenkbar gelagert ist und daß sich der Antrieb für das Schwenken der Strahlrichtung (27) nach vorne (Winkel beta) im Radarkopf (18) bzw. an der Rohrlanze (6) befindet.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular lance (6) is pivotally mounted about its longitudinal axis and that the drive for pivoting the beam direction (27) to the front (angle beta) in the radar head (18) or on the Pipe lance (6) is located. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich beide Antriebe für beide Schwenkbewegungen im Radarkopf (18) bzw. an der Rohrlanze (6) befinden.3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that both drives for both pivoting movements in the radar head (18) or on the pipe lance (6). 4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nur die Antenne (17) der Radareinrichtung (16) schwenkbar ist.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that only the antenna (17) of the radar device (16) is pivotable.
EP88107054A 1987-05-12 1988-05-03 Apparatus for determining the burden profile in a shaft furnace Expired - Lifetime EP0291757B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3715762 1987-05-12
DE19873715762 DE3715762A1 (en) 1987-05-12 1987-05-12 DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE BUBBLE PROFILE IN A SHAFT OVEN

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EP0291757A1 true EP0291757A1 (en) 1988-11-23
EP0291757B1 EP0291757B1 (en) 1991-10-30

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2651567A1 (en) * 1989-09-07 1991-03-08 Wurth Paul Sa
US6261513B1 (en) 1997-01-29 2001-07-17 Paul Wurth, S.A. Device for directly monitoring the charging process on the inside of a shaft furnace
DE102008064142A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-07-01 Z & J Technologies Gmbh Measuring device and measuring method for a blast furnace, blast furnace with such a device and pivoting device for at least one measuring probe
EP2564141B1 (en) 2010-04-26 2016-04-06 Hatch Ltd Measurement of charge bank level in a metallurgical furnace
US10877144B2 (en) 2014-01-20 2020-12-29 Tmt Tapping-Measuring-Technology Sarl Device for determining the topography of the burden surface in a shaft furnace
EP3978633A4 (en) * 2019-05-31 2023-06-28 Wadeco Co., Ltd. Surface profile detection device for blast furnace charge and operation method

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DE4238704A1 (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-05-19 Dango & Dienenthal Maschbau Device for measuring the bulk profile in a shaft furnace
US6130637A (en) * 1998-08-18 2000-10-10 Usx Corporation Measuring the thickness of hot slag in steelmaking
US6166681A (en) * 1998-08-18 2000-12-26 Usx Corporation Measuring the thickness of materials
AT508369B1 (en) 2009-06-17 2011-01-15 Vatron Gmbh METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CALCULATING A SURFACE OF A CONTAINER OF A CONTAINER
TWI412598B (en) * 2010-02-05 2013-10-21 China Steel Corp Design method of standing blast furnace material
JP6573323B2 (en) * 2016-03-25 2019-09-11 株式会社Ｗａｄｅｃｏ Surface detection apparatus and detection method for blast furnace charge
JP6770738B2 (en) * 2016-09-23 2020-10-21 株式会社Ｗａｄｅｃｏ Surface detector for blast furnace

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EP0012311A1 (en) * 1978-12-12 1980-06-25 Paul Wurth S.A. Apparatus for mounting a radar probe in shaft furnaces
US4219814A (en) * 1978-12-26 1980-08-26 Rca Corporation Scanning radar
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2651567A1 (en) * 1989-09-07 1991-03-08 Wurth Paul Sa
US5043735A (en) * 1989-09-07 1991-08-27 Paul Wurth S. A. Device for determining the topographic map of the loading surface of a shaft furnace
BE1004561A3 (en) * 1989-09-07 1992-12-15 Wurth Paul Sa Determining the device geographical map of the surface of a load furnace tank.
TR25761A (en) * 1989-09-07 1993-09-01 Paul Wurth S A 2 Mmtc Inc 1 THE DESIGN THAT CREATES THE TOPOGRAPHIC SPREAD OF THE LOADING SURFACE IN A VERTICAL OVEN
DE4027975C2 (en) * 1989-09-07 1999-10-14 Wurth Paul Sa Device for determining the topography of the surface of a shaft furnace
US6261513B1 (en) 1997-01-29 2001-07-17 Paul Wurth, S.A. Device for directly monitoring the charging process on the inside of a shaft furnace
DE102008064142A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-07-01 Z & J Technologies Gmbh Measuring device and measuring method for a blast furnace, blast furnace with such a device and pivoting device for at least one measuring probe
EP2564141B1 (en) 2010-04-26 2016-04-06 Hatch Ltd Measurement of charge bank level in a metallurgical furnace
US10877144B2 (en) 2014-01-20 2020-12-29 Tmt Tapping-Measuring-Technology Sarl Device for determining the topography of the burden surface in a shaft furnace
EP3978633A4 (en) * 2019-05-31 2023-06-28 Wadeco Co., Ltd. Surface profile detection device for blast furnace charge and operation method
US11891672B2 (en) 2019-05-31 2024-02-06 Wadeco Co., Ltd. Surface profile detection apparatus of burden in blast furnace and operation method comprising an angle fixed reflection plate to transmit the detection wave from an antenna to the reflection surface of an angle variable reflection plate

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US4858892A (en) 1989-08-22
DE3715762A1 (en) 1988-11-24
EP0291757B1 (en) 1991-10-30

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