EP0282415B2 - Verfahren zur Papierherstellung - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Papierherstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0282415B2
EP0282415B2 EP88400568A EP88400568A EP0282415B2 EP 0282415 B2 EP0282415 B2 EP 0282415B2 EP 88400568 A EP88400568 A EP 88400568A EP 88400568 A EP88400568 A EP 88400568A EP 0282415 B2 EP0282415 B2 EP 0282415B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
starch
cationic
starches
anionic
fact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88400568A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0282415B1 (de
EP0282415A1 (de
Inventor
Serge Gosset
Pierre Lefer
Guy Fleche
Jean Schneider
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Roquette Freres SA
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Roquette Freres SA
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Application filed by Roquette Freres SA filed Critical Roquette Freres SA
Priority to AT88400568T priority Critical patent/ATE63343T1/de
Publication of EP0282415A1 publication Critical patent/EP0282415A1/de
Publication of EP0282415B1 publication Critical patent/EP0282415B1/de
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/76—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by choice of auxiliary compounds which are added separately from at least one other compound, e.g. to improve the incorporation of the latter or to obtain an enhanced combined effect
    • D21H23/765—Addition of all compounds to the pulp
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
    • D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
    • D21H17/28—Starch

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a manufacturing process paper, the term "paper” denoting in what follows any flat structure or sheet based on cellulosic fibers - most frequently used raw material in the paper and cardboard industry-- from a raw material consisting of a fibrous composition containing pulp from cellulosic fibers of recovery or recycled pasta.
  • patent EP 60,291 describes the preparation a gel based on cationic starch and carboxy-methylcellulose or a uronic acid polymer, this gel being partially dehydrated by the action of a solution colloidal of polysilicic acid or an oxypolyaluminum compound.
  • Dual techniques lead to improvement retention, allowing the manufacture of a paper with higher filler content. They allow substantial cellulose savings but are not applicable in all cases. In addition, the amount of starch attached to cellulose at the time of formation of the leaf still limited, physical characteristics paper thus obtained is not always improved enough.
  • the object of the invention is therefore, above all, to provide a paper-making process that responds better than those that already exist at the various desiderata of the convenient.
  • limit threshold of fixation of starch in the fibrous composition the amount of starch fixed per unit weight of composition dry fibrous, the latter comprising all of the insoluble constituents used to form the sheet of paper.
  • the papermaking process in an installation with a wet part, from of a raw material constituted by a composition fibrous with pulp from cellulosic fibers recovery or recycled pulp, according to which introduced into said fibrous composition, in two or several points of the installation located in particular in the wet part of it, separately from each other, of 0.2 to 5% of one or more cationic starches and 0.2 to 5% of one or more anionic starches chosen from the group consisting of starch sulfates, starch sulfocarboxyls and starch carboxyalkyls, these percentages being expressed as dry starch relative to the dry fibrous composition, the proportion of starch cationic with respect to anionic starch being understood between 10/1 and 1/10, these ratios being expressed in dry weight of starch.
  • anionic starch is selected from the group including carboxymethylated starches, starches succinylated, starch sulfosuccinates, starches sulfated.
  • anionic starch means all products of this type, excluding starch phosphates.
  • the amounts of cationic starch and anionic are between 0.4% and 3%, more preferably between 0.7 and 2.5%, the percentages being expressed as dry starch relative to the composition dry fibrous.
  • Cationic and anionic starches are advantageously introduced into the fibrous composition in the form diluted aqueous glue with a concentration of less than 5%, preferably less than 3% and, more preferably, less than 1%, the lower limit being 0.01%.
  • Preparation of adhesives is carried out in a manner known per se, by discontinuous or continuous cooking, for example in a continuous pressure cooker suitable for ensuring dosing, cooking and dilution.
  • the proportion of starch cationic versus anionic starch must be understood between 5/1 and 1/3 and, preferably, between 3/1 and 1/2, these ratios being expressed in dry weight of starch.
  • Optimal concentrations of cationic starch and in anionic starch used in accordance with the invention are determined inside limits indicated, depending in particular on the mass of fibers used, and of the aqueous medium used (environment ionic) or characteristics specific to each paper machine.
  • cationic starches used in accordance with the invention are selected from those having an electronic acceptor state, obtained using substituent groups of an electropositive nature, called cationic.
  • substituents are those containing a tertiary or quaternary nitrogen atom, although the phosphonium and sulfonium groups can also be used.
  • the electrophilic power of these starches is quantified by measuring the degree of substitution (DS), i.e. the number of hydroxyl functions which have been substituted by elementary glucosidic unit.
  • DS degree of substitution
  • the DS is at most equal to 0.3; it is preferably between 0.02 and 0.20 and, more preferably, between 0.04 and 0.15.
  • the strength of the nucleophilic power of the starches contains anionic groups should, in theory, being specified by the value of pKA, the DS is measured in practice.
  • the maximum value that the DS can reach is equal to 3. However, as a general rule, we will retain, for the anionic products targeted by the invention, a DS at most equal to 1.5 and, preferably, at most equal to 0.5.
  • the binding reactions on the starch of these cationic or anionic groups were carried out and described with starches from all sources such as corn, rice, wheat, potato, cassava and others. They can, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, be carried out on starches having previously undergone more or less extensive crosslinking treatment. This treatment gives anionic or cationic starches thus obtained special properties resulting in greater freedom as to the choice of their point of introduction during their implementation in the context of the invention.
  • the presentoxy Company was able to observe, at level of anionic starches and cationic starches used, differences in behavior more or less visible, depending in particular on the cellulose pastes and the aqueous media used.
  • cationic potato starch It is generally the cationic potato starch which is recognized as providing the best performances. Particular preference is given to anionic starches belonging to the group of sulfocarboxyalkyl derivatives.
  • the remarkable colloidal properties of the starches used in accordance with the invention have important repercussions on papermaking, for example improving the retention of fines from cellulose and fillers when making the sheet and the speed of water dripping through the sheet.
  • additives may also be used, such as for example flocculating agents traditionally used in stationery such as, for example, sulfate alumina, polychloride of Al, polyethyleneimine, polyacrylamide and others.
  • the installation in question comprises a vat 1 inside which the composition comprising a mass of fibers which is suspended and homogenized using an agitator 2. Agitation is maintained throughout the duration of the test so as to ensure perfect regularity of supply to the circuit. She is however sufficiently weak not to modify in time the state of refinement of the composition fibrous studied and not to degrade the flocs.
  • the fibrous composition is conveyed by a pipe 3 equipped with a pump P 1 in a transit vat 4 provided with an agitator 5 and in which it can be maintained for a predetermined time to allow contact with one or more several of the adjuvants used at this stage; it is also possible not to plan any stay in the vat room 4; in this case, the fibrous composition simply crosses the vat and is brought by a pipe 6 directly to a pump P 2 located at the outlet of the vat 4.
  • the fibrous composition will be drawn from the vat 1 with a rigorously constant flow.
  • the pipe 3 Downstream of the pump P 1 , the pipe 3 is equipped with an enclosure 7 inside which it is possible to adjust the pH of the fiber suspension by adding alkali or acid; and downstream of the enclosure 7, the pipe 3 comprises an element schematically shown at 8 and suitable for allowing the introduction of one or more adjuvants into the fibrous composition.
  • the pump P 2 routes the suspension of fibers by a line 9 to two mixers in series respectively M 1 and M 2 equipped with agitators respectively 10 and 11; the adjustment of the rotational speeds and the shape of the blades of the agitators 10 and 11 are chosen so that the conditions prevailing inside the mixers are as close as possible to the shear conditions existing in the wet part of an industrial circuit of paper making.
  • Three elements schematically shown in 12, 13 and 14 and suitable for allowing the introduction of adjuvants into the fibrous composition are arranged on the line 9 at the outlet of the pump P 2 for the first and respectively before the inlet of the mixers M 1 and M 2 for the other two; these elements make it possible to choose the order of introduction, the shearing conditions before or after addition and the contact times between the adjuvants and the fibrous composition.
  • the enclosure 17 is also connected to a secondary circuit making it possible to bring a third part of the water under canvas contained in said enclosure via a pipe 21 equipped with a pump P 4 to a tubidimeter 22 at the outlet of which the waters under canvas which have passed through it are brought back to enclosure 17 by a pipe 23.
  • the turbidimeter 22 makes it possible to assess the content of water under canvas in mineral and organic matter (fibers, fillers and others); it turns out that the measurements carried out continuously using this device are directly related to retention and more or less proportional to the amount of soluble matter and insoluble materials present in canvas waters.
  • a photometer which can be that known under the brand NANOCOLOR 50D (manufactured by the Macherey-Nagel Company, 5160-Duren, R.F.A., and marketed by the Techmation Company, 20 Quai de la Marne, 75019 Paris), and which allows measurements to be made reflecting the overall level of fixation starches; the principle of these measurements is based on the expression of the difference between the measurement carried out on a supernatant freed by a few minutes of rest of the cellulosic fibers and fillers, and colored with iodine, and that performed on the same uncoloured supernatant.
  • NANOCOLOR 50D manufactured by the Macherey-Nagel Company, 5160-Duren, R.F.A., and marketed by the Techmation Company, 20 Quai de la Marne, 75019 Paris
  • the acidity was measured by simple assay from an N / 10 sodium solution with, for colored indicator, phenolphthalein.
  • cationic starch As cationic starch, a cationic potato starch with a nitrogen content was used. fixed on dry between 0.55 and 0.60% (which corresponds to a DS between 0.063 and 0.069); it's about in this case that marketed by the licensee under the brand HI-CAT® 180.
  • HI-CAT® 180 cationic starch is introduced through element 8, resulting in a contact time of 5 minutes before going to "Britt-Jar".
  • the anionic starches are introduced by element 12, hence a contact time of 30 seconds before the passage on "Britt-Jar".
  • the amount of cationic starch used is 1% dry relative to the dry fibrous composition.
  • the quantity fixed is that allowing the lowest turbidimetric reading.
  • the cationic starch used is that of Example 1, prepared in the same conditions.
  • the installation is that of the single figure.
  • the amounts of cationic and anionic starch are expressed on a dry basis relative to the fibrous composition dryer contained in the vat room 1.
  • the measurements carried out are those of the turbidity of the water under canvas, the web retention and the quantity starch (in mg / l) found in water under canvas determined by enzymatic assay.
  • the fibrous composition was taken after the second mixer, instead of carrying out the measurements on "Britt-Jar” and “formettes” (sheets of paper) of a grammage were prepared. approximately 150 g / m 2 using this paste using the RAPID-KOETHEN type material marketed for example by the company Enrico Toniolo SpA (Milan, Italy) and well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the cationicity of the starch is varied.
  • a thick pulp obtained from old paper was taken on an industrial machine, then diluted with the water under canvas coming from the same machine to constitute the fibrous composition intended for supply the installation according to the single figure.
  • a first cationic starch was used, namely that of Example 1, which was prepared by cooking in a continuous cooker.
  • a second cationic starch namely a cationic starch having an average DS of 0.12 (1% nitrogen fixed) referenced AMIDON 608, was also used.
  • the anionic starch used is one of those used in Example 1, namely the sulfosuccinate of VECTOR® A 180 starch.
  • STARCH 608 and VECTOR® A 180 were cooked in open vats with live steam (5 minutes at 95-98%) from a milk with 4% commercial dry matter. The glues thus obtained were then diluted to 2% with cold water.
  • the installation used is that shown in the single figure.
  • the cationic starches were introduced by element 8, which gives a contact time of 5 minutes.
  • the anionic starch was introduced by element 12, which gives a contact time of 30 seconds.
  • the amounts of anionic starch used are those for which the turbidimetric reading is the lowest.
  • Tests 13, 14 and 15 clearly demonstrate that, under the conditions retained for this example, the use of a cationic starch of higher DS makes it possible to increase the retention while bringing a lightening of the waters under canvas.
  • Test 16 shows that the successive use of a cationic starch of the AMIDON 608 type and a anionic starch leads to very clear water under canvas despite high doses of starchy 3%) and excellent retention. In addition, the amount of starch attached is remarkable.
  • composition was taken from an industrial machine, then diluted with the canvas water from from the same machine.
  • a cationic starch with a fixed nitrogen level was used as the cationic starch on dry between 0.35 and 0.40 (i.e. a DS between 0.04 and 0.046), in this case that marketed by the Applicant Company under the HI-CAT® 142 brand.
  • anionic starch VECTOR® A 180 has already been used as anionic starch. described in Example 1.
  • the cationic starch is introduced through element 8, which gives a contact time of 5 minutes.
  • the anionic starch is introduced through element 12, which gives a contact time of 30 seconds.
  • the fixing of the starches on the fibers is likewise improved.
  • the preparation is obtained using which the installation is fed according to the single figure.
  • the pH is adjusted to a value of 7-7.2 by introduction of diluted sodium hydroxide at the junction 20 of the pipeline 19 and 9.
  • the cationic starch is introduced through element 8, which gives a contact time of 5 minutes.
  • the anionic starch is introduced through element 12, which gives a contact time of 30 seconds.
  • the amount of anionic starch was chosen so that the most turbidimetric reading is obtained low.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Papier in einer Anlage, die einen nassen Teil umfaßt, ausgehend von einem aus einer faserförmigen Zusammensetzung bestehenden Grundstoff, der Breie aus Cellulosefasern von der Rückgewinnung oder Recyclingbreie umfaßt, bei dem man in die genannte faserförmige Zusammensetzung an zwei oder mehreren Stellen der Anlage, die sich insbesondere in dem nassen Teil von ihr befinden und die voneinander getrennt sind, 0,2 % bis 5 % von einer oder mehreren kationischen Stärken und 0,2 % bis 5 % von einer oder mehreren anionischen Stärken einträgt, aus der Gruppe gewählt, die von Stärkesulfaten, Stärke-sulfocarboxylen und Stärke-carboxyalkylen gebildet wird, wobei die Prozentsätze, die an trockener Stärke durch das Verhältnis zur trockenen faserförmigen Zusammensetzung, der Anteil von kationischer Stärke durch das Verhältnis zur anionischen Stärke ausgedrückt werden, zwischen 10/1 und 1/10 betragen, wobei diese Verhältnisse in Trockengewicht von Stärke ausgedrückt sind.
  2. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Papier nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die kationischen Stärken unter denjenigen ausgewählt werden, die den Zustand eines Elektronenakzeptors aufweisen, erhalten mit Hilfe von Substitutionsgruppen elektropositiver Beschaffenheit, wobei die am häufigsten verwendeten solche sind, die ein tertiäres oder quaternäres Stickstoffatom umfassen und Phosphoniumgruppen sowie Sulfoniumgruppen ebenfalls verwendet werden können.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Substitutionsgrad der eingesetzten kationischen Stärken höchstens gleich 0,3 beträgt und vorzugsweise zwischen 0,02 und 0,20 und noch bevorzugter zwischen 0,04 und 0,15 liegt.
  4. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Papier nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die anionische Stärke aus der Gruppe gewählt wird, die Carboxymethylstärken, Succinylstärken, Stärke-sulfosuccinate und Stärkesulfate umfaßt.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Substitutionsgrad der eingesetzten anionischen Stärken höchstens gleich 1,5, vorzugsweise höchstens gleich 0,5 beträgt.
  6. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Papier nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die eingesetzten Mengen von kationischer Stärke und von anionischer Stärke zwischen 0,4 % und 3 %, noch bevorzugter zwischen 0,7 % und 2,5 % liegen, wobei die Prozentsätze in trockener Stärke durch das Verhältnis zur trockenen faserförmigen Zusammensetzung ausgedrückt sind.
  7. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Papier nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die kationischen Stärken und die anionischen Stärken in die faserförmige Zusammensetzung in Form von verdünntem, wäßrigem Kleber mit einer Konzentration von unter 5 %, vorzugsweise von unter 3 % und noch bevorzugter von unter 1 % eingetragen werden, wobei die untere Grenze 0,01 % beträgt.
  8. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Papier nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anteil von kationischer Stärke, bezogen auf die anionische Stärke zwischen 5/1 und 1/3 und vorzugsweise zwischen 3/1 und 1/2 liegt, wobei diese Verhältnisse in Trockengewicht von Stärke ausgedrückt sind.
EP88400568A 1987-03-13 1988-03-10 Verfahren zur Papierherstellung Expired - Lifetime EP0282415B2 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88400568T ATE63343T1 (de) 1987-03-13 1988-03-10 Verfahren zur papierherstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8703481 1987-03-13
FR8703481A FR2612213B1 (fr) 1987-03-13 1987-03-13 Procede de fabrication du papier

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0282415A1 EP0282415A1 (de) 1988-09-14
EP0282415B1 EP0282415B1 (de) 1991-05-08
EP0282415B2 true EP0282415B2 (de) 1999-10-06

Family

ID=9348951

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88400568A Expired - Lifetime EP0282415B2 (de) 1987-03-13 1988-03-10 Verfahren zur Papierherstellung

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US5129989A (de)
EP (1) EP0282415B2 (de)
JP (1) JP2667185B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE63343T1 (de)
AU (1) AU608577B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1302020C (de)
DE (1) DE3862661D1 (de)
DK (1) DK169573B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2022649T5 (de)
FI (1) FI93133C (de)
FR (1) FR2612213B1 (de)
GR (2) GR3001914T3 (de)
NO (1) NO170893C (de)
PT (1) PT86961B (de)

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE141357T1 (de) * 1991-07-02 1996-08-15 Eka Chemicals Ab Verfahren zur herstellung von papier
US5942086A (en) * 1994-08-16 1999-08-24 Philip Chem-Solv, Inc. Application of material to a substrate
FR2732368B1 (fr) * 1995-03-31 1997-06-06 Roquette Freres Nouveau procede de fabrication de papier
FR2734005B1 (fr) * 1995-05-12 1997-07-18 Roquette Freres Composition et procede pour le collage du papier
FR2743810B1 (fr) 1996-01-23 1998-04-10 Roquette Freres Polysaccharides cationiques modifies, compositions pour le collage les contenant et procedes pour le collage de structures planes mettant en oeuvre ces compositions
FR2748744B1 (fr) * 1996-05-15 1998-08-14 Roquette Freres Nouvelle composition de platre contenant un compose amylace
ID27649A (id) * 1998-06-10 2001-04-19 Cooperative Verkoop En P V A E Proses pembuatan kertas
CA2282211C (en) * 1998-10-16 2007-01-09 Grain Processing Corporation Process for preparing a paper web
US6413372B1 (en) * 1999-04-20 2002-07-02 National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation Starch polymer combinations used in papermaking
FR2794479B1 (fr) * 1999-06-04 2001-09-21 Roquette Freres Composition et procede pour la fabrication de structures planes, en particulier du papier ou du carton
WO2001094699A1 (en) * 2000-06-02 2001-12-13 National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation A method of making paper
US6918995B2 (en) * 2000-08-07 2005-07-19 Akzo Nobel N.V. Process for the production of paper
US20020166648A1 (en) * 2000-08-07 2002-11-14 Sten Frolich Process for manufacturing paper
US20040138438A1 (en) * 2002-10-01 2004-07-15 Fredrik Solhage Cationised polysaccharide product
US20040104004A1 (en) * 2002-10-01 2004-06-03 Fredrik Solhage Cationised polysaccharide product
FR2854898B1 (fr) 2003-05-12 2007-07-13 Roquette Freres Procede de cationisation d'amidons issus de legumineuses, amidons cationiques ainsi obtenus et leurs applications
US20060213630A1 (en) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-28 Bunker Daniel T Method for making a low density multi-ply paperboard with high internal bond strength
CL2008002019A1 (es) 2007-07-16 2009-01-16 Akzo Nobel Chemicals Int Bv Composicion de carga que comprende una carga, un compuesto inorganico cationico, un compuesto organico cationico y un polisacarido anionico; metodo para preparar dicha composicion; uso como aditivo para una suspension celulosica acuosa; procedimiento para producir papel; y papel.
FR2923832B1 (fr) 2007-11-20 2011-01-07 Roquette Freres Composition anionique aqueuse contenant au moins un amidon anionique gelatinise, soluble et, de preference, un amidon anionique insoluble, non gelatinise ou partiellement gonfle.
AT511413B1 (de) * 2011-05-10 2015-02-15 Steindl Roman Dipl Ing Verfahren zur herstellung von papierprodukten
US10240294B2 (en) * 2013-01-31 2019-03-26 Glatfelter Gernsbach Gmbh Crosslinking/functionalization system for a paper or non-woven web
CA2907078C (en) * 2013-03-15 2021-06-29 Dober Chemical Corp. Dewatering compositions and methods
FI20185272A1 (en) 2018-03-22 2019-09-23 Kemira Oyj The dry strength composition, its use, and the method of making paper, board or the like

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL262737A (de) * 1960-03-24
US3269852A (en) * 1963-02-01 1966-08-30 Miles Lab Cellulosic product of improved strength and process therefor
US4066495A (en) * 1974-06-26 1978-01-03 Anheuser-Busch, Incorporated Method of making paper containing cationic starch and an anionic retention aid
GR65316B (en) * 1978-06-20 1980-08-02 Arjomari Prioux Method for the preparation of fibrous leaf
FR2435554A1 (fr) * 1978-09-08 1980-04-04 Dalle & Lecomte Papeteries Produit papetier a forte teneur en charge
CA1139747A (en) * 1979-08-15 1983-01-18 Martin M. Tessler Starch ether derivatives, a method for the preparation thereof and their use in paper
SE8403062L (sv) * 1984-06-07 1985-12-08 Eka Ab Forfarande vid papperstillverkning

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI881107A (fi) 1988-09-14
FI93133C (fi) 1995-02-27
NO170893C (no) 1992-12-23
AU608577B2 (en) 1991-04-11
CA1302020C (en) 1992-06-02
DE3862661D1 (de) 1991-06-13
EP0282415B1 (de) 1991-05-08
DK135088A (da) 1988-09-14
FR2612213B1 (fr) 1989-06-30
JPS63264997A (ja) 1988-11-01
ES2022649T5 (es) 1999-12-16
GR3032281T3 (en) 2000-04-27
FI881107A0 (fi) 1988-03-09
FR2612213A1 (fr) 1988-09-16
NO881107D0 (no) 1988-03-11
AU1304088A (en) 1988-09-15
DK169573B1 (da) 1994-12-05
US5129989A (en) 1992-07-14
DK135088D0 (da) 1988-03-11
EP0282415A1 (de) 1988-09-14
ATE63343T1 (de) 1991-05-15
PT86961A (pt) 1988-04-01
PT86961B (pt) 1992-06-30
JP2667185B2 (ja) 1997-10-27
NO170893B (no) 1992-09-14
GR3001914T3 (en) 1992-11-23
FI93133B (fi) 1994-11-15
ES2022649B3 (es) 1991-12-01
NO881107L (no) 1988-09-14

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