EP0291215A2 - Anziehen einer Dichtungsverbindung - Google Patents

Anziehen einer Dichtungsverbindung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0291215A2
EP0291215A2 EP88303962A EP88303962A EP0291215A2 EP 0291215 A2 EP0291215 A2 EP 0291215A2 EP 88303962 A EP88303962 A EP 88303962A EP 88303962 A EP88303962 A EP 88303962A EP 0291215 A2 EP0291215 A2 EP 0291215A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torque
preselected
fastener
drive system
time
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88303962A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0291215A3 (de
Inventor
Heinz Gaenssle
Edwin E. Rice
Kenneth D. Abramson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ingersoll Rand Co
Original Assignee
Ingersoll Rand Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ingersoll Rand Co filed Critical Ingersoll Rand Co
Publication of EP0291215A2 publication Critical patent/EP0291215A2/de
Publication of EP0291215A3 publication Critical patent/EP0291215A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/147—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for electrically operated wrenches or screwdrivers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fastener tightening systems for gasketed joints. More specifically it relates to electrically powered torquing and retorquing systems utilized to tighten a threaded fastener joint which includes a gasket.
  • a gasket of a given material has a fixed rate of compression or flow proportional to the applied pressure.
  • Most gaskets are used as sealers between two adjoining surfaces. The two surfaces are typically secured to each other through the use of fasteners such as threaded bolts.
  • Gasket compression occurs when the fasteners are tensioned to a specified torque thereby causing pressure to be applied to the gasket.
  • the fastener driving device is turned off. Once the gasket tightening process is terminated, the gasket will continue to compress or flow until the gasket's resistance to flow under pressure equals the applied pressure. The net result is that over a short period of time, the tension originally applied to a fastener may drop to 60% or less of the original value. This loss of fastener tension results in fasteners that are loose and ineffective gasket seals.
  • a first method is the sustained power method. This method tightens a fastener to a control limit and then maintains power on the drive system at a level sufficient to maintain the control limit level over a predetermined period of time. The method achieves success because as a gasket flows and fastener tension relaxes, the drive system will turn the fastener in order to hold fastener tension at the desired level.
  • Another method is a pulsating torque method where the average torque applied is slightly below the desired final torque and the pulsating peaks are equal to the desired final torque.
  • a third approach is to slowly bring the motor up to final torque, thus allowing the gasket to flow as the torque ramps up.
  • sustained power, pulsating torque and power ramp methods achieve acceptable tension results.
  • high power usage over relatively long periods of time are required.
  • the large power consumption over long periods of time causes undesirable heating effects.
  • the temperatures generated and power consumed can limit the duration and therefore the overall effectiveness of the tensioning process unless special motors and controls are used.
  • the drive system when tensioning a threaded fastener and gasket assembly, applies rotational force to and threadably advances the fastener while the monitor and control unit continuously compares the applied torque to a torque control limit value.
  • the torque control limit When the torque control limit is reached the drive system power is substantially reduced, preferably to zero.
  • the drive system After a preselected time pause the drive system is re-energized and applies a retorque pulse until the applied torque again reaches the torque control limit.
  • a predetermined quantity of retorque pulses have been applied, the tensioning operation is terminated.
  • the system includes an electric drive system 30 such as a brushless DC motor spindle module.
  • a torque detector 32 such as a torque transducer is provided for detecting the tightening torque applied by the drive system.
  • a turning angle detector 34 such as an angle encoder is provided for detecting the tightening turning angle.
  • a drive socket 36 transfers torque to the fastener.
  • the system also employs a microprocessor based monitor, control and display unit 42 and a microprocessor based motor control unit 44.
  • Motor control hardware and software has been designed to automatically distinguish between the normal (i.e. initial) tightening mode and the retorque mode of operation, thus allowing the systems use with previous systems.
  • a tightening parameter entry device 46 such as a hand held terminal for entering control commands, including limits, into the microprocessor.
  • the clamp force or fastener tension of the fastener is a maximum about the same time as the applied torque peaks.
  • the clamp force begins to decay until another application of torque is applied.
  • the amount of gasket relaxation following the torque pulse becomes progressively less.
  • the clamp force decay is minimal.
  • the gasket has been compressed to a point where time dependent relaxation is minimal.
  • the power to the motor is substantially reduced, preferably to zero. This results in a considerable reduction of power applied to the drive system during a typical retorque fastening cycle. Along with the power reduction, a significant reduction in motor heating is realized when compared with the power ramp, pulsating torque or sustained power methods.
  • the microprocessor based monitor and control unit 42 has been designed to monitor and control the re-torquing process. Maximum applied torque, time between successive full torque applications and number of torque applications are user programmable parameters. This permits considerable flexibility in control of the retorquing process. Finally, peak torque and total accumulated angle of rotation are monitored and displayed for each fastener tightening application of the retorquing process. Information regarding total angle of rotation of a fastener and peak torque achieved for the overall tightening operation is made available for quality control purposes.
  • control limits for torque, pause time between torque applications, and number of torque pulse applications are entered into the monitor and control unit's memory via the hand held terminal.
  • the drive system is energized and the tightening cycle begins.
  • the drive system applies torque to the fastener until the torque control limit is reached, in S3.
  • the monitor and control unit issues a stop drive command, S4.
  • Electronic braking is engaged on the drive system and maintained until the programmed pause time has elapsed, S5.
  • the number of pulses is compared to the pulse number limit in S6. (Alternatively, the total elapsed time from the initial start command may be compared to the total retorquing time limit). If the pulse number limit (or alternatively the total time limit) has not been achieved, the cycle returns to S2 and repeats through S6. If the limit is achieved, a signal is sent to the motor control that the drive cycle is complete, S7. Optionally at this point, the peak torque, total angle of rotation or other diagnostic information may be displayed.
  • the gasket continues to flow and fastener tension relaxes.
  • the fastener will rotate in order to achieve the tension resulting from the retightening to the torque control limit. Rotation becomes less for each subsequent torque pulse as the gasket's resistance to flow becomes greater with each torque pulse.
  • the angle of rotation for each torque pulse is accumulated and stored as is the peak torque achieved.
  • the overall peak torque and the total accumulated angle of rotation of the fastener are stored and displayed.
  • One unique feature of the system is its ability to distinguish between successive retorques and the start of a new cycle thereby providing a method for saving valuable information regarding peak torque and total accumulated angle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
EP88303962A 1987-05-11 1988-04-29 Anziehen einer Dichtungsverbindung Withdrawn EP0291215A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US4844287A 1987-05-11 1987-05-11
US48442 1987-05-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0291215A2 true EP0291215A2 (de) 1988-11-17
EP0291215A3 EP0291215A3 (de) 1990-01-10

Family

ID=21954605

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88303962A Withdrawn EP0291215A3 (de) 1987-05-11 1988-04-29 Anziehen einer Dichtungsverbindung

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0291215A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS6420978A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0340999A1 (de) * 1988-05-02 1989-11-08 Ingersoll-Rand Company Regelung der Dichtungsstärkeverminderung mit spannungsabhängiger Rückkopplung
EP0436843A1 (de) * 1990-01-08 1991-07-17 Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. Reduzierung einer durch Relaxation induzierter Spannungsvariation in Befestigungselementen
EP0633095A1 (de) * 1993-07-06 1995-01-11 Emhart Inc. Elektrisch betriebenes Werkzeug
WO2000038879A1 (en) * 1998-12-29 2000-07-06 Atlas Copco Tools Ab Method for pretensioning a joint containing two or more threaded fasteners
US6424799B1 (en) 1993-07-06 2002-07-23 Black & Decker Inc. Electrical power tool having a motor control circuit for providing control over the torque output of the power tool
US6479958B1 (en) 1995-01-06 2002-11-12 Black & Decker Inc. Anti-kickback and breakthrough torque control for power tool
EP3781356B1 (de) * 2018-04-18 2022-07-20 Atlas Copco Industrial Technique AB Elektrisches impulshandwerkzeug und verfahren zum spannen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020006448A (ja) * 2018-07-03 2020-01-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 検査システム

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3010044A1 (de) * 1980-03-15 1981-09-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München Verfahren zum maschinellen anziehen von schraubverbindungen, insbesondere von zylinderkopfverschraubungen an brennkraftmaschinen mit leichtmetall-zylinderkopf, und schrauber zum durchfuehren des verfahrens
DE3212038A1 (de) * 1981-03-31 1982-11-11 International Harvester Co., 60611 Chicago, Ill. Verfahren und vorrichtung zum selbsttaetigen anziehen von mit gewinde versehenen befestigungsmitteln
DE3230642A1 (de) * 1982-08-18 1984-02-23 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg Verfahren und vorrichtung zum anziehen eines ein gewinde tragenden verbindungselements

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3010044A1 (de) * 1980-03-15 1981-09-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München Verfahren zum maschinellen anziehen von schraubverbindungen, insbesondere von zylinderkopfverschraubungen an brennkraftmaschinen mit leichtmetall-zylinderkopf, und schrauber zum durchfuehren des verfahrens
DE3212038A1 (de) * 1981-03-31 1982-11-11 International Harvester Co., 60611 Chicago, Ill. Verfahren und vorrichtung zum selbsttaetigen anziehen von mit gewinde versehenen befestigungsmitteln
DE3230642A1 (de) * 1982-08-18 1984-02-23 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg Verfahren und vorrichtung zum anziehen eines ein gewinde tragenden verbindungselements

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0340999A1 (de) * 1988-05-02 1989-11-08 Ingersoll-Rand Company Regelung der Dichtungsstärkeverminderung mit spannungsabhängiger Rückkopplung
EP0436843A1 (de) * 1990-01-08 1991-07-17 Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. Reduzierung einer durch Relaxation induzierter Spannungsvariation in Befestigungselementen
EP0633095A1 (de) * 1993-07-06 1995-01-11 Emhart Inc. Elektrisch betriebenes Werkzeug
US6424799B1 (en) 1993-07-06 2002-07-23 Black & Decker Inc. Electrical power tool having a motor control circuit for providing control over the torque output of the power tool
US6836614B2 (en) 1993-07-06 2004-12-28 Black & Decker Inc. Electrical power tool having a motor control circuit for providing control over the torque output of the power tool
US7112934B2 (en) 1993-07-06 2006-09-26 Black & Decker Inc. Electrical power tool having a motor control circuit for providing control over the torque output of the power tool
US6479958B1 (en) 1995-01-06 2002-11-12 Black & Decker Inc. Anti-kickback and breakthrough torque control for power tool
WO2000038879A1 (en) * 1998-12-29 2000-07-06 Atlas Copco Tools Ab Method for pretensioning a joint containing two or more threaded fasteners
EP3781356B1 (de) * 2018-04-18 2022-07-20 Atlas Copco Industrial Technique AB Elektrisches impulshandwerkzeug und verfahren zum spannen
US11926023B2 (en) 2018-04-18 2024-03-12 Atlas Copco Industrial Technique Ab Hand held electric pulse tool and a method for tightening operations

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6420978A (en) 1989-01-24
EP0291215A3 (de) 1990-01-10

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