EP0477746B1 - Electromagnetic actuator, especially for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuator, especially for motor vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0477746B1
EP0477746B1 EP91115809A EP91115809A EP0477746B1 EP 0477746 B1 EP0477746 B1 EP 0477746B1 EP 91115809 A EP91115809 A EP 91115809A EP 91115809 A EP91115809 A EP 91115809A EP 0477746 B1 EP0477746 B1 EP 0477746B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
magnet
lifting armature
coil
lifting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP91115809A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0477746A3 (en
EP0477746A2 (en
Inventor
Arnold Seipel
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Hella GmbH and Co KGaA
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Hella KGaA Huek and Co
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Publication of EP0477746A2 publication Critical patent/EP0477746A2/en
Publication of EP0477746A3 publication Critical patent/EP0477746A3/en
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Publication of EP0477746B1 publication Critical patent/EP0477746B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical lifting armature magnet, in particular for motor vehicles, with a magnetic coil, with a lifting armature which is arranged displaceably in the magnetic coil and with a return spring which loads the lifting armature, the lifting armature having a magnetic armature and an armature bolt, such mechanical play being provided that the anchor bolt can perform a tilting movement relative to the solenoid.
  • Such an electrical lifting armature magnet is previously known from GB 21 45 879 A.
  • This known lifting armature magnet has a two-part lifting armature, which consists of a magnet armature and an anchor bolt. Mechanical play is provided such that the armature bolt can perform a tilting movement relative to the magnet coil in order to compensate for any axial tolerances when the armature bolt interacts with other parts.
  • no measures are provided to lock the lifting armature in the extended state regardless of the current flow through the solenoid.
  • An electrical lifting armature magnet is also known from DE-PS 36 27 036.
  • the lifting armature magnet there is used as an anti-theft locking element in motor vehicles, and in the event of an attempt to open a motor vehicle door without authorization, the solenoid coil is supplied with current.
  • the lifting armature is driven out of the interior of the magnetic coil against the force of the return spring, so that a current-carrying one Solenoid coil protruding part of the lifting armature engages in the movement path of the inner locking element.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an electrical lifting armature, in which the locking of the lifting armature is ensured in the extended state without further measures on parts other than the parts of the lifting armature.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that, in the case of a magnet coil which is not supplied with electrical current, an area of the lifting armature is guided in a bore in the magnetic core used in the coil body, in that this area is supplied with electrical current Solenoid protrudes from the bore, and that the lifting armature has an undercut arranged next to the aforementioned area such that when a force is exerted radially on the part of the extended lifting armature projecting from the bore, the lifting armature is tilted relative to the solenoid coil and the aforementioned area is axially open rests on the edge of the hole.
  • the undercut according to the invention makes it possible for the undercut to rest on the edge of a bore of the solenoid when the lifting armature is tilted relative to the solenoid coil such that the lifting armature can no longer be drawn into the interior of the solenoid coil by the spring force when the solenoid coil is no longer is powered. Due to the undercut and the tilting of the lifting armature according to the invention relative to the magnetic coil, it is possible to hold the armature on the magnetic coil in the extended state with a force acting radially on the armature.
  • the magnetic core can improve the magnetic coupling of the magnet armature to the magnet coil.
  • the force effect, in particular of the lifting armature is derived from the mechanically stable magnetic core when it is stuck on the magnetic core, so that there is no fear of damage to the magnetic coil by the lifting armature.
  • the measures provided according to the invention can be carried out simply and inexpensively, since only minor changes to the shape of the lifting armature are required for the design of the electrical lifting armature magnet according to the invention. Usually only the reduction of the outer diameter of the lifting anchor and the provision of the undercut are required.
  • the lifting armature has a hollow-drilled magnet armature
  • the armature bolt has a circumferential collar which is supported on the magnet armature and on which the return spring is supported and if the armature bolt has the undercut. Due to the two-part design of the lifting armature and the fact that the armature bolt can tilt relative to the magnet armature by means of the mechanical play provided, it is possible that the magnet armature can be inserted into the bore of the magnet coil with the least possible tolerance. This measure ensures a good magnetic coupling of the magnet armature to the magnet coil.
  • the holding function of the lifting armature in the extended state which is provided according to the invention, is ensured here by the tilting of the armature bolt relative to the magnet coil, the armature bolt also having the undercut provided according to the invention.
  • the undercut is part of a piston-shaped thickening and if the undercut is designed in the form of a run-in slope.
  • the above-mentioned lead-in slope ensures that the lifting armature slides back safely into the solenoid coil when the solenoid coil is no longer supplied with current and when the radial force acting on the lifting armature is released, since undesired sticking of the lifting armature to the solenoid coil is avoided.
  • the bore in the magnet core also has a run-in slope.
  • the coil former has a magnetic core which has the bore and which has an abutment for the return spring.
  • the coil former can have a second bore at the end facing away from the undercut, into which the corresponding end of the anchor bolt is inserted with mechanical play.
  • the mechanical play between this second bore and the anchor bolt ensures the required tilting of the anchor bolt with a radially acting force.
  • the return spring used can advantageously be a helical compression spring, since such helical compression springs exert a centering effect in the bore of the magnetic coil on the lifting armature or the anchor bolt. This centering effect ensures that the lifting armature or the armature bolt slides back into the solenoid coil whenever the radial force is released.
  • the magnetic coil is at least partially encompassed by a, in particular U-shaped, magnetic yoke, since on the one hand the magnetic yoke enables an improvement in the electromagnetic efficiency of the electrical lifting armature magnet according to the invention.
  • the U-shaped magnet yoke allows the lifting armature magnet to be held together with all of its parts, so that further fastening of the different parts of the lifting armature magnet to one another is not necessary.
  • a seal can advantageously be provided between the coil body and the armature bolt, in particular as a hat-shaped, rubber-elastic rolling element is trained.
  • a hat-shaped, rubber-elastic rolling element has the advantage that it only slightly and negligibly obstructs the required movement of the lifting armature with respect to the magnetic coil in the radial direction, that is, the tilting movement, so that the tilting of the lifting armature with respect to the magnetic coil is ensured even with slight, radially acting forces .
  • a guide sleeve made of non-magnetic material between the lifting armature and the coil body, which sleeve serves to guide the lifting armature and to support the coil body.
  • the electrical lifting armature magnet has a magnet coil (1) which is on a Coil body (7) is wound up.
  • the coil body (7) and thus the magnet coil (1) has a bore in which a lifting armature is slidably arranged, which consists of a magnet armature (2) and an armature bolt (3).
  • the magnetic armature (2) has a hollow bore (4) into which the armature bolt (3) is inserted up to a circumferential collar (5).
  • a return spring (6) acts, which is designed as a helical compression spring and, in the idle state shown in FIG. 1, by its spring force the armature bolt (3) and thus the magnet armature (2). into the inside of the magnet coil (1) or the coil core (7).
  • the anchor bolt (3) is guided through a first bore (10) in a magnetic core (9) and through a second bore (8) in the coil former (7).
  • the diameter of the first bore (10) corresponds approximately to the outer diameter of a piston-shaped thickening (12) of the anchor bolt (3), whereas the inner diameter of the second bore (8) is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor bolt (3) in this area that mechanical play is again provided between this second bore (8) and the anchor bolt (3).
  • an undercut (13) is provided, which is provided with an inlet slope (14).
  • a further lead-in slope (15) is provided on the side of the first bore (10) facing away from the magnetic coil (1).
  • a seal (16) is provided, which is designed as a hat-shaped, rubber-elastic rolling element.
  • the electrical lifting armature magnet shown in FIG. 1 has electrical connections (17).
  • a magnetic yoke (18) is provided, which is U-shaped and whose two U-legs can be seen in the section according to FIG. 1.
  • a guide sleeve (19) is pressed into the bore of the coil body (7) and guides the armature (2) as it moves.
  • Figure 1 the electrical lifting armature magnet is shown in its rest position, in which the magnet coil (1) is not supplied with electrical current, so that no electromagnetic force is exerted on the magnet armature (2).
  • the restoring force of the restoring spring (6) is effective, which pushes the armature bolt (3) and thus the magnet armature (2) into the interior of the magnet coil in such a way that only a small part of the piston-shaped thickening (12) from the first bore (10) protrudes.
  • the armature bolt (3) with its undercut (13) is attached to the first bore (10) in such a way that even if the flow of current to the magnetic coil (1) is interrupted, despite the then only existing action of the return spring (6 ) the anchor bolt (3) remains in the extended position in FIG. 2. This applies as long as the radially directed force (F) acts on the piston-shaped thickening (12).
  • the electrical lifting armature magnet described according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is suitable due to its structural features for a so-called constructive assembly.
  • This structural assembly is characterized in that in the Inside the coil body (7) the remaining parts can be used except for the seal (16) and the magnetic yoke (18).
  • the U-shaped magnetic yoke (18) in the figures can be pushed onto the coil core (7) or the magnetic core (9) from the rear or front, as a result of which the position of all the parts apart from the seal (16) fixed and the parts are connected to each other.
  • the seal (16) can be buttoned onto the guide sleeve (9) on the one hand and pushed onto the piston-shaped thickening (12) on the other hand.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektrischen Hubankermagneten, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge, mit einer Magnetspule, mit einem in der Magnetspule verschieblich angeordneten Hubanker und mit einer Rückstellfeder, die den Hubanker belastet, wobei der Hubanker einen Magnetanker und einen Ankerbolzen aufweist, wobei ein derartiges mechanisches Spiel vorgesehen ist, daß der Ankerbolzen eine kippende Bewegung relativ zur Magnetspule ausführen kann.The invention relates to an electrical lifting armature magnet, in particular for motor vehicles, with a magnetic coil, with a lifting armature which is arranged displaceably in the magnetic coil and with a return spring which loads the lifting armature, the lifting armature having a magnetic armature and an armature bolt, such mechanical play being provided that the anchor bolt can perform a tilting movement relative to the solenoid.

Ein derartiger elektrischer Hubankermagnet ist aus der GB 21 45 879 A vorbekannt. Dieser vorbekannte Hubankermagnet weist einen zweiteiligen Hubanker auf, der aus einem Magnetanker und einem Ankerbolzen besteht. Es ist ein derartiges mechanisches Spiel vorgesehen, daß der Ankerbolzen eine kippende Bewegung relativ zur Magnetspule ausführen kann, um eventuell vorhandene axiale Toleranzen beim Zusammenwirken des Ankerbolzen mit anderen Teilen auszugleichen. Es sind jedoch keine Maßnahmen vorgesehen, um den Hubanker im ausgefahrenen Zustand unabhängig vom Stromfluß durch die Magnetspule zu arretieren.Such an electrical lifting armature magnet is previously known from GB 21 45 879 A. This known lifting armature magnet has a two-part lifting armature, which consists of a magnet armature and an anchor bolt. Mechanical play is provided such that the armature bolt can perform a tilting movement relative to the magnet coil in order to compensate for any axial tolerances when the armature bolt interacts with other parts. However, no measures are provided to lock the lifting armature in the extended state regardless of the current flow through the solenoid.

Ein elektrischer Hubankermagnet ist auch aus der DE-PS 36 27 036 vorbekannt. Der dortige Hubankermagnet wird als Diebstahlsicherungssperrelement in Kraftfahrzeugen verwendet, wobei im Falle eines Versuches des unbefugten öffnens einer Kraftfahrzeugtür über das Innenverriegelungselement, die Magnetspule mit Strom versorgt wird. Dadurch wird der Hubanker gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder aus dem Inneren der Magnetspule herausgetrieben, so daß ein bei stromdurchflossener Magnetspule herausragender Teil des Hubankers in die Bewegungsbahn des Innenverriegelungselements hineingreift.An electrical lifting armature magnet is also known from DE-PS 36 27 036. The lifting armature magnet there is used as an anti-theft locking element in motor vehicles, and in the event of an attempt to open a motor vehicle door without authorization, the solenoid coil is supplied with current. As a result, the lifting armature is driven out of the interior of the magnetic coil against the force of the return spring, so that a current-carrying one Solenoid coil protruding part of the lifting armature engages in the movement path of the inner locking element.

Mittels einer balligen Ausformung an dem beschriebenen Ende des Hubankers, der in eine entsprechende Einsenkung des Innenverriegelungselements eingreift, wird dafür gesorgt, daß auch bei einer Stromunterbrechung der Hubanker weiterhin in die Bewegungsbahn des Innenverriegelungselements eingreift. Hierzu ist jedoch eine aufwendige Gestaltung des Innenverriegelungselements mit einer entsprechenden Einsenkung und des Hubankers mit einer balligen Ausformung an seinem Ende erforderlich. Andererseits kann die Verwendung des beschriebenen Hubankermagneten dort zu Schwierigkeiten führen, wo der Hubanker nicht in die lineare Bewegungsbahn eines Innenverriegelungselements, sondern z. B. in die Schwenkbewegungsbahn eines Hebels einer Schloßmechanik einer Kraftfahrzeugtür eingreifen soll. Dort ist das Vorsehen einer entsprechenden Einsenkung häufig nahezu ausgeschlossen, da diese Hebelmechaniken aufgrund der wirkenden Kräfte einerseits einen vorgegebenen Mindestquerschnitt aufweisen müssen, andererseits jedoch die gesamte Schloßmechanik eine geringe Baugröße aufweisen muß, um in dem Inneren der Kraftfahrzeugtür untergebracht werden zu können.By means of a spherical shape at the described end of the lifting armature, which engages in a corresponding depression of the inner locking element, it is ensured that the lifting armature continues to engage in the movement path of the inner locking element even when the current is interrupted. However, this requires a complex design of the internal locking element with a corresponding depression and the lifting anchor with a spherical shape at its end. On the other hand, the use of the lifting armature magnet described can lead to difficulties where the lifting armature is not in the linear path of movement of an internal locking element, but z. B. to intervene in the pivoting movement path of a lever of a lock mechanism of a motor vehicle door. There, the provision of a corresponding depression is often almost impossible, since these lever mechanisms must have a predetermined minimum cross-section on the one hand due to the acting forces, but on the other hand the entire lock mechanism must have a small size in order to be able to be accommodated in the interior of the motor vehicle door.

Demgemäß hat die vorliegende Erfindung die Aufgabe, einen elektrischen Hubankermagneten zu schaffen, bei dem die Arretierung des Hubankers im ausgefahrenen Zustand ohne weitere Maßnahmen an anderen Teilen als an den Teilen des Hubankers gewährleistet ist.Accordingly, the present invention has for its object to provide an electrical lifting armature, in which the locking of the lifting armature is ensured in the extended state without further measures on parts other than the parts of the lifting armature.

In eingangsgenannten Hubankermagneten wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß bei einer nicht mit elektrischen Strom versorgten Magnetspule ein Bereich des Hubankers in einer Bohrung des im Spulenkörper eingesetzten Magnetkerns geführt ist, daß dieser Bereich bei einer mit elektrischen Strom versorgten Magnetspule aus der Bohrung hinausragt, und daß der Hubanker eine derartig neben dem vorgenannten Bereich angeordnete Hinterschneidung aufweist, daß bei einer radial auf den aus der Bohrung hinausragenden Teil des ausgefahrenen Hubankers ausgeübten Kraft, der Hubanker relativ zur Magnetspule verkippt wird und der vorgenannte Bereich axial auf dem Rand der Bohrung aufliegt.In the above-mentioned lifting armature magnets, this object is achieved according to the invention in that, in the case of a magnet coil which is not supplied with electrical current, an area of the lifting armature is guided in a bore in the magnetic core used in the coil body, in that this area is supplied with electrical current Solenoid protrudes from the bore, and that the lifting armature has an undercut arranged next to the aforementioned area such that when a force is exerted radially on the part of the extended lifting armature projecting from the bore, the lifting armature is tilted relative to the solenoid coil and the aforementioned area is axially open rests on the edge of the hole.

Durch das mechanische Spiel zwischen dem Inneren der Magnetspule und dem Äkußeren des Hubankers ist es möglich, daß bei einer radial wirkenden Kraft auf den aus der Magnetspule herausragenden Teil des Hubankers, wie sie z.B. durch einen federbelasteten Hebel, der an diesem Teil anliegt, ausgeübt wird, der Hubanker gegen die Magnetspule verkippt wird.Due to the mechanical play between the inside of the solenoid and the exterior of the lifting armature, it is possible that with a radially acting force on the part of the lifting armature protruding from the solenoid coil, as e.g. is exerted by a spring-loaded lever, which rests on this part, the lifting armature is tilted against the solenoid.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Hinterschneidung wird es ermöglicht, daß die Hinterschneidung beim Verkippen des Hubankers gegenüber der Magnetspule derart auf dem Rand einer Bohrung der Magnetspule aufliegt, daß der Hubanker durch die Federkraft nicht mehr in das Innere der Magnetspule hineingezogen werden kann, wenn die Magnetspule nicht mehr mit Strom versorgt wird. Durch die Hinterschneidung und die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Verkippung des Hubankers gegenüber der Magnetspule ist also ein Festhalten des Ankers an der Magnetspule im ausgefahrenen Zustand bei einer radial auf den Anker wirkenden Kraft möglich.The undercut according to the invention makes it possible for the undercut to rest on the edge of a bore of the solenoid when the lifting armature is tilted relative to the solenoid coil such that the lifting armature can no longer be drawn into the interior of the solenoid coil by the spring force when the solenoid coil is no longer is powered. Due to the undercut and the tilting of the lifting armature according to the invention relative to the magnetic coil, it is possible to hold the armature on the magnetic coil in the extended state with a force acting radially on the armature.

Der Magnetkern kann die magnetische Ankopplung des Magnetankers an die Magnetspule verbessern. Zudem wird die Kraftwirkung, insbesondere des Hubankers, beim Festhängen am Magnetkern auf den mechanisch stabilen Magnetkern abgeleitet, so daß keine Beschädigung der Magnetspule durch den Hubanker zu befürchten ist.The magnetic core can improve the magnetic coupling of the magnet armature to the magnet coil. In addition, the force effect, in particular of the lifting armature, is derived from the mechanically stable magnetic core when it is stuck on the magnetic core, so that there is no fear of damage to the magnetic coil by the lifting armature.

Dabei sind die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Maßnahmen einfach und kostengünstig durchführbar, da für die Ausbildung des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Hubankermagneten allein geringfügige Änderungen an der Formgestalt des Hubankers erforderlich sind. üblicherweise ist allein die Verringerung des Außendurchmessers des Hubankers und das Vorsehen der Hinterschneidung erforderlich.The measures provided according to the invention can be carried out simply and inexpensively, since only minor changes to the shape of the lifting armature are required for the design of the electrical lifting armature magnet according to the invention. Usually only the reduction of the outer diameter of the lifting anchor and the provision of the undercut are required.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Hubankermagneten ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Advantageous refinements and developments of the electrical lifting armature magnet according to the invention result from the subclaims.

Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der Hubanker einen hohlgebohrten Magnetanker aufweist, wenn der Ankerbolzen einen umlaufenden Bund aufweist, der sich an dem Magnetanker abstützt und an dem sich die Rückstellfeder abstützt und wenn der Ankerbolzen die Hinterschneidung aufweist. Durch die zweiteilige Ausbildung des Hubankers und dadurch, daß der Ankerbolzen mittels des vorgesehenen mechanischen Spiels gegenüber dem Magnetanker verkippen kann, ist es möglich, daß der Magnetanker mit möglichst geringer Toleranz in die Bohrung der Magnetspule eingesetzt werden kann. Durch diese Maßnahme ist eine gute magnetische Ankopplung des Magnetankers an die Magnetspule gewährleistet. Die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Haltefunktion des Hubankers im ausgefahrenen Zustand wird hierbei durch das Verkippen des Ankerbolzens gegenüber der Magnetspule gewährleistet, wobei der Ankerbolzen auch die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Hinterschneidung aufweist.It is particularly advantageous if the lifting armature has a hollow-drilled magnet armature, if the armature bolt has a circumferential collar which is supported on the magnet armature and on which the return spring is supported and if the armature bolt has the undercut. Due to the two-part design of the lifting armature and the fact that the armature bolt can tilt relative to the magnet armature by means of the mechanical play provided, it is possible that the magnet armature can be inserted into the bore of the magnet coil with the least possible tolerance. This measure ensures a good magnetic coupling of the magnet armature to the magnet coil. The holding function of the lifting armature in the extended state, which is provided according to the invention, is ensured here by the tilting of the armature bolt relative to the magnet coil, the armature bolt also having the undercut provided according to the invention.

Es ist weiterhin besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Hinterschneidung Teil einer kolbenförmigen Verdickung ist und wenn die Hinterschneidung in Form einer Einlaufschräge gestaltet ist. Durch das Vorsehen einer kolbenförmigen Verdickung am Hubankerende kann die Hinterschneidung besonders einfach und kostengünstig ausgebildet werden.It is also particularly advantageous if the undercut is part of a piston-shaped thickening and if the undercut is designed in the form of a run-in slope. By providing a piston-shaped thickening at the end of the lifting anchor, the undercut can be made particularly simply and inexpensively.

Die genannte Einlaufschräge gewährleistet ein sicheres Zurückgleiten des Hubankers in die Magnetspule, wenn die Magnetspule nicht mehr stromdurchflossen ist und wenn die auf den Hubanker wirkende radiale Kraft aufgehoben wird, da ein ungewolltes Festhängen des Hubankers an der Magnetspule vermieden wird.The above-mentioned lead-in slope ensures that the lifting armature slides back safely into the solenoid coil when the solenoid coil is no longer supplied with current and when the radial force acting on the lifting armature is released, since undesired sticking of the lifting armature to the solenoid coil is avoided.

Um ein sicheres Zurückgleiten des Hubankers in die Magnetspule bzw. den Spulenkörper zu gewährleisten, wenn die radial wirkende Kraft aufgehoben wird, ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Bohrung im Magnetkern ebenfalls eine Einlaufschräge aufweist.In order to ensure that the lifting armature slides back safely into the magnet coil or the coil body when the radially acting force is released, it is particularly advantageous if the bore in the magnet core also has a run-in slope.

Um eine einfache aufbauende Montage des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Hubankermagneten zu ermöglichen, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Spulenkörper einen Magnetkern aufweist, der die Bohrung aufweist und der ein Widerlager für die Rückstellfeder aufweist.In order to enable simple assembly of the electrical lifting armature magnet according to the invention, it is advantageous if the coil former has a magnetic core which has the bore and which has an abutment for the return spring.

Zur zusätzlichen Führung des Ankerbolzens im Spulenkörper kann der Spulenkörper am von der Hinterschneidung abgewandten Ende eine zweite Bohrung aufweisen, in die das entsprechende Ende des Ankerbolzens mit mechnischem Spiel eingesetzt ist. Durch das mechanische Spiel zwischen dieser zweiten Bohrung und dem Ankerbolzen ist das erforderliche Verkippen des Ankerbolzens bei einer radial wirkenden Kraft gewährleistet.For additional guidance of the anchor bolt in the coil former, the coil former can have a second bore at the end facing away from the undercut, into which the corresponding end of the anchor bolt is inserted with mechanical play. The mechanical play between this second bore and the anchor bolt ensures the required tilting of the anchor bolt with a radially acting force.

Die verwendete Rückstellfeder kann vorteilhaft eine Schraubendruckfeder sein, da derartige Schraubendruckfedern auf den Hubanker bzw. den Ankerbolzen eine zentrierende Wirkung in der Bohrung der Magnetspule ausüben. Diese zentrierende Wirkung sichert das Zurückgleiten des Hubankers bzw. des Ankerbolzens in die Magnetspule immer dann, wenn die radialwirkende Kraft aufgehoben wird.The return spring used can advantageously be a helical compression spring, since such helical compression springs exert a centering effect in the bore of the magnetic coil on the lifting armature or the anchor bolt. This centering effect ensures that the lifting armature or the armature bolt slides back into the solenoid coil whenever the radial force is released.

Es ist weiterhin vorteilhaft, wenn die Magnetspule zumindest teilweise durch ein, insbesondere U-förmiges Magnetjoch umfaßt ist, da durch das Magnetjoch einerseits eine Verbesserung des elektromagnetischen Wirkungsgrades des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Hubankermagneten möglich ist. Andererseits kann durch das U-förmig ausgebildete Magnetjoch der Hubankermagnet mit allen seinen Teilen zusammengehalten werden, so daß eine weitere Befestigung der verschiedenen Teile des Hubankermagneten aneinander nicht erforderlich ist.It is furthermore advantageous if the magnetic coil is at least partially encompassed by a, in particular U-shaped, magnetic yoke, since on the one hand the magnetic yoke enables an improvement in the electromagnetic efficiency of the electrical lifting armature magnet according to the invention. On the other hand, the U-shaped magnet yoke allows the lifting armature magnet to be held together with all of its parts, so that further fastening of the different parts of the lifting armature magnet to one another is not necessary.

Zur Abdichtung des Luftspaltes zwischen dem Hubanker und der Magnetspule kann vorteilhaft zwischen dem Spulenkörper und dem Ankerbolzen eine Dichtung vorgesehen sein, die insbesondere als hutförmiges, gummielastisches Rollelement ausgebildet ist. Ein derartiges hutförmiges, gummielastisches Rollelement hat den Vorteil, daß es nur geringfügig und vernachlässigbar die erforderliche Bewegung des Hubankers gegenüber der Magnetspule in radialer Richtung, also die Kippbewegung behindert, so daß schon bei geringfügigen, radialwirkenden Kräften die Verkippung des Hubankers gegenüber der Magnetspule gewährleistet ist.To seal the air gap between the lifting armature and the magnet coil, a seal can advantageously be provided between the coil body and the armature bolt, in particular as a hat-shaped, rubber-elastic rolling element is trained. Such a hat-shaped, rubber-elastic rolling element has the advantage that it only slightly and negligibly obstructs the required movement of the lifting armature with respect to the magnetic coil in the radial direction, that is, the tilting movement, so that the tilting of the lifting armature with respect to the magnetic coil is ensured even with slight, radially acting forces .

Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, zwischen dem Magnetkern und der Hinterschneidung einen Überhub vorzusehen, der im Falle des Auftretens geringer Verspannungen zwischen dem Hubanker und der Magnetspule deren Überwindung aufgrund der Dynamik der Einwärtsbewegung des Hubankers in das Innere der Magnetspule gewährleistet.It is particularly advantageous to provide an overstroke between the magnetic core and the undercut, which ensures that in the event of small tensions between the lifting armature and the solenoid coil, their overcoming due to the dynamics of the inward movement of the lifting armature into the interior of the solenoid coil.

Es ist schließlich besonders vorteilhaft, zwischen dem Hubanker und dem Spulenkörper eine Führungshülse aus unmagnetischem Material anzuordnen, die zur Führung des Hubankers und zur Abstützung des Spulenkörpers dient.Finally, it is particularly advantageous to arrange a guide sleeve made of non-magnetic material between the lifting armature and the coil body, which sleeve serves to guide the lifting armature and to support the coil body.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Hubankermagneten ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert.An embodiment of the electric lifting armature magnet according to the invention is shown in the drawings and is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 einen Schnitt durch die Mittelachse eines erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Hubankermagneten im Ruhezustand, das heißt im eingefahrenen Zustand des Hubankers in die Magnetspule und
  • Figur 2 denselben Hubankermagneten wie in Figur 1 im ausgefahrenen Zustand des Hubankers aus der Magnetspule im Schnitt.
Show it
  • 1 shows a section through the central axis of an electrical lifting armature magnet according to the invention in the idle state, that is, in the retracted state of the lifting armature in the magnet coil and
  • Figure 2 the same lifting armature magnet as in Figure 1 in the extended state of the lifting armature from the magnet coil in section.

In der Figur 1 weist der erfindungsgemäße elektrische Hubankermagnet eine Magnetspule (1) auf, die auf einem Spulenkörper (7) aufgewickelt ist. Der Spulenkörper (7) und damit die Magnetspule (1) weist eine Bohrung auf, in der ein Hubanker verschieblich angeordnet ist, der aus einem Magnetanker (2) und aus einem Ankerbolzen (3) besteht.In FIG. 1, the electrical lifting armature magnet according to the invention has a magnet coil (1) which is on a Coil body (7) is wound up. The coil body (7) and thus the magnet coil (1) has a bore in which a lifting armature is slidably arranged, which consists of a magnet armature (2) and an armature bolt (3).

Dazu weist der Magnetanker (2) eine Hohlbohrung (4) auf, in die der Ankerbolzen (3) bis zu einem umlaufenden Bund (5) eingesteckt ist. An der dem Magnetanker (2) gegenüberliegenden Seite des Bundes (5) greift eine Rückstellfeder (6) an, die als Schraubendruckfeder ausgebildet ist und im in der Figur 1 dargestellten Ruhezustand durch seine Federkraft den Ankerbolzen (3) und damit den Magnetanker (2) in das Innere der Magnetspule (1) bzw. des Spulenkerns (7) hineindrückt.For this purpose, the magnetic armature (2) has a hollow bore (4) into which the armature bolt (3) is inserted up to a circumferential collar (5). On the side of the collar (5) opposite the magnet armature (2), a return spring (6) acts, which is designed as a helical compression spring and, in the idle state shown in FIG. 1, by its spring force the armature bolt (3) and thus the magnet armature (2). into the inside of the magnet coil (1) or the coil core (7).

Zwischen der Hohlbohrung (4) und dem Ankerbolzen (3) ist mechanisches Spiel vorgesehen. Der Ankerbolzen (3) wird durch eine erste Bohrung (10) in einem Magnetkern (9) und durch eine zweite Bohrung (8) in dem Spulenkörper (7) geführt. Dabei entspricht der Durchmesser der ersten Bohrung (10) in etwa dem Außendurchmesser einer kolbenförmigen Verdickung (12) des Ankerbolzens (3), wogegen der Innendurchmesser der zweiten Bohrung (8) größer ist als der Außendurchmesser des Ankerbolzens (3) in diesem Bereich, so daß zwischen dieser zweiten Bohrung (8) und dem Ankerbolzen (3) wiederum mechanisches Spiel vorgesehen ist.Mechanical play is provided between the hollow bore (4) and the anchor bolt (3). The anchor bolt (3) is guided through a first bore (10) in a magnetic core (9) and through a second bore (8) in the coil former (7). The diameter of the first bore (10) corresponds approximately to the outer diameter of a piston-shaped thickening (12) of the anchor bolt (3), whereas the inner diameter of the second bore (8) is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor bolt (3) in this area that mechanical play is again provided between this second bore (8) and the anchor bolt (3).

Der Magnetkern (9), die in den Spulenkern (7) eingesteckt ist, weist weiterhin eine Abstützung (11) für die Rückstellfeder (6) auf. Am Übergang von der kolbenförmigen Verdickung (12) zum restlichen Teil des Ankerbolzens (3) ist eine Hinterschneidung (13) vorgesehen, die mit einer Einlaufschräge (14) versehen ist. An der von der Magnetspule (1) abgewandten Seite der ersten Bohrung (10) ist eine weitere Einlaufschräge (15) vorgesehen.The magnetic core (9), which is inserted in the coil core (7), also has a support (11) for the return spring (6). At the transition from the piston-shaped thickening (12) to the remaining part of the anchor bolt (3), an undercut (13) is provided, which is provided with an inlet slope (14). A further lead-in slope (15) is provided on the side of the first bore (10) facing away from the magnetic coil (1).

Zur Abdichtung des Luftspaltes zwischen dem Magnetkern (9) und dem Ankerbolzen (3) gegen Umwelteinflüsse, wie Feuchtigkeit und Schmutz, ist eine Dichtung (16) vorgesehen, die als hutförmiges, gummielastisches Rollelement ausgebildet ist. Zur Versorgung der Magnetspule (1) mit elektrischem Strom weist der in Figur 1 dargestellte elektrische Hubankermagnet elektrische Anschlüsse (17) auf. Schließlich ist zur Verbesserung des elektromagnetischen Wirkungsgrades des Hubankermagneten ein Magnetjoch (18) vorgesehen, das U-förmig gestaltet ist und dessen beide U-Schenkel in dem Schnitt gemäß Figur 1 erkennbar sind. Eine Führungshülse (19) ist in die Bohrung des Spulenkörpers (7) eingepreßt und führt den Magnetanker (2) bei seiner Bewegung.To seal the air gap between the magnetic core (9) and the anchor bolt (3) against environmental influences such as moisture and dirt, a seal (16) is provided, which is designed as a hat-shaped, rubber-elastic rolling element. To supply the magnetic coil (1) with electrical current, the electrical lifting armature magnet shown in FIG. 1 has electrical connections (17). Finally, in order to improve the electromagnetic efficiency of the lifting armature magnet, a magnetic yoke (18) is provided, which is U-shaped and whose two U-legs can be seen in the section according to FIG. 1. A guide sleeve (19) is pressed into the bore of the coil body (7) and guides the armature (2) as it moves.

Gleiche oder gleichwirkende Einrichtungsteile wie in der Figur 1 sind in der Figur 2 mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. In der Figur 1 ist der elektrische Hubankermagnet in seiner Ruhestellung dargestellt, in der die Magnetspule (1) nicht mit elektrischem Strom versorgt wird, so daß keine elektromagnetische Kraftwirkung auf den Magnetanker (2) ausgeübt wird. In diesem Fall ist allein die Rückstellkraft der Rückstellfeder (6) wirksam, die den Ankerbolzen (3) und damit den Magnetanker (2) in das Innere der Magnetspule derart hineindrückt, daß nur ein geringfügiger Teil der kolbenförmigen Verdickung (12) aus der ersten Bohrung (10) herausragt.The same or equivalent device parts as in Figure 1 are given the same reference numerals in Figure 2. In Figure 1, the electrical lifting armature magnet is shown in its rest position, in which the magnet coil (1) is not supplied with electrical current, so that no electromagnetic force is exerted on the magnet armature (2). In this case, only the restoring force of the restoring spring (6) is effective, which pushes the armature bolt (3) and thus the magnet armature (2) into the interior of the magnet coil in such a way that only a small part of the piston-shaped thickening (12) from the first bore (10) protrudes.

Wird nun die Magnetspule (1) gemäß Figur 2 mit Strom versorgt, so wird eine elektromagnetische Kraft wirksam, die den Magnetanker (2) gemeinsam mit dem Ankerbolzen (3) gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder (6) derart verschiebt, daß nunmehr die kolbenförmige Verdickung (12) vollständig aus der ersten Bohrung (10) herausragt. Zusätzlich ist in Figur 2 vorausgesetzt, daß eine radial auf die kolbenförmige Verdickung (12) gerichtete Kraft (F) wirksam ist, die aufgrund des mechanischen Spiels des Ankerbolzens (3) in der ersten Bohrung (10), in der zweiten Bohrung (8) und in der Hohlbohrung (4) zu einem Verkippen des Ankerbolzens (3) gegenüber dem Magnetanker (2) und der Magnetspule (1) um einen Kippwinkel (W) führt.If the solenoid coil (1) is now supplied with current according to FIG. 2, an electromagnetic force becomes effective which, together with the anchor bolt (3), displaces the magnet armature (2) against the force of the return spring (6) in such a way that the piston-shaped thickening now occurs (12) completely protrudes from the first hole (10). In addition, it is assumed in FIG. 2 that a force (F) directed radially onto the piston-shaped thickening (12) is effective, which is due to the mechanical play of the anchor bolt (3) in the first bore (10), in the second bore (8) and in the hollow bore (4) to tilt the armature bolt (3) relative to the magnet armature (2) and the magnet coil (1) by a tilt angle (W ) leads.

Durch die beschriebene Verkippung wird der Ankerbolzen (3) mit seiner Hinterschneidung (13) an der ersten Bohrung (10) derart festgehängt, daß auch bei einer Unterbrechung des Stromflusses zu der Magnetspule (1) trotz der dann nur noch vorhandenen Wirkung der Rückstellfeder (6) der Ankerbolzen (3) in der in Figur 2 ausgefahrenen Stellung verbleibt. Dies gilt solange, wie die radial gerichtete Kraft (F) auf die kolbenförmige Verdickung (12) wirksam ist.Due to the tilting described, the armature bolt (3) with its undercut (13) is attached to the first bore (10) in such a way that even if the flow of current to the magnetic coil (1) is interrupted, despite the then only existing action of the return spring (6 ) the anchor bolt (3) remains in the extended position in FIG. 2. This applies as long as the radially directed force (F) acts on the piston-shaped thickening (12).

Sobald diese radial gerichtete Kraft (F) aufgehoben wird, wird durch die zentrierende Wirkung der Rückstellfeder (6) und der hutförmigen, gummielastischen Rollelementdichtung (16) und durch die Rückstellkraft der Rückstellfeder (6) der Ankerbolzen (3) in das Innere der Magnetspule (1) gemäß Figur 1 wieder hineingezogen. Die hierzu erforderliche Zentrierung des Ankerbolzens (3) relativ zu den anderen Teilen wird dabei unterstützt durch die Einlaufschräge (14) an der Hinterschneidung (13) und durch die Einlaufschräge (15) an der ersten Bohrung (10). Ein geringfügiges Festhaken der Hinterschneidung (13) an der Bohrung (10) wird durch den vorgesehenen Überhub (H) zwischen der Hinterschneidung (13) und dem Rand der Bohrung (10) überwunden, da im Bereich dieses Überhubes durch die Kraftwirkung der Rückstellfeder (6) eine nennenswerte Beschleunigung der Bewegung des Ankerbolzens (3) in das Innere der Magnetspule (1) erfolgt, die ausreicht, die beschriebene Verhakung zu überwinden.As soon as this radially directed force (F) is released, the anchor bolt (3) is pushed into the interior of the magnetic coil (3) by the centering action of the return spring (6) and the hat-shaped, rubber-elastic rolling element seal (16) and by the return force of the return spring (6). 1) pulled back in according to FIG. The necessary centering of the anchor bolt (3) relative to the other parts is supported by the chamfer (14) on the undercut (13) and by the chamfer (15) on the first bore (10). A slight sticking of the undercut (13) to the bore (10) is overcome by the intended overstroke (H) between the undercut (13) and the edge of the bore (10), because in the area of this overstroke due to the force of the return spring (6 ) an appreciable acceleration of the movement of the anchor bolt (3) into the interior of the magnet coil (1) takes place, which is sufficient to overcome the interlocking described.

Der beschriebene elektrische Hubankermagnet gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 ist aufgrund seiner konstruktiven Merkmale für eine sogenannte aufbauende Montage geeignet. Diese aufbauende Montage ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in das Innere des Spulenkörpers (7) die übrigen Teile bis auf die Dichtung (16) und das Magnetjoch (18) eingesetzt werden können. Nach dem Einsetzen dieser Teile kann das U-förmige Magnetjoch (18) in den Figuren von hinten oder vorne auf den Spulenkern (7) bzw. der Magnetkern (9) aufgeschoben werden, wodurch die Lage aller Teile bis auf die Dichtung (16) zueinander fixiert und die Teile miteinander verbunden werden. Abschließend kann die Dichtung (16) einerseits auf die Führungshülse (9) aufgeknöpft und andererseits auf die kolbenförmige Verdickung (12) aufgeschoben werden.The electrical lifting armature magnet described according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is suitable due to its structural features for a so-called constructive assembly. This structural assembly is characterized in that in the Inside the coil body (7) the remaining parts can be used except for the seal (16) and the magnetic yoke (18). After inserting these parts, the U-shaped magnetic yoke (18) in the figures can be pushed onto the coil core (7) or the magnetic core (9) from the rear or front, as a result of which the position of all the parts apart from the seal (16) fixed and the parts are connected to each other. Finally, the seal (16) can be buttoned onto the guide sleeve (9) on the one hand and pushed onto the piston-shaped thickening (12) on the other hand.

Claims (11)

  1. An electrical lifting armature magnet, particularly for motor vehicles, having a magnet coil (1), having a lifting armature displaceably disposed in the magnet coil (1) and having a restoring spring (6) which loads the lifting armature, wherein the lifting armature comprises a magnet armature (2) and an armature pin (3), wherein a mechanical clearance is provided such that the armature pin (3) can execute a tilting movement in relation to the magnet coil (1), characterised in that when the magnet coil (1) is not supplied with electric current a region of the lifting armature is guided in a bore (10) in the magnet core (9) which is inserted in the coil body, that when the magnet coil (1) is supplied with electric current this region protrudes from the bore (10), and that the lifting armature has an undercut (13) disposed near the aforementioned region in such a way that when a radial force (F) is exerted on the part of the extended lifting armature protruding from the bore (10) the lifting armature is tilted in relation to the magnet coil (1) and the aforementioned region is supported axially on the edge of the bore (10).
  2. An electrical lifting armature magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that the lifting armature has a hollow bored magnet armature (2), that the armature pin (3) has a surrounding collar (5) which is supported on the magnet armature (2) and on which the restoring spring (6) is supported, and that the armature pin (3) has the undercut (13) .
  3. An electrical lifting armature magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that the undercut (13) is part of a piston-shaped enlargement (12) and that the undercut (13) is fashioned in the form of a lead-in bevel (14).
  4. An electrical lifting armature magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that the bore (10) has a lead-in bevel (15).
  5. An electrical lifting armature magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that the magnet core (9) with the bore (10) has an abutment (11) for the restoring spring (6).
  6. An electrical lifting armature magnet according to claim 2, characterised in that at its end remote from the undercut (13) the coil body (7) has a second bore (8) into which the corresponding end of the armature pin (3) is inserted with a mechanical clearance.
  7. An electrical lifting armature magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that the restoring spring (6) is a helical pressure spring.
  8. An electrical lifting armature magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that the magnet coil (1) is at least partially surrounded by a magnet yoke (18), particularly a U-shaped magnet yoke.
  9. An electrical lifting armature magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that a seal (16) is provided between the coil body (7) and the armature pin (3), which seal is constructed in particular as a cup-shaped, resilient rubber curl-up element.
  10. An electrical lifting armature magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that an excess travel (H) is provided between the magnet core (9) and the undercut (13) .
  11. An electrical lifting armature magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that a guide bush (19) of nonmagnetic material is disposed between the lifting armature and the coil body (7).
EP91115809A 1990-09-27 1991-09-18 Electromagnetic actuator, especially for motor vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0477746B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4030514 1990-09-27
DE4030514A DE4030514C2 (en) 1990-09-27 1990-09-27 Electrical lifting armature magnet, in particular for motor vehicles

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0477746A2 EP0477746A2 (en) 1992-04-01
EP0477746A3 EP0477746A3 (en) 1993-01-20
EP0477746B1 true EP0477746B1 (en) 1995-11-22

Family

ID=6415057

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91115809A Expired - Lifetime EP0477746B1 (en) 1990-09-27 1991-09-18 Electromagnetic actuator, especially for motor vehicles

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0477746B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4030514C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2081408T3 (en)
MX (1) MX9101271A (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2880466B1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2007-02-09 Areva T & D Sa BISTABLE ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR
CN105268077B (en) * 2014-06-03 2018-03-20 侯夫辰 Magnetic valve

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2419732C3 (en) * 1974-04-24 1981-07-16 Vsesojusnyj naučno-issledovatel'skij institut televidenija i radioveščanija, Moskva Pull-in magnet
DE2847748A1 (en) * 1978-11-03 1980-05-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert WATER CONTROL VALVE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONING, IN PARTICULAR HEATING SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF, IN PARTICULAR ADJUSTMENT
FR2468202B1 (en) * 1979-10-16 1986-03-07 Merlin Gerin MINIATURE ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH MOLDED HOUSING
DE3141705A1 (en) * 1981-10-21 1983-04-28 Mannesmann Rexroth GmbH, 8770 Lohr Actuating magnet for a hydraulic valve
DE3300437A1 (en) * 1982-11-10 1984-05-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Actuating device
DE3243999A1 (en) * 1982-11-27 1984-05-30 bso Steuerungstechnik GmbH, 6603 Sulzbach "ACTUATING MAGNET, IN PARTICULAR LIFTING MAGNET"
GB2145879A (en) * 1983-09-01 1985-04-03 Michael Clift Solenoid actuator with loose-fit armature
DE3505169C2 (en) * 1985-02-15 1995-04-06 Mannesmann Ag Actuating magnet
ES8705084A1 (en) * 1985-11-11 1987-05-01 Cav Condiesel Sa Electromagnetic actuators for controlling injection pumps
DE3600386A1 (en) * 1986-01-09 1987-07-16 Schramme Gmbh LIFT MAGNET
DE3613648C2 (en) * 1986-04-23 2000-06-21 Schultz Wolfgang E Method for operating a switching magnet
DE3627036A1 (en) * 1986-08-09 1988-02-11 Hella Kg Hueck & Co MOTOR VEHICLE WITH SEVERAL DOOR LOCKS
JPH0218828A (en) * 1988-07-06 1990-01-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Electromagnetic aspirator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0477746A3 (en) 1993-01-20
DE59106936D1 (en) 1996-01-04
DE4030514C2 (en) 1996-04-04
ES2081408T3 (en) 1996-03-01
DE4030514A1 (en) 1992-04-02
EP0477746A2 (en) 1992-04-01
MX9101271A (en) 1992-05-04

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