Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/43—Solvents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0057—Oven-cleaning compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C11D3/30—Amines; Substituted amines ; Quaternized amines

Definitions

• This invention relates to compositions in the form of liquids, sprays, gels, and pastes, which remove dried-on and cooked-on food and other difficult-to-remove soils from kitchen utensils, flatware, dishes, glassware, cookware, bakeware, cooking surfaces, and surrounding areas in a convenient, easy, timely, and mild manner.
• Soil categories include grease, meat (including skin), dairy, fruit pie filling, carbohydrate, and starch.
• Soiled substrate categories include aluminum, iron, stainless steel, enamel. Corningware, Pyrex, and other glass cookware.
• Deficiencies in these cleaning methods include time consumption for soaking and souring, physical effort requiring for scouring and scraping, irritation to hands from harsh cleaning chemicals and methods, damage to objects from harsh chemicals and methods, unpleasant fumes and odors, and danger from heated solutions.
• non-caustic cleaners are listed in the literature, none are directed to the cleaning compositions of the present invention.
• the liquid pre-spotting compositions of the present invention consist of five major components.
• the first three include surfactants (nonionic, anionic and their combinations), builder salts, and an amine.
• the fourth component is water
• the fifth is a solvent system by which the efficacy of the ternary system is enhanced.
• solvent system utilizes specific individual organic solvents or certain binary solvents systems comprising mixtures of at least two organic solvents.
• These compositions may be formulated as clear, single-phase liquids, sprays, gels, or pastes and dispensed from bottles, pump sprays, aerosol cans, squeeze bottles, or paste dispensers.
• Formulations according to the present invention comprise:
• formulations may include:
• the removal of cooked-on soils is thus effected by: contacting such soiled dishes, bakeware, or utensils with an effective amount of the above-identified pre-spotting compositions; allowing an effective amount of time (at least about 10 minutes) for the composition to soak through the soil; and then rinsing the affected soiled surfaces to remove the pre-spotting composition and the loosened soil.
• CTFA name Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether-­Butyl Carbitol - Union Carbide.
• Butoxyethanol CFA name
• Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether-­Butyl Cellosolve Union Carbide.
• LDBS Sodium linear dodecyl benzene sulfonate (55% A.I.)
• MEA Monoethanolamine NMP - N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone Pareth 25-9 (CTFA name) - Polyethylene glycol ether mixture of synthetic C12 ⁇ 15 fatty alcohols with any average of 9 moles of ethylene oxide - Neodol 25-9 (Shell) Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate (CTFA name) - Hamposyl L-30 - W.R.
• the pre-spotting compositions of this invention are essentially comprised of the following components: surfactant, builder, alkanolamine, solvent system, and water.
• the compositions of this invention may contain other substances generally present in detergent compositions.
• the composition may be thickened if desired by the addition of known viscosity increasing, thixotropic, or viscoelastic agents.
• Foam stabilising agents may also be incorporated, and other ingredients which may normally be present include preservatives, humectants, foam boosters, anti-foaming agents, dispersants, pH modifiers, colorants, and perfumes. There may also be present, if desired, imidazole.
• the surfactant which is present in the amount of 1-10% of the composition, is selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and their combinations.
• the surfactant is present in the amount of 1-5%.
• the nonionic surfactant preferably, is comprised of one or a mixture of primary alcohol ethoxylates or secondary alcohol ethoxylates or alkyl phenol ethoxylates.
• the primary alcohol ethoxylates are represented by the general formula: R-O-(CH2-CH2-O) n -H wherein R is an alkyl radical having from 9 to 16 carbon atoms and the number of ethoxylate groups, n, is from 5 to 12.
• R is an alkyl radical having from 9 to 16 carbon atoms and the number of ethoxylate groups, n, is from 5 to 12.
• nonionic surfactants of this type are sold by Shell Chemical Company under the tradename Neodol and by Union Carbide Corporation under the tradename Tergitol.
• the secondary alcohol ethoxylates are represented by the general formula:
• x+y is from 6 to 15 and the number of ethoxylate groups, n, is from 5 to 12.
• Commercially available surfactants of this type are sold by Union Carbide Corporation under the tradename Tergitol S series surfactants, with Tergitol 15-S-9 (T 15-S-9) being preferred for use herein.
• alkyl phenol ethoxylates are represented by the general formula: R-(phenyl)-O-(CH2-CH2-O) n -H where the number of ethoxylate groups, n, is from 8 to 15, and R is an alkyl radical having 8 or 9 carbon atoms.
• nonionic surfactants of this type are sold by Rohm and Haas Company under the tradenames Triton N and Triton X series.
• the anionic surfactant is preferably comprised of paraffin sulfonates, sodium alkyl sulfates, and alkyl benzene sulfonates, such as sodium linear tridecyl or dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium and/or ammonium alcohol 3-ethoxy sulfate (AEOS), sodium lauroyl, cocoyl or myristoyl sarcosinate or a combination thereof.
• AEOS ammonium alcohol 3-ethoxy sulfate
• the surfactant in the ternary system can be anionic, nonionic or a combination thereof, as shown below:
• the composition also contains up to 10% of a builder salt or electrolyte, which is comprised of phosphates, such as tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate; carbonates, such as sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate; citrates, such as sodium citrate; and sodium ethylene diamine tetra acetate.
• a builder salt or electrolyte which is comprised of phosphates, such as tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate; carbonates, such as sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate; citrates, such as sodium citrate; and sodium ethylene diamine tetra acetate.
• the preferred amount of the builder in the composition is 1%.
• This amine comprises an alkanolamine, namely monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine. About 0.2% of the alkanolamine in the composition is preferred.
• the solvent comprises about 15-50% of the composition, the solvent being binary in nature.
• the first solvent comprises about 5-17% of an acetate selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate and n-propyl acetate.
• the second solvent comprises about 15-34% of acetone, N-methyl, 2-pyrrolidone and methyl ethyl ketone.
• the ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent may range from 1:4 to 1:2.
• pre-spotting compositions of the first embodiment of the present invention will now be illustrated by the following examples, wherein all parts and percentages are by weight and all temperatures in degrees Celsius unless otherwise indicated.
• Model food soils included milk, milk-egg mixture, egg, flour-egg mixture and Crisco shortening. They were applied uniformly onto the substrates.
• Soil removal efficiency is determined by the percentage of soils removed:
• the solvent-containing detergents (Example A, #2-#6) are more efficacious than a solvent-free ternary component system (Example A, #1).
• the improvement is particularly dramatic for the baked-on grease removal.
• compositions may be prepared as follows:
• the builder salt i.e. potassium pyrophosphate
• the alkanolamine i.e triethanolamine
• the surfactant(s) and solvents are then added with slow stirring until dissolved.
• the pH of the solution is adjusted to 9 with sulfuric acid. Perfume, if used, is added last.
• Solvents of higher flash point that have been found to provide pre-spotting action to remove cooked-on food residues from utensils and bakeware with the other ingredients of this invention include: sulfolane, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether. Their flash points are 350 degrees Fahrenheit, 116 degrees Fahrenheit, and 153 degrees Fahrenheit respectively.
• propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate can be replaced by dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate or diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate: and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether can be replaced by ethylene glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol diethyl ether.
• compositions according to this embodiment of the invention comprise surfactant (1-5%), builder (1%), alkanolamine (up to 0.2%), water, and the solvents identified above - either singly or in a combination of two, so long as the total solvent content is between 15-50% of the composition, the pH of which is about 9.
• pre-spotting compositions of the second embodiment of the present invention will now be illustrated by the following examples, wherein all parts and percentages are by weight and all temperatures are in degrees Celsius unless otherwise indicated.
• the soaking and cleaning procedures are similar to those described above, e.g., glass slides, aluminum coupons and stainless steel planchets were employed as substrates.
• Three types of soils - Milk-egg, egg, and Crisco shortening - were uniformly applied onto the substrates.
• the baking conditions for various soils are shown in Table III.
• compositions of the third embodiment of this invention comprise water, solvent, the ternary system, and imidazole.
• the composition is applied in dry form and then heated to a temperature at which the composition is rendered liquid or the organic matter containing surface is first heated to a temperature above the melting point of the composition and then the composition is applied thereto.
• a composition that removes organic matter is also disclosed which includes an imidazole or an alkyl or aryl substituted imidazole, which, when applied to baked-on food residues, required applying the composition to the soiled surface and then heating same or applying the composition to a pre-heated soiled surface or applying the composition and leaving it on the soiled surface for 16 hours.
• the final solution is adjusted with sulfuric acid to a pH of 10.00.
• test compositions were evaluated on three soils.
• test liquid was applied neat to the soiled area for 30 min. at room temperature.
• the test soils were then inverted and rinsed in standing water with vigorous agitation for 10 seconds. Percent soil removal was determined by averaging the visual estimates of soil removal from three replicates. The results are shown in Table VI.
• compositions of this embodiment of the invention at a pH of 10.00 were found to be equivalent in performance to commercial products of higher pH and superior when those commercial products were adjusted to a pH of 10.00. Moreover, these compositions are the fastest acting of the three embodiments disclosed herein, effective about ten (10) minutes after application to the soiled surface.
• compositions of the present invention are preferably formulated as clear, single phase liquids. However, it is within the ambit of this invention to formulate these compositions as gels, pastes, and aerosols, and they may be dispensed from both pump sprayers and aerosol cans or brushed on. Preparation of compositions suitable to be dispensed by aerosol or pump spray is within the ordinary skill in the art.
• any such agent, or mixture of two or more thereof, which is compatible with the ingredients of these formulations may be used.
• Useful organic thickening agents include starch, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methocel, and water-soluble polymers such as carboxy vinyl polymer (Carbopols - B.F. Goodrich Chemical Company), sodium polyacrylate, and polyacrylic acid.
• Thixotropic agents include inorganic colloidal materials [clays] including Veegum (magnesium aluminum silicate - R.T. Vanderbilt).
• Pseudo-plastic or viscoelastic materials include the organic gums such as xanthan gum (Keltrol - Kelco Company), guar gum, and locust bean gum.
• the thickening agent will typically vary between 0.1 to 6% by weight of the composition. Generally, it is desired to maintain the viscosity of these formulations between 100 and 1000 cps. If the viscosity is too low, the compositions do not adhere well to the soiled surfaces. If too high, it has been found that the efficacy of these compositions is diminished.
• Suitable foam boosters and foam stabilizers include cocomonoethanolamide, lauryl/myristyl monoethanolamide, cocobetaine, and lauryl/myristyl diethanolamide.
• compositions may be prepared in the manner previously described for preparing the compositions of the first embodiment of the invention.
• a preferred composition according to the third embodiment of the invention can be prepared by mixing: 4 % Linear dodecyl benzene sulfonate 3 % Sodium C12 ⁇ 15 Alcohol 3-Ethoxy Sulfate 4 % Butyl Cellosolve 0.75 % Triethanolamine 6 % Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 5 % Imidazole 1 % Lauric/myristic diethanolamide 0.05 % Xanthan gum 1.0 % Glycerin 1.0 % Colloidal magnesium aluminum silicate [Veegum PRO] 73.8 % Water 0.4 % Perfume pH adjusted to 10.0
• the clay (colloidal magnesium aluminum silicate) is added with high shear to the softened water and stirred for 30 minutes.
• the xanthan gum is dispersed in the glycerin. This mixture is then added with high shear to the batch and stirred for 30 minutes.
• the imidazole, potassium pyrophosphate, and triethanolamine are added with moderate stirring until dissolved.
• the lauric/myristic diethanolamide is dissolved in the alcohol ethoxysulfate. This solution, sodium linear dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and butyl cellosolve are added to the batch with slow stirring until dissolved.
• the pH of the batch is adjusted to 10.0 with sulfuric acid. The batch is completed with the addition of the perfume.

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• 1988
  • 1988-04-06 NZ NZ224148A patent/NZ224148A/xx unknown
  • 1988-04-07 ZA ZA882423A patent/ZA882423B/xx unknown
  • 1988-04-07 EP EP88105516A patent/EP0286075A3/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1988-04-07 PT PT87179A patent/PT87179B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1988-04-08 CA CA000563593A patent/CA1306921C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-04-08 DK DK194888A patent/DK194888A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1988-04-08 FI FI881655A patent/FI881655A/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1988-04-08 MX MX011054A patent/MX167442B/es unknown
  • 1988-04-08 AU AU14441/88A patent/AU608589B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1988-04-08 NO NO881526A patent/NO881526L/no unknown

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