EP0284829B1 - Rotorbeschaufelung für Dampfturbinen - Google Patents

Rotorbeschaufelung für Dampfturbinen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0284829B1
EP0284829B1 EP88103498A EP88103498A EP0284829B1 EP 0284829 B1 EP0284829 B1 EP 0284829B1 EP 88103498 A EP88103498 A EP 88103498A EP 88103498 A EP88103498 A EP 88103498A EP 0284829 B1 EP0284829 B1 EP 0284829B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blading
blades
caps
grooves
fins
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88103498A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0284829A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Bourcier
Gilbert Riollet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Holdings SA
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEC Alsthom SA filed Critical GEC Alsthom SA
Priority to AT88103498T priority Critical patent/ATE70891T1/de
Publication of EP0284829A1 publication Critical patent/EP0284829A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0284829B1 publication Critical patent/EP0284829B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/22—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/22—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F01D5/225—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations by shrouding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mobile blade for steam turbines comprising blades with bodies provided with caps or fins, said caps or fins of adjacent blades being in contact at least during the rotation of the blade on a surface. plane substantially parallel to the radial axis of the blade and causing by these contacts a torsion of the body of the blades, the torsion being in the same direction for all the blades.
  • FIG. 4 Such a blading is described in document FR-A-1519898 in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the flat face is simple while it is double in FIG. 5.
  • the mobile blading making it possible to remedy this drawback is characterized in that it comprises a connection in addition to the contacts between adjacent caps or ailerons, said connection being produced by means of additional contacts having a freedom of rectilinear sliding in a plane. corresponding to that of each cap or fin along an axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation 00 ′ of the blade, said additional contacts being located at a relatively large distance from the contacts causing the torsion.
  • connection created between neighboring caps (or fins) by these additional contacts has the effect that the relative movement of these caps (or fins) generates on each of them at points A and A '(separate or combined) friction forces f and f 'contained in the plane of the caps (or ailerons) which have a moment ⁇ M Z relative to the average point of contact C on the plane surface.
  • the sum M Z + ⁇ M Z can differ from one dawn to another so that even in the extreme case where the faces tightened by the twist are unable to transmit the least moment between neighboring hats (or fins), this transmission is ensured by ⁇ M Z (see figure n ° 3). It is important that the points A and A ⁇ are located at the greatest possible distance from the contact faces so as to better block any rotational movement of the cap (or of the fin) which would appear around a point of point contact vs.
  • the additional contacts are made by extensions of the caps (or fins), the upper faces of which are applied to the upper faces of complementary cavities provided in the adjacent caps (or fins).
  • the additional contacts are made by members located in grooves opening onto the lateral surface of the caps or fins opposite the contacts causing the torsion and rubbing against the walls of these grooves.
  • Figure 1 shows a section of a known blade perpendicular to its median plane.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of part of the known blade formed of the blades of Figure 1 by a plane parallel to the median plane of the blades.
  • FIG. 3 represents a top view of the blading of FIG. 2.
  • Figure 4 shows a top view of part of a blade according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 represents a side view of the blading part of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 schematically represents a side view of a blading part according to a second embodiment of the invention before mounting the bonding wedges.
  • Figure 7 shows the same view as Figure 6 after mounting the shims.
  • FIG. 8 represents a top view of the blading of the figure 7.
  • Figure 9 shows a section of a blade of the vane of Figures 7 and 8 perpendicular to the median plane and passing through the axis of the turbine.
  • FIG. 10 schematically represents a side view of a blading part according to a variant of the second embodiment of the invention before mounting of the connection means and at rest.
  • Figure 11 shows the same view as that of Figure 10 with the blading in rotation.
  • Figure 12 shows the blading of Figures 10 and 11 after mounting of the bonding means.
  • FIG. 13 represents a top view of the blading of FIG. 12.
  • FIG. 14 represents a section of a blade of the vane of FIGS. 12 and 13 perpendicular to the median plane and passing through the axis of the turbine.
  • Figure 15 shows a side view of part of the blade according to another variant of the second embodiment of the invention, the tooth being removed.
  • Figure 16 shows a top view of a third embodiment of the blading.
  • Figure 17 shows a side view of the blade of Figure 16, with the tooth removed.
  • Figure 18 shows a side view of a variant of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 19 represents a section of the variant of FIG. 18.
  • FIG. 20 shows an exemplary embodiment of the blading with fins.
  • Figure 21 shows a side view of the blading of Figure 20, with the tooth removed.
  • the known blade represented in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 comprises blades 1 comprising a foot 2, a body 3 and a cap 4.
  • the feet 2 of the blades 1 are locked in a central means 5 forming part of the turbine rotor by by means of keys 6.
  • Each cap 4 has a front face 7 inclined relative to the vertical median plane P and substantially parallel to the radial axis (z ⁇ z) of the blade and a rear face 8 substantially parallel to the front face 7 , the front and rear sides 7 and 8 of all the vanes being located on the same side of the median plane P.
  • the blading is movable in rotation about the axis OO ⁇ .
  • each blade 1 When the feet 2 of the blades 1 are put in place, the front face 7 of each blade 1 comes to bear against the rear face 8 of the blade 1 located in front and the faces 7 and 8 rotate to approach the perpendicular in the middle plane. The body 3 of each blade 1 is then twisted under the effect of the forces that the adjacent blades 1 apply to its front and rear faces.
  • a contact connection is provided according to the invention additional at A and A ⁇ between neighboring caps 4 so that the relative movement of the caps 4 generates at points A and A ⁇ frictional forces f and f ⁇ contained in the plane of the cap which generates a moment ⁇ M Z making it possible to transmit all or part of the moment between neighboring hats.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 blades have been shown, the caps of which are applied against one another under the effect of the torsional forces at rest of the bodies of the blades, but it is also known to mount the caps apart, the caps do not being applied against each other only during the rotation of the vanes whose bodies twist under the effect of centrifugal force.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 An embodiment of the blading according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the cap 4 of each blade is provided with an extension 9 of parallelepiped shape, the upper face of which 10 rubs on the upper face 11 of a complementary cavity 12 formed in the adjacent blade.
  • the extension 9 and the cavity 12 are located on the lateral surface 13 of the caps 4 situated on the side opposite to the faces 7 and 8 in contact, relative to the plane P.
  • the contact between the face of the extension 9 and that of the cavity 12 can be obtained by prestressing at rest and / or deformation due to centrifugal forces.
  • the caps 4 are provided with a machined groove 14 opening onto the lateral surface 13 of the caps 14 opposite the contacting faces 7, 8.
  • the grooves 14 of the adjacent blades 1 are not in the extension of one another.
  • each shim 15 being fitted into two consecutive caps 4.
  • the wedges are spaced from each other and their ends come approximately towards the middle of the lateral surface 13 of the caps.
  • the groove 14 is provided with a peripheral tooth 16 at its upper part which prevents the wedges 15 from coming out during the rotation of the blading.
  • This tooth 16 has been folded down after the shims 15 have been placed in the grooves 14.
  • the caps 4 have grooves 14 which are in line with one another when the blading is not driven in rotation.
  • the bodies 3 of the vanes 2 tend to bend (see FIG. 11) in the absence of the presence of connecting members in the grooves 14.
  • a wedging element constituted for example by a flat wire 17 which opposes the bending of the blades 1 under the effect of centrifugal force and develops frictional forces.
  • This wire can consist of four quarters of circumference.
  • the groove 14 opens onto the lateral surface 13 of the caps 4 on the side opposite to the contacting surfaces 7 and 8 and it can be provided with a flange 16 preventing the wedging wire 17 from coming out of the groove 14 during the rotation of the blading (see figure 14).
  • the grooves 14 are in the extension of each other at rest and they remain when the blade is rotated.
  • a connecting element such as a flat wire 18 is introduced into the groove.
  • This wire 18 is provided with protrusions 19 arranged towards the middle of the grooves 14 which rub against the upper wall of these grooves 14 when the blade is in rotation.
  • the groove 14 is located as in the second embodiment on the lateral surface 13 of the caps 4 on the side opposite to the contacting surfaces 7 and 8 and it can be provided with a flange 16 preventing the wedging wire 18 from coming out of the groove 14 .
  • a rod-shaped member 20 has been introduced into the groove 14 opening onto the lateral surface 13 of the caps 4 opposite the faces 7 and 8, the grooves at rest being as in figure 10.
  • Each member 20 has at one end an axis 21 parallel to the axis of rotation OO ⁇ of the blading which is housed without sliding in a hollow hollow 22 in the walls of the groove 14.
  • the axis 21 of the member 20 is connected by an arm 23 to a cubic mass 24 located in the groove of the cap 4 close to that in which the axis 21 is housed.
  • the axis 21 of the member 20 can be oriented and a frictional force occurs between the mass 24 and the wall of the groove 14.
  • the groove 14 is provided with a peripheral tooth 16 which prevents the members 20 from leaving the groove 14.
  • rod-shaped members 25 with two supports 26 are introduced into the grooves 14 opening onto the lateral surfaces 13 of the caps 4 opposite the surfaces 7 and 8, the grooves 14 at rest being as in FIG. 10.
  • the bars 25 are astride the grooves 14 of two adjacent caps 4 with a support 26 in each of the grooves 14.
  • the bars 25 are stopped tangentially by a stud 27 and axially by a tooth 16.
  • the stud 27 is housed with clearance in a housing 28 in the groove 14.
  • the bodies 3 of the blades were terminated with caps but they could instead be fitted with fins 4 situated at an intermediate height.
  • FIG. 20 and 21 shows a partial view of a vane provided with fins 4 mounted on their bodies 3 tight against each other by their contact face 7, 8 and having a groove 14 opening onto the lateral surface 13 of the fins 4 opposite the side faces 7 and 8.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Bewegliche Beschaufelung für Dampfturbinen mit Schaufeln (3), die Rümpfe (3) mit Kappen oder Steuerflossen (4) aufweisen, wobei die Kappen oder Steuerflosse (4) benachbarter Schaufeln mindestens während der Drehung der Beschaufelung auf einer im wesentlichen parallel zur Radialachse (Z'Z) der Schaufel verlaufenden ebenen Oberfläche miteinander in Kontakt stehen und durch diese Kontakte (7, 8) eine Torsion des Rumpfes der Schaufeln bewirken, die bei allen Schaufeln im gleichen Sinne erfolgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschaufelung zusätzlich zu den Kontakten (7 und 8) eine Verbindung zwischen benachbarten Kappen oder Steuerflossen (4) aufweist, wobei diese Verbindung mit Hilfe von zusätzlichen Kontakten (A, A') gebildet wird, die geradlinig frei in einer Ebene entsprechend der Ebene jeder Kappe oder jeder Steuerflosse entlang einer Achse gleiten können, welche im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Drehachse O'O der Schaufel verläuft, wobei die zusätzlichen Kontakte (A, A') in einem relativ großen Abstand von den die Torsion bewirkenden Kontakten (7, 8) angeordnet sind.
  2. Bewegliche Beschaufelung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zusätzlichen Kontakte (A, A') durch Verlängerungen (9) der Kappen oder Steuerflossen (4) gebildet werden, deren obere Fläche sich auf die oberen Flächen (11) von komplementären Aussparungen (12) auflegen, die in den benachbarten Kappen oder Steuerflossen (4) vorgesehen sind.
  3. Bewegliche Beschaufelung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zusätzlichen Kontakte (A, A') durch Organe (15, 17, 18, 20) gebildet werden, die in Nuten (14) angeordnet sind, welche in die Seitenfläche (13) der Kappen oder Steuerflossen (4) an der den Kontakten (7, 8) entgegengesetzten Seite einmünden, die ihrerseits die Torsion bewirken und auf den Wänden dieser Nuten (14) reiben.
  4. Bewegliche Beschaufelung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsorgane (15) erst nach der elastischen Verbiegung der Schaufeln (1) in die Nuten (14) eingeführt werden.
  5. Bewegliche Beschaufelung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsorgane aus Keilen (15) gebildet werden, die zwei benachbarte Schaufeln (1) miteinander verbinden.
  6. Bewegliche Beschaufelung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nuten (14) an ihrem Oberteil mit einem Zahn (16) versehen sind.
  7. Bewegliche Beschaufelung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsorgane (17, 18, 20, 25) ohne Verbiegung der Schaufeln (1) in die Nuten (14) eingeführt werden.
  8. Bewegliche Beschaufelung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Organe aus Stäben (20) bestehen, die an einem Ende eine parallel zur Drehachse OO' der Schaufel liegende Achse (21), welche unverschiebbar in der Nut (14) einer Schaufel gelagert ist, sowie eine Masse (24) aufweist, die durch einen Arm (23) mit der Achse (21) verbunden ist und in der Nut (14) der benachbarten Schaufel unter Reiben an ihren Wänden gleitet.
  9. Bewegliche Beschaufelung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsorgane (25) aus Stäben (25) bestehen, die zwei Anschläge (26) aufweisen, die in den Nuten (14) zweier benachbarter Schaufeln untergebracht sind, wobei die Stäbe (25) mit einem Zapfen (27) ausgestattet sind, der mit Spiel in einer Höhlung (28) der Nut einer Schaufel (1) gelagert ist.
  10. Bewegliche Beschaufelung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsglieder (17, 18) aus Drähten (17, 18) bestehen, die mehrere benachbarte Schaufeln (1) miteinander verbinden.
  11. Bewegliche Beschaufelung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Drähte (18) mit Verdickungen (19) versehen sind, die an den Wänden der Nuten (14) reiben.
  12. Bewegliche Beschaufelung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nuten (14) mit einem Zahn (16) an ihrem oberen Abschnitt versehen sind.
EP88103498A 1987-03-12 1988-03-07 Rotorbeschaufelung für Dampfturbinen Expired - Lifetime EP0284829B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88103498T ATE70891T1 (de) 1987-03-12 1988-03-07 Rotorbeschaufelung fuer dampfturbinen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8703390 1987-03-12
FR8703390A FR2612249B1 (fr) 1987-03-12 1987-03-12 Aubage mobile pour turbines a vapeur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0284829A1 EP0284829A1 (de) 1988-10-05
EP0284829B1 true EP0284829B1 (de) 1991-12-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88103498A Expired - Lifetime EP0284829B1 (de) 1987-03-12 1988-03-07 Rotorbeschaufelung für Dampfturbinen

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US4840539A (de)
EP (1) EP0284829B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS63246402A (de)
KR (1) KR960004207B1 (de)
CN (1) CN88101214A (de)
AT (1) ATE70891T1 (de)
AU (1) AU1273088A (de)
BR (1) BR8801122A (de)
CA (1) CA1279826C (de)
DE (1) DE3867102D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2028154T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2612249B1 (de)
GR (1) GR3003829T3 (de)
MX (1) MX167279B (de)
ZA (1) ZA881716B (de)

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FR3002970A1 (fr) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-12 Alstom Technology Ltd Rotor de turbine pour une centrale thermoelectrique
CN106425283A (zh) * 2016-11-30 2017-02-22 哈尔滨理工大学 汽轮机转子旋转工作台
KR101874243B1 (ko) * 2017-03-31 2018-07-03 두산중공업 주식회사 버킷의 진동감쇠구조와 이를 포함하는 버킷 및 터보머신
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Publication number Publication date
BR8801122A (pt) 1988-10-18
AU1273088A (en) 1988-09-15
US4840539A (en) 1989-06-20
KR880011440A (ko) 1988-10-28
CN88101214A (zh) 1988-09-21
JPS63246402A (ja) 1988-10-13
MX167279B (es) 1993-03-15
FR2612249A1 (fr) 1988-09-16
FR2612249B1 (fr) 1992-02-07
ATE70891T1 (de) 1992-01-15
EP0284829A1 (de) 1988-10-05
ZA881716B (en) 1988-09-06
GR3003829T3 (de) 1993-03-16
DE3867102D1 (de) 1992-02-06
KR960004207B1 (ko) 1996-03-28
CA1279826C (fr) 1991-02-05
ES2028154T3 (es) 1992-07-01

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