EP0351380B1 - Optische Anlage für dauernde Lichtsignale verschiedener Farben, insbesondere für Eisenbahnsignalisierung - Google Patents

Optische Anlage für dauernde Lichtsignale verschiedener Farben, insbesondere für Eisenbahnsignalisierung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0351380B1
EP0351380B1 EP89830310A EP89830310A EP0351380B1 EP 0351380 B1 EP0351380 B1 EP 0351380B1 EP 89830310 A EP89830310 A EP 89830310A EP 89830310 A EP89830310 A EP 89830310A EP 0351380 B1 EP0351380 B1 EP 0351380B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lens
accordance
fact
aspherical lens
aspherical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89830310A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0351380A2 (de
EP0351380A3 (de
Inventor
Luigi Vannini
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LABORATORIO OTTICO FIORENTINO di VANNINI LUIGI
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LABORATORIO OTTICO FIORENTINO di VANNINI LUIGI
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Publication of EP0351380A3 publication Critical patent/EP0351380A3/de
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/095—Traffic lights
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/12—Visible signals
    • B61L5/18—Light signals; Mechanisms associated therewith, e.g. blinders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical system for signaling device with signals of variable color, permanently illuminated, in particular for railway signals.
  • the devices for permanently emitting light signals used an electro-optical-mechanical system constituted by a spherical mirror at the center of curvature of which the light source of a bulb was placed. and an aspherical lens having its focal point coinciding with the center of the light source.
  • the different colorations of the signal were obtained using several flat filters, of colored glass, arranged in series, perpendicular to the axis of the conical beam of the light rays, at a point located between the light source and the aspherical lens.
  • the selection and control of the mechanism of the color filters was obtained by means of a relay, and therefore proved to be complex and expensive, of low efficiency and leads to high energy consumption.
  • dichro ques filters arranged in an appropriate way, being able to operate in a static way the selection of the radiations coming from several light sources by switching on and off of the lamps, allow obvious energy savings and a constructive simplification.
  • Document IT-A-1-184.503 discloses a semaphore optical signaling device with static selection of the colored light produced, comprising three white light sources, three dichroic filters for three different colors, which are arranged according to three corresponding faces of a pentagonal optical prism and an external optic, constituted by a converging lens and an aspherical output lens.
  • a signaling device comprising three white light lamps, two dichroic filters for two different colors and an external optic constituted by a divergent lens and an aspherical output lens.
  • the present invention aims to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks in relation to the mechanical bulk, the brightness and the stigmatism of a signaling device with signals of variable color of the type with dichroic filters.
  • said divergent lens with a second degree surface is characterized by a spherical convex face turned towards said aspherical lens, and the center of curvature of which coincides with the focal point of said lens aspherical, and by an ellipsoidal concave face which is determined from the distance between the aspherical lens and its focal point and by the section necessary for the beam of rays coming from the parabolic mirrors.
  • the concave face is the osculating surface of the abovementioned ellipsoidal surface.
  • the intermediate diverging lens is a concave plane-hyperbolic lens with the plane face facing the dichroic filter system, with the hyperbolic concave face facing the aspherical lens and with its virtual focus coincides with that of the aspherical lens.
  • each light source and the corresponding dichro filter is interposed a colored paste filter to increase the chromatic security of the optical system and / or a spherical recovery mirror having its center of curvature coincide with the focus of the parabolic mirror in order to prevent the divergent lens from also seeing the real focus of the parabola, in addition to the virtual focus of the aspherical lens
  • the light sources consist of beams of laser rays.
  • the solution proposed by the present invention allows the production of an illumination or signaling device of variable color, in particular, but not exclusively, for railway signaling, which makes it possible to reduce the axial bulk, to increase the brightness , use lamps with more concentrated filaments or xenon lamps lower power, to reduce energy consumption, to obtain a better stigmatism, to correct possible aberrations even chromatic, especially if the diverging lens is transformed into an aspherical achromatic doublet able to correct chromatically the whole system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view in section along an axial horizontal plane, of a signaling device, according to the invention, according to a first embodiment
  • FIG 2 shows the top view of a first intermediate diverging lens (elliptical-negative meniscus) for the device of Fig 1
  • FIG 2A shows the partial sectional view along line AA of FIG. 2
  • FIG. 3 shows the top view of the detail of a second intermediate diverging lens (concave hyperbolic plane) for the device of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view in section along an axial horizontal plane, of a signaling device, according to the invention, according to a first embodiment
  • FIG 2 shows the top view of a first intermediate diverging lens (elliptical-negative meniscus) for the device of Fig 1
  • FIG 2A shows the partial sectional view along line AA of FIG. 2
  • FIG. 3 shows the top view of the detail of a second intermediate diverging lens (concave hyperbolic plane) for the device of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3A shows the partial section view along line AA of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 4 represents the geometrical diagram for the calculation of an elliptical-negative meniscus lens according to the invention;
  • FIG. 5 shows the front view of the detail of a mirror recovery for the device of Fig.1;
  • FIG. 5A shows the sectional view along line AA of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 6 represents the plan view of the detail of a parabolic mirror of maximum efficiency for the device of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6A shows the sectional view along line AA of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 7A shows the sectional view along line AA of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 8 shows the plan view of the detail of a negative planar "Fresnell"lens;
  • FIG. 8A shows the partial section view along line AA of FIG. 8.
  • the thickness of the lens "s" along the x-x axis will be between 0.2 and 15 mm.
  • the lenses can be made of optical or semi-optical glass, worked optically or semi-optically, or possibly of plastic material CR39 or any other having an index of between 1.33 and 1.95.
  • the parabolic mirrors can be produced by electroforming of nickel or the like and treated with Rhodium or the like. After determining the focal distance of the aspherical lens 9, the distance between the face 12 of the intermediate lens 11 and the planar face of the lens can be determined. aspherical lens 9 which is turned towards the dichroic filter system and this on the basis of the dimension of axial dimension desired. The intersection of said face 12 with the cone having its apex at point 10 of the system and its base on the flat face of the aspherical lens 9, determines the useful diameter of the beam of parallel rays which must come from each parabolic mirror.
  • This diameter in combination with angular connotations concerning the emission of the light source relative to its photometric solid, allows, according to a calculation scheme starting from the Descartes oval and well known to those skilled in the art, to determine the maximum relative efficiency mirror and the useful diameter of the intermediate diverging lens.
  • This diameter with the distance from the focal point of the aspherical lens, provides the basic elements for determining the curvature of the concave face 12 of the intermediate lens 11.
  • a can be fixed between 0.5 and 200 mm and the thickness "s" between 0.2 and 15 mm.
  • the face of said plane-hyperbolic lens 14 which faces the aspherical lens 9 can advantageously be of the "Fresnell" type with the prismatic elements positioned so as to obtain the desired diverging effect (FIGS. 8 and 8A).
  • the convex face of the diverging lens 11 is treated at least with a monomolecular layer of magnesium fluoride (Mg F2), in particular in the case of non-exuberance of energy and to significantly reduce the so-called "fantasy effect".
  • Mg F2 magnesium fluoride
  • Anti-reflective treatment can be more effectively multi-layered.
  • each dichroic filter 6,7,8 a spherical mirror 18 for recovering radiation, preferably obtained by an aluminizing treatment and protection with silicon monoxide, which is oriented so that the center of curvature coincides with the focal point F of the corresponding parabolic mirror, with the aim of preventing the diverging lens 11 from also directly seeing the real focal point of the parabola, in addition to the beam of rays coming, by reflection, from the parabolic mirrors.
  • an anti-Newton glass plate to allow a slight diffusion of the beam. issued; this plate can be placed in front of each light source or at any useful point on the axis XX and perpendicular thereto.
  • an anti-Newton effect the flat face of the aspherical lens 9 or one face of the divergent lens 11 and / or that of the parabolic mirrors 3.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Vorrichtung zur permanenten Lichtsignalgebung im Eisenbahnwesen, die drei Lichtquellen (5) mit reflektierenden Parabolspiegeln (3) aus Glas, drei entsprechende dichroitische Filter (6, 7, 8), die entsprechend von drei Flächen eines pentagonalen optischen Goulier-Prende-Prismas angeordnet sind und eine asphärische Austrittslinse (9) für die Lichtstrahlen umfaßt, die das Signal bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die asphärische Linse (9) in der Weise angeordnet ist, daß ihr Brennpunkt (F1) mit dem Punkt (10) zusammenfällt, der als optisches Symmetriezentrum des pentagonalen Prismas zu betrachten ist, und daß eine negativ sphärisch-elliptische Zerstreuungslinse (11) zwischen dem besagten Punkt (10) des pentagonalen Prismas und der asphärischen Linse (9) so angeordnet ist, daß ihre Achse mit der X-X-Achse der asphärischen Linse (9) zusammenfällt und daß ihr virtueller Brennpunkt dem reellen Brennpunkt der asphärischen Linse (9) überlagert ist.
  2. Vorrichtung zur permanenten Lichtsignalgebung im Eisenbahnwesen, die drei Lichtquellen (5) mit reflektierenden Parabolspiegeln (3) aus Glas, drei entsprechende dichroitische Filter (6, 7, 8), die entsprechend von drei Flächen eines pentagonalen optischen Goulier-Prende-Prismas angeordnet sind, und eine asphärische Austrittslinse (9) für die Lichtstrahlen umfaßt, die das Signal bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die asphärische Linse (9) in der Weise angeordnet ist, daß ihr Brennpunkt (F1) mit dem Punkt (10) zusammenfällt, der als optisches Symmetriezentrum des pentagonalen Prismas zu betrachten ist, und daß eine eben-hyperbolisch-konkave Zerstreuungslinse (14) zwischen dem besagten Punkt (10) des pentagonalen Prismas und der asphärischen Linse (9) so angeordnet ist, daß ihre Achse mit der X-X-Achse der asphärischen Linse (9) zusammenfällt, daß ihr virtueller Brennpunkt mit dem reellen Brennpunkt der asphärischen Linse (9) überlagert ist und daß ihre konkave Fläche der asphärischen Linse (9) zugewandt ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die konkave Fläche (12) der Linse (11, 14) einen Radius besitzt, der dem der Oskulationskugel entspricht und einen Wert zwischen 1 und 200 mm besitzt.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der Linse (11, 14) längs ihrer Achse einen Wert zwischen 0,1 und 15 mm besitzt.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lichtquellen (5) Laserquellen sind.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zerstreuungslinse (11, 14) eine asphärische, achromatische Doppellinse ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie wenigstens eine Anti-Newtoneffekt-Glasplatte umfaßt, die an einem beliebigen geeigneten Punkt des das Signal bildenden Lichtbündels angeordnet ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine der Flächen der Linsen (9, 11, 14) und/oder eine Fläche der Parabolspiegel (3) so behandelt ist, daß sie einen Anti-Newton-Effekt besitzt.
EP89830310A 1988-07-15 1989-07-04 Optische Anlage für dauernde Lichtsignale verschiedener Farben, insbesondere für Eisenbahnsignalisierung Expired - Lifetime EP0351380B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8809448A IT1224982B (it) 1988-07-15 1988-07-15 Sistema ottico per segnali di differenti colori, permanentemente luminosi, specialmente per segnalamento ferroviario
IT944888 1988-07-15

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0351380A2 EP0351380A2 (de) 1990-01-17
EP0351380A3 EP0351380A3 (de) 1991-03-13
EP0351380B1 true EP0351380B1 (de) 1997-02-05

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EP89830310A Expired - Lifetime EP0351380B1 (de) 1988-07-15 1989-07-04 Optische Anlage für dauernde Lichtsignale verschiedener Farben, insbesondere für Eisenbahnsignalisierung

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0351380B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE148665T1 (de)
DE (1) DE68927750T2 (de)
IT (1) IT1224982B (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH487367A (fr) * 1968-12-12 1970-03-15 Camille Berger Michel Appareil pour la production de faisceaux lumineux diversement colorés
IT1144157B (it) * 1981-03-09 1986-10-29 Wabco Westinghouse Comp Italia Dispositivo di segnalizazione semaforica particolarmente per il segnalamento ferroviario
US4754272A (en) * 1986-09-18 1988-06-28 General Signal Corporation Three aspect signalling device using no moving parts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT8809448A0 (it) 1988-07-15
EP0351380A2 (de) 1990-01-17
ATE148665T1 (de) 1997-02-15
DE68927750D1 (de) 1997-03-20
EP0351380A3 (de) 1991-03-13
IT1224982B (it) 1990-10-30
DE68927750T2 (de) 1997-09-04

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