EP0280680A1 - Electromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices of internal combustion engines. - Google Patents

Electromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices of internal combustion engines.

Info

Publication number
EP0280680A1
EP0280680A1 EP86905724A EP86905724A EP0280680A1 EP 0280680 A1 EP0280680 A1 EP 0280680A1 EP 86905724 A EP86905724 A EP 86905724A EP 86905724 A EP86905724 A EP 86905724A EP 0280680 A1 EP0280680 A1 EP 0280680A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
magnet
guide sleeve
contact bridge
switching pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86905724A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0280680B1 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Bogner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0280680A1 publication Critical patent/EP0280680A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0280680B1 publication Critical patent/EP0280680B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
    • H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding

Definitions

  • Electromagnetic switch in particular for starting devices for internal combustion engines
  • the invention is based on an electromagnetic switch according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • the switch pin With such a switch, the switch pin is held pressed by the armature return spring against the magnet armature, so that the magnet armature and switch pin are only moved together and cannot move relative to one another.
  • the disadvantage here is that the switching pin has to travel the same distance as the magnet armature until the contact bridge is in contact with the main current contacts and the magnet armature is in contact with the magnet core.
  • the long switching path of the switching pin with the contact bridge requires a relatively large switching space.
  • Such a switch can no longer be used due to the ever smaller installation space that is still available on the motor vehicle.
  • an electromagnetic switch in which the armature can move relative to the switching pin, so that the switching space can be shortened, which is supported on the armature and directly on the
  • the armature return spring acting as an armature cannot influence the return movement of the contact bridge away from the main current contacts and thus cannot support the force of the return spring housed in the control room in order to ensure the safe release of the contact bridge from the main current contacts.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an electromagnetic switch of the type mentioned with a shortened length, in which a safe release of the contact bridge from the main power contacts is made possible.
  • the measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous developments of the switch specified in the main claim. It is particularly advantageous to guide the switching pin through the guide sleeve, for example made of glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic, both in the magnetic core and in the magnet armature, in order to avoid the undesirable shaking and shaking, which occurs particularly during rough operation in motor vehicles Vibration influences become ineffective and thus prevent damage to the magnet armature and core as well as to the switching pin.
  • the compression spring applied to the magnetic core can be made sufficiently strong to reliably detach the contact bridge from the main current contacts independently of the armature return spring.
  • An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing. It shows an electromagnetic switch in longitudinal section.
  • An electromagnetic switch has a cup-shaped housing 1, which also serves as a yoke.
  • a magnetic core 2 rests on its end face.
  • a brass sleeve 3 On one shoulder of the magnetic core 2 sits one end of a brass sleeve 3, the other end of which is inserted into a bore in the bottom of the housing 1.
  • a winding support 4 On the brass sleeve 3, a winding support 4 is arranged, on which an excitation winding, which is formed from a pull-in winding 5 and a holding winding 6, is accommodated.
  • a spring 7 is inserted which holds the winding support 4 in the housing 1 in a tolerance-compensating and vibration-resistant manner.
  • the outer end face of the magnetic core 2 delimits a switch space 8, which is enclosed by a cap 9.
  • the cap 9 has a flange 10 on its edge facing the magnetic core 2.
  • a spring element 11 is inserted between the magnetic core 2 and the edge of the cap.
  • a mounting edge. 12 of the housing 1 extends over the magnetic core 2 and the flange 10 and is flanged behind the flange 10.
  • two main current contacts 13 and 1 4 are fastened, which protrude into the control room 8 and have connecting bolts leading from the cap 9, which in a manner known per se and not shown in more detail to the positive pole of a battery or to the field winding of a starting motor are connected.
  • a magnetic armature 15 is guided in the brass sleeve 3 so as to be resistant to shaking.
  • a driver 16 is fastened for an engagement lever, not shown, of a single-track transmission.
  • the magnet armature 15 has a longitudinal bore 17 in which an actuating pin 18 made of magnetizable material is fastened.
  • the actuating pin 18 protrudes into an enlarged section 19 of the longitudinal bore 17, which is adjoined by an end section 20 which widens in a funnel shape.
  • a compression spring, which serves as an armature return spring 21, is seated in the bore section 19.
  • the end windings are widened, whereby the spring end is fixed in the magnet armature 15.
  • the end windings of the armature return spring 21 or the armature return spring 21 as a whole can also have a smaller diameter, so that the spring end can be fastened on the actuating bolt 18.
  • a switching pin 22 made of non-magnetic material projects through a bore 23 of the magnetic core 2. It has a collar 24 at the end section which faces the actuating pin 18. On the collar 24 and an adjoining central portion of the switching pin 22 is one Guide sleeve 25 made of damping and insulating material, for example made of a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic. The guide sleeve 25 serves as a guide and mounting of the switching pin 22. In the region of the collar 24, the switching pin 22 is by means of an enlarged end portion 26 of the guide sleeve 25 in section 19 of the
  • Switching pin 22 projects into the switching space 8 with one end section.
  • a contact pressure spring 27, a contact bridge support 28 made of insulating material, which carries a contact bridge 29, a washer 30 and a stop ring 32 seated in an annular groove 31 are arranged on the end section.
  • the contact bridge carrier 28 In the rest position of the switch, the contact bridge carrier 28 is seated in an enlarged end section 33 of the bore 23 of the magnetic core 2.
  • the armature return spring 21 abuts one end against the end face 34 of the switching pin 22.
  • the contact pressure spring 27, which is supported at one end on the contact bridge support 28, is at the other end on the end face 35 of the guide sleeve 25.
  • a compression spring 36 surrounds the guide sleeve 25 such that it is supported at one end in an annular recess 37 on the end face of the magnetic core 2 facing the magnet armature 15 and with its other end against a collar 38 which is located at the transition of the guide sleeve 25 in the latter enlarged end portion 26 is formed.
  • the compression spring 36 is supported via the guide sleeve 25 on the collar 24 of the switching pin 25.
  • the compression spring 36 is provided with a stronger compression force than the armature return spring 21.
  • the spring arrangement 21, 36 holds the assembly of switching pins 22, 24, 34 together with the guide sleeve 25, 26, 35, 38, contact pressure spring 27, contact bridge support 28 with contact bridge 29 and the magnet armature 15 with actuating pin 18 in the in due to the bias of the armature return spring 21 Drawing shown rest position.
  • the magnet armature 15 When the winding 5, 6 is energized, the magnet armature 15 is pulled against the force of the armature return spring 21, which is further tensioned, against the force of the armature return spring 21, which is engaged, against the force of the armature return spring 21, which is further tensioned, to the magnetic core 2 to engage the pinion of the aforementioned single-speed transmission, not shown .
  • the magnet armature 15 together with the actuating pin 18 is moved towards the magnetic core 2 and the switching pin 22. If the actuating pin 18 rests on the end face of the switching pin 22, the switching pin 22 is pushed further into the switching space 8 during the further retraction movement of the magnet armature 15, the compression spring 36 also being tensioned.
  • the contact bridge 29 is pressed against the main current contacts 13 and 14 and with the support of the contact pressure spring 27 held on the main current contacts 13 and 14.
  • the starter motor not shown, connected to the connecting bolt of the main current contact 13 is connected in a manner known per se to the current source, also not shown, connected to the connecting bolt of the main current contact 14.
  • the starter motor receives current for starting the internal combustion engine.
  • the power supply to the field winding of the electromagnetic switch is switched off.
  • the compression spring 36 which is provided with a much greater spring force than the armature return spring 21, then immediately separates the contact bridge 29 from the main current contacts 13 and 14.
  • the switching pin 22 together with the guide sleeve 25, contact bridge carrier 28 and contact bridge 29 is moved back by the strong compression spring 36 into the rest position shown in the drawing and releases the magnet armature 15 from the magnet core 2. Then the armature return spring 21 moves the magnet armature 15 further back into its initial position

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Interrupteur électromagnétique, en particulier pour les dispositifs de démarrage de moteurs à combustion interne, dont l'axe (22) qui porte le pont de contact (29) pour les contacts (13 et 14) de courant principal est équipé d'un manchon de guidage (25), qui porte et guide l'axe (22) dans l'armature (15) et le noyau (2) de l'aimant. L'axe (22) s'appuie sur les ressorts (21 et 36), et ainsi sur l'armature (15) et le noyau (2) de l'aimant par l'intermédiaire du manchon de guidage (25) sur lequel s'appuient d'un côté un ressort de rappel (21) appliqué contre l'armature (15) de l'aimant et de l'autre côté un ressort de pression (36) plus fort appliqué contre le noyau (2) de l'aimant. L'armature (15) de l'aimant et l'axe (22), avec le manchon de guidage (25), peuvent se déplacer les uns par rapport aux autres. En conséquence la distance entre le pont de contact (29) et les contacts (13 et 14) de courant principal peut être maintenue plus faible que la course de l'armature (15) de l'aimant vers le noyau (2) de celui-ci. Le ressort de pression ( 36), après fermeture de l'interrupteur, sépare de manière fiable le pont de contact (29) des contacts de courant principal, amène l'axe (22) à sa position de repos et écarte l'armature (15) du noyau (2) de l'aimant, après quoi le ressort de rappel (21) de l'armature ramène l'armature (15) de l'aimant à sa position de départ.Electromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices of internal combustion engines, of which the axis (22) which carries the contact bridge (29) for the contacts (13 and 14) of the main current is equipped with a sleeve of guide (25), which carries and guides the axis (22) in the frame (15) and the core (2) of the magnet. The axis (22) rests on the springs (21 and 36), and thus on the armature (15) and the core (2) of the magnet via the guide sleeve (25) on which rest on one side a return spring (21) applied against the armature (15) of the magnet and on the other side a stronger pressure spring (36) applied against the core (2) of the 'magnet. The armature (15) of the magnet and the axis (22), together with the guide sleeve (25), can move relative to each other. Consequently, the distance between the contact bridge (29) and the main current contacts (13 and 14) can be kept smaller than the stroke of the armature (15) of the magnet towards the core (2) of the magnet. -this. The pressure spring (36), after closing the switch, reliably separates the contact bridge (29) from the main current contacts, brings the shaft (22) to its rest position and moves the armature ( 15) of the magnet core (2), after which the armature return spring (21) returns the magnet armature (15) to its starting position.

Description

Elektromagnetischer Schalter, insbesondere für Andrehvorrichtungen von BrennkraftmaschinenElectromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices for internal combustion engines
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht von einem elektromagnetischen Schalter nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs aus. Bei solch einem Schalter wird der Schaltbolzen von der Ankerrückstellfeder an den Magnetanker gedrückt gehalten, so daß Magnetanker und Schaltbolzen nur miteinander bewegt werden und keine Relativbewegung zueinander ausüben können. Dabei ist von Nachteil, daß der Schaltbolzen den gleich großen Weg zurücklegen muß wie der Magnetanker bis die Kontaktbrücke an den Hauptstromkontakten und der Magnetanker am Magnetkern anliegen. Der lange Schaltweg des Schaltbolzens mit der Kontaktbrücke erfordert einen verhältnismäßig großen Schaltraum. Solch ein Schalter wiederum ist durch den immer mehr verkleinerten Einbauraum, der am Kraftfahrzeug dafür noch zur Verfügung steht, nicht mehr verwendbar. Weiterhin ist ein elektromagnetischer Schalter bekannt, bei dem der Magnetanker sich gegenüber dem Schaltbolzen bewegen kann, so daß zwar der Schaltraum verkürzt werden kann, die sich am Magnetanker abstützende und direkt auf den Magnetanker wirkende Ankerrückstellfeder kann jedoch nicht die Rückstellbewegung der Kontaktbrücke von den Hauptstromkontakten weg beeinflussen und somit auch nicht die Kraft der im Schaltraum untergebrachten Rückführfeder unterstützen, um das sichere Lösen der Kontaktbrücke von den Hauptstromkontakten zu gewährleisten.The invention is based on an electromagnetic switch according to the preamble of the main claim. With such a switch, the switch pin is held pressed by the armature return spring against the magnet armature, so that the magnet armature and switch pin are only moved together and cannot move relative to one another. The disadvantage here is that the switching pin has to travel the same distance as the magnet armature until the contact bridge is in contact with the main current contacts and the magnet armature is in contact with the magnet core. The long switching path of the switching pin with the contact bridge requires a relatively large switching space. Such a switch, in turn, can no longer be used due to the ever smaller installation space that is still available on the motor vehicle. Furthermore, an electromagnetic switch is known in which the armature can move relative to the switching pin, so that the switching space can be shortened, which is supported on the armature and directly on the However, the armature return spring acting as an armature cannot influence the return movement of the contact bridge away from the main current contacts and thus cannot support the force of the return spring housed in the control room in order to ensure the safe release of the contact bridge from the main current contacts.
Aufgabe, Lösung und Vorteile der ErfindungObject, solution and advantages of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen elektromagnetischen Schalter der eingangs genannten Art mit verkürzter Baulänge zu schaffen, bei dem ein sicheres Lösen der Kontaktbrücke von den Hauptstromkontakten ermöglicht wird.The invention has for its object to provide an electromagnetic switch of the type mentioned with a shortened length, in which a safe release of the contact bridge from the main power contacts is made possible.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe sind die im Kennzeichen des Hauptanspruchs angegebenen Maßnahmen vorgesehen.The measures specified in the characterizing part of the main claim are provided to solve the problem.
Dabei ist von Vorteil gegenüber den bekannten elektromagnetischen Schaltern, daß der Schaltweg für den Schaltbolzen und die Kontaktbrücke klein und somit der Schaltraum flach gehalten werden kann und die Kont aktbrücke mit Hilfe der sich am Magnetkern abstützenden Druckfeder sicher von den Hauptstromkontakten gelöst und somit ein Schweißen an den Hauptstromkontakten verhindert wird.It is an advantage over the known electromagnetic switches that the switching path for the switching pin and the contact bridge can be kept small, and thus the switching space can be kept flat, and the contact bridge can be safely disconnected from the main current contacts with the aid of the compression spring supported on the magnetic core and thus welding the main power contacts is prevented.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Schalters möglich. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Führung des Schaltbolzens durch die beispielsweise aus glasfaserverstärktem Thermoplast bestehende Führungshülse sowohl im Magnetkern als auch im Magnetanker, um die besonders bei dem rauhen Betrieb in Kraftfahrzeugen auftretenden unerwünschten Schüttel- und Schwingeinflüsse unwirksam werden zu lassen und um somit Schäden am Magnetanker und -kern sowie am Schaltbolzen zu verhindern. Darüber hinaus läßt sich die am Magnetkern anliegende Druckfeder ausreichend stark ausbilden, um unabhängig von der Ankerrückstellfeder die Kontaktbrücke sicher von den Hauptstromkontakten zu lösen.The measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous developments of the switch specified in the main claim. It is particularly advantageous to guide the switching pin through the guide sleeve, for example made of glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic, both in the magnetic core and in the magnet armature, in order to avoid the undesirable shaking and shaking, which occurs particularly during rough operation in motor vehicles Vibration influences become ineffective and thus prevent damage to the magnet armature and core as well as to the switching pin. In addition, the compression spring applied to the magnetic core can be made sufficiently strong to reliably detach the contact bridge from the main current contacts independently of the armature return spring.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Sie zeigt einen elektromagnetischen Schalter im Längsschnitt.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing. It shows an electromagnetic switch in longitudinal section.
Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielesDescription of the embodiment
Ein elektromagnetischer Schalter hat ein topfförmiges Gehäuse 1, das zugleich als Rückschlußjoch dient. An seiner Stirnseite liegt ein Magnetkern 2 an. Auf einem Absatz des Magnetkerns 2 sitzt ein Ende einer Messinghülse 3, deren anderes Ende in eine Bohrung im Boden des Gehäuses 1 eingesetzt ist. Auf der Messinghülse 3 ist ein Wicklungsträger 4 angeordnet, auf dem eine Erregerwicklung, welche aus einer Einzugswicklung 5 und einer Haltewicklung 6 gebildet ist, untergebracht ist. Zwischen dem Boden des Gehäuses 1 und dem Wicklungsträger 4 ist eine Feder 7 eingesetzt, die den Wicklungsträger 4 toleranzausgleichend und schüttelfest im Gehäuse 1 hält.An electromagnetic switch has a cup-shaped housing 1, which also serves as a yoke. A magnetic core 2 rests on its end face. On one shoulder of the magnetic core 2 sits one end of a brass sleeve 3, the other end of which is inserted into a bore in the bottom of the housing 1. On the brass sleeve 3, a winding support 4 is arranged, on which an excitation winding, which is formed from a pull-in winding 5 and a holding winding 6, is accommodated. Between the bottom of the housing 1 and the winding support 4, a spring 7 is inserted which holds the winding support 4 in the housing 1 in a tolerance-compensating and vibration-resistant manner.
Die äußere Stirnseite des Magnetkerns 2 begrenzt einen Schaltraum 8, der von einer Kappe 9 umschlossen ist. Die Kappe 9 hat an ihrem dem Magnetkern 2 zugewandten Rand einen Flansch 10. Zwischen Magnetkern 2 und Kappenrand ist ein Federelement 11 eingelegt. Ein Befestigungsrand. 12 des Gehäuses 1 greift über den Magnetkern 2 und den Flansch 10 und ist hinter dem Flansch 10 umgebördelt. In der Kappe 9 sind zwei Hauptstromkontakte 13 und 1 4 befestigt, die in den Schaltraum 8 ragen und aus der Kappe 9 führende Anschlußbolzen haben, die in an sich bekannter und nicht näher dargestellter Weise an den Pluspol einer Batterie bzw. an die Feldwicklung eines Andrehmotors angeschlossen sind.The outer end face of the magnetic core 2 delimits a switch space 8, which is enclosed by a cap 9. The cap 9 has a flange 10 on its edge facing the magnetic core 2. A spring element 11 is inserted between the magnetic core 2 and the edge of the cap. A mounting edge. 12 of the housing 1 extends over the magnetic core 2 and the flange 10 and is flanged behind the flange 10. In the cap 9, two main current contacts 13 and 1 4 are fastened, which protrude into the control room 8 and have connecting bolts leading from the cap 9, which in a manner known per se and not shown in more detail to the positive pole of a battery or to the field winding of a starting motor are connected.
In der Messinghülse 3 ist ein Magnetanker 15 schüttelfest geführt. An seinem aus der Messinghülse 3 und somit aus dem Gehäuse 1 ragenden Ende ist ein Mitnehmer 16 für einen nicht näher dargestellten Einrückhebel eines Einspurgetriebes befestigt. Der Magnetanker 15 hat eine Längsbohrung 17, in der ein Betätigungsbolzen 18 aus magnetisierbarem Werkstoff befestigt ist. Der Betätigungsbolzen 18 ragt in einen erweiterten Abschnitt 19 äer Längsbohrung 17, an welchen ein sich trichterförmig erweiternder Endabschnitt 20 anschließt. In dem Bohrungsabschnitt 19 sitzt eine Druckfeder, die als Ankerrückstellfeder 21 dient. Deren Endwindungen sind aufgeweitet, wodurch das Federende im Magnetanker 15 befestigt ist. Die Endwindungen der Ankerrückstellfeder 21 können oder die Ankerrückstellfeder 21 insgesamt kann auch einen kleineren Durchmesser haben, so daß das Federende auf dem Betätigungsbolzen 18 befestigbar ist.A magnetic armature 15 is guided in the brass sleeve 3 so as to be resistant to shaking. At its end protruding from the brass sleeve 3 and thus from the housing 1, a driver 16 is fastened for an engagement lever, not shown, of a single-track transmission. The magnet armature 15 has a longitudinal bore 17 in which an actuating pin 18 made of magnetizable material is fastened. The actuating pin 18 protrudes into an enlarged section 19 of the longitudinal bore 17, which is adjoined by an end section 20 which widens in a funnel shape. A compression spring, which serves as an armature return spring 21, is seated in the bore section 19. The end windings are widened, whereby the spring end is fixed in the magnet armature 15. The end windings of the armature return spring 21 or the armature return spring 21 as a whole can also have a smaller diameter, so that the spring end can be fastened on the actuating bolt 18.
Ein Schaltbolzen 22 aus unmagnetischem Werkstoff ragt durch eine Bohrung 23 des Magnetkerns 2. Er hat am Endabschnitt, welcher dem Betätigungsbolzen 18 zugewandt ist, einen Bund 24 . Auf dem Bund 24 und einem daran grenzenden Mittelabschnitt des Schaltbolzens 22 ist eine Führungshülse 25 aus Dämpf- und Isolierstoff angeordnet, beispielsweise aus einem glasfaserverstärkten Thermoplast. Die Führungshülse 25 dient als Führung und Lagerung des Schaltbolzens 22. Im Bereich des Bundes 24 ist der Schaltbolzen 22 mittels eines erweiterten Endabschnitts 26 der Führungshülse 25 im Abschnitt 19 derA switching pin 22 made of non-magnetic material projects through a bore 23 of the magnetic core 2. It has a collar 24 at the end section which faces the actuating pin 18. On the collar 24 and an adjoining central portion of the switching pin 22 is one Guide sleeve 25 made of damping and insulating material, for example made of a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic. The guide sleeve 25 serves as a guide and mounting of the switching pin 22. In the region of the collar 24, the switching pin 22 is by means of an enlarged end portion 26 of the guide sleeve 25 in section 19 of the
Bohrung 17 und somit im Magnetanker 15 geführt. In seinem Mittelabschnitt ist der dort noch von der Führungshülse 25 umgebene Schaltbolzen 22 in der Bohrung 23 des Magnetkerns 2 gelagert und geführt. Die Führungshülse 25 ans Schütteleinflüsse dämpfendem Werkstoff verhindert das Schlagen des Schaltbolzens 22 in dem Bohrungsabschnitt 19 des Magnetankers 15, das zu Schäden am Magnetanker 15 führen kann, zumal der Schaltbolzen 22 aus nichtmagnetisierbarem Material härter als der Magnetanker 15 ist.Bore 17 and thus guided in the armature 15. In its central section, the switching pin 22, which is still surrounded there by the guide sleeve 25, is supported and guided in the bore 23 of the magnetic core 2. The guide sleeve 25 to the shaking influences damping material prevents the switching pin 22 from striking in the bore section 19 of the magnet armature 15, which can lead to damage to the magnet armature 15, especially since the switching pin 22 made of non-magnetizable material is harder than the magnet armature 15.
Durch Verwendung der Führungshülse 25 kann billigerer und weicherer Werkstoff, beispielsweise Messing; für den Schaltbolzen 22 verwendet werden.By using the guide sleeve 25, cheaper and softer material, for example brass; can be used for the switching pin 22.
Schaltbolzen 22 ragt mit einem Endabschnitt in den Schaltraum 8. Auf dem Endabschnitt sind eine Kontaktdruckfeder 27, ein Kontaktbrückenträger 28 aus isolierendem Material, welcher eine Kontaktbrücke 29 trägt, eine Scheibe 30 und ein in einer Ringnut 31 sitzender Anschlagring 32 angeordnet. Der Kontaktbrückenträger 28 sitzt in der Ruhestellung des Schalters in einem erweiterten Endabschnitt 33 der Bohrung 23 des Magnetkerns 2.Switching pin 22 projects into the switching space 8 with one end section. A contact pressure spring 27, a contact bridge support 28 made of insulating material, which carries a contact bridge 29, a washer 30 and a stop ring 32 seated in an annular groove 31 are arranged on the end section. In the rest position of the switch, the contact bridge carrier 28 is seated in an enlarged end section 33 of the bore 23 of the magnetic core 2.
Die Ankerrückstellfeder 21 liegt mit einem Ende an der Stirnseite 34 des Schaltbolzens 22 an. Die Kontaktdruckfeder 27, welche sich mit einem Ende am Kontaktbrückenträger 28 abstützt, liegt mit ihrem anderen Ende an der Stirnseite 35 der Führungshülse 25 an. Eine Druckfeder 36 umgibt die Führungshülse 25 derart, daß sie sich mit einem Ende in einer ringförmigen Vertiefung 37 an der dem Magnetanker 15 zugewandten Stirnseite des Magnetkerns 2 abstützt und mit ihrem anderen Ende an einem Bund 38 anliegt, welcher am Übergang der Führungshülse 25 in deren erweiterten Endabschnitt 26 ausgebildet ist. Dadurch stützt sich die Druckfeder 36 über die Führungshülse 25 am Bund 24 des Schaltbolzens 25 ab. Die Druckfeder 36 ist mit stärkerer Druckkraft versehen als die Ankerrückstellfeder 21.The armature return spring 21 abuts one end against the end face 34 of the switching pin 22. The contact pressure spring 27, which is supported at one end on the contact bridge support 28, is at the other end on the end face 35 of the guide sleeve 25. A compression spring 36 surrounds the guide sleeve 25 such that it is supported at one end in an annular recess 37 on the end face of the magnetic core 2 facing the magnet armature 15 and with its other end against a collar 38 which is located at the transition of the guide sleeve 25 in the latter enlarged end portion 26 is formed. As a result, the compression spring 36 is supported via the guide sleeve 25 on the collar 24 of the switching pin 25. The compression spring 36 is provided with a stronger compression force than the armature return spring 21.
Die Federanordnung 21, 36 hält aufgrund der Vorspannung der Ankerrückstelleder 21 die Baugruppe aus Schaltbolzen 22, 24 , 34 samt Führungshülse 25, 26, 35, 38, Kontaktdruckfeder 27, Kontaktbrückenträger 28 mit Kontaktbrücke 29 sowie den Magnetanker 15 mit Betätigungsbolzen 18 in der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ruhestellung.The spring arrangement 21, 36 holds the assembly of switching pins 22, 24, 34 together with the guide sleeve 25, 26, 35, 38, contact pressure spring 27, contact bridge support 28 with contact bridge 29 and the magnet armature 15 with actuating pin 18 in the in due to the bias of the armature return spring 21 Drawing shown rest position.
Bei erregter Wicklung 5, 6 wird der Magnetanker 15 zum Einspuren des nicht dargestellten Andrehritzels des erwähnten Einspurgetriebes über den ebenfalls nicht dargestellten, am Mitnehmer 16 des Magnetankers 15 angelenkten Einrückhebel entgegen der Kraft der Ankerrückstellfeder 21, die weiter gespannt wird, an den Magnetkern 2 gezogen. Dabei wird zunächst der Magnetanker 15 samt Betätigungsbolzen 18 auf den Magnetkern 2 und den Schaltbolzen 22 zu bewegt. Liegt der Betätigungsbolzen 18 an der Stirnseite des Schaltbolzens 22 an, dann wird bei der weiteren Einzugsbewegung des Magnetankers 15 der Schaltbolzen 22 weiter in den Schaltraum 8 geschoben, wobei auch die Druckfeder 36 gespannt wird. Bei der Bewegung des Schaltbolzens 22 in den Schaltraum 8 wird die Kontaktbrücke 29 an die Hauptstromkontakte 13 und 14 gedrückt und mit Unterstützung der Kontaktdruck feder 27 an den Hauptstromkontakten 13 und 14 gehalten. Dadurch wird der an den Anschlußbolzen des Hauptstromkontakts 13 angeschlossene, nicht dargestellte Andrehmotor mit der an den Anschlußbolzen des Hauptstromkontakts 14 angeschlossenen, ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Stromquelle in an sich bekannter Weise verbunden, Der Andrehmotor erhält Strom zum Andrehen der Brennkraftmaschine.When the winding 5, 6 is energized, the magnet armature 15 is pulled against the force of the armature return spring 21, which is further tensioned, against the force of the armature return spring 21, which is engaged, against the force of the armature return spring 21, which is further tensioned, to the magnetic core 2 to engage the pinion of the aforementioned single-speed transmission, not shown . First, the magnet armature 15 together with the actuating pin 18 is moved towards the magnetic core 2 and the switching pin 22. If the actuating pin 18 rests on the end face of the switching pin 22, the switching pin 22 is pushed further into the switching space 8 during the further retraction movement of the magnet armature 15, the compression spring 36 also being tensioned. When the switching pin 22 moves into the switching space 8, the contact bridge 29 is pressed against the main current contacts 13 and 14 and with the support of the contact pressure spring 27 held on the main current contacts 13 and 14. As a result, the starter motor, not shown, connected to the connecting bolt of the main current contact 13 is connected in a manner known per se to the current source, also not shown, connected to the connecting bolt of the main current contact 14. The starter motor receives current for starting the internal combustion engine.
Ist die Brennkraftmaschine angelaufen, wird die Stromzufuhr zur Erregerwicklung des elektromagnetischen Schalters abgeschaltet. Die mit wesentlich größerer Federkraft als die Ankerrückstellfeder 21 versehene Druckfeder 36 trennt dann sofort die Kontaktbrücke 29 von den Hauptstromkontakten 13 und 1 4 . Der Schaltbolzen 22 samt Führungshülse 25, Kontaktbrückenträger 28 und Kontaktbrücke 29 wird dabei von der starken Druckfeder 36 in die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Ruhestellung zurückbewegt und löst den Magnetanker 15 vom Magnetkern 2. Dann bewegt die Ankerrückstellfeder 21 den Magnetanker 1 5 weiter in seine Ausgangsstellung zurück When the internal combustion engine has started, the power supply to the field winding of the electromagnetic switch is switched off. The compression spring 36, which is provided with a much greater spring force than the armature return spring 21, then immediately separates the contact bridge 29 from the main current contacts 13 and 14. The switching pin 22 together with the guide sleeve 25, contact bridge carrier 28 and contact bridge 29 is moved back by the strong compression spring 36 into the rest position shown in the drawing and releases the magnet armature 15 from the magnet core 2. Then the armature return spring 21 moves the magnet armature 15 further back into its initial position

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Elektromagnetischer Schalter, insbesondere für Andrehvorrichtungen von Brennkraftmaschinen, mit einem Gehäuse, in dem ein Wicklungsträger mit einer Erregerwicklung und einer Führungshülse untergebracht ist, in welcher ein mit einem Betätigungsbolzen und mit einer Ankerrückstellfeder versehener Magnetanker geführt ist, und mit einem an einer Stirnseite des Gehäuses angeordneten Magnetkern, in dem ein mit einem Bund versehener Schaltbolzen verschiebbar geführt ist, auf welchem eine sich an einem Kontaktbrückenträger abstützende Kontaktdruckfeder sowie der Kontaktbrückenträger samt Kontaktbrücke bewegbar angeordnet sind, wobei der Schaltbolzen zusammen mit Kontaktbrückenträger und Kontaktbrücke in einen Schaltraum ragt, der von einer Kappe abgedeckt ist, in der zwei in den Schaltraum ragende Hauptstromkontakte angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf den Schaltbolzen (22) eine Führungshülse (25) sitzt, an einer Stirnseite (34) des Schaltbolzens (22) die Ankerrückstellfeder (21) und an einer Stirnseite (35) der Führungshülse (25) die Kontaktdruckfeder (27) anliegen, und die Führungshülse (22) einen Anschlag (38) aufweist, der durch eine Druckfeder (36) an den Bund ( 24 ) des Schaltbolzens (22) drückbar ist, welche sich am Magnetkern (2) abstützt. 1.Electromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices for internal combustion engines, with a housing in which a winding carrier with an excitation winding and a guide sleeve is accommodated, in which a magnet armature provided with an actuating bolt and with an armature return spring is guided, and with one on an end face of the Housing arranged magnetic core, in which a switching pin provided with a collar is slidably guided, on which a contact pressure spring supported on a contact bridge support and the contact bridge support together with the contact bridge are movably arranged, the switching pin together with the contact bridge support and contact bridge projecting into a switching space which extends from one Cap is covered, in which two main current contacts projecting into the switching space are arranged, characterized in that a guide sleeve (25) is seated on the switching pin (22) and the on one end face (34) of the switching pin (22) return spring (21) and on an end face (35) of the guide sleeve (25) the contact pressure spring (27) abut, and the guide sleeve (22) has a stop (38) by a compression spring (36) on the collar (24) of the Switching pin (22) can be pressed, which is supported on the magnetic core (2).
2. Schalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die auf dem Schaltbolzen (22) sitzende Führungshülse (25) im Magnetanker (15, 19) und im Magnetkern (2, 23) geführt ist.2. Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide sleeve (25) seated on the switching pin (22) is guided in the magnet armature (15, 19) and in the magnet core (2, 23).
3. Schalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Führungshülse (25) aus einem dämpfenden, verschleißarmen Kunststoff besteht.3. Switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide sleeve (25) consists of a damping, low-wear plastic.
4. Schalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckfeder (36) mit einer größeren Federkraft versehen ist als die Ankerrückstellfeder (21). 4. Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the compression spring (36) is provided with a greater spring force than the armature return spring (21).
EP19860905724 1985-10-23 1986-09-23 Electromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices of internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP0280680B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853537598 DE3537598A1 (en) 1985-10-23 1985-10-23 ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCHES, IN PARTICULAR FOR TURNING DEVICES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE3537598 1985-10-23

Publications (2)

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EP0280680A1 true EP0280680A1 (en) 1988-09-07
EP0280680B1 EP0280680B1 (en) 1991-04-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860905724 Expired - Lifetime EP0280680B1 (en) 1985-10-23 1986-09-23 Electromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices of internal combustion engines

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4755781A (en)
EP (1) EP0280680B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07101587B2 (en)
AU (1) AU584467B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8607200A (en)
DE (2) DE3537598A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1987002824A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4755781A (en) 1988-07-05
JPH07101587B2 (en) 1995-11-01
AU6405686A (en) 1987-05-19
BR8607200A (en) 1988-09-13
EP0280680B1 (en) 1991-04-24
DE3678966D1 (en) 1991-05-29
JPS63501832A (en) 1988-07-21
AU584467B2 (en) 1989-05-25
DE3537598A1 (en) 1987-05-27
WO1987002824A1 (en) 1987-05-07

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