Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
  • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
  • B01F27/84—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with two or more stirrers rotating at different speeds or in opposite directions about the same axis
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
  • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
  • B01F27/95—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with stirrers having planetary motion, i.e. rotating about their own axis and about a sun axis
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
  • B01F27/23—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis
  • B01F27/232—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis with two or more rotation axes
  • B01F27/2324—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis with two or more rotation axes planetary

Definitions

• a double-acting stirring unit A double-acting stirring unit.
• the invention concerns a double-acting stirring unit with a drive shaft and stirring blades placed on this which stirring blades have been placed evenly distributed around the drive shaft with which their longitudinal axes from a 5predetermined angle of 45-90° where the stirring blades have been placed in a circle and in pairs opposite each other where each stirring blade is rotary embedded around its longitudinal axis as a first axis of rotation, where each stirring blade is rotary embedded near the drive shaft axis which forms another '.lOaxis of rotation where all the bedidngs of all the stirring blades in each circle of stirring blades are attached to the drive shaft for rotation together with this around the other axis of rotation, and where all the stirring blades in each circle through a gear wheel each mesh with a joint gear wheel.
• the double-acting stirring unit to the invention is characteristic in that the joint gear wheel is freely rotary embedded around the drive shaft around said other axis of rotation, and that each stirring blade is rotary displaced in relation to the neighbouring stirring blades and has a
• the S-shape is characteristic in that their movement through a liquid or through the passage of a liquid past the stirring blades will offer more resistance than the liquid flow than on the other side of each stirring blade rotated against the liquid flow. Further, it is achieved that 5the ratio between the axial and the radial velocities in the stirring medium may be almost constant so that a change in the drive shaft number of revolutions will not entail any changes other than that the liquid velocities and thus the stirring intensity will change correspondingly. This in turn entails Othat the stirring unit will be equally suitable for high and low viscous liquids.
• the rate of flow velocity generated by the stirring operation at the particular points of the stirring medium will be more uniform, i.e. will have less difference than if the stirring blade side edges were diverging or parallel.
• each stirring blade for a particular S-shape and a particular stirring medium has been adapted so that the sum of the velocity of each side edge point around the first and around the second axis of rotation counting vectorially is constant, it is achieved that the stirring medium well get the same resulting velocity throughout the medium touched by the stirring blades, i.e. both close to the drive shaft and far from the drive shaft, thus causing the stirring medium coming into contact with the stirring medi ⁇ ___i-to get the same energy pulse throughout the part of the stirring medium coming into contact with the stirring blades.
• Due to this even distribution of the..energy in the stirring medium a comparatively low power consumption is achieved for the stirring unit in relation to the stirring intensity occurred.
• each stirring blade in a circle of stirring 5blades which may in each circle be in a number of at least four where the cross section of each stirring blade has been turned 90° in relation to the neighbouring stirring blade cross section positions in a circle of four stirring blades, and where the cross section of each stirring blade has been turned 60° in relation to the neighbouring stirring blade cross section in a circle of six stirring blades, has been 5given rotation opposite to the neighbouring blade rotation through the joint gear wheel, we shall obtain the same uniform distribution of the stirring intensity but a higher mixing effect in the area for each circle of stirring blades.
• the cross section shape of the blades which when meshing with the 0
• the stirring unit has several circles of stirring blades consecutively placed on the same drive shaft, it is 5achieved that the stirring unit may be ' used in containers or pipes of a high length: diameter ratio with uniform distribution in the stirring intensity through the entire length of the pipe section of the container.
• each stirring blade has, of course, been adapted so that the torque transmitted through the joint gear wheel in a circle of stirring blades is higher than the torque required for carrying the other stirring blades past their rotation dead centre position with a view to the friction in the meshings for a circle of stirring blades and the friction in the stirring medium.
• the stirring blades may be placed embedded in a joint pipe, each with its longitudinal axis course radially inward Oand with its gear wheel placed at the pipe wall or possibly outside it engaged with a crown wheel rotary embedded around the pipe for transmission of the rotation of the constantly driving stirring blades to the stirring blades to the stirring blades driven when a liquid is pumped through the pipe.
• the toothed rim placed around the pipe may be put into rotation by a motor placed outside the pipe for increase of the stirring effect of the pipe.
• the principle of the S-shaped stirring blades and the joint gear wheel in mesh with the gear wheel of the.:stirring blades in each circle of stirring blades may also be applied in connection with wind or hydraulic power machines for con ⁇ version of the kinetic energy of the wind or of the water into mechanical energy.
• a driving machine may appropriately be designed so that two, or a multiple of this, of the rotary vanes may be put parallel with the others, thus reducing the flow action to a minimum, and the wind or hydraulic power machine will stop.
• Fig. 1 shows a stirring unit with two pairs of stirring blades which have converging side edges, and which have, viewed from their free blade end, the same rotation.
• Fig. 2 is a side view of the stirring unit shown in Fig. 1, partiallyin section.
• Fig. 3 is a section along III-III in Fig. 1 through a stirring blade.
• Fig. 4 is a stirring unit as a schematic side view with two pairs of stirring blades having converging side edges, and which, viewed from their free blade end, have in one pair rotation opposite to the blades of the other pair.
• Fig. 5 is a stirring unit with circles of stirring blades, the beddings of which all rotate together with the drive shaft, and whose joint gear wheel placed freely rotatable around the drive shaft axis is in mesh with the gear wheel of the stirring blades in both-, circles of stirring blades
• Fig. 6 is a wind or hydraulic power machine in the form of a windmill from a front view with two pairs of S-shaped rotor blades stationarily embedded, and whose rotation is synchronized bythe joint gear wheel which also serves as output shaft from .the windmill stationary cap.
• Fig. 7 is a side view and partial section of what is shown in Fig. 6,
• Fig. 8 is the drive medium flow around an S-vane in a position near its dead centre position where it will yield its smallest torque
• Fig. 9 is the S-vane near the position at which it will yield its highest torque to the joint gear wheel.
• Fig. 10 is an S-shaped stirring blade/vane of the Savonius type.
• Fig. 11 is an S-shaped stirring blade/vane of the anemometer type
• Fig. 12 is a stirring blade with parallel side edges and a stirring blade with diverging side edges.
• Figs. 1 and 2 show a stirring unit with a drive shaft 1 carrying a. single circle of stirring blades 2 of an S-like cross-section shape.
• Each stirring blade 2 has a gear wheel 3 in mesh with a joint gear wheel 4. All the gear wheels 2,3 are rotary embedded in a bearing housing 5 attached to the drive shaft 1.
• the stirring medium will, as mentioned before, due to the S-like shape of the stirring blades 2 give the stirring blades and thus their gear wheel 3 a rotation in the bearing housing 5.
• An example of an S-like blade cross section is shown in Fig. 3.
• the stirring blade axes 6 constitute the first axis of rotation of the stirring blades while the drive shaft axis 5.7 constitutes the other axis of rotation.
• S-like cross section shapes include the anemometer and Savonius vane blade shapes, see Figs. 10 and 11.
• the bedding of the stirring blades may be alone in the bearing housing 5 radially innermost but also a 1Obedding radially outermost in a round-going ring not shown which may be appropriate, e.g. for stirring blades with parallel or radially outwardly diverging edges.
• the converting vane edges 8 shown in the drawing are suitably adapted with such a convergence that the stirring 5blades will give the stirring medium a resulting stirring pulse which is constant throughout the length of the blade. This means that the stirring effect deriving from the stirring blade rotation around the first axis 6 will decrease in the radially outwards direction whereas the 0stirring effect deriving from the stirring blade rotation aorund the other axis 7 will increase in the radially outwards direction.
• the convergence is determined by tests with the stirring medium (media) for which the stirring unit is to be used.
• the stirring unit shown in Fig. 4 also has uniform stirring blades 2, 2A, in pairs opposite each other.
• One pair of stirring blades 2A has, however, an S-like cross section shape which is inversed of the cross section shape of the other pair of stirring blades 2.
• the side edges 8 of 0both pairs are converging in the radially outwards direction.
• the joint gear wheel 4A has been equipped, e.g. as shown, with two tooth sides for meshing with the gear wheels 3 for the . stirring blades 2 and 2A, respectively.
• Fig. 5 shows two circles of stirring blades 2 on the same drive shaft 1 where the rotation of the stirring blades 2,2A around the axes 6 is opposite in the two circles.
• the design of the stirring unit to the invention aims, for the structure
• the drive shaft number of revolutions is determined by the peripheral speed for the radially outermost ends of the stirring blades, and this peripheral speed should not
• the stirring unit has proved particularly suitable for mixing dough, powdered, paste-like and generally highly 0viscous masses.
• the stirring unit has radially outwardly converging stirring blades of of an S-like cross sectional shape, it has been shown in practice that with the - same mixing effect in a particular stirring medium, you need only use 10% of the energy consumption which used to be 5attached to the most economical stirring units.
• baffle plates in the stirring containers may be saved.
• stirring blades of simple S-like a cross sectional shape may be used, possibly reinforced centrally by a tubular centre part.
• the stirring blades With a higher length- width ratio for the stirring blades, it will be appropriate to compose the blade cross sections from three S-like surfaces or from a triangle cross section from whose triangle corners a longitudinal side comes out, e.g. forming an angle with the adjacebt surface of e.g. 115 .
• the double-acting Ostirring unit will yield a powerful radial pulse to the liquid, e.g. 8 times per drive shaft rotation, due to the fact that each of the stirring blades 2 is at right angles to their guide direction twice per drive shaft rotation at a stirring blade number of four. It must be assumed that this pulse will be of higher intensity than it would have been the case if the blades had been mounted fixed under 90° with the course of the blades. The power transmission between the stirring blades and the stirring medium would then be lost in a powerful turbulence in the stirring medium, and this turbulence would soon be braked by the inner friction of the stirring medium.
• the double-acting stirring unit to the invention will generate strong pulses which may spread further out in the stirring medium, and thus the number of stirring units may be reduced in comparison with stirring units known so far.
• the double-acting stirring unit may be brought to work satisfactorily in the range from 0.1 to 0.9, i.e. that the stirring diameter may
• Figs. 6 and 7 show a wind power machine in the form of a windmill which, as shown, has four rotor blades 2 rotary embedded around their own axis 6, but which are not rotary 0around the actual windmill axis 7.
• a central output shaft 10 there is a mechanical arrangement which will not only transmit the rotation of the rotor blades 2 to the output shaft 10, but also to the other rotor blades.
• there will always be a positive drive on 5the output shaft 10 naturally on condition that the rotor blades, like in the case of the stirring unit, are rotary displaced in relation to the neighbouring rotor blades.
• the rotor blades 2 are designed in such a manner that the wind finds it harder to pass at one side of the blade centre 01ine than on the other side. The torque thus generated will give the rotor blade a rotating movement-. Due to this design of the rotor blades, those of the rotor blades rotated at all times by the rotor blades driving at all times will have a particularly low resistance to the wind in the direction 5of rotation.
• Figs. 8 and 9 show the wind direction, where the arrow 11 shows the direction of rotation for the rotor blade, where plusses illustrate a driving side Oat the rotor blade and minusses a suction side or suction effect.
• the kinetic and static energy in the wind given at the side of the rotor blade rotating with the wind is converted into pressure energy at the top side, and by turbulence action into suction effect 5at the rotor blade bottom side.
• the vanes or the rotor blades at the windmill to the invention do not require to be adjusted in relation to wind force.
• the vanes are put more and more on edge at a rising wind force.
• the interaction between driving and driven rotor blades at the mill to the invemtion will see that the resulting moment is constant so that the number of revolutions for the particular rotor blades remains 0constant, even at high wind velocities. -The risk of the mill racing has thus been considerably reduced.
• the joint gear wheel 40 for synchronization of the reciprocally displaced rotary movements of the rotor blades 2 has been attached to the output shaft 10, the rotation of which is transmitted through a gear transmission 12 down through the vertical supporting structure 1 of the windmill through a drive shaft 15, e.g. for the operation of a dynamo or some other energy consuming equipment.
• a hydraulic pump may also be in direct mesh with the joint gear wheel 40 so that instead of the output shaft 7, the gear transmisison 12,and the drive shaft 15, hydraulic lines have been conducted to the hydraulic pump at the joint gear wheel 40.
• Fig. 10 shows a cross section through an S-like cross section through another stirring blade or rotor blade to the invention of the Savonlus type whereas Fig. 11 shows a stirring or rotor blade cross section of the anemometer type.
• Fig. 12 shows that even though a stirring blade or rotor blade 2 of converging shape is highly advantageous to the invention, also blades 2 of parallel and diverging shapes will be appropriate for certain applications, e.g. when you do not require a uniform mixture throughout the stirring unit range but e.g. want a heavier mixture at the vane tips.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
• Accessories For Mixers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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• 1986
  • 1986-09-01 DK DK416386A patent/DK416386A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1987
  • 1987-08-28 JP JP62505329A patent/JPH01501293A/ja active Pending
  • 1987-08-28 AU AU79608/87A patent/AU7960887A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1987-08-28 WO PCT/DK1987/000105 patent/WO1988001537A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1987-08-28 EP EP87905947A patent/EP0280713A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1987-08-28 BR BR8707447A patent/BR8707447A/pt unknown
  • 1987-09-01 ES ES8702541A patent/ES2007406A6/es not_active Expired
• 1988
  • 1988-04-28 FI FI881993A patent/FI881993A0/fi not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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