EP0290347B1 - Hochleistungsleuchte, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge - Google Patents

Hochleistungsleuchte, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0290347B1
EP0290347B1 EP88401103A EP88401103A EP0290347B1 EP 0290347 B1 EP0290347 B1 EP 0290347B1 EP 88401103 A EP88401103 A EP 88401103A EP 88401103 A EP88401103 A EP 88401103A EP 0290347 B1 EP0290347 B1 EP 0290347B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lens
deflecting
source
signal lamp
lamp according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88401103A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0290347A3 (en
EP0290347A2 (de
Inventor
Pierre Carel
Eric Blusseau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Vision SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Vision SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8706497A external-priority patent/FR2614969B1/fr
Application filed by Valeo Vision SAS filed Critical Valeo Vision SAS
Publication of EP0290347A2 publication Critical patent/EP0290347A2/de
Publication of EP0290347A3 publication Critical patent/EP0290347A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0290347B1 publication Critical patent/EP0290347B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/008—Combination of two or more successive refractors along an optical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/255—Filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/26—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S43/235 - F21S43/255
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/40—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the combination of reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • F21V5/045—Refractors for light sources of lens shape the lens having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a signaling light according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the known fire has a number of drawbacks.
  • the first is that it is unsuitable for producing a light with a large and homogeneous illuminating plate. More specifically, areas of the second lens that are furthest from the balloon receive, per unit of area or width, a quantity of light which is much less than that received by the areas of the second lens located just in front of the balloon .
  • the illuminating surface obtained therefore has a lack of uniformity with regard to the light intensity emitted, its regions of lateral edges radiating less light than the central region.
  • Document EP-A-0 098 062 also discloses a signaling light which includes a balloon lens which biases both the light rays emitted by the source horizontally and horizontally towards the globe.
  • the rays thus folded down by the ball are all oriented essentially parallel to the emission axis, so that it is not necessary to provide a second lens as in EP-A-0 193 294.
  • this another known fire implies that the balloon has a width substantially equal to that of the globe. Its construction is therefore in no way suitable for the production of a very wide fire.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks of the prior art.
  • a signal light comprises a source light such as a lamp 10 provided with a filament 12 of small dimensions, a first deflecting element 20 placed around and close to the source, a second deflecting element 30 of essentially flat shape and placed substantially transversely to the general direction of emission or optical axis xx of the light, as well as a closing globe (not shown).
  • a source light such as a lamp 10 provided with a filament 12 of small dimensions
  • a first deflecting element 20 placed around and close to the source
  • a second deflecting element 30 of essentially flat shape and placed substantially transversely to the general direction of emission or optical axis xx of the light, as well as a closing globe (not shown).
  • the first deflecting element 20 is here an element substantially in the form of a half-cylinder with a vertical axis passing through the filament 12 and comprising first of all on its internal surface a set of stepped ridges 22 each extending in a semicircle in a horizontal plane.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the section in question, of the "Fresnel" type.
  • the ridges 22 are stepped as indicated and shown, in the manner of a Fresnel lens, in order to reduce the size of the element and the amount of material necessary to make it.
  • the streaks 22 have the property of folding down each light ray coming from the source 12 in order to bring it back into an essentially horizontal plane (FIG. 3), without in itself affecting its orientation in bearing.
  • the deflecting element 30 preferably comprises on its inner surface, a succession of streaks 32, possibly reduced to prisms, so that all the rays coming from the element 20 are rabbatus by the element 30, while preserving the same angle of elevation substantially zero, to become substantially parallel to the x axis and thus participate in the desired concentrated beam.
  • the element constituting the globe for closing the fire preferably comprises on its inner surface a set of spherical balls or the like capable of effecting a slight diffusion of the beam of incident parallel rays, on the one hand, so that it respects a given photometry and, on the other hand, to give a good homogeneity to the beam, by eliminating in particular for an outside observer the striated aspect of the light which can be caused by the succession on the element 30 of the streaks and their spoils.
  • the elements 20, 30 and 40 have approximately the same height, equal to that of the illuminating surface of the light.
  • a first advantage of the present invention lies in the much greater recovery of the flux emitted by the filament.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown in Figure 1, in schematic form, the signaling light of Figures 1 to 3.
  • the balloon 20 is represented by a semicircle in dotted lines.
  • the globe not being illustrated, it can in certain cases be constituted by the lens 30 itself.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is also to use element 20 to convert a regular distribution of light on the angular plane, as it comes from filament 12, into a regular light distribution linearly along the inner surface of the lens 30 and therefore along the globe.
  • the balloon 20 has on its outside face the deflecting profile, constant whatever its height, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the balloon has on its inner surface, as already indicated, a set of ridges 22 in the form of horizontal semicircles, as shown in the vertical section in Figure 3, intended to deflect the light rays R6 from the filament so that they are folded up to the horizontal when arriving on the external face of the balloon as defined above.
  • each streak 24 having at least approximately the profile satisfying the distribution criterion as set out above, it will affect a quantity given light data corresponding to the angular extent that it covers vis-à-vis the source in the horizontal plane, a determined area of the globe, and it is understood that, from one streak to another, the ratio between the surface area of the concerned area of the globe and the luminous flux received is thus essentially constant.
  • FIG. 2 a set of light rays R5 has been drawn in FIG. 2 which, initially angularly equally distributed, are deflected by the balloon 20 so as to be finally equally distributed over the width of the globe.
  • the ridges 24 can each cover the same angular extent, but preferably, their respective widths are determined solely as a function of considerations relating to the thickness of the balloon, more precisely, it is fixed for the latter (in reality for its projection in the horizontal plane) a maximum thickness and a minimum thickness, and the curve is developed which meets the distribution criterion envisaged above so that, as soon as the maximum thickness (respectively minimum) is reached, a step is formed or rung, optically inert, to return to the minimum thickness (respectively maximum) and we then continue to develop the curve, and so on.
  • Each stripe is thus delimited by two successive steps, and has its own width.
  • the balloon is constituted by a set of individual deflecting elements, constituted on the inner side by a portion of one of the ridges 22 and on the outer side by a homologous portion of one of the ridges 24, each deflecting element receiving a determined quantity of luminous flux and deflecting the rays of this flux towards a biunovocally associated zone of the lens 30, so that the ratio between the flux received, proportional to the surface of said element, and the surface of said zone is essentially constant from one deflecting element to the other, that is to say that the luminance is essentially constant over the entire extent of the lens 30 and therefore of the globe.
  • the lens 30 has on its inner surface, as indicated, a set of prisms 32 with vertical generatrix. These prisms can however of course be arranged on the outer surface of the globe.
  • the set of streaks 32 may consist of a cylindrical Fresnel lens with vertical generator having a vertical focal line located at a determined distance behind the filament 12 of the lamp.
  • the ridges of curved profile 22, 24 formed inside and outside the balloon can be, as a first approximation, prisms.
  • prisms with total reflection will be provided.
  • FIG. 5 shows a first variant of this first embodiment of the invention.
  • the height of the lens 30 and of the globe or indicator is greater than that of the balloon 20, and the latter has, in axial vertical section, a curved profile whose concavity is turned towards the lamp 10, in order to recovering a higher amount of the flux emitted by the lamp up and down.
  • the flow recovered and straightened by the ball was between about -45 ° and + 45 ° on either side of the horizontal plane.
  • the recovered flux is between approximately -65 ° and + 65 °, which leads to an increase in the luminous flux.
  • the outer surface of the balloon 20 again comprises prisms or striations of the kind described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4, but which this time follow the curved profile of the balloon.
  • the horizontal ridges 22 formed inside the balloon are determined so as to each cover the same angular extent of the luminous flux from the filament, to return the considered part of the flux to an area of the globe having the same height: in FIG. 5, light rays R8 are angularly equally distributed in the vertical plane, which meet, after deviation, places of the lens 30 equally spaced in the direction of its height.
  • the relationship between the site angle ⁇ of a radius and the vertical coordinate of its meeting point with the globe, after deviation is essentially linear.
  • the homogeneity of the luminance is obtained not only in the horizontal direction of the globe, but also in the direction of its height.
  • prisms or streaks with a horizontal generator 34 are formed on the lens 30 to bring the light rays R8, emanating from the balloon 20 with a slight divergence, in a direction substantially parallel to the axis Ox.
  • These prisms can be arranged both on the interior surface and on the exterior surface of the globe.
  • intersection of the prisms 32 and 34 formed on the lens 30 will in practice give a set of prismatic blocks of determined inclinations.
  • FIG. 6 is a horizontal sectional view of another variant of this second embodiment of the invention, intended to better understand the basic principle of the invention.
  • the balloon 20 has on its inner surface streaks identical to the streaks 22 of Figures 3 and 4, but its outer surface is profiled in accordance with the theoretical calculations presented above, without stepping intended to minimize the excess thicknesses.
  • the deflecting surface 24 has, in the center region, a concave profile intended to separate the radii R9 on either side of the emission axis Ox, while the border regions are convex so instead concentrating the rays R9 towards the homologous border regions of the lens 30 and of the globe.
  • the change in the direction of deflection takes place here for an angle ⁇ of approximately 60 °.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic perspective view in which is illustrated the design of a signal light according to a second basic embodiment of the invention.
  • O indicates the location of the filament of the lamp
  • [O ', y, z] represents the plane of the closing globe
  • the balloon is diagrammed by a half-sphere of radius r.
  • each deflecting prism is constituted by the zone considered on the external surface of the balloon and by the homologous zone, in the form of a portion of sphere centered on the filament, and therefore not deviating, from its internal surface.
  • the lens 30 is subdivided into a set of elementary prismatic blocks such as 33, the prism shown operating in this case by total reflection.
  • the flux received by the deflecting block 23 is affected, and consisting of a spindle surrounding the radius R10 , at a predetermined location on the globe, corresponding approximately to block 33. More precisely, the orientation of the vector of block 23 is determined so that the initial radius R10, the orientation of which is determined by the azimuth angle ⁇ and the site angle ⁇ is deflected to meet the point of coordinates (y, z) of the globe, and the orientations of all normal vectors are determined so that there is an at least approximately linear relationship between the azimuth angle ⁇ and y, as well as possibly the site angle ⁇ and z, so that the luminance of the fire is homogeneous in the horizontal direction and if necessary (for a significant height of the exit window) in the vertical direction.
  • the ratio between the surface of a considered zone of the globe and the light flux received by this zone is essentially constant whatever the zone chosen.
  • the elementary prismatic blocks 33 can be replaced by prisms or streaks with vertical generatrix, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • FIG. 8 and 9 an embodiment of a signaling light constructed in accordance with this second aspect of the invention.
  • the individual deflecting blocks 23 of the balloon 20 are grouped into lens-shaped elements, convex lenses in the horizontal plane for border zones of the balloon and in the vertical plane for its central zone, and concave lenses in the horizontal plane for its central zone also.
  • certain blocks located in this region can be designed to deflect the rays by total reflection.
  • the prisms 33 of the lens 30 can be designed in the same way in the border regions of the latter.
  • the signal light according to the present invention may further comprise, to further improve the recovery of the light flux, a mirror 50 located at the rear of the lamp and in the general shape of a hemisphere centered on the filament 12 (with the exception of course of the circular passage intended for the base of the lamp 10).
  • a mirror 50 located at the rear of the lamp and in the general shape of a hemisphere centered on the filament 12 (with the exception of course of the circular passage intended for the base of the lamp 10).
  • a mirror 50 located at the rear of the lamp and in the general shape of a hemisphere centered on the filament 12 (with the exception of course of the circular passage intended for the base of the lamp 10).
  • a mirror 50 located at the rear of the lamp and in the general shape of a hemisphere centered on the filament 12 (with the exception of course of the circular passage intended for the base of the lamp 10).
  • Such a mirror can of course also equip the signaling light of FIGS. 1 to 3 and 8, 9.
  • the prisms or striations 32 formed on the inner surface of the lens 30 have not been shown each time in order to bring the incident light rays back in a direction essentially parallel to the direction of Ox emission.
  • the drawings have also been simplified by omitting the globe provided, where appropriate, with dispersion balls or the like.

Claims (9)

  1. Signalleuchte für Kraftfahrzeuge, enthaltend eine Lichtquelle (12) und Ablenkmittel, um die von der Lichtquelle ausgehenden Strahlen in eine im wesentlichen parallel zu einer Hauptstrahlungsrichtung (x-x) verlaufenden Richtung zu lenken, wobei die Ablenkmittel eine erste Linse (20) von allgemeiner Kolbenform enthalten, die rund um die und in Nähe der Lichtquelle angeordnet ist, sowie eine zweite Linse (30) von allgemeiner Plattenform, die vor der Lichtquelle (12) und der ersten Linse (20) quer zur Hauptstrahlungsrichtung angeordnet ist, während die erste Linse Ablenkelemente (22, 23) aufweist, um die von der Lichtquelle empfangenen Lichtstrahlen wenigstens vertikal in Richtung der genannten zweiten Linse abzulenken, und wobei die zweite Linse (30) Ablenkelemente (32, 33) aufweist, um die von der ersten Linse empfangenen Lichtstrahlen wenigstens horizontal bis in eine Richtung abzulenken, die im wesentlichen parallel zu der genannten Hauptstrahlungsrichtung (x-x) verläuft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Linse (20) außerdem Ablenkelemente (24, 23) enthält, die Flußverteiler bilden, um die homogene Verteilung der von der Quelle (12) empfangenen Lichtstrahlen vom Winkelgesichtspunkt aus in eine homogene Verteilung vom linearen Gesichtspunkt aus umzuwandeln, wobei Lichtstrahlen wenigstens in Breitenrichtung der zweiten Linse (30) auf diese treffen.
  2. Signalleuchte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablenkelemente (24, 23), die Flußverteiler bilden, eine Einheit aus vertikalen Prismen oder Rillen (24) enthalten, deren jeweilige Profile so beschaffen sind, daß sie ein im wesentlichen lineares Verhältnis zwischen dem Azimut (ϑ) eines von dem Faden (12) ausgehenden Strahls und in horizontaler Richtung der Koordinate der Stelle bewirken, wo dieser durch die erste Linse (20) abgelenkte Strahl auf die zweite Linse (30) auftrifft.
  3. Signalleuchte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablenkelemente (22, 23) der ersten Linse eine aus horizontalen Prismen oder Rillen (22) bestehende Einheit enthält, deren jeweilige Profile so beschaffen sind, daß sie ein im wesentlichen lineares Verhältnis zwischen dem Zielhöhenwinkel (β) eines von dem Faden (12) ausgehenden Strahls und in vertikaler Richtung der Koordinate der Stelle bewirken, wo dieser durch die erste Linse (20) abgelenkte Strahl auf die zweite Linse auftrifft.
  4. Signalleuchte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Linse (20) im wesentlichen die Form einer Halbkugel hat, die in eine Einheit von Ablenkelementen (33) unterteilt ist, daß die zweite Linse (30) ebenfalls in eine Einheit aus Ablenkelementen (33) unterteilt ist, daß die Ablenkelemente (23) der ersten Linse so festgelegt sind, daß ein im wesentlichen lineares Verhältnis zwischen dem Azimutwinkel (ϑ) und dem Zielhöhenwinkel (β) der von der Quelle (12) ausgehenden Strahlen und der horizontalen bzw. vertikalen Koordinate (y, z) der Punkte bewirkt wird, wo Strahlen auf die zweite Linse auftreffen, und daß die Ablenkelemente (33) der zweiten Linse die von der ersten Linse ausgehenden Strahlen in eine im wesentlichen parallel zur optischen Achse verlaufenden Richtung lenken.
  5. Signalleuchte nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Ablenkelement (33) der zweiten Linse (20) eineindeutig einem Ablenkelement (23) der ersten Linse zugeordnet ist.
  6. Signalleuchte nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste oder die zweite Linse aus eingefärbtem transparentem Material hergestellt ist.
  7. Signalleuchte nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie außerdem hinter der ersten Linse (20) und der Lichtquelle (12) einen im wesentlichen sphärischen Spiegel (50) enthält, der auf die genannte Lichtquelle zentriert ist.
  8. Signalleuchte nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie außerdem vor der zweiten Linse eine Kugel (40) enthält, die Elemente zur optischen Streuung (42) aufweisen.
  9. Signalleuchte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Linse (30) eine Kugel der Leuchte bildet.
EP88401103A 1987-05-07 1988-05-05 Hochleistungsleuchte, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge Expired - Lifetime EP0290347B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8706497 1987-05-07
FR8706497A FR2614969B1 (fr) 1987-05-07 1987-05-07 Feu de signalisation a grande plage eclairante et luminance homogene, notamment pour vehicule automobile
FR8800260 1988-01-12
FR8800260 1988-01-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0290347A2 EP0290347A2 (de) 1988-11-09
EP0290347A3 EP0290347A3 (en) 1990-01-17
EP0290347B1 true EP0290347B1 (de) 1993-10-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88401103A Expired - Lifetime EP0290347B1 (de) 1987-05-07 1988-05-05 Hochleistungsleuchte, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4859043A (de)
EP (1) EP0290347B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS63285802A (de)
DE (1) DE3884664T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2047040T3 (de)

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DE102005022979A1 (de) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-30 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Signalleuchte für Kraftfahrzeuge

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JP5914857B2 (ja) * 2012-07-27 2016-05-11 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 照明器具
DE102013204476B4 (de) 2013-03-14 2022-07-07 OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Optisches Element und optoelektronisches Bauelement mit optischem Element
DE102013110950B4 (de) * 2013-07-16 2023-04-20 Hyundai Motor Company Blinkleuchte oder Rückfahrscheinwerfer für Fahrzeuge mit einer Linse zur Lichtteilung
EP3051322B1 (de) * 2013-09-25 2019-01-30 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Lineare fresnellinsenfolie, durchlässige anzeigevorrichtung und rollenförmiges formwerkzeug zur herstellung einer linearen fresnellinsenfolie
CN103994386A (zh) * 2014-05-29 2014-08-20 江苏迅驰汽车部件有限公司 一种汽车后尾灯
KR102332243B1 (ko) 2015-01-27 2021-11-29 삼성전자주식회사 반사형 확산렌즈 및 이를 포함하는 디스플레이 장치
CN106772718B (zh) 2017-01-16 2018-11-02 广州弥德科技有限公司 菲涅尔透镜及具有该菲涅尔透镜的显示装置
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JPH0129928Y2 (de) * 1984-09-29 1989-09-12
EP0193294A3 (de) * 1985-02-22 1987-08-19 Britax Vega Limited Signalleuchte für Fahrzeuge

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1632710A2 (de) 2004-09-07 2006-03-08 Valeo Vision Streifenförmige(r) Scheinwerfer oder Signalleuchte mit einem Stufenreflektor
DE102005022979A1 (de) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-30 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Signalleuchte für Kraftfahrzeuge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3884664T2 (de) 1994-02-03
ES2047040T3 (es) 1994-02-16
EP0290347A3 (en) 1990-01-17
US4859043A (en) 1989-08-22
DE3884664D1 (de) 1993-11-11
JPS63285802A (ja) 1988-11-22
EP0290347A2 (de) 1988-11-09

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