EP0283936B1 - Process for controlling an electrostatic coating installation - Google Patents
Process for controlling an electrostatic coating installation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0283936B1 EP0283936B1 EP88104265A EP88104265A EP0283936B1 EP 0283936 B1 EP0283936 B1 EP 0283936B1 EP 88104265 A EP88104265 A EP 88104265A EP 88104265 A EP88104265 A EP 88104265A EP 0283936 B1 EP0283936 B1 EP 0283936B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- current
- value
- voltage
- electrodes
- operating current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
- B05D1/06—Applying particulate materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
- B05B5/10—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the voltage of the high-voltage generator applied to the spraying devices was previously customary to stabilize the voltage of the high-voltage generator applied to the spraying devices to constant values, which could be set in stages, for example in the range from 60 to 100 kV, to take into account the respective operating conditions. If the voltage is kept at a constant value, problems occur, in particular, in the case of the external charging of the coating material by corona discharge, since under certain circumstances considerable fluctuations in the corona current can occur during operation.
- the corona current is significantly higher than the normal operating current for conventional contact charging of the coating material in the atomizer and depends not only on the electrode voltage, but also on various environmental conditions such as air humidity and possible contamination of the electrode area.
- the corona operating current can fluctuate between 100 and 300 uA if the air humidity changes between 30% and 90%, as is easily possible in practice.
- Both too low and too high operating currents must be avoided, because in the first case insufficient ionization occurs, resulting in an unsatisfactory coating efficiency (ratio between sprayed material and the material reaching the workpiece), while in the second case there is a risk of overloading the Color mists with space charge effects exist, which experience has shown that they can almost completely suppress the corona current and ionization.
- the electrodes, their holder arrangement and other parts of the atomizer can be contaminated quickly by the sprayed-off material.
- DE-OS 34 45 946 it is known to electrostatically coat large workpieces such as e.g. Vehicle bodies automatically switch off the system to avoid a voltage breakdown between the workpiece and the coating device when the operating current rises to a threshold value which is predetermined as a function of the operating voltage which can be adjusted within a certain range.
- a threshold value which is predetermined as a function of the operating voltage which can be adjusted within a certain range.
- all current threshold values that apply to the selectable voltage values are stored together, in particular in a microprocessor, and are automatically selected during operation in accordance with the respectively set voltage.
- a warning signal can also initially only be generated if the current measured continuously during operation exceeds an intermediate threshold value between the normal value and the switch-off threshold value.
- the invention described here is based on the object of specifying a method which is used in the operation of a corona discharge and constant voltage operating system largely avoids the risk of self-contamination of the spray device.
- the high-voltage generator can also be controlled in direct dependence on the air humidity in the sense of a constant corona current.
- the predetermined current value to be maintained need not be the same for all operating conditions.
- the supply voltage of the electrodes has to be changed to keep the operating current constant, these changes also allow conclusions to be drawn about correct or faulty operation. For example, in the event of a short circuit, increasing contamination, or an approach of the workpiece to the spraying device that is dangerous with regard to a voltage breakdown, there is a tendency for a steep current rise, which is counteracted by a corresponding reduction in the voltage.
- the supply voltage of the electrodes is measured continuously, and if it falls below a limit value, an alarm signal can be generated and / or the coating system can be switched off. Under certain circumstances, the voltage limit value can be set depending on the respective operating conditions and changed automatically.
- An alarm signal can also be generated if the supply voltage changes impermissibly quickly during the control, or if the operating current changes by more than a permissible amount within a specified time, for example if the current control fails or works too slowly. Finally, an operating voltage that is too high can also trigger an error message.
- the described regulation of the corona operating current to a certain, usually constant value takes place during normal coating operation.
- the measured operating current can first be monitored by comparing it with predetermined voltage-dependent data to determine whether it exceeds or in particular exceeds permissible values, preferably in the aforementioned DE-OS 34 45 946 familiar way.
- an alarm signal is generated or the system is switched off, while if the intended current value is reached without errors, the current control is switched on, it now being determined for operational monitoring whether the supply voltage remains above the prescribed minimum value.
- the system can be switched over from current threshold operation to constant current operation automatically, for example when a predetermined voltage of the high-voltage generator is exceeded after it has been switched on.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
Bei der elektrostatischen Beschichtung von Werkstücken wie z.B. Fahrzeugrohkarossen ist es bekannt und üblich, die Werkstücke serienweise durch Sprühkabinen zu fördern, in denen einzeln oder gruppenweise an Hochspannungserzeuger angeschlossene Rotationszerstäuber installiert sind. In konventionellen Anlagen wurde das Beschichtungsmaterial direkt im oder am Zerstäuber auf das Hochspannungspotential gelegt. Damit die in neuerer Zeit bevorzugten Beschichtungsmaterialien relativ hoher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit wie die sogenannten Wasserlacke verwenden werden können, ist es dagegen zweckmäßiger, das gesamte Lackzufuhrsystem und die Zerstäuberglocke od. dgl. zu erden und die mechanisch zerstäubten Farbpartikel durch die Zerstäuberglocke umgebende äußere Elektroden aufzuladen (vgl. DE-OS 34 29 075 und 36 09 240). Die Aufladung erfolgt durch lonenanlagerung aufgrund der Koronaentladung durch die Elektrodenspitzen.When electrostatically coating workpieces such as Vehicle body shells are known and customary to convey the workpieces in series through spray booths, in which rotary atomizers connected individually or in groups to high-voltage generators are installed. In conventional systems, the coating material was placed on the high-voltage potential directly in or on the atomizer. On the other hand, so that the coating materials of relatively high electrical conductivity, which have been preferred in recent times, such as the so-called water-based paints, can be used, it is more expedient to ground the entire paint supply system and the atomizer bell or the like and to charge the mechanically atomized paint particles through the outer electrodes surrounding the atomizer bell (cf. DE-OS 34 29 075 and 36 09 240). Charging takes place through ion accumulation due to the corona discharge through the electrode tips.
Im Betrieb einer derartigen Anlage war es bisher üblich, die an die Sprüheinrichtungen angelegte Spannung des Hochspanungserzeugers auf konstanten Werten zu stabilisieren, die zur Berücksichtigung der jeweiligen Betriebsbedingungen stufenweise beispielsweise im Bereich von 60 bis 100 kV eingestellt werden konnten. Wenn die Spannung auf einem konstanten Wert gehalten wird, treten aber insbesondere bei der erwähnten Außenaufladung des Beschichtungsmaterials durch Koronaentladung Probleme auf, da sich unter Umständen beträchtliche Schwankungen des Koronastroms im Betrieb ergeben können. Der Koronastrom ist deutlich höher als der bei der konventionellen Kontaktaufladung des Beschichtungsmaterials im Zerstäuber übliche Betriebsstrom und hängt nicht nur von der Elektrodenspannung ab, sondern auch von verschiedenen Umgebungsbedingungen wie Luftfeuchtigkeit und eventueller Verschmutzung des Elektrodenbereiches. Beispielsweise kann in einer typischen Beschichtungsanlage der erwähnten Art der Korona-Betriebsstrom zwischen 100 und 300 uA schwanken, wenn sich die Luftfeuchtigkeit zwischen 30% und 90% ändert, wie es in der Praxis ohne weiteres möglich ist. Sowohl zu geringe als auch zu hohe Betriebsströme müssen aber vermieden werden, weil im ersten Fall keine ausreichende lonisierung zustande kommt mit der Folge eines unbefriedigenden Beschichtungswirkungsgrads (Verhältnis zwischen abgesprühtem Material und dem das Werkstück erreichenden Material), während im zweiten Fall die Gefahr einer Überladung des Farbnebels mit Raumladungseffekten besteht, die erfahrungsgemäß den Koronastrom und die lonisierung fast vollständig unterdrücken können. In beiden Fällen kann es infolge der unzureichenden Aufladung der Farbpartikel zu einer schnellen Verschmutzung der Elektroden sowie ihrer Halteranordnung und sonstiger Teile des Zerstäubers durch das abgesprühte Material kommen. Zusätzliche Schwierigkeiten ergeben sich aus der starken Abhängigkeit des im Vergleich zum Betriebsstrom bei Kontaktaufladung relativ hohen Koronastroms von Schwankungen der Spannung, die wesentlich größere Stromänderungen zur Folge haben als im Fall eines kleineren Betriebsstroms. Derartige Stromänderungen sind in der Praxis unerwünscht.In the operation of such a system, it was previously customary to stabilize the voltage of the high-voltage generator applied to the spraying devices to constant values, which could be set in stages, for example in the range from 60 to 100 kV, to take into account the respective operating conditions. If the voltage is kept at a constant value, problems occur, in particular, in the case of the external charging of the coating material by corona discharge, since under certain circumstances considerable fluctuations in the corona current can occur during operation. The corona current is significantly higher than the normal operating current for conventional contact charging of the coating material in the atomizer and depends not only on the electrode voltage, but also on various environmental conditions such as air humidity and possible contamination of the electrode area. For example, in a typical coating installation of the type mentioned, the corona operating current can fluctuate between 100 and 300 uA if the air humidity changes between 30% and 90%, as is easily possible in practice. Both too low and too high operating currents must be avoided, because in the first case insufficient ionization occurs, resulting in an unsatisfactory coating efficiency (ratio between sprayed material and the material reaching the workpiece), while in the second case there is a risk of overloading the Color mists with space charge effects exist, which experience has shown that they can almost completely suppress the corona current and ionization. In both cases, due to the insufficient charging of the paint particles, the electrodes, their holder arrangement and other parts of the atomizer can be contaminated quickly by the sprayed-off material. Additional difficulties arise from the strong dependence of the corona current, which is relatively high compared to the operating current when the contact is charged, on fluctuations in the voltage, which result in substantially larger changes in current than in the case of a smaller operating current. Such changes in current are undesirable in practice.
Aus der DE-OS 34 45 946 ist es bekannt, beim elektrostatischen Beschichten von großen Werkstücken wie z.B. Fahrzeugkarossen die Anlage zur Vermeidung eines Spannungsdurchbruchs zwischen Werkstück und Beschichtungseinrichtung selbsttätig abzuschalten, wann der Betriebsstrom auf einen Schwellwert ansteigt, der in Abhängigkeit von der in einem gewissen Bereich verstellbaren Betriebsspannung vorbestimmt wird. Zu diesem Zweck werden alle für die wählbaren Spannungswerte geltenden Stromschwellwerte gemeinsam insbesondere in einem Mikroprozessor gespeichert und im Betrieb entsprechend der jeweils eingestellten Spannung selbsttätig ausgewählt. Es kann auch zunächst nur ein Warnsignal erzeugt werden, wenn der während des Betriebes ständig gemessene Strom einen zwischen dem Normalwert und dem Abschaltschwellwert liegenden Zwischenschwellwert überschreitet.From DE-OS 34 45 946 it is known to electrostatically coat large workpieces such as e.g. Vehicle bodies automatically switch off the system to avoid a voltage breakdown between the workpiece and the coating device when the operating current rises to a threshold value which is predetermined as a function of the operating voltage which can be adjusted within a certain range. For this purpose, all current threshold values that apply to the selectable voltage values are stored together, in particular in a microprocessor, and are automatically selected during operation in accordance with the respectively set voltage. A warning signal can also initially only be generated if the current measured continuously during operation exceeds an intermediate threshold value between the normal value and the switch-off threshold value.
Bei einem aus der DE-OS 24 51 818 bekannten Verfahren zum elektrostatischen Beschichten von Werkstücken, die mit veränderlichem Abstand an unter Hochspannung stehenden Sprühscheiben vorbeilaufen, wird so lange die Spannung konstantgehalten, bis ein bestimmter Abstand unterschritten und damit ein einstellbares Strommaximum erreicht wird. Dann wird zur Begrenzung der Feldstärke zwischen Sprühscheibe und Werkstück der Strom vorübergehend konstant gehalten, bis schließlich bei Unterschreiten eines einstellbaren Mindestabstands die angelegte Hochspannung abgeschaltet wird. Abgesehen davon, daß bei diesem Verfahren das Beschichtungsmaterial nicht beim Absprühen auf Erdpotential liegt und nicht durch Koronaentladung aufgeladen wird, erfolgt also bei dem bekannten Verfahren nur eine Begrenzung auf einen Strommaximalwert, der während des normalen Betriebes je nach Abstand beliebig unterschritten werden kann, so daß die oben erwähnten Verschmutzungsprobleme insbesondere bei Änderungen der Luftfeuchtigkeit und anderer Umgebungsbedingungen auftreten können.In a method known from DE-OS 24 51 818 for the electrostatic coating of workpieces that pass at variable distances from high-voltage spray disks, the voltage is kept constant until a certain distance is undershot and thus an adjustable current maximum is reached. Then the current is temporarily kept constant to limit the field strength between the spray disc and the workpiece, until finally the applied high voltage is switched off when the value falls below an adjustable minimum distance. Apart from the fact that in this method the coating material is not at ground potential when sprayed and is not charged by corona discharge, the known method therefore only limits the current to a maximum value which, depending on the distance, can be fallen short of during normal operation, so that the pollution problems mentioned above can occur in particular when there are changes in air humidity and other environmental conditions.
Der hier beschriebenen Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren anzugeben, das die beim Betrieb einer mit Koronaentladung und mit konstanter Spannung arbeitenden Anlage festzustellende Gefahr einer Eigenverschmutzung der Sprüheinrichtung weitgehend vermeidet.The invention described here is based on the object of specifying a method which is used in the operation of a corona discharge and constant voltage operating system largely avoids the risk of self-contamination of the spray device.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das im Anspruch 1 angegebene Verfahren gelöst.This object is achieved by the method specified in claim 1.
Durch das Festhalten vorbestimmter, in der Regel konstanter Werte des Betriebsstroms während des normalen Betriebes, d.h. nicht in Abhängigkeit von bestimmten Abständen zwischen Werkstück und Sprüheinrichtung, kann insbesondere der Einfluß der Luftfeuchtigkeit (Wasserdampfgehalt) auf die Koronaentladung kompensiert werden. Infolgedessen wird im Betrieb stets optimale Koronaentladung gewährleistet, so daß die abgesprühten Farbpartikel zum größtmöglichen Anteil aufgeladen werden und zu dem zu beschichtenden Werkstück wandern, statt sich auf der Sprüheinrichtung selbst niederzuschlagen. Mit einem die Isolation herabsetzenden Niederschlag können zugleich Probleme der Strommessung vermieden werden, die sich aus Nebenschlußströmen ergeben können.By maintaining predetermined, usually constant values of the operating current during normal operation, i.e. not depending on certain distances between the workpiece and the spraying device, in particular the influence of the air humidity (water vapor content) on the corona discharge can be compensated. As a result, optimal corona discharge is always ensured during operation, so that the sprayed-off paint particles are charged to the greatest possible extent and migrate to the workpiece to be coated instead of being deposited on the spraying device itself. With a precipitation reducing the insulation, problems of current measurement that can result from shunt currents can be avoided.
Im Normalfall erfordert die Konstanthaltung des Betriebsstroms einen geschlossenen Regelkreis, in dem der gemessene Strom die Regelgröße darstellt und der Regler je nach Abweichungen der Regelgröße vom Sollwert eine Stellgröße zur Steuerung der Versorgungsspannung der Elektroden erzeugt. In der Praxis wird also eine kontinuierliche Änderung der Spannung der den Hochspannungserzeuger bildenden Kaskade od. dgl. und damit der Feldstärke zwischen den Elektroden und dem zu beschichtenden Werkstück erfolgen. Diese Regelung ist aber nicht die einzige Möglichkeit zur Realisierung der Erfindung. Beispielsweise kann man den Hochspannungserzeuger auch in direkter Abhängigkeit von der Luftfeuchtigkeit im Sinne eines konstanten Koronastroms steuern.Normally, keeping the operating current constant requires a closed control loop in which the measured current represents the controlled variable and the controller generates a manipulated variable for controlling the supply voltage of the electrodes, depending on the deviation of the controlled variable from the setpoint. In practice, there will be a continuous change in the voltage of the cascade or the like forming the high-voltage generator, and thus in the field strength between the electrodes and the workpiece to be coated. However, this regulation is not the only way to implement the invention. For example, the high-voltage generator can also be controlled in direct dependence on the air humidity in the sense of a constant corona current.
Ferner muß der vorbestimmte einzuhaltende Stromwert nicht für alle Betriebsbedingungen derselbe sein. Insbesondere kann es zweckmäßig sein, bei extrem trockener Luft in der Sprühkabine einen anderen konstant bleibenden Wert einzustellen als bei extrem feuchter Luft. Ähnliches gilt für sonstige veränderliche Umgebungsbedingungen wie z.B. die räumliche Beziehung zwischen Sprüheinrichtung und Werkstück. Aus diesen Gründen kann es also zweckmäßig sein, den einzuhaltenden Stromwert in Abhängigkeit von der Luftfeuchtigkeit und/oder sonstigen Umgebungsbedingungen zu ändern.Furthermore, the predetermined current value to be maintained need not be the same for all operating conditions. In particular, it can be useful to set a constant value in the spray booth for extremely dry air than for extremely humid air. The same applies to other changing environmental conditions such as the spatial relationship between spraying device and workpiece. For these reasons, it may therefore be expedient to change the current value to be maintained depending on the air humidity and / or other environmental conditions.
Wenn die Versorgungsspannung der Elektroden zur Konstanthaltung des Betriebsstroms geändert werden muß, lassen diese Änderungen auch Rückschlüsse auf richtigen oder fehlerhaften Betrieb zu. Beispielsweise besteht bei einem Kurzschluß, bei zunehmender Verschmutzung oder bei einer in Hinblick auf einen Spannungsdurchbruch gefahrlichen Annäherung des Werkstücks an die Sprihvorrichtung die Tendenz zu einem steilen Stromanstieg, dem durch entsprechende Verminderung der Spannung gegengesteuert wird. Die Versorgungsspannung der Elektroden wird ständig gemessen, und wenn sie einen Grenzwert unterschreitet, kann ein Alarmsignal erzeugt und/oder die Beschichtungsanlage abgeschaltet werden. Der Spannungsgrenzwert kann unter Umständen in Abhängigkeit von den jeweiligen Betriebsbedingungen eingestellt und selbsttätig geändert werden. Ein Alarmsignal kann auch dann erzeugt werden, wenn die Versorgungsspannung sich bei der Regelung unzulässig schnell andert, oder wenn sich der Betriebsstrom selbst innerhalb einer vorgegebenen Zeit um mehr als ein zulässiges Maß ändert, etwa wenn die Stromregelung versagt oder zu träge arbeitet. Schließlich kann auch eine zu hohe Betriebsspannung eine Fehlermeldung auslösen.If the supply voltage of the electrodes has to be changed to keep the operating current constant, these changes also allow conclusions to be drawn about correct or faulty operation. For example, in the event of a short circuit, increasing contamination, or an approach of the workpiece to the spraying device that is dangerous with regard to a voltage breakdown, there is a tendency for a steep current rise, which is counteracted by a corresponding reduction in the voltage. The supply voltage of the electrodes is measured continuously, and if it falls below a limit value, an alarm signal can be generated and / or the coating system can be switched off. Under certain circumstances, the voltage limit value can be set depending on the respective operating conditions and changed automatically. An alarm signal can also be generated if the supply voltage changes impermissibly quickly during the control, or if the operating current changes by more than a permissible amount within a specified time, for example if the current control fails or works too slowly. Finally, an operating voltage that is too high can also trigger an error message.
Die beschriebene Einregelung des Korona-Betriebsstroms auf einen bestimmten, in der Regel konstanten Wert erfolgt während des normalen Beschichtungsbetriebes. Bis bei Inbetriebnahme der Anlage der gewünschte Stromwert erreicht wird, kann dagegen zunächst der gemessene Betriebsstrom durch Vergleich mit vorgegebenen spannungsabhängigen Daten daraufhin iberwacht werden, ob er zulässige Werte unter- oder insbesondere überschreitet, vorzugsweise in der aus der erwähnten DE-OS 34 45 946 an sich bekannten Weise. Bei unzulässigen Abweichungen des Stromes wird ein Alarmsignal erzeugt bzw. die Anlage abgeschaltet, während bei fehlerfreiem Erreichen des vorgesehenen Stromwertes die Stromregelung eingeschaltet wird, wobei nun zur Betriebsüberwachung festgestellt wird, ob die Versorgungsspannung über dem vorgeschriebenen Mindestwert bleibt. Die Umschaltung der Anlage vom Stromschwellwertbetrieb auf Konstantstrombetrieb kann selbsttätig beispielsweise bei Überschreiten einer vorbestimmten Spannung des Hochspannungserzeugers nach dessen Einschaltung erfolgen.The described regulation of the corona operating current to a certain, usually constant value takes place during normal coating operation. By contrast, until the desired current value is reached when the system is started up, the measured operating current can first be monitored by comparing it with predetermined voltage-dependent data to determine whether it exceeds or in particular exceeds permissible values, preferably in the aforementioned DE-OS 34 45 946 familiar way. In the event of impermissible deviations in the current, an alarm signal is generated or the system is switched off, while if the intended current value is reached without errors, the current control is switched on, it now being determined for operational monitoring whether the supply voltage remains above the prescribed minimum value. The system can be switched over from current threshold operation to constant current operation automatically, for example when a predetermined voltage of the high-voltage generator is exceeded after it has been switched on.
Claims (9)
characterised in that
the corona operating current is held at a predetermined value during the operation of the coating installation.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873709510 DE3709510A1 (en) | 1987-03-23 | 1987-03-23 | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE OPERATION OF AN ELECTROSTATIC COATING SYSTEM |
| DE3709510 | 1987-03-23 |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0283936A2 EP0283936A2 (en) | 1988-09-28 |
| EP0283936A3 EP0283936A3 (en) | 1989-10-25 |
| EP0283936B1 true EP0283936B1 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
| EP0283936B2 EP0283936B2 (en) | 1997-01-02 |
Family
ID=6323791
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88104265A Expired - Lifetime EP0283936B2 (en) | 1987-03-23 | 1988-03-17 | Process for controlling an electrostatic coating installation |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4851253A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0283936B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0657338B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR930005171B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1016583B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU599290B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8801280A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1288295C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ283607B6 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD268176A5 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3709510A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2004324T5 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI88466C (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT57087A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX169076B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ223921A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL157799B1 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK280705B6 (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1766240A3 (en) |
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| DE19903824A1 (en) * | 1999-02-02 | 2000-09-14 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | System for monitoring electronic atomizer has data processing unit and current and voltage sensors for continuously monitoring electrical parameters of atomizer are against threshold values |
| DE10003295B4 (en) * | 2000-01-27 | 2006-05-04 | Eisenmann Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for the electrostatic coating of a workpiece and device for carrying out the method |
| CN100379498C (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2008-04-09 | 3M创新有限公司 | Electrostatically assisted coating method and apparatus with focused electrode field |
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| JP4388070B2 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2009-12-24 | Ａｂｂ株式会社 | Electrostatic coating equipment |
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| DE102009013561A1 (en) | 2009-03-17 | 2010-10-07 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Monitoring method and monitoring device for an electrostatic coating system |
| CN103689669B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-06-08 | 荣成冠辰水产有限公司 | A kind of making method roasting salmon slice foodstuffs |
| DE102015215402A1 (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2017-02-16 | Gema Switzerland Gmbh | Control circuit for protection against spark discharge |
| CN108816542B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2021-01-15 | 佛山市优正涂装科技有限公司 | Automatic regional power control method for electrostatic powder spray gun system |
| JP7021042B2 (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2022-02-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Painting equipment |
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| US3809955A (en) * | 1973-03-26 | 1974-05-07 | Graco Inc | Safety circuit for electrostatic spray gun |
| GB1454395A (en) * | 1973-07-26 | 1976-11-03 | Volstatic Coatings Ltd | Power supply voltage control circuit |
| US3875892A (en) * | 1974-01-14 | 1975-04-08 | Ransburg Corp | Apparatus for avoiding sparks in an electrostatic coating system |
| US3893006A (en) * | 1974-01-14 | 1975-07-01 | Nordson Corp | High voltage power supply with overcurrent protection |
| DE2451818B2 (en) * | 1974-10-31 | 1977-02-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | METHOD FOR ELECTROSTATICALLY APPLICATION OF PROTECTIVE LAYERS TO A WORKPIECE AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING IT |
| US4258655A (en) * | 1976-04-21 | 1981-03-31 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Electrostatic spray apparatus |
| US4075677A (en) * | 1976-08-09 | 1978-02-21 | Ransburg Corporation | Electrostatic coating system |
| US4073002A (en) * | 1976-11-02 | 1978-02-07 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Self-adjusting power supply for induction charging electrodes |
| US4266262A (en) * | 1979-06-29 | 1981-05-05 | Binks Manufacturing Company | Voltage controlled power supply for electrostatic coating apparatus |
| DE3219236A1 (en) * | 1981-07-08 | 1983-01-27 | Ernst Roederstein Spezialfabrik für Kondensatoren GmbH, 8300 Landshut | Method and control device for controlling the high-voltage device of an electrostatic coating apparatus |
| JPS5953106B2 (en) * | 1981-07-27 | 1984-12-22 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Method for controlling spray distance in electrostatic coating equipment |
| US4481557A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-11-06 | Ransburg Corporation | Electrostatic coating system |
| FR2535917A1 (en) * | 1982-11-04 | 1984-05-11 | Skm Sa | METHOD FOR SUPPLYING CONTINUOUS HIGH VOLTAGE TO AN ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYING APPARATUS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
| DE3300027A1 (en) * | 1983-01-03 | 1984-07-05 | Hermann Behr & Sohn Gmbh & Co, 7121 Ingersheim | Plant for generating a high electrical voltage for paint spray booths |
| DE3416093A1 (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1985-10-31 | J. Wagner AG, Altstätten | ELECTRONIC HIGH VOLTAGE GENERATOR FOR ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYERS |
| DE3429075A1 (en) * | 1984-08-07 | 1986-02-20 | Hermann Behr & Sohn Gmbh & Co, 7121 Ingersheim | Device for the electrostatic coating of articles |
| DE3445946A1 (en) * | 1984-12-17 | 1986-06-19 | Hermann Behr & Sohn Gmbh & Co, 7121 Ingersheim | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE OPERATION OF AN ELECTROSTATIC COATING SYSTEM |
| DE3609240C2 (en) * | 1986-03-19 | 1996-08-01 | Behr Industrieanlagen | Device for the electrostatic coating of objects |
| GB8622144D0 (en) * | 1986-09-15 | 1986-10-22 | Ici Plc | Electrostatic spraying apparatus |
-
1987
- 1987-03-23 DE DE19873709510 patent/DE3709510A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-03-17 NZ NZ223921A patent/NZ223921A/en unknown
- 1988-03-17 DE DE8888104265T patent/DE3871578D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-17 US US07/169,314 patent/US4851253A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-17 EP EP88104265A patent/EP0283936B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-17 ES ES88104265T patent/ES2004324T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-21 SU SU884355362A patent/SU1766240A3/en active
- 1988-03-22 SK SK1873-88A patent/SK280705B6/en unknown
- 1988-03-22 CZ CS881873A patent/CZ283607B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-22 DD DD88313880A patent/DD268176A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-22 HU HU881440A patent/HUT57087A/en unknown
- 1988-03-22 FI FI881346A patent/FI88466C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-22 MX MX010848A patent/MX169076B/en unknown
- 1988-03-22 AU AU13377/88A patent/AU599290B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-03-22 CA CA000562068A patent/CA1288295C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-22 BR BR8801280A patent/BR8801280A/en unknown
- 1988-03-22 KR KR1019880003046A patent/KR930005171B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-22 CN CN88101598A patent/CN1016583B/en not_active Expired
- 1988-03-23 JP JP63070814A patent/JPH0657338B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-23 PL PL1988271382A patent/PL157799B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI88466B (en) | 1993-02-15 |
| NZ223921A (en) | 1989-10-27 |
| EP0283936A3 (en) | 1989-10-25 |
| CN1016583B (en) | 1992-05-13 |
| CN88101598A (en) | 1988-10-12 |
| FI88466C (en) | 1993-05-25 |
| CZ283607B6 (en) | 1998-05-13 |
| SK187388A3 (en) | 2000-06-12 |
| AU1337788A (en) | 1988-09-22 |
| US4851253A (en) | 1989-07-25 |
| DE3709510A1 (en) | 1988-10-06 |
| HUT57087A (en) | 1991-11-28 |
| MX169076B (en) | 1993-06-21 |
| EP0283936B2 (en) | 1997-01-02 |
| SK280705B6 (en) | 2000-06-12 |
| BR8801280A (en) | 1988-10-25 |
| CZ187388A3 (en) | 1997-12-17 |
| JPS63258669A (en) | 1988-10-26 |
| ES2004324T3 (en) | 1993-02-16 |
| JPH0657338B2 (en) | 1994-08-03 |
| FI881346A (en) | 1988-09-24 |
| ES2004324A4 (en) | 1989-01-01 |
| KR880010832A (en) | 1988-10-24 |
| PL271382A1 (en) | 1988-12-22 |
| PL157799B1 (en) | 1992-07-31 |
| KR930005171B1 (en) | 1993-06-16 |
| CA1288295C (en) | 1991-09-03 |
| EP0283936A2 (en) | 1988-09-28 |
| FI881346A0 (en) | 1988-03-22 |
| DD268176A5 (en) | 1989-05-24 |
| DE3871578D1 (en) | 1992-07-09 |
| AU599290B2 (en) | 1990-07-12 |
| SU1766240A3 (en) | 1992-09-30 |
| ES2004324T5 (en) | 1997-04-01 |
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