EP0205895A1 - Exhaust conduit of an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Exhaust conduit of an internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0205895A1
EP0205895A1 EP86106602A EP86106602A EP0205895A1 EP 0205895 A1 EP0205895 A1 EP 0205895A1 EP 86106602 A EP86106602 A EP 86106602A EP 86106602 A EP86106602 A EP 86106602A EP 0205895 A1 EP0205895 A1 EP 0205895A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust pipe
cavity
combustion engine
catalyst
pipe according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86106602A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Otto Stulle
Hans Peter Staudt
Rolf Dr. Kottmann
Wolfgang Maus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audi AG
Interatom Internationale Atomreaktorbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Audi AG
Interatom Internationale Atomreaktorbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi AG, Interatom Internationale Atomreaktorbau GmbH filed Critical Audi AG
Publication of EP0205895A1 publication Critical patent/EP0205895A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2842—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration specially adapted for monolithic supports, e.g. of honeycomb type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/02—Fitting monolithic blocks into the housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine that can be separated at least at one point without destruction and into which a body coated with a catalytic substance can be installed to reduce pollutants.
  • Catalysts are usually used as a complete unit between two sections of the exhaust line, generally with the interposition of flanges, and form part of the exhaust line. Since the catalytic substance (e.g. platinum or rhodium) only reaches its effect above a certain temperature, it is desirable to arrange the catalytic converter body at a point in the exhaust pipe where the temperature of the exhaust gases is still as high as possible, that is to say as close as possible to the internal combustion engine to quickly start the catalytic converter after starting.
  • the catalytic substance e.g. platinum or rhodium
  • the invention has for its object to design an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine so that the catalyst can be installed and removed with the least effort, so that the internal combustion engine can be operated either with or without a catalyst. This object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the catalytic converter does not form part of the exhaust pipe, but is removably inserted into the exhaust pipe.
  • one and the same exhaust pipe can be used both for vehicles without a catalytic converter and for those with a catalytic converter.
  • the exhaust pipe only needs to be separated at the separation point and the catalytic converter body has to be used.
  • the separation point is preferably provided in the usual manner with flanges that can be screwed together, so that the insertion, removal or replacement of the catalyst body presents no difficulties.
  • the cavity for receiving the catalytic converter body can be arranged at any point in the exhaust pipe, but preferably in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine or in the exhaust manifold directly adjacent to it, since the temperature of the exhaust gases is highest there and thus a rapid starting of the catalytic converter is ensured.
  • the catalytic converter can also be provided at other points in the exhaust line where the exhaust line is normally separated, for example next to the connecting flange of a muffler or an exhaust gas turbine.
  • a plurality of catalytic converter bodies can also be provided one behind the other and / or at different points in the exhaust line, which may have to perform different functions.
  • a metallic catalyst support body is preferably proposed, since it has a similar coefficient of thermal expansion as the material of the exhaust pipe, so that the measures mentioned at the outset, which are required for ceramic catalyst support bodies, are not necessary.
  • the catalytic converter has smaller dimensions and can therefore be arranged more easily near the internal combustion engine.
  • the exhaust pipe is preferably provided with flanges that can be screwed together at the separation point.
  • an elastic seal between the flanges and to select a larger diameter of the catalyst body than the inside diameter of the exhaust pipe at the separation point. behind the cavity.
  • the elastic seal is heated by the catalytic converter body before being exposed to it Exhaust gases protected.
  • the hot room should have a small axial undersize compared to the catalyst body. Centering of the catalyst in the cavity can be achieved in that the cavity is provided on its end face facing away from the separation point with a conically shaped contact surface for the catalyst body.
  • Fig. 1 denotes the cylinder head of a four-cylinder vehicle internal combustion engine, on the outlet ducts of which two exhaust manifolds 2 and 3, one for two cylinders, are flanged.
  • a downpipe 5 is flanged to the ends of the exhaust manifolds 2 and 3, which is connected by a flange connection 6 to the exhaust gas turbine 7 of an exhaust gas turbocharger.
  • a further section 9 of the exhaust pipe is flanged at 8, which is connected to a front silencer 11 by a flange connection 10.
  • a main silencer 13 is flanged to the front silencer 11 at 12, which in turn is connected to the exhaust pipe 15 by a flange connection 14.
  • the exhaust pipe Before or after each separation point.
  • the exhaust pipe i.e. on the flange connection of the exhaust manifold 2, 3 to the cylinder head 1, and on the flange connections 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 14, the exhaust pipe (including the exhaust ports provided in the cylinder block 1) includes an in Figure 2 shown cavity 16 are provided, the inner diameter is greater than the inner diameter d of the exhaust pipe and into which a catalyst body 17 is inserted axially with radial play.
  • the cavity 16 has a slight axial undersize compared to the catalyst body 17, so that the catalyst body 17, whose outer diameter is slightly larger than the inner diameter d of the exhaust pipe, when the flanges 18, 19 are screwed together to the end face 20 of the cavity facing away from the separation point 16 is pressed.
  • This end face 20 is conical in shape in order to center the catalyst body 17 in the cavity 16. Between the flanges 18 and 19, an elastic seal 21 is provided with which a tight connection is achieved. The seal 21 is protected by the outer wall of the catalyst body 17 from direct exposure to hot exhaust gases.
  • FIG. 1 shows only all possible locations at the cross-hatched locations at which the catalyst body 17 can be arranged. In practice, a catalyst body is not provided at every separation point.
  • the exhaust pipe can be used with or without the catalyst body 17 and that it is only necessary to detach the flange connection in question for the installation, removal and replacement of the catalyst cartridge 17.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

In an exhaust conduit of an internal-combustion engine which can be separated non-destructively at at least one point, next to at least one separating point a cavity 16 is provided into which can be pushed axially a body 17, coated with a catalyser substance, with radial play. This results in the capability for rapid, problem-free installation and removal, and replacement of the catalyser body 17. Since the catalyser is not, as is usual, a component of the exhaust conduit, one and the same exhaust conduit can be used with or without the catalyser. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine an mindestens einer Stelle zerstörungsfrei trennbare Abgasleitung eines Verbrennungsmotors, in die ein mit einer katalytischen Substanz beschichteter Körper zur Schadstoffreduzierung einbaubar ist.The invention relates to an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine that can be separated at least at one point without destruction and into which a body coated with a catalytic substance can be installed to reduce pollutants.

Katalysatoren werden üblicherweise als komplette Einheit zwischen zwei Abschnitte der Abgasleitung im allgemeinen unter Zwischenschaltung von Flanschen lösbar eingesetzt und bilden einen Teil der Abgasleitung. Da die katalytische Substanz (z.B. Platin oder Rhodium) ihre Wirkung erst ab einer gewissen Temperatur erreicht, ist es wünschenswert, den Katalysatorkörper an einer Stelle in der Abgasleitung anzuordnen, an der die Temperatur der Abgase noch möglichst hoch ist, also möglichst nahe an der Brennkraftmaschine, um ein schnelles Anspringen des Katalysators nach dem Start zu erreichen. Infolge der meist sehr beengten Platzverhältnisse im Mbtorraum eines Kraftfahrzeuges ist jedoch eine derartige Anordnung meist nicht möglich, zumal die zur Zeit überwiegend verwendeten Katalysatorkörper aus Keramik bestehen und mit Rücksicht auf die unterschiedliche Wärmeausdehnung der Keramik und der Blechummantelung sowie zum Schutz vor mechanischen Erschütterungen unter Zwischenschaltung einer elastichen Lage, z.B: eines Drahtgeflechtes, unverrückbar in der Ummantelung befestigt werden müssen, wodurch der Durchmesser des Katalysators entsprechend vergrößert wird. Da der Katalysator einen Teil der Abgasleitung bildet, ist es nicht möglich, die Brennkraftmaschine ohne Katalysator zu betreiben, was wünschenswert wäre, wenn ein und derselbe Fahrzeugtyp einmal in Länder mit Abgasvorschriften, die einen Kataylsator erfordern, und zum anderen in Länder ohne solche Abgasvorschriften geliefert werden soll. Es ist daher auch nicht möglich, den Katalysator kurzzeitig auszubauem, wenn das Fahrzeug vorübergehend in Ländern betrieben wird, in denen kein bleifreies Benzin angeboten wird, was bekanntlich eine unabdingbare Voraussetzung für den Betrieb von Katalysator-Kraftfahrzeugen ist.Catalysts are usually used as a complete unit between two sections of the exhaust line, generally with the interposition of flanges, and form part of the exhaust line. Since the catalytic substance (e.g. platinum or rhodium) only reaches its effect above a certain temperature, it is desirable to arrange the catalytic converter body at a point in the exhaust pipe where the temperature of the exhaust gases is still as high as possible, that is to say as close as possible to the internal combustion engine to quickly start the catalytic converter after starting. As a result of the usually very cramped space in the door area of a motor vehicle, such an arrangement is usually not possible, especially since the catalyst bodies which are currently predominantly used are made of ceramic and with due regard to the different thermal expansion of the ceramic and the sheet metal sheathing and to protect against mechanical vibrations with the interposition of one elastic position, for example: a wire mesh, must be fixed immovably in the sheathing, which increases the diameter of the catalyst accordingly. Since the catalytic converter forms part of the exhaust pipe, it is not possible to operate the internal combustion engine without a catalytic converter, which would be desirable if the same type of vehicle were delivered to countries with exhaust gas regulations that require a catalytic converter and to countries without such exhaust gas regulations shall be. It is therefore also not possible to briefly remove the catalytic converter if the vehicle is being operated temporarily in countries where unleaded petrol is not available, which is known to be an essential prerequisite for the operation of catalytic converter motor vehicles.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Abgasleitung einer Brennkraftmaschine so auszugestalten, daß der Katalysator mit geringstem Aufwand ein-und ausgebaut werden kann, sok daß die Brennkraftmaschine wahlweise mit oder ohne Katalysator betrieben werden kann. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Kennzeichens des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The invention has for its object to design an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine so that the catalyst can be installed and removed with the least effort, so that the internal combustion engine can be operated either with or without a catalyst. This object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlag bildet der Katalysator im Gegensatz zu den bekannten Ausführungen kein Teil der Abgasleitung, sondern er ist herausnehmbar in die Abgasleitung eingesetzt. Demzufolge kann ein und dieselbe Abgasleitung sowohl für Fahrzeuge ohne Katalysator, als auch für solche mit Katalysator verwendet werden. Wird ein Katalysator benötigt, so braucht die Abgasleitung lediglich an der Trennstelle getrennt und der Katalysatorkörper, eingesetzt zu werden. Die Trennstelle wird bevorzugt in üblicher Weise mit zusammenschraubbaren Flanschen versehen, so daß das Einsetzen, Herausnehmen oder Auswechseln des Katalysatorkörpers keinerlei Schwierigkeiten bereitet.In the proposal according to the invention, in contrast to the known designs, the catalytic converter does not form part of the exhaust pipe, but is removably inserted into the exhaust pipe. As a result, one and the same exhaust pipe can be used both for vehicles without a catalytic converter and for those with a catalytic converter. If a catalytic converter is required, the exhaust pipe only needs to be separated at the separation point and the catalytic converter body has to be used. The separation point is preferably provided in the usual manner with flanges that can be screwed together, so that the insertion, removal or replacement of the catalyst body presents no difficulties.

Der Hohlraum zur Aufnahme des Katalysatorkörpers kann an sich an jeder beliebigen Stelle der Abgasleitung angeordnet werden, vorzugsweise jedoch im Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine oder in dem direkt daran anschließenden Auspuffkrümmer, da dort die Temperatur der Abgase am höchsten und somit ein schnelles Anspringen des Katalysators gewährleistet ist. Der Katalysator kann auch an anderen Stellen der Abgasleitung, an denen die Abgasleitung normalerweise getrennt ist, beispielweise neben dem Anschlußflansch eines Schalldämpfers oder einer Abgasturbine, vorgesehen werden.The cavity for receiving the catalytic converter body can be arranged at any point in the exhaust pipe, but preferably in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine or in the exhaust manifold directly adjacent to it, since the temperature of the exhaust gases is highest there and thus a rapid starting of the catalytic converter is ensured. The catalytic converter can also be provided at other points in the exhaust line where the exhaust line is normally separated, for example next to the connecting flange of a muffler or an exhaust gas turbine.

Selbstverständlich können auch mehrere Kata-Iysatorkörper hintereinander und/oder an verschiedenen Stellen der Abgasleitung vorgesehen werden, die gegebenenfalls verschiedene Funktionen zu erfüllen haben.Of course, a plurality of catalytic converter bodies can also be provided one behind the other and / or at different points in the exhaust line, which may have to perform different functions.

Bevorzugt wird die Verwendung eines metallischen Katafysatorträgerkörpers vorgeschlagen, da dieser einen ähnlichen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten aufweist wie das Material der Abgasleitung, so daß die eingangs erwähnten, bei keramischen Katalysatorträgerkörper erforderlichen Maßnahmen nicht nötig sind. Dies hat zur Folge, daß der Katalysator kleinere Abmessungen hat und daher leichter nahe der Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet werden kann.The use of a metallic catalyst support body is preferably proposed, since it has a similar coefficient of thermal expansion as the material of the exhaust pipe, so that the measures mentioned at the outset, which are required for ceramic catalyst support bodies, are not necessary. As a result, the catalytic converter has smaller dimensions and can therefore be arranged more easily near the internal combustion engine.

Wie erwähnt, ist die Abgasleitung an der Trennstelle vorzugsweise mit zusammenschraubbaren Flanschen versehen. Um ein Klappem des Katalysatorkörpers in dem Hohlraum zu vermeiden, ist es dabei zweckmäßig, zwischen den Flanschen eine elastische Dichtung anzuordnen und den Durchmesser des Katalysatorkörpers größer zu wählen als den Innendurchmesser der Abgasleitung an der Trennstelle vor-bzw. hinter dem Hohlraum. Beim Zusammenschrauben der Flansche wird der Katalysatorkörper an die von der Trennstelle abgewandte Stirnfläche des Hohlraums angedrückt, wobei die elastische Dichtung in der Lage ist, Fertigungstoleranzen auszugleichen. Die elastische Dichtung wird durch den Katalysatorkörper vor direkter Beaufschlagung mit heißen Abgasen geschützt. Der Hotraum sollte dabei gegenüber dem Katalysatorkörper ein geringes axiales Untermaß aufweisen. Eine Zentrierung des Katalysators in dem Holraum kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß der Hohlraum an seiner von der Trennstelle abgewandten Stirnfläche mit einer kegelig geformten Anlagefläche für den Katalysatorkörper versehen wird.As mentioned, the exhaust pipe is preferably provided with flanges that can be screwed together at the separation point. In order to prevent the catalyst body from clattering in the cavity, it is expedient to arrange an elastic seal between the flanges and to select a larger diameter of the catalyst body than the inside diameter of the exhaust pipe at the separation point. behind the cavity. When the flanges are screwed together, the catalyst body is pressed against the end face of the cavity facing away from the separation point, the elastic seal being able to compensate for manufacturing tolerances. The elastic seal is heated by the catalytic converter body before being exposed to it Exhaust gases protected. The hot room should have a small axial undersize compared to the catalyst body. Centering of the catalyst in the cavity can be achieved in that the cavity is provided on its end face facing away from the separation point with a conically shaped contact surface for the catalyst body.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1, eine Abgasleitung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Abgasturbolader in schematischer Darstellung, und
  • Fig. 2, einen Längsschnitt einer Trennstelle der Abgasleitung mit eingesetztem Katalysatorkörper in größerem Maßstab.
An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawings. It shows:
  • Fig. 1, an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine with exhaust gas turbocharger in a schematic representation, and
  • Fig. 2, a longitudinal section of a separation point of the exhaust pipe with the catalyst body inserted on a larger scale.

In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 der Zylinderkopf einer Vierzylinder-Fahrzeug -Brennkraftmaschine bezeichnet, an deren Auslasskanäle zwei Auspuffkrümmer 2 und 3, jeweils einer für zwei Zylinder,angeflanscht sind. An die Enden der Auspuffkrümmmer 2 und 3 ist bei 4 ein Hosenrohr 5 angeflanscht, das durch eine Flanschverbindung 6 mit der Abgasturbine 7 eines Abgasturboladers verbunden ist. An den Ausgang der Abgasturbine 7 ist bei 8 ein weiterer Abschnitt 9 der Abgasleitung angeflanscht, der durch eine Flanschverbindung 10 mit einem Vorschalldämpfer 11 verbunden ist. An den Vorschalldämpfer 11 ist bei 12 ein Hauptschalldämpfer 13 angeflanscht, der wiederum durch eine Flanschverbindung 14 mit dem Auspuffrohr 15 in Verbindung steht.In Fig. 1, 1 denotes the cylinder head of a four-cylinder vehicle internal combustion engine, on the outlet ducts of which two exhaust manifolds 2 and 3, one for two cylinders, are flanged. At 4, a downpipe 5 is flanged to the ends of the exhaust manifolds 2 and 3, which is connected by a flange connection 6 to the exhaust gas turbine 7 of an exhaust gas turbocharger. At the outlet of the exhaust gas turbine 7, a further section 9 of the exhaust pipe is flanged at 8, which is connected to a front silencer 11 by a flange connection 10. A main silencer 13 is flanged to the front silencer 11 at 12, which in turn is connected to the exhaust pipe 15 by a flange connection 14.

Vor oder hinter jeder Trennstelle. der Abgasleitung, also an der Flanschverbindung der Auspuffkrümmer 2,3 mit dem Zylinderkopf 1, sowie an den Flanschverbindungen 4,6,8,10,12 oder 14 kann in der Abgasleitung, (hierzu zählen auch die im Zylinderblock 1 vorgesehenen Auslasskanäle) ein in Figur 2 näher dargestellter Hohlraum 16 vorgesehen werden, dessen Innendurchmesser größer ist als der Innendurchmesser d der Abgasleitung und in den ein Katalysatorkörper 17 mit radialem Spiel axial eingeschoben wird. Der Hohlraum 16 weist gegenüber dem dem Katalysatorkörper 17 ein geringes axiales Untermaß auf, so daß der Katalysatorkörper 17, dessen Aussendurchmesser geringfügig größer ist als der Innendurchmesser d der Abgasleitung, beim Zussammenschrauben der Flansche 18, 19 an die von der Trennstelle abgewandte Stirnfläche 20 des Hohlraumes 16 angedrückt wird. Diese Stirnfläche 20 ist kegelig geformt, um eine Zentrierung des Katalysatorkörpers 17 im Hohlraum 16 zu erreichen. Zwischen den Flanschen 18 und 19 ist eine elastische Dichtung 21 vorgesehen, mit der ein dichter Anschluß erreicht wird. Die Dichtung 21 ist durch die Aussenwand des Katalysatorkörpers 17 vor direkter Beaufschlagung mit heißen Abgasen geschützt.Before or after each separation point. the exhaust pipe, i.e. on the flange connection of the exhaust manifold 2, 3 to the cylinder head 1, and on the flange connections 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 14, the exhaust pipe (including the exhaust ports provided in the cylinder block 1) includes an in Figure 2 shown cavity 16 are provided, the inner diameter is greater than the inner diameter d of the exhaust pipe and into which a catalyst body 17 is inserted axially with radial play. The cavity 16 has a slight axial undersize compared to the catalyst body 17, so that the catalyst body 17, whose outer diameter is slightly larger than the inner diameter d of the exhaust pipe, when the flanges 18, 19 are screwed together to the end face 20 of the cavity facing away from the separation point 16 is pressed. This end face 20 is conical in shape in order to center the catalyst body 17 in the cavity 16. Between the flanges 18 and 19, an elastic seal 21 is provided with which a tight connection is achieved. The seal 21 is protected by the outer wall of the catalyst body 17 from direct exposure to hot exhaust gases.

Figur 1 zeigt an den kreuzschraffierten Stellen lediglich alle möglichen Stellen, an denen der Katalysatorkörper 17 angeordnet werden kann. In der Praxis wird nicht an jeder Trennstelle ein Katalysatorkörper vorgesehen.FIG. 1 shows only all possible locations at the cross-hatched locations at which the catalyst body 17 can be arranged. In practice, a catalyst body is not provided at every separation point.

Bei Verwendung eines metallischen Katalysatorkörpers ist es aufgrund der verhältnismäßig geringen Abmessungen möglich, für jeden Zylinder einen eigenen, entsprechend kleinen Katalysatorkörper vor oder hinter dem Anschlußflansch der Auspuffkrümmer vorzusehen. Die Anordnung weiterer Katalysatorkörper entlang der Abgasleitung dürfte sich dann im allgemeinen erübrigen.When using a metallic catalyst body, it is possible due to the relatively small dimensions to provide a separate, correspondingly small catalyst body for each cylinder in front of or behind the connecting flange of the exhaust manifold. The arrangement of further catalyst bodies along the exhaust pipe should then generally not be necessary.

Es ist ersichtlich, daß die Abgasleitung mit oder ohne Katalysatorkörper 17 verwendet werden kann und daß es zum Einbau, zum Ausbau und zum Austausch der Katalysatorpatrone 17 lediglich erforderlich ist, die betreffende Flanschverbindung zu lösen.It can be seen that the exhaust pipe can be used with or without the catalyst body 17 and that it is only necessary to detach the flange connection in question for the installation, removal and replacement of the catalyst cartridge 17.

Claims (7)

1. An mindestens einer Stelle zerstörungsfrei trennbare Abgasleitung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem mit einer Katalysatorsubstanz zur Schadstoffreduzierung beschichteten Körper,dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Abgasleitung neben. mindestens einer Trennstelle ein Hohlraum (16) vorgesehen ist, in den der Katalysatorkörper (17) mit radialem Spiel axial einschiebbar ist.1. At least one point non-destructively separable exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine with a body coated with a catalyst substance for reducing pollutants, characterized in that in addition to the exhaust pipe. At least one separation point is provided with a cavity (16) into which the catalyst body (17) can be inserted axially with radial play. 2. Abgasleitung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie bekannter Weise an der Trennstelle mit zusammenschraubbaren Flanschen (18,19) versehen ist, daß zwischen den Flanschen - (18,19) eine elastische Dichtung (21) angeordnet ist, und daß der Durchmesser des Katalysatorkörpers (17) größer ist als der Innendurchmesser (d) der Abgasleitung an der Trennstelle vor bzw. hinter dem Hohlraum (16).2. Exhaust pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided in a known manner at the separation point with flanges (18, 19) which can be screwed together, that an elastic seal (21) is arranged between the flanges (18, 19), and that The diameter of the catalyst body (17) is larger than the inside diameter (d) of the exhaust pipe at the separation point in front of or behind the cavity (16). 3. Abgasleitung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Holhraum (16) gegenuüber dem Katalysatorkörper (17) ein geringes axiales Untermaß aufweist.3. Exhaust pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that the hollow space (16) compared to the catalyst body (17) has a small axial undersize. 4. Abgasleitung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Holraum (16) an seiner von der Trennstelle abgewandten Stirnfläche eine kegelig geformte Anlagefläche - (20) für den Katalysatorkörper (17) aufweist.4. Exhaust pipe according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the cavity (16) on its end face facing away from the separation point has a conically shaped contact surface - (20) for the catalyst body (17). 5. Abgasleitung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlraum - (16) im Zylinderkopf (1) der Brennkraftsmachine angeordnet ist.5. Exhaust pipe according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the cavity - (16) in the cylinder head (1) of the internal combustion engine is arranged. 6. Abgasleitung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlraum - (16) im Auspuffkrümmer (2 bzw.3) angeordnet ist.6. Exhaust pipe according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the cavity - (16) is arranged in the exhaust manifold (2 or 3). 7. Abgasleitung nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein metallischer Katalysatorträgerkörper (17) verwendet wird.7. Exhaust pipe according to one or more of the preceding claims. characterized in that a metallic catalyst carrier body (17) is used.
EP86106602A 1985-05-24 1986-05-15 Exhaust conduit of an internal-combustion engine Withdrawn EP0205895A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3518756 1985-05-24
DE19853518756 DE3518756A1 (en) 1985-05-24 1985-05-24 EXHAUST PIPE FROM AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

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EP0205895A1 true EP0205895A1 (en) 1986-12-30

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EP86106602A Withdrawn EP0205895A1 (en) 1985-05-24 1986-05-15 Exhaust conduit of an internal-combustion engine

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EP (1) EP0205895A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61272413A (en)
KR (1) KR860009214A (en)
BR (1) BR8602380A (en)
DE (1) DE3518756A1 (en)
DK (1) DK240986A (en)

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EP0870910A3 (en) * 1997-04-10 1999-12-15 Zeuna-Stärker Gmbh & Co Kg Exhaust gas purification device
WO2001092691A1 (en) * 2000-06-02 2001-12-06 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Jacket tube with thermally insulating beading

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DE3930380A1 (en) * 1989-09-12 1991-03-21 Porsche Ag EXHAUST SYSTEM OF A MULTI-CYLINDER COMBUSTION ENGINE
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DE4234436C2 (en) * 1992-10-13 1999-12-30 Friedrich Schaal Retrofit catalytic converter unregulated without lambda probe and without control device
DE4335153C2 (en) * 1993-10-15 1995-09-21 Porsche Ag Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas turbocharger
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DE4431134C2 (en) * 1994-09-01 1997-03-06 Himmelsbach Johann Device for improving the temperature resistance of catalysts for internal combustion engines
US5849251A (en) * 1995-07-17 1998-12-15 Timko; Mark Catalytic converter for a tailpipe including apparatus for relieving back pressure
AU754057B2 (en) * 1996-03-19 2002-10-31 Mark Timko Catalytic converter for a tailpipe including apparatus for relieving back pressure
US5849250A (en) * 1997-02-03 1998-12-15 Timko; Mark Auxiliary catalytic converter having a back pressure relief device
US6052989A (en) * 1998-01-23 2000-04-25 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Emission control system for internal combustion engines
DE19822693B4 (en) * 1998-05-20 2007-08-02 Volkswagen Ag Exhaust system of an internal combustion engine
DE29916158U1 (en) * 1999-09-14 1999-12-09 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Catalytic converter for cleaning exhaust gas and exhaust gas purification arrangement with a catalytic converter
US6669912B1 (en) 2000-02-15 2003-12-30 Senior Investments Ag Flexible combined vibration decoupling exhaust connector and preliminary catalytic converter construction
JP5220855B2 (en) * 2008-07-10 2013-06-26 日立建機株式会社 Exhaust gas treatment equipment
SE535473C2 (en) * 2010-12-03 2012-08-21 Scania Cv Ab Insert, holder and exhaust after-treatment unit

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EP0870910A3 (en) * 1997-04-10 1999-12-15 Zeuna-Stärker Gmbh & Co Kg Exhaust gas purification device
WO2001092691A1 (en) * 2000-06-02 2001-12-06 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Jacket tube with thermally insulating beading
US7670570B2 (en) 2000-06-02 2010-03-02 Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh Casing tube with thermally insulating beads

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK240986A (en) 1986-11-25
BR8602380A (en) 1987-01-21
JPS61272413A (en) 1986-12-02
DK240986D0 (en) 1986-05-22
DE3518756A1 (en) 1986-11-27
KR860009214A (en) 1986-12-20

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