EP0125589B1 - Electrostatic sputtering or spraying of electrically conductive fluids, e.g. plant treating agents - Google Patents

Electrostatic sputtering or spraying of electrically conductive fluids, e.g. plant treating agents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0125589B1
EP0125589B1 EP84105100A EP84105100A EP0125589B1 EP 0125589 B1 EP0125589 B1 EP 0125589B1 EP 84105100 A EP84105100 A EP 84105100A EP 84105100 A EP84105100 A EP 84105100A EP 0125589 B1 EP0125589 B1 EP 0125589B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
spraying
der
liquid
conductive
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Expired
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EP84105100A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0125589A1 (en
Inventor
Bodo Maurer
Hans Groener
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Priority to AT84105100T priority Critical patent/ATE21342T1/en
Publication of EP0125589A1 publication Critical patent/EP0125589A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0418—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces designed for spraying particulate material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0403—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B5/1608—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B5/1608—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive
    • B05B5/1616—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material
    • B05B5/1625—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material the insulating means comprising an intermediate container alternately connected to the grounded material source for filling, and then disconnected and electrically insulated therefrom

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device known per se for dispensing drops via a spray system, such as a spray nozzle, spray nozzle or rotary atomizer, from a liquid volume charged via at least one high-voltage generator.
  • a spray system such as a spray nozzle, spray nozzle or rotary atomizer
  • Plant treatment agents are generally applied by generating a droplet spectrum in the range from 150 to 600 ⁇ m and then depositing these droplets using both the kinetic energy imparted to the droplet in the dividing device and gravity.
  • the droplets are deposited on the top and preferably on the leaf surfaces closest to the spraying and spraying device.
  • the liquid volume is preferably charged by one or more high-voltage generators integrated in the container.
  • Closures, hose connections and connecting elements are advantageously designed in such a way that they automatically switch off the power supply when opened or released.
  • the spraying system is integrated in an electrically conductive or non-chargeable, insulated screen.
  • liquid can also be fed into the container from an additional container, which is preferably to be operated without pressure, during spray breaks.
  • liquid drops can be electrically charged by means of the contact charging which is recognized as particularly suitable and can be sprayed or sprayed from a container safely via a spraying or spraying system, without restrictions in the size of the container, without any spatial or financial expenditure for Intermediate containers are required, or that the functionality is bound to certain narrowly limited conductivity ranges of the liquid to be sprayed.
  • the device according to the invention can also be used for coating paper and film webs and for painting metallic or conductive objects with conductive coatings.
  • the liquid 2 is filled via a closure 5 into the container 1 made of highly electrically insulating material.
  • This container 1 is surrounded on its outside by a conductive or semi-conductive sheath 3 connected to the mass of a floor device or to earth potential. With such a structure, it is possible to optimally charge the liquid 2 to be sprayed irrespective of its electrical conductivity, without undesirable force effects from the outer walls of the container 1 being able to take effect.
  • the liquid by means of one or more high-voltage generators 4 which are integrated in the container 1 and which receive their supply voltage, for example, from the battery of the floor device or another voltage source.
  • the wall thickness of the container 1 and the high-voltage generators 4 are designed such that high voltage, preferably between 20 and 100 kV, can be generated in a controllable manner on the liquid 2, the maximum current not exceeding an adjustable limit value. This has the advantage that the charging of the droplets and the adaptation to the optimal spray conditions can be achieved without any high-voltage wiring.
  • the shutter 5, the hose connections 6 is i tz wornen to the spray, such as nozzle 11 and rotary atomizer 12 and 7 12 so as to make the connecting elements of the spray means 11, that opening of the filling nozzle 5 or loosening Lead hose connections 6 and the connecting elements 7 to automatically switch off the high voltage.
  • This switching off of the high voltage is achieved in that when the hose connections 6 or the connecting elements 7 are loosened, the sealing effect of a seal 10 is canceled and the liquid flowing through causes a short circuit to the sheathing 3.
  • the principle of the conductive or semi-conductive, grounded casing 3 is also applied to the feed lines 8 between the container 1 and the spraying or spraying system.
  • a conductive or semi-conductive, insulated screen 9 Protection against contact on the spraying or spraying devices is achieved by a conductive or semi-conductive, insulated screen 9.
  • This screen 9 is that - when it is charged by the spray or spray system - it strengthens the electrical force effects for transporting the charged droplets to the target object.
  • the electrical capacity of this contact protection is so low that touching it is completely harmless even in the charged state.
  • the amount of liquid to be sprayed in the system can be increased particularly simply and advantageously if liquid is supplied to container 1 from an additional container 13. This can be achieved without additional protective measures in that, automatically controlled by the control device 14, electrically non-charged liquid is conveyed from the grounded additional container into the spraying or spraying system during the spraying pauses, for example when changing the processing rows or when advancing the workpiece the high voltage switches off automatically during this brief filling.

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  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

1. Apparatus for safely applying drops, via a spraying system, such as a spray nozzle, an atomizing nozzle or a rotary atomizer, from a volume of liquid which is charged by means of one or more high-voltage generators, wherein a) the entire volume of liquid under high voltage is contained within a tank (1) and one or more lines (8), both tank and lines being made of a highly electrically insulating material, and b) the tank (1) made of a highly electrically insulating material and the lines (8) are surrounded externally by a conductive or non-chargeable, earthed covering (3) which prevents electrical forces acting on persons or near-by components of the equipment.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine an sich bekannte Vorrichtung zum Ausbringen von Tropfen über ein Spritzsystem, wie Spritzdüse, Sprühdüse oder Rotationszerstäuber aus einem über mindestens einen Hochspannungsgenerator aufgeladenen Flüssigkeitsvolumen.The present invention relates to a device known per se for dispensing drops via a spray system, such as a spray nozzle, spray nozzle or rotary atomizer, from a liquid volume charged via at least one high-voltage generator.

Das Aufbringen von Pflanzenbehandlungsmitteln erfolgt in der Regel durch Erzeugen eines Tropfenspektrums im Bereich von 150 bis 600 /um und anschließendes Ablagern dieser Tropfen unter Ausnutzung sowohl der dem Tropfen in der Zerteileinrichtung mitgegebenen kinetischen Energie als auch der Schwerkraft. Die Ablagerung der Tropfen erfolgt auf der Oberseite und bevorzugt auf den der Spritz- und Sprüheinrichtung am nächsten liegenden Blattflächen.Plant treatment agents are generally applied by generating a droplet spectrum in the range from 150 to 600 μm and then depositing these droplets using both the kinetic energy imparted to the droplet in the dividing device and gravity. The droplets are deposited on the top and preferably on the leaf surfaces closest to the spraying and spraying device.

Der aus Gründen der Wirtschaftlichkeit geforderten Verminderung der Flüssigkeitsmenge je Flächeneinheit sind Grenzen gesetzt; einerseits dadurch, daß zur Erhaltung der Wirksamkeit beispielsweise eines Pflanzenschutzmittels eine Mindestzahl von Tropfen pro cm2 Pflanzenoberfläche aufgebracht werden muß und andererseits dadurch, daß eine Verkleinerung des Tropfendurchmessers die Verluste durch Abtrift erhöht.There are limits to the reduction in the amount of liquid per unit area required for reasons of economy; on the one hand because a minimum number of drops per cm 2 of plant surface must be applied in order to maintain the effectiveness of, for example, a crop protection agent and on the other hand because a reduction in the drop diameter increases the losses due to drift.

Ähnlich der elektrostatischen Pulverlackierung wird daher seit langem versucht, die Anlagerung von Tröpfchen durch Anwendung elektrischer Kräfte zu verbessern. Diese Technik verspricht gegenüber der heute üblichen Praxis die folgenden Vorteile:

  • - durch elektrische Kraftwirkungen wird die Gleichmäßigkeit der Verteilung von Tropfen beispielsweise in einem Pflanzenbewuchs entscheidend verbessert; die Anlagerung erfolgt nicht nur auf den Oberseiten der der Spritz- und Sprüheinrichtung benachbarten Blattoberfläche, sondern auch auf der Oberseite tiefer gelegener Blattoberflächen und sogar in geringerem Maß auf der Unterseite von Blättern.
  • - da die elektrischen Kraftwirkungen die Anlagerung besonders der kleinen Tropfen verbessern und damit die Verluste durch Abtrift vermindern, wird es möglich, Tropfenspektren im Bereich von 30 bis 100 J.Lm gezielt aufzubringen; dies bedeutet eine erhebliche Verminderunß der aufzuwendenden Flüssigkeitsmenge je Flächeneinheit und gleichzeitig wegen der gezielten Aufbringung eine Verminderung der Umweltbelastung. Wirkstoffeinsparungen sind bei den einzelnen Indikationen im Pflanzenschutz denkbar, vgl. hierzu E. Moser, K. Schmidt u.a. "Besserer Pflanzenschutz mit elektrostatischer Aufladung", DLG-Mitteilungen 8/1982.
Im Gegensatz zur elektrostatischen Pulverbeschichtung in Lackieranlagen muß der Spritz- und Sprühvorgangin der Landwirtschaft unter wechselnden und nicht immer optimalen Spritz- und Sprühbedingungen erfolgen. Ursachen sind der mit dem Wassergehalt der Pflanzen und des Bodens veränderliche Erdableitwiderstand der zu beschichtenden Blätter, die mit der Geometrie der Pflanzen sich ändernde Beeinflussung des elektrischen Feldes in der Umgebung der Spritz- und Sprüheinrichtung und die durch unterschiedliche Wirkstoffe bedingte Änderung der Leitfähigkeit der zu verspritzenden und versprühenden Flüssigkeit. Einer der Hauptgründe für die Schwierigkeiten beim Einsatz der elektrostatischen Spritzung und Versprühung wäßriger und damit elektrisch leitfähiger Flüssigkeiten liegt darin, daß die im Spritzsystem und im Behälter gespeicherte elektrische Energie bei entsprechend hoher Spannung und elektrischer Kapazität so groß sein kann, daß das Berühren von unter Spannung stehenden Teilen für den Menschen gefährlich ist.Similar to electrostatic powder coating, attempts have long been made to improve the deposition of droplets by applying electrical forces. This technique promises the following advantages over current practice:
  • - The uniformity of the distribution of drops, for example in plant vegetation, is decisively improved by electrical force effects; accumulation occurs not only on the upper sides of the leaf surface adjacent to the spraying and spraying device, but also on the upper side of lower leaf surfaces and even to a lesser extent on the underside of leaves.
  • - Since the electrical force effects improve the attachment of the small drops in particular and thus reduce the losses due to drift, it is possible to apply drop spectra in the range from 30 to 100 J.Lm; this means a considerable reduction in the amount of liquid to be used per unit area and, at the same time, a reduction in the environmental impact due to the targeted application. Active ingredient savings are conceivable for the individual indications in crop protection, cf. E. Moser, K. Schmidt et al. "Better crop protection with electrostatic charging", DLG-Mitteilungen 8/1982.
In contrast to electrostatic powder coating in painting systems, the spraying and spraying process in agriculture must take place under changing and not always optimal spraying and spraying conditions. The causes are the resistance to earth of the leaves to be coated, which changes with the water content of the plants and the soil, the influence of the electrical field in the vicinity of the spraying and spraying device, which changes with the geometry of the plants, and the change in the conductivity of the sprayed device due to different active ingredients and spraying liquid. One of the main reasons for the difficulties in the use of electrostatic spraying and spraying of aqueous and thus electrically conductive liquids is that the electrical energy stored in the spraying system and in the container can be so great with a correspondingly high voltage and electrical capacity that the touching of under voltage standing parts is dangerous for humans.

Zur Überwindung dieser Schwierigkeiten sind bisher die folgenden Wege beschritten worden:

  • - Die zu verspritzende bzw. zu versprühende Flüssigkeit ist im Behälter nicht geladen; die Tröpfchen werden am Ort ihrer Erzeugung durch eine geeignete Anordnung von Elektroden durch Anlagern von Ionen geladen. Vorteil des Verfahrens ist seine Anwendbarkeit auch für leitfähige Flüssigkeiten unabhängig von der Größe des Vorratsbehälters; Nachteil ist die verfahrensbedingte niedrige Aufladespannung und die Art der Aufladung, die zusammen nur eine geringe Verbesserung der Tropfenanlagerung gegenüber dem Spritzen ohne Einsatz elektrischer Kräfte bewirken.
  • - die Auffüllung des mit dem Spritzsystem verbundenen Behälters erfolgt aus einem Vorratsbehälter über ein Zwischenbehältersystem. Dabei liegt der Zwischenbehälter spannungsseitig während seiner Befüllung wie der Vorratsbehälter auf Erdpotential und wird vor der Entleerung in den mit dem Spritzsystem verbundenen Behälter auf dessen Potential gebracht. Vorteil des Verfahrens ist seine Anwendbarkeit auch für leitfähige Flüssigkeiten unabhängig von der Größe des Behälters; Nachteil ist der erhebliche finanzielle und räumliche Aufwand für das Zwischenbehältersystem.
  • - die zu verspritzende und versprühende leitfähige Flüssigkeit liegt an Hochspannung; zur Vermeidung sicherheitstechnischer Probleme wird die elektrische Kapazität des Gesamtsystems und damit das Fassungsvermögen des Behälters klein gehalten. Vorteil des zuletzt genannten Geräts ist der einfache, sicherheitstechnisch unbedenkliche Aufbau; Nachteil ist die Beschränkung in der Behältergröße, die den Einsatz in der Erwerbslandwirtschaft auf Bodengeräten verbietet.
So far, the following approaches have been taken to overcome these difficulties:
  • - The liquid to be sprayed or sprayed is not loaded in the container; the droplets are charged at the point of their generation by a suitable arrangement of electrodes by depositing ions. The advantage of the method is that it can also be used for conductive liquids regardless of the size of the storage container; Disadvantages are the process-related low charging voltage and the type of charging, which together result in only a slight improvement in the droplet accumulation compared to spraying without the use of electrical forces.
  • - The container connected to the spraying system is filled from a storage container via an intermediate container system. Here, the intermediate container on the voltage side during filling, like the storage container, is at ground potential and is brought to its potential before being emptied into the container connected to the spray system. The advantage of the method is its applicability even for conductive liquids regardless of the size of the container; The disadvantage is the considerable financial and spatial expenditure for the intermediate container system.
  • - The conductive liquid to be sprayed and sprayed is connected to high voltage; To avoid safety problems, the electrical capacity of the overall system and thus the capacity of the container is kept small. The advantage of the latter device is the simple, safety-friendly construction; The disadvantage is the limitation in the container size, which prohibits the use in commercial agriculture on floor devices.

Es war daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, bei Beibehaltung der als besonders geeignet erkannten Kontaktaufladung eine Vorrichtung zum gefahrlosen Verspritzen oder Versprühen elektrostatisch aufgeladener Tröpfchen zu konstruieren, wobei die im Behälter verfügbare Flüssigkeitsmenge ausreichend groß ist, um einen wirtschaftlichen Einsatz auf Bodengeräten in der Landwirtschaft oder anderen Spritzeinrichtungen großer Kapazität zu ermöglichen.It was therefore an object of the present invention to design a device for the safe spraying or spraying of electrostatically charged droplets while maintaining the contact charging recognized as being particularly suitable, the amount of liquid available in the container being sufficiently large to be economically usable on ground devices in agriculture or others Large capacity sprayers too enable.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß

  • a) das gesamte unter Hochspannung stehende Flüssigkeitsvolumen von einem Behälter aus elektrisch hoch isolierendem Material und einer oder mehreren Zuleitungen aus elektrisch hoch isolierendem Material umgrenzt ist,
  • b) der aus elektrisch hoch isolierendem Material bestehende Behälter und die Zuleitungen außen von einer leitfähigen oder nichtaufladbaren, geerdeten Umhüllung umgeben sind, welche elektrische Kraftwirkungen auf Personen oder andere benachbarte Anlagenteile verhindert.
This object is achieved in that
  • a) the entire high-voltage liquid volume is delimited by a container made of electrically highly insulating material and one or more supply lines made of electrically highly insulating material,
  • b) the container consisting of highly electrically insulating material and the supply lines are surrounded on the outside by a conductive or non-rechargeable, grounded casing which prevents the effects of electrical forces on people or other neighboring system parts.

Bevorzugt wird das Flüssigkeitsvolumen durch einen oder mehrere im Behälter integrierte Hochspannungsgeneratoren aufgeladen.The liquid volume is preferably charged by one or more high-voltage generators integrated in the container.

Verschlüsse, Schlauchanschlüsse und Verbindungselemente sind vorteilhaft so beschaffen, daß sie beim Öffnen oder Lösen automatisch zur Abschaltung der Spannungsversorgung führen.Closures, hose connections and connecting elements are advantageously designed in such a way that they automatically switch off the power supply when opened or released.

Erfindungsgemäß ist das Spritzsystem in einem elektrisch leitfähigen oder nichtaufladbaren, isoliert montierten Schirm integriert.According to the invention, the spraying system is integrated in an electrically conductive or non-chargeable, insulated screen.

Erforderlichenfalls kann zusätzlich Flüssigkeit aus einem vorzugsweise drucklos zu betreibenden Zusatzbehälter in Spritzpausen in den Behälter geleitet werden.If necessary, liquid can also be fed into the container from an additional container, which is preferably to be operated without pressure, during spray breaks.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gelingt es, mittels der als besonders geeignet erkannten Kontaktaufladung Flüssigkeitstropfen elektrisch aufzuladen und über ein Spritz- oder Sprühsystem gefahrlos aus einem Behälter zu verspritzen oder versprühen, ohne daß Beschränkungen in der Größe des Behälters bestehen, ohne daß räumliche oder finanzielle Aufwendungen für Zwischenbehälter erforderlich sind, oder daß die Funktionsfähigkeit an bestimmte eng begrenzte Leitfähigkeitsbereiche der zu verspritzenden Flüssigkeit gebunden ist.With the device according to the invention, liquid drops can be electrically charged by means of the contact charging which is recognized as particularly suitable and can be sprayed or sprayed from a container safely via a spraying or spraying system, without restrictions in the size of the container, without any spatial or financial expenditure for Intermediate containers are required, or that the functionality is bound to certain narrowly limited conductivity ranges of the liquid to be sprayed.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung wird bevorzugt benutzt zur Ausbringung von Pflanzenbehandlungsmitteln. Der Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung auf Bodengeräten in der Landwirtschaft bietet als zusätzliche Vorteile:

  • a) keine vorrichtungsbedingte Beschränkung der Anwendung in der Spritzbreite oder in der Spritzhöhe,
  • b) keine vorrichtungsbedingte Beschränkung bei besonders dichtem Pflanzenbewuchs, da der Teilchentransport durch Kombination aus Massenkraft und elektrischer Kraft bewirkt wird,
  • c) gegenüber der Ausbringung mit Handgeräten keine Abscheidung von Tropfen auf der mit der Ausbringung befaßten Person.
The device according to the invention is preferably used for the application of plant treatment agents. The use of the device according to the invention on floor devices in agriculture offers additional advantages:
  • a) no device-related limitation of the application in the spray width or in the spray height,
  • b) no device-related restriction in the case of particularly dense vegetation, since the particle transport is brought about by a combination of inertial force and electrical force,
  • c) compared to the application with handheld devices, no deposition of drops on the person responsible for the application.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann weiterhin zum Beschichten von Papier- und Folienbahnen und zum Lackieren metallischer, oder leitfähiger Gegenstände mit leitfähigen Beschichtungen verwendet werden.The device according to the invention can also be used for coating paper and film webs and for painting metallic or conductive objects with conductive coatings.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert:

  • Es zeigen
    • Figur 1
      • den Querschnitt durch den Behälter mit allen wesentlichen Bauteilen
    • Figur 2
      • den Querschnitt durch Zuleitung und Düse als Spritzsystem mit allen wesentlichen Bauteilen
    • Figur 3
      • den Querschnitt durch Zuleitung und Rotationszerstäuber als Spritzsystem mit allen wesentlichen Bauteilen
    • Figur 4
      • eine schematische Übersicht der Gesamtanlage
      • In den Zeichnungen sind die leitfähigen oder nichtaufladbaren Teile der Vorrichtungsteile von links unten nach rechts oben und die nichtleitfähigen Teile von links oben nach rechts unten schraffiert.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings:
  • Show it
    • Figure 1
      • the cross section through the container with all essential components
    • Figure 2
      • the cross section through the feed line and nozzle as a spray system with all essential components
    • Figure 3
      • the cross section through the supply line and rotary atomizer as a spray system with all essential components
    • Figure 4
      • a schematic overview of the entire system
      • In the drawings, the conductive or non-chargeable parts of the device parts are hatched from bottom left to top right and the non-conductive parts from top left to bottom right.

Die Flüssigkeit 2 wird über einen Verschluß 5 in den aus elektrisch hochisolierendem Material gefertigten Behälter 1 gefüllt. Dieser Behälter 1 ist auf seiner Außenseite von einer leitfähigen oder halbleitfähigen, mit der Masse eines Bodengeräts oder mit Erdpotential verbundenen Umhüllung 3 umgeben. Mit einem solchen Aufbau ist es möglich, die zu verspritzende Flüssigkeit 2 unabhängig von ihrer elektrischen Leitfähigkeit elektrostatisch optimal aufzuladen, ohne daß unerwünschte Kraftwirkungen von den Außenwänden des Behälters 1 aus wirksam werden können.The liquid 2 is filled via a closure 5 into the container 1 made of highly electrically insulating material. This container 1 is surrounded on its outside by a conductive or semi-conductive sheath 3 connected to the mass of a floor device or to earth potential. With such a structure, it is possible to optimally charge the liquid 2 to be sprayed irrespective of its electrical conductivity, without undesirable force effects from the outer walls of the container 1 being able to take effect.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, die Aufladung der Flüssigkeit mittels eines oder mehrerer im Behälter 1 integrierter Hochspannungsgeneratoren 4 vorzunehmen, die ihre Versorgungsspannung beispielsweise aus der Batterie des Bodengeräts oder einer anderen Spannungsquelle erhalten. Die Wandstärke des Behälters 1 und die Hochspannungsgeneratoren 4 sind so ausgelegt, daß an der Flüssigkeit 2 Hochspannung vorzugsweise zwischen 20 und 100 kV regelbar erzeugt werden kann, wobei der Maximalstrom einen einstellbaren Grenzwert nicht übersteigt. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Aufladung der Tröpfchen und die Anpassung an die optimalen Spritzbedingungen ohne jede Hochspannungsverkabelung erreicht werden kann.It is particularly advantageous to charge the liquid by means of one or more high-voltage generators 4 which are integrated in the container 1 and which receive their supply voltage, for example, from the battery of the floor device or another voltage source. The wall thickness of the container 1 and the high-voltage generators 4 are designed such that high voltage, preferably between 20 and 100 kV, can be generated in a controllable manner on the liquid 2, the maximum current not exceeding an adjustable limit value. This has the advantage that the charging of the droplets and the adaptation to the optimal spray conditions can be achieved without any high-voltage wiring.

Einfach und sicher ist die Maßnahme, den Verschluß 5, die Schlauchanschlüsse 6 zu den Spritzeinrichtungen wie z.B. Düse 11 und Rotationszerstäuber 12, und die Verbindungselemente 7 an den Spritzeinrichtungen 11, 12 so zu gestalten, daß Öffnen des Füllstutzens 5 bzw. Lockern der Schlauchanschlüsse 6 und der Verbindungselemente 7 zum automatischen Abschalten der Hochspannung führen. Diese Abschaltung der Hochspannung wird dadurch erreicht, daß beim Lockern der Schlauchanschlüsse 6 oder der Verbindungselemente 7 die Dichtwirkung einer Dichtung 10 aufgehoben wird und durchfließende Flüssigkeit einen Kurzschluß zur Umhüllung 3 verursacht.Easy and secure the measure, the shutter 5, the hose connections 6 is i tzeinrichtungen to the spray, such as nozzle 11 and rotary atomizer 12 and 7 12 so as to make the connecting elements of the spray means 11, that opening of the filling nozzle 5 or loosening Lead hose connections 6 and the connecting elements 7 to automatically switch off the high voltage. This switching off of the high voltage is achieved in that when the hose connections 6 or the connecting elements 7 are loosened, the sealing effect of a seal 10 is canceled and the liquid flowing through causes a short circuit to the sheathing 3.

In Verbindung mit den integrierten Hochspannungsgeneratoren 4 und der leitfähigen oder halbleitfähigen, geerdeten Umhüllung 3 wird so sichergestellt, daß auch unsachgemäßes Hantieren an dem unter Spannung stehenden System gefahrlos ist.In conjunction with the integrated High-voltage generators 4 and the conductive or semi-conductive, grounded casing 3 is ensured so that improper handling of the live system is safe.

Das Prinzip der leitfähigen oder halbleitfähigen, geerdeten Umhüllung 3 wird auch an den Zuleitungen 8 zwischen Behälter 1 und dem Spritz- oder Sprühsystem angewandt.The principle of the conductive or semi-conductive, grounded casing 3 is also applied to the feed lines 8 between the container 1 and the spraying or spraying system.

Berührungsschutz an den Spritz- oder Sprüheinrichtungen wird durch einen leitfähigen oder halbleitfähigen, isoliert montierten Schirm 9 erreicht. Der besondere Vorteil dieses Schirms 9 besteht darin, daß er - durch Influenz vom Spritzoder Sprühsystem aufgeladen - die elektrischen Kraftwirkungen zum Transport der geladenen Tröpfchen zum Zielobjekt verstärkt. Die elektrische Kapazität dieses Berührungsschutzes ist erfindungsgemäß so gering, daß ein Berühren auch im aufgeladenen Zustand völlig ungefährlich ist.Protection against contact on the spraying or spraying devices is achieved by a conductive or semi-conductive, insulated screen 9. The particular advantage of this screen 9 is that - when it is charged by the spray or spray system - it strengthens the electrical force effects for transporting the charged droplets to the target object. According to the invention, the electrical capacity of this contact protection is so low that touching it is completely harmless even in the charged state.

Besonders einfach und vorteilhaft kann die Menge der zu verspritzenden Flüssigkeit im System vergrößert werden, wenn aus einem Zusatzbehälter 13 Flüssigkeit dem Behälter 1 zugeführt wird. Dies kann ohne zusätzliche Schutzmaßnahme dadurch erreicht werden, daß, von dem Regelgerät 14 automatisch gesteuert, in den Spritzpausen, beispielsweise beim Wechseln der Bearbeitungsreihen oder beim Vorrücken des Werkstücks, elektrisch nicht aufgeladene Flüssigkeit aus dem geerdeten Zusatzbehälter in das Spritzoder Sprühsystem gefördert wird, wobei sich während dieses kurzzeitigen Auffüllens die Hochspannung automatisch abschaltet.The amount of liquid to be sprayed in the system can be increased particularly simply and advantageously if liquid is supplied to container 1 from an additional container 13. This can be achieved without additional protective measures in that, automatically controlled by the control device 14, electrically non-charged liquid is conveyed from the grounded additional container into the spraying or spraying system during the spraying pauses, for example when changing the processing rows or when advancing the workpiece the high voltage switches off automatically during this brief filling.

Claims (8)

1. Apparatus for safely applying drops, via a spraying system, such as a spray nozzle, an atomizing nozzle or a rotary atomizer, from a volume of liquid which is charged by means of one or more high-voltage generators, wherein
a) the entire volume of liquid under high voltage is contained within a tank (1) and one or more lines (8), both tank and lines being made of a highly electrically insulating material, and
b) the tank (1) made of a highly electrically insulating material and the lines (8) are surrounded externally by a conductive or non- chargeable, earthed covering (3) which prevents electrical forces acting on persons or near-by components of the equipment.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, which possesses one or more high-voltage generators (4) integrated within the tank (1).
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein one or more closures (5), one or more hose connections (6) and one or more connecting elements (7) are so designed that they automatically cause the voltage supply to be switched off if they are opened or become detached.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claims 1 to 3, wherein the spraying system (11, 12) is integrated within an electrically conductive or non- chargeable, insulated screen (9).
5. Apparatus as claimed in claims 1 to 4, wherein additional liquid can be fed into the tank (1) from an auxiliary tank (13) during pauses in spraying, the auxiliary tank preferably being operated under atmospheric pressure and the operation being automatically controlled by a control unit (14).
6. Use of the apparatus as claimed in claims 1 to 5 for applying plant treatment agents as aqueous or non-aqueous spray liquors.
7. Use of the apparatus as claimed in claims 1 to 5 for coating webs of paper or film.
8. Use of the apparatus as claimed in claims 1 to 5 for coating articles with water paints or other conductive liquids.
EP84105100A 1983-05-14 1984-05-05 Electrostatic sputtering or spraying of electrically conductive fluids, e.g. plant treating agents Expired EP0125589B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84105100T ATE21342T1 (en) 1983-05-14 1984-05-05 ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYING OR. SPRAYING ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE LIQUIDS, E.G. PLANT TREATMENT PRODUCTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833317650 DE3317650A1 (en) 1983-05-14 1983-05-14 ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYING SPRAYING OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE LIQUIDS, e.g. PLANT TREATMENT AGENTS
DE3317650 1983-05-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0125589A1 EP0125589A1 (en) 1984-11-21
EP0125589B1 true EP0125589B1 (en) 1986-08-13

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EP84105100A Expired EP0125589B1 (en) 1983-05-14 1984-05-05 Electrostatic sputtering or spraying of electrically conductive fluids, e.g. plant treating agents

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EP (1) EP0125589B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE21342T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3317650A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4013940A1 (en) * 1990-04-30 1991-10-31 Behr Industrieanlagen METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SERIES COATING OF WORKPIECES WITH CONDUCTIVE COATING MATERIAL
CA2059427C (en) * 1991-01-22 2000-03-28 Ichirou Ishibashi Structure for preventing current from leaking out of devices for electrostatic spray coating
DE4433113C2 (en) * 1994-09-16 1998-12-17 Wagner Int Device for charging and dispensing electrically conductive spray material
GB9607862D0 (en) * 1996-04-16 1996-06-19 Smiths Industries Plc Light-emitting assemblies
WO2020154653A1 (en) * 2019-01-25 2020-07-30 Spraying Systems Co. Electrostatic centrifugal sprayer with pulsed or continuous direct electrification

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE366665B (en) * 1972-09-14 1974-05-06 Atlas Copco Ab
US3934055A (en) * 1974-04-30 1976-01-20 Nordson Corporation Electrostatic spray method
US3929286A (en) * 1975-01-29 1975-12-30 Nordson Corp Apparatus and method for electrostatically spraying highly electrically conductive water-based coating material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3317650A1 (en) 1984-11-15
ATE21342T1 (en) 1986-08-15
EP0125589A1 (en) 1984-11-21
DE3460469D1 (en) 1986-09-18

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