EP0276648A1 - Exhaust manifolds for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Exhaust manifolds for internal-combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0276648A1
EP0276648A1 EP88100004A EP88100004A EP0276648A1 EP 0276648 A1 EP0276648 A1 EP 0276648A1 EP 88100004 A EP88100004 A EP 88100004A EP 88100004 A EP88100004 A EP 88100004A EP 0276648 A1 EP0276648 A1 EP 0276648A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
manifold
insulation
casing
exhaust manifold
manifold according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88100004A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus Leistritz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tezet Service AG
Original Assignee
Tezet Service AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tezet Service AG filed Critical Tezet Service AG
Publication of EP0276648A1 publication Critical patent/EP0276648A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/102—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/24—Concentric tubes or tubes being concentric to housing, e.g. telescopically assembled

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

The internal diameter of the insulating surrounding sleeve (1) of the manifold is greater than the external diameter of the exhaust manifold tube (2), so that an air gap (4) is formed which reinforces the insulating effect of the surrounding sleeve. This loose insulating sleeve is held in position on the exhaust manifold by means of tubular straps (5) or similar suitable devices. <IMAGE>

Description

Auslasskrümmer für VerbrennungsmotorenExhaust manifold for internal combustion engines

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Auslass­bzw. Abgaskrümmer für Verbrennungsmotoren, welcher mit einer flexiblen Isolierung versehen ist, die sich über mindestens einen Teil der Länge des Krümmers erstreckt.The present invention relates to an outlet. Exhaust manifold for internal combustion engines, which is provided with a flexible insulation that extends over at least part of the length of the manifold.

Ein Problem insbesondere bei katalytisch gereinig­ten Verbrennungsmotoren besteht darin, dass die Abgasein­trittstemperatur in den Katalysator möglichst hoch sein soll, um einen grossen Wirkungsgrad, resp. überhaupt eine Wirkung zu erzielen.A problem in particular with catalytically cleaned internal combustion engines is that the exhaust gas inlet temperature in the catalytic converter should be as high as possible in order to achieve a high degree of efficiency or to have any effect at all.

Durch Isolation des Auspuffkrümmers möglichst bis zur Katalysatoreinbaustelle wird versucht, die Abkühlung des Abgases zu verringern. Bei den üblicher­weise aus Gussmaterial hergestellten Krümmern wird diese Isolation beispielsweise durch eine auf der Innenseite des Rohres aufgebrachte Beschichtung (z.B. Keramik, Silikon) erreicht. Diese Innenbeschichtung hat jedoch den Nachteil, einerseits relativ teuer und andererseits nicht dauerhaft zu sein, was zu früh­zeitigem Ersatz oder Reparatur des Auslasskrümmers führt und somit eine teure Lösung darstellt. Aussenlie­gende, auf den Krümmer aufgebrachte Isolationsschichten weisen dieselben Nachteile auf.By isolating the exhaust manifold as far as possible up to the catalytic converter installation point, an attempt is made to reduce the cooling of the exhaust gas. In the elbows usually made of cast material, this insulation is achieved, for example, by a coating (e.g. ceramic, silicone) applied to the inside of the pipe. However, this inner coating has the disadvantage of being relatively expensive on the one hand and not being permanent on the other hand, which leads to early replacement or repair of the exhaust manifold and thus represents an expensive solution. External insulation layers applied to the manifold have the same disadvantages.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, eine dauerhafte und wirkungsvolle Isolation des Auspuffkrümmers zu schaffen, d.h. die Wärmeabstrah­lung in den Motorraum klein und die Abgastemperatur hoch zu halten.The object of the present invention is to provide a permanent and effective insulation of the exhaust manifold, ie to keep the heat radiation into the engine compartment small and to keep the exhaust gas temperature high.

Gelöst wird dieses Problem durch den erfindungs­gemässen Auslasskrümmer, bei welchem die Isolation als lose Ummantelung wenigstens über Teile des Auslass­krümmers angebracht ist.This problem is solved by the exhaust manifold according to the invention, in which the insulation is attached as a loose sheath at least over parts of the exhaust manifold.

Diese Ummantelung besteht vorzugsweise aus einem hochtemperaturfesten Gewebe oder Gewirk, beispiels­weise aus asbesthaltigem Material.This sheathing preferably consists of a high-temperature-resistant woven or knitted fabric, for example of an asbestos-containing material.

Der durch die lose Ummantelung zwischen Isola­tionsmaterial und Auslasskrümmer gebildete Hohlraum bzw. Luftspalt verstärkt die Isolationswirkung und verhindert zerstörerische Materialbeanspruchung durch die unterschiedlichen Temperaturausdehnungen der Isola­tion und des eigentlichen Auslasskrümmermaterials.The cavity or air gap formed by the loose sheathing between the insulation material and the exhaust manifold reinforces the insulation effect and prevents destructive material stress due to the different temperature expansions of the insulation and the actual exhaust manifold material.

Wegen der angestrebten höheren Abgastemperaturen wird für den Auslasskrümmer vorzugsweise Edelstahl (z.B. Cr-Stahl) verwendet, da herkömmliches Gussmaterial rascher zerstört würde.Because of the desired higher exhaust gas temperatures, stainless steel (e.g. Cr steel) is preferably used for the exhaust manifold, since conventional casting material would be destroyed more quickly.

Um die Ummantelung in der gewünschten Position zu halten, werden vorzugsweise Rohrbriden an den Enden der Isolation angebracht. Dies stellt eine einfache wie auch billige Befestigung dar und kann bei Bedarf schnell gelöst werden.To keep the jacket in the desired position, pipe clips are preferably attached to the ends of the insulation. This is a simple as well as cheap attachment and can be solved quickly if necessary.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels noch näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 die Ansicht eines Auslasskrümmers für einen Vierzylinder-Verbrennungsmotor, und
  • Fig. 2 die Ansicht eines aufgeschnittenen Auslassrohres mit Isolationsmantel.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. It shows:
  • Fig. 1 is a view of an exhaust manifold for a four-cylinder internal combustion engine, and
  • Fig. 2 shows the view of a cut outlet pipe with an insulation jacket.

Fig. 1 der Zeichnung zeigt einen erfindungsgemäs­sen Auslasskrümmer mit Ummantelung 1, dem eigentlichen Auslasskrümmerrohr 2 und den Flanschen 3 zur Befestigung des Krümmners an einem Motorblock.Fig. 1 of the drawing shows an exhaust manifold according to the invention with a casing 1, the actual exhaust manifold tube 2 and the flanges 3 for fastening the exhaust manifold to an engine block.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch ein Auslass­krümmerrohr mit dem zwischen Ummantelung 1 und Rohr 2 gebildeten Luftspalt 4. Im weiteren ist die Befestigung der Ummantelung am Rohr durch eine Rohrbride 5 gezeigt. Die Briden 5 werden an den einzelnen Rohren beim Flansch 3 (Fig. 1) sowie am Sammelrohr am Ende der Ummantelung (z.B. beim Katalysator) angebracht.FIG. 2 shows a section through an exhaust manifold pipe with the air gap 4 formed between the casing 1 and pipe 2. Furthermore, the fastening of the casing to the pipe by a pipe clamp 5 is shown. The clips 5 are attached to the individual tubes at the flange 3 (FIG. 1) and to the collecting tube at the end of the casing (e.g. for the catalytic converter).

Die Ummantelung auch eines kompliziert gestalte­ten Krümmers kann beispielsweise durch Anbringen von Bändern aus Isolationsmaterial erfolgen, welche um die Auslasskrümmerrohre gelegt und die Nahtstellen z.B. mechanisch verschlossen werden (z.B. Metallklam­mern), so dass eine im wesentlichen dichte Umhüllung erreicht wird.A complex elbow can also be encased, for example, by attaching strips of insulation material which are placed around the outlet manifold pipes and the seams e.g. mechanically closed (e.g. metal clips), so that an essentially tight covering is achieved.

Anstelle der obenerwähnten Bänder können auch vorfabrizierte rohr- bzw. schlauchförmige Isolations­materialien verwendet werden, welche über die Auslass­krümmerrohre geschoben und in geeigneter Weise, z.B. wie oben beschrieben, miteinander verbunden werden.Instead of the tapes mentioned above, prefabricated tubular or tubular insulation materials can also be used, which are pushed over the exhaust manifold tubes and suitably, e.g. as described above.

Damit zwischen dem Rohr 2 und der Ummantelung 1 ein mehr oder weniger gleichförmiger Luftspalt 4 gewährleistet ist, können im Spalt passende Abstandsorgane 6 angeordnet sein. Diese können als separate Teile, z.B. in Form einer zwischengelegten Drahtwendel mit in Abständen vorgesehenen Abkröpfungen 6ʹ, oder als integrierende Bestandteile der Ummantelung (lokale Erhöhungen auf der Innenseite der Ummantelung) ausgebildet sein.In order that a more or less uniform air gap 4 is ensured between the tube 2 and the casing 1, suitable spacing elements 6 can be arranged in the gap. These can be used as separate parts, e.g. in the form of an interposed wire helix with bends 6ʹ provided at intervals, or as integrating components of the casing (local elevations on the inside of the casing).

Ferner kann die schlauchförmige Isolierung ihrerseits von einer Hülle oder einem Käfig aus Metall umgeben sein, z.B. in Form eines Well- bzw. Flexrohres.Furthermore, the tubular insulation may in turn be surrounded by a metal sheath or cage, e.g. in the form of a corrugated or flexible tube.

Claims (7)

1. Auslasskrümmer für Verbrennungsmotoren, welcher mit einer flexiblen Isolierung versehen ist, die sich über mindestens einen Teil der Länge des Krüm­mers erstreckt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Isolie­rung (1) als wenigstens Teile des Auslasskrümmers (2) lose umgebende Ummantelung ausgebildet ist.1. exhaust manifold for internal combustion engines, which is provided with a flexible insulation that extends over at least part of the length of the manifold, characterized in that the insulation (1) is designed as at least parts of the exhaust manifold (2) loosely surrounding casing. 2. Krümmer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich­net, dass die Krümmerrohre (2) aus Edelstahl gefertigt2. Manifold according to claim 1, characterized in that the manifold tubes (2) made of stainless steel 3. Krümmer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Isolierung (1) aus hochtempera­turfestem Gewebe oder Gewirk besteht.3. Manifold according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insulation (1) consists of high temperature resistant fabric or knitted fabric. 4. Krümmer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Isolierung (1) aus rohr- oder schlauchförmigem Material besteht.4. Manifold according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the insulation (1) consists of tubular or tubular material. 5. Krümmer nach einem der Ansprüche 1-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Krümmer (2) und der Ummantelung (1) Abstandsorgane (6) angeordnet sind, welche die Bildung eines Luftspaltes (4) zwischen Krümmer und Ummantelung gewährleisten.5. Manifold according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that between the manifold (2) and the casing (1) spacing members (6) are arranged which ensure the formation of an air gap (4) between the manifold and the casing. 6. Krümmer nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeich­net, dass die Abstandsorgane (6) auf der Innenseite der Ummantelung (1) angeordnet sind und als separate Teile oder als integrierende Bestandteile der Ummantelung ausgebildet sind.6. Manifold according to claim 5, characterized in that the spacer members (6) are arranged on the inside of the casing (1) and are designed as separate parts or as integrating components of the casing. 7. Krümmer nach einem der Ansprüche 1-6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Isolierung (1) aus hochtempera­turfestem Material in Schlauchform besteht und auf der Aussenseite von einer Hülle oder einem Käfig aus Metall, z.B. einem Wellschlauch oder einer Mehrzahl aneinandergekuppelter Rohrsegmente aus Metall, umgeben ist.7. Manifold according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the insulation (1) consists of high-temperature-resistant material in the form of a tube and on the outside of a shell or a cage made of metal, e.g. a corrugated hose or a plurality of mutually coupled pipe segments made of metal.
EP88100004A 1987-01-12 1988-01-02 Exhaust manifolds for internal-combustion engines Withdrawn EP0276648A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH7987 1987-01-12
CH79/87 1987-01-12

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EP0276648A1 true EP0276648A1 (en) 1988-08-03

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EP88100004A Withdrawn EP0276648A1 (en) 1987-01-12 1988-01-02 Exhaust manifolds for internal-combustion engines

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997012130A1 (en) * 1995-09-28 1997-04-03 Elring Klinger Gmbh Exhaust manifold
DE19953995A1 (en) * 1999-11-10 2001-05-17 Volkswagen Ag Exhaust gas system with heat screening for vehicle including exhaust gas conducting element and heat screening to be arranged between exhaust gas conducting element and bodywork of vehicle spaced at distance from exhaust conducting element
DE102013100389A1 (en) * 2013-01-15 2014-07-17 Alfred Buck Method for manufacturing e.g. C-shaped bearing ring used in e.g. exhaust gas damping device, involves forming workpiece slug into C-form, and providing workpiece slug as technical round knitted fabric
CN107989682A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 重庆宗隆动力有限公司 A kind of radiator and engine exhaust system

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2114732A5 (en) * 1970-11-20 1972-06-30 Alfa Romeo Spa
US3908372A (en) * 1974-08-15 1975-09-30 Tenneco Inc Heat shield for exhaust conduits
US4109755A (en) * 1976-10-04 1978-08-29 Tenneco, Inc. Noise attenuator
WO1979000623A1 (en) * 1978-02-15 1979-09-06 Caterpillar Tractor Co Insulated exhaust manifold
FR2549894A1 (en) * 1983-07-29 1985-02-01 Witzenmann Metallschlauchfab Insulated exhaust pipe for vehicle engine
DE3404771A1 (en) * 1984-02-10 1985-08-14 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Exhaust pipe of a reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine
GB2174755A (en) * 1985-04-29 1986-11-12 Teledyne Ind Exhaust manifold for opposed cylinder ic engines

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2114732A5 (en) * 1970-11-20 1972-06-30 Alfa Romeo Spa
US3908372A (en) * 1974-08-15 1975-09-30 Tenneco Inc Heat shield for exhaust conduits
US4109755A (en) * 1976-10-04 1978-08-29 Tenneco, Inc. Noise attenuator
WO1979000623A1 (en) * 1978-02-15 1979-09-06 Caterpillar Tractor Co Insulated exhaust manifold
FR2549894A1 (en) * 1983-07-29 1985-02-01 Witzenmann Metallschlauchfab Insulated exhaust pipe for vehicle engine
DE3404771A1 (en) * 1984-02-10 1985-08-14 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Exhaust pipe of a reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine
GB2174755A (en) * 1985-04-29 1986-11-12 Teledyne Ind Exhaust manifold for opposed cylinder ic engines

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997012130A1 (en) * 1995-09-28 1997-04-03 Elring Klinger Gmbh Exhaust manifold
DE19953995A1 (en) * 1999-11-10 2001-05-17 Volkswagen Ag Exhaust gas system with heat screening for vehicle including exhaust gas conducting element and heat screening to be arranged between exhaust gas conducting element and bodywork of vehicle spaced at distance from exhaust conducting element
DE102013100389A1 (en) * 2013-01-15 2014-07-17 Alfred Buck Method for manufacturing e.g. C-shaped bearing ring used in e.g. exhaust gas damping device, involves forming workpiece slug into C-form, and providing workpiece slug as technical round knitted fabric
DE102013100389B4 (en) * 2013-01-15 2015-06-25 Alfred Buck Damping device, securing element and method for its production
CN107989682A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 重庆宗隆动力有限公司 A kind of radiator and engine exhaust system

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