EP0277909A1 - Interrupteur sous vide - Google Patents

Interrupteur sous vide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0277909A1
EP0277909A1 EP88730021A EP88730021A EP0277909A1 EP 0277909 A1 EP0277909 A1 EP 0277909A1 EP 88730021 A EP88730021 A EP 88730021A EP 88730021 A EP88730021 A EP 88730021A EP 0277909 A1 EP0277909 A1 EP 0277909A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
solder
soldering
vacuum
vacuum interrupter
soft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88730021A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Gessner
Ernst-Ludwig Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Hoene
Roman Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Renz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0277909A1 publication Critical patent/EP0277909A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/66215—Details relating to the soldering or brazing of vacuum switch housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/66223—Details relating to the sealing of vacuum switch housings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vacuum interrupter according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a vacuum interrupter is known for example from DE-AS 26 59 871.
  • Various solders with melting points between 605 ° C and 960 ° C with their suitability for soldering different materials of vacuum interrupters are specified as soldering material.
  • a melting point between 605 ° C and 835 ° C is listed as the "low" melting point.
  • the object on which the present invention is based consists in an inexpensive embodiment of a vacuum interrupter which is particularly suitable for series production. This object is achieved in a vacuum interrupter according to the preamble by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • soft solders with a melting point below 400 ° C. can also be used for vacuum interrupters without the switching capacity or the service life being unduly reduced.
  • Soft soldering can be used particularly advantageously in contactor tubes for medium or low voltage.
  • the invention enables a particularly economically producible construction of vacuum switching tubes without pumping elements. Due to the soft soldering, the temperature load on the housing is reduced, mechanical stresses that arise during cooling after soldering are kept low. This enables the use of materials that are not thermally matched, without causing sealing problems. This enables a significant cost reduction.
  • the soft solder should have a melting point of at most about 300 ° C.
  • a highly pure tin solder is particularly suitable, since it has a very low vapor pressure at 300 ° C or a soft solder made of Sn50PbCu, the vapor pressure of which is below 10 ⁇ 13bar at 300 ° C. With these solders a vaporization of insulating housing parts can be avoided and thus ensure a very high insulation of the finished tube.
  • the soft solder is also suitable for metal-ceramic connections.
  • the soldering surfaces on the ceramic are advantageously metallized.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion of the metal parts need not be matched to that of the insulating material parts. Rather, the soft solder can be plastically deformed to such an extent that different coefficients of thermal expansion are compensated for.
  • copper parts are easily soldered to ceramic parts, both butt soldering and flat soldering to the end face of the ceramic being possible.
  • Vacuum interrupters soldered according to the invention are advantageously designed without a pump stem.
  • the pump stem which is very sensitive to mechanical stress, is replaced by an insensitive soft solder joint. This considerably simplifies the construction and handling of the vacuum interrupter and reduces the risk of damage when handling the tube.
  • the strength of the soft soldering is also sufficient to solder the entire housing of vacuum interrupters. This leads to considerable cost savings, especially with the relatively cheap contactor tubes.
  • a method is advantageous in which the soft soldering is carried out in a vacuum free of oxide and flux and in which the soldering temperature is below 400 ° C. and the melting temperature of the solder is no longer than 100 ° C is lower than the soldering temperature and at which there is a pressure of less than 10 ⁇ 6bar during the soldering process.
  • silver-plated solder for example silver-plated tin solder
  • silver-plated tin solder is advantageously used. It is also advantageous to free the soldering areas and the solder from oxides immediately before the soldering.
  • the method is advantageously further developed by placing the soft solder in the form of a corrugated ring on the prefabricated vacuum interrupter and placing a lid on this solder ring and by evacuating several vacuum interrupters in one operation and soldering them tightly in a vacuum.
  • the copper parts be silvered before soft soldering.
  • a permanent and secure connection with ceramic parts is achieved by metallizing the ceramic parts before soft soldering.
  • the switching tubes are heated at only about 200 ° C. to 250 ° C. and that soft soldering is produced in the same operation.
  • Figure 1 shows a vacuum interrupter 1 schematically.
  • the contact bolts 2 and / or 3 can be moved in the direction of the arrow during the switching process.
  • a metal cover 4 is on an opening 5 in Soldered housing.
  • the metal cover 4 is mechanically only slightly loaded, this embodiment is also suitable, inter alia, for mechanically stressed vacuum interrupters.
  • the cover 4 can be a simple solder plug in an opening.
  • the solder 6 is advantageously introduced in the form of a corrugated solder ring 7 (FIG. 3). This leaves a gap to the interior of the tube during the evacuation process, the tube can be evacuated properly.
  • solder ring 9 instead of the corrugated solder ring 7, which is advantageously formed from a foil, another solder ring can also be used, provided that it leaves a sufficient cross section between the inner space 8 of the switching tube and the surroundings.
  • a solder ring 9 according to FIG. 5 can be used, which represents a ring sector.
  • the solder ring is accommodated in a bore 10 of the contact pin 11, which are connected to the interior 8 of the tube by narrower bores 12 and 13. This embodiment is particularly advantageous in the case of small tube types in which there are insufficient areas outside the contact bolt 11 for the attachment of a cover.
  • a metal cap 15 is butt-soldered onto a ceramic part 14 of the housing.
  • the solder joint 16 is made by means of soft solder.
  • the solder connection 16 can be designed as a V soft soldering.
  • a flat soldering according to FIG. 8 can also be used, it again being possible to use V-shaped soft solder seams 19 which connect the flange 18 to the end face of the ceramic part 14.
  • the connection advantageously takes place via a metal layer 20 which has previously been applied to the end face 21 of the ceramic part.
  • the housing of the vacuum interrupter is advantageously already prefabricated.
  • the housing can be made by means of conventional braze joints.
  • the heating and the soldering can then be carried out simultaneously on a whole series of vacuum interrupters in the same vacuum, without the need for special facilities.
  • a pressure of less than 10 ⁇ 7bar is recommended for soft soldering at 300 ° C.
  • copper is particularly suitable, as a insulating material is a ceramic that contains at least 80% Al2O3. This ceramic is preferably metallized in the area of the soldering areas.
  • the copper is advantageously silver-plated in order to avoid disruptive oxides.
  • Glass or porcelain can also be used as insulating materials in designs according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
EP88730021A 1987-02-04 1988-01-29 Interrupteur sous vide Withdrawn EP0277909A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3703326 1987-02-04
DE19873703326 DE3703326A1 (de) 1987-02-04 1987-02-04 Vakuumschaltroehre

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0277909A1 true EP0277909A1 (fr) 1988-08-10

Family

ID=6320201

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88730021A Withdrawn EP0277909A1 (fr) 1987-02-04 1988-01-29 Interrupteur sous vide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4795866A (fr)
EP (1) EP0277909A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS63213232A (fr)
DE (1) DE3703326A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0419940A2 (fr) * 1989-09-23 1991-04-03 ABB Calor Emag Schaltanlagen Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'un boîtier pour interrupteur à vide
FR2706448A1 (fr) * 1993-06-18 1994-12-23 Siemens Ag Procédé pour réaliser une liaison brasée étanche aux gaz et application du procédé à la fabrication de composants comportant un boîtier étanche au vide.

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2005574C (fr) * 1988-12-27 1999-09-07 Warren Alan Thaler Amino-acides primaires avec empechement sterique permettant d'ameliorer le procede d'epuration des gaz acides
DE4214550A1 (de) * 1992-04-29 1993-11-04 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltroehre
DE9319945U1 (de) * 1993-12-21 1995-04-20 Siemens AG, 80333 München Lötring für vakuumelektronische Bauelemente
DE19902500B4 (de) * 1999-01-22 2004-07-22 Moeller Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kontaktanordnung für eine Vakuumschaltröhre
JP3690979B2 (ja) * 2000-11-30 2005-08-31 日本特殊陶業株式会社 金属−セラミック接合体及びそれを用いた真空スイッチユニット
NL1019651C2 (nl) * 2001-12-21 2003-06-24 Holec Holland Nv Soldeerring voor vervaardigen van vacuümbuis, en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een dergelijke soldeerring en van een vacuümbuis.
FR2951314A1 (fr) * 2009-10-12 2011-04-15 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif d'assemblage par brasage d'un capot d'extremite sur un corps cylindrique et ampoule a vide comportant un tel dispositif

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1957812A1 (de) * 1969-04-24 1970-11-05 Elektro App Werke Berlin Trept Schaltkapsel fuer Vakuumschalter und -schuetze
GB1281938A (en) * 1969-11-12 1972-07-19 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to vacuum-type circuit-interrupting devices
DE2659871A1 (de) * 1975-03-22 1977-10-27 Gemvac Kk Vakuumleistungsschalter und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
EP0129080A1 (fr) * 1983-05-20 1984-12-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Interrupteur sous vide

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3063033D1 (en) * 1979-03-30 1983-06-16 Siemens Ag Contact arrangement for vacuum switches and process for their manufacture

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1957812A1 (de) * 1969-04-24 1970-11-05 Elektro App Werke Berlin Trept Schaltkapsel fuer Vakuumschalter und -schuetze
GB1281938A (en) * 1969-11-12 1972-07-19 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to vacuum-type circuit-interrupting devices
DE2659871A1 (de) * 1975-03-22 1977-10-27 Gemvac Kk Vakuumleistungsschalter und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
EP0129080A1 (fr) * 1983-05-20 1984-12-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Interrupteur sous vide

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0419940A2 (fr) * 1989-09-23 1991-04-03 ABB Calor Emag Schaltanlagen Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'un boîtier pour interrupteur à vide
EP0419940A3 (en) * 1989-09-23 1991-12-27 Calor-Emag Elektrizitaets-Aktiengesellschaft Method of manufacture of a housing for a vacuum switch
FR2706448A1 (fr) * 1993-06-18 1994-12-23 Siemens Ag Procédé pour réaliser une liaison brasée étanche aux gaz et application du procédé à la fabrication de composants comportant un boîtier étanche au vide.
WO1995000459A1 (fr) * 1993-06-18 1995-01-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede de realisation de soudures etanches aux gaz et application du procede pour produire des composants a boitier etanche au vide
US6533161B1 (en) 1993-06-18 2003-03-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing a gas-tight soldered joint and use of the process in the production of components with a vacuum-tight casing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4795866A (en) 1989-01-03
DE3703326A1 (de) 1988-08-18
JPS63213232A (ja) 1988-09-06

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