EP0273911B1 - Noise-absorbing greenary-carrying structure - Google Patents

Noise-absorbing greenary-carrying structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0273911B1
EP0273911B1 EP86905665A EP86905665A EP0273911B1 EP 0273911 B1 EP0273911 B1 EP 0273911B1 EP 86905665 A EP86905665 A EP 86905665A EP 86905665 A EP86905665 A EP 86905665A EP 0273911 B1 EP0273911 B1 EP 0273911B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tyre
sectors
structure according
tire
openings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86905665A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0273911A1 (en
Inventor
Marion Lederbauer
Original Assignee
Lederbauer Wolfgang Dipl-Ing Dr
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT301585A external-priority patent/AT384638B/en
Priority claimed from AT301685A external-priority patent/AT384639B/en
Priority claimed from AT301485A external-priority patent/AT384637B/en
Priority claimed from AT301785A external-priority patent/AT384640B/en
Application filed by Lederbauer Wolfgang Dipl-Ing Dr filed Critical Lederbauer Wolfgang Dipl-Ing Dr
Publication of EP0273911A1 publication Critical patent/EP0273911A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0273911B1 publication Critical patent/EP0273911B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/02Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic specially adapted for sustaining vegetation or for accommodating plants ; Embankment-type or crib-type noise barriers; Retaining walls specially adapted to absorb or reflect noise
    • E01F8/021Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic specially adapted for sustaining vegetation or for accommodating plants ; Embankment-type or crib-type noise barriers; Retaining walls specially adapted to absorb or reflect noise with integral support structure
    • E01F8/023Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic specially adapted for sustaining vegetation or for accommodating plants ; Embankment-type or crib-type noise barriers; Retaining walls specially adapted to absorb or reflect noise with integral support structure made of stacked or staggered elements, e.g. hollow
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/025Combinations of at least two of the barrier member types covered by E01F15/04 - E01F15/08, e.g. rolled steel section or plastic strip backed up by cable, safety kerb topped by rail barrier
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/081Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material
    • E01F15/083Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material using concrete
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/081Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material
    • E01F15/086Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material using plastic, rubber or synthetic materials
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/395Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra for claustra, fences, planting walls, e.g. sound-absorbing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S52/00Static structures, e.g. buildings
    • Y10S52/09Structure including reclaimed component, e.g. trash

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a noise-absorbing, a green structure, z. B. for a wall along a traffic route, cladding of walls, guardrails or other road boundaries, boundaries of floor areas or the like., Using a variety of old tires, at least those cavities that exist between the two sides of a tire, one for the Growth of greening suitable material, e.g. B. earth.
  • Noise-absorbing structures using waste tires are also known, which has the advantage of a useful use for the waste tires. So it is z. B. known to clad the two sides of an embankment with offset layers of entire old tires and to arrange a planting. This solution also has the disadvantage of a high workload and a relatively long construction time, which is undesirable, particularly in the case of heavily trafficked sections of road, due to the necessary diversions or road closures. In addition, such sound-absorbing earth walls require a relatively large footprint that is not available everywhere.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid these disadvantages and to improve a noise-absorbing, green structure of the type described above while maintaining the advantage of a sensible use of old tires so that it takes up little space and also requires less material and working time Erection required and versatile in terms of the desired height and the desired course and has a favorable visual impression. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to keep the soil safe for greening plants and to protect it against the influence of salt, wind, rain and snow. In the case of such structures in which the impact of vehicles must be expected, this impact should be well damped. Furthermore, the aim is to keep the maintenance effort low and to be able to easily disassemble the structure if necessary.
  • the invention solves this problem in that the old tires are divided into interrelated tire sectors by cuts starting from the central tire opening, the concave sides of which face a supporting frame to which the tire sectors are fastened, one tire being severed completely by one cut and at least one further cut runs between the connected tire sectors along the tire flanks in the direction of the tread of the tire.
  • Such a structure is highly sound-absorbing due to the uneven surface formed by the tire sectors and preserves the advantage of a useful use for the old tires, from which the tire sectors can be produced without any problems, especially since generally only a few cuts, often only two cuts, are required to achieve the Manufacture tire sectors.
  • the described arrangement of the tire sectors has the advantage of a very small floor plan area of the structure, so that such a construction system can also be arranged where there is very little space available or where part of the available space cannot be used, e.g. B. to keep an escape route clear.
  • the effort in terms of working time and building material is comparatively low, in particular in comparison to the known construction of a clad earth wall, described in the introduction, since the earth mass to be moved is much less in the construction according to the invention.
  • the tire sectors make it possible to design the structure at practically any height and in any course, so that there is a high degree of adaptability to the prevailing circumstances.
  • the structure according to the invention can be erected with a much better visual impression than is possible with known sound-absorbing structures, especially since the tire sectors protect the soil they hold and thus the roots for the greening plants, because the tire sectors form a protective rubber layer, as it were, which the earth against those hurled by passing vehicles Bow wave, against salt influence, as well as against harmful weather effects, such as. B. hail, driving rain, snow and storm protects.
  • the living conditions for the greening plants are significantly improved, especially if those plants are used for the greening that are relatively insensitive to exhaust gases and salt scattering.
  • Another advantage of the structure according to the invention is that the arc-shaped tire sectors exert good shock absorption when a vehicle impacts, so that part of the impact energy of the vehicle is converted into deformation energy for the elastic tire sectors.
  • the damage to the vehicles, but also to the vehicle occupants and the existing components, is reduced as a result.
  • the supporting structure which is preferably divided over the length of the structure, carries a horizontally projecting, e.g. B. bent or welded leg, which forms a support for the layers of tires arranged one above the other.
  • a horizontally projecting e.g. B. bent or welded leg
  • the horizontally projecting leg (or possibly two horizontal legs projecting in different directions) carries the load of the tire sectors during transport and at the same time forms a provisional standing area and a good possibility of attack for hoists of all kinds, e.g. B.
  • the scaffolding according to the invention is a grid, preferably a galvanized steel grid.
  • the subdivision of the supporting structure over the length of the structure facilitates the prefabrication and transport mentioned, both of which can now be carried out element by element.
  • the material used for the growth of the greenery then needs to be introduced into the cavities delimited by the tire sectors and the greening plants used. This work can be carried out in a short time, so that the working time at the construction site and the associated roadblocks, diversions etc. are kept to a minimum.
  • the cuts run between the connected tire sectors along the side of the tire up to approximately the tread of the tire.
  • the mostly thicker tread does not need to be cut through and forms a permanent, flexible connection between the interconnected tire sectors, so that they can be easily pulled apart to form a substantially straight-line tire sector chain, regardless of whether the number of tire sectors in this chain is very small (at least 2) or is very large.
  • the sections of the central tire openings delimited by the tire sectors are expedient to arrange the sections of the central tire openings delimited by the tire sectors so as to overlap one another in the layers lying one above the other, preferably concentrically. This makes it easier to fill the cavities within the tire sectors from above in such a way that not every single layer has to be filled separately, but rather all layers at once from the top of the structure.
  • the central tire openings running from top to bottom over the height of the construction system formed by the structure can then be used to accommodate installations of any type, these installations being able to run at least essentially in a straight line, generally vertically.
  • the water if appropriate with the addition of fertilizers, can then pass unhindered from layer to layer through the central tire openings to all parts of the earth within the structure, in particular if, according to a development of the invention, perforated pipes lead to the water outlet openings and contain granular material, preferably sand , filled and wrapped with an absorbent material, preferably felt, and extend to the bottom layer of the tire sectors. This ensures an even supply of water to the soil required for greening with economical water consumption.
  • the greening may grow through the gaps remaining between the tire sectors, at least also from the top edge of the structure upwards and downwards, and green the tire sectors and thus the entire structure or the structure to be clad by it in an optically favorable manner.
  • the upward growth improves glare protection.
  • continuous openings for the passage of greenery plants can be provided in the tire sectors, in particular in the upper tire flank. Aeration of the soil within the tire sectors can be achieved by continuous ventilation openings provided in the tire sectors, in particular in their tread area, which are preferably smaller than the openings for the passage of the greening plants.
  • a moisture-tight film preferably made of plastic, can be arranged to avoid a disadvantageous influence of the wet earth on this structure between the support frame and the tire sectors.
  • FIG. 1 shows the application of the structure as a wall cladding, wherein individual components are shown broken off for the sake of clarity.
  • Fig. 2 is a section along the line 11-11 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is an embodiment variant of the structure, the structure itself forming the wall.
  • Fig. 5 is a section along the line V-V of Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a plan view of Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 7 shows a side view of the application of the invention to a roadway boundary.
  • Fig. 8 is a section along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7.
  • Fig. 9 is a plan view of Fig. 7.
  • Fig. 1 shows the application of the structure as a wall cladding, wherein individual components are shown broken off for the sake of clarity.
  • Fig. 2 is a section along the line 11-11 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of
  • FIG. 10 shows a side view of the application of the invention in connection with a guide rail of a roadway.
  • Fig. 11 is a section along the line XI-XI of Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 12 is a plan view of Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 13 shows the application of the invention to a limitation of a floor area.
  • Fig. 14 is a section along the line XIV-XIV of Fig. 13.
  • Fig. 15 is a plan view of Fig. 13.
  • a supporting frame 2 in the form of a structural steel grid is fastened to a wall 1 to be clad, for. B. in the wall 1 sunk dowels to which the support structure 2 is screwed.
  • the support structure 2 has an L-shaped shape with a vertical leg 3 and a horizontal leg 4, the latter resting on the load-bearing floor 5 (FIG. 2), which, for. B. is formed as a foundation in which the wall 1 is anchored.
  • the vertical leg 3 is covered by a moisture-proof film 6, in particular a plastic film.
  • a large number of old tires 7 are fastened to the vertical leg 3 of the supporting frame 2. Each of these old tires 7 has two cuts starting from the central tire opening 8 (FIG.
  • each used tire 7 is divided into two interconnected tire sectors 9, which are turned to the supporting structure 2 with their concave sides and fastened thereon.
  • This attachment can by means of any fasteners 10, z. B. dragon loops, screw connections, etc. take place.
  • This attachment is facilitated by the fact that two adjacent tire sectors 9 are still connected at point 11 (FIG. 3) in the area of the tread where the attachment means 10 can be mounted particularly cheaply and easily.
  • the individual old tires 7 or the tire sectors 9 are arranged in several horizontal layers in such a way that the central tire openings 8 overlap in the layers lying one above the other, as seen in the vertical direction.
  • a concentric arrangement of these tire openings 8 is preferred. This allows a material suitable for the growth of greenery 12, for. B. earth 13, fill easily from above into the remaining cavities, these are the cavities in the area of the tire openings 8 and the cavities delimited by the tire beads. This filling can take place after the structure formed by the old tires 7 has been completed from the uppermost layer of the old tires 7, the soil 13 falling through to the lowest old tire layer and filling it.
  • through openings 14 are provided in the tire sectors 9, in particular in their upper tire flanks 20, through which the plants of the greenery 12 can pass.
  • additional ventilation openings 15 (FIG. 1) are provided for the earth 13 located inside the tire beads.
  • a supply line 17 for water is higher than that on the upper edge 16 of the wall 1 top tires 7 arranged.
  • Drip lines 18 are connected to this supply line 17 at predetermined intervals, which also run parallel to the supply line 17 above the uppermost tire tire layer and are each provided with water outlet openings above the central tire openings 8 of the tire sectors 9.
  • Perforated, vertically extending pipes 19 are arranged under these water outlet openings, which are filled with granular material, in particular sand, and are wrapped with an absorbent material, in particular felt, and extend into the bottom layer of the tire sectors 9. This ensures uniform irrigation of the soil 13 in all layers of the tire sectors 9.
  • the film 6 prevents this moisture from reaching the supporting structure 2 or the wall 1.
  • the supporting structure 2 is divided over the length of the wall 1 at predetermined intervals, these intervals being expediently coordinated with the position of the continuous cuts in the old tires 7. This results in the possibility of prefabricating the support structure 2 together with the tire sectors 9 attached to it in one plant and in to lead the prefabricated state element by element to the point of use, where only the soil 13 needs to be filled in and the greening plants need to be used.
  • the horizontal leg 4 of the support frame 2 forms a support for the old tires 7. In the assembled state, this leg 4 lies on the floor 5, provided that the floor 5 is level and load-bearing, so that the weight of the old tires 7 is held by them Earth 13 and the greenery 12 derived in the soil 5 and the wall 1 is not burdened by it.
  • the structure forming a green covering from the old tires 7 will only be arranged on one side of the wall 1.
  • this cladding can also be provided on both sides of the wall 1, if this is desired.
  • each used tire 7 is divided into two interconnected tire sectors 9, each of which extends over 180 degrees, by only two cuts, only one of which passes through.
  • the old tire 7 can also be divided into tire sectors 9 by more than one inconsistent cut, so that more than two tire sectors 9 can be formed from a single old tire 7, which in special cases also have different lengths - measured in the circumferential direction of the old tire 7 - can have.
  • the distance between the front surface of the tire sectors 9 and the wall 1 can be set as desired, this distance becoming smaller the more tire sectors 9 are formed from a single old tire 7.
  • the tire sectors can be arranged in whole or in part at a distance from the supporting structure 2, with the fastening means 10 then, for. B. are formed by dragon loops.
  • each support structure 2 consists of an L-shaped structural steel grid, the two vertical legs 3 of the support structures being arranged adjacent to one another back to back and being firmly connected to one another and to the uprights 21, so that a stable support structure is created.
  • the two horizontal legs 4 of the two support frames 2 face away from one another and rest on the floor 5 and each carry a multiplicity of old tires 7, which are divided into interconnected tire sectors 9 in the manner described.
  • the two tire flanks 20 (FIG.
  • each tire sector 9 are separated by spreading pieces 22 lying between these tire flanks, e.g. B. wooden blocks, stiffened.
  • the tire sectors 9 are again fastened to the support structures 2 by means of fastening means 10, but in such a way that only the free ends of the interconnected tire sectors 9 rest on the support structure 2, whereas the parts of the tire sectors in between, in particular the locations 11, at which two tire sectors 9 each interrelated, from the support structure 2 at a distance (Fig. 6).
  • existing fasteners for. B. wire loops can secure this distance.
  • the soil 13 lying in the tire openings 8 can be arranged more coherently, which is conducive to the growth of the greenery 12.
  • the free ends of the tire sectors 9 can also be spaced apart from the supporting structure 2 in order to create even more space for earth. It serves the same purpose if the tire sectors 9 of one side of the structure they form are offset relative to the tire sectors 9 lying on the other side thereof, preferably by half the tire diameter (FIG. 6). If the earth can pass through the supporting structure 2, which is easily possible through the mesh of the same when using a structural steel grating, there is an uninterrupted, serpentine course of the earth 13, seen in plan view (FIG. 6), which improves the sound insulation behavior.
  • the spreading pieces 22 ensure that the two side walls 20 of each tire sector 9 are kept at a distance from one another, so that the earth 13 can completely fill the cavities of the tire beads when filling. In addition, the pressure exerted by the higher layers of the tire sectors 9 is thereby discharged downward, without the earth 13 being squeezed out of the tire sectors 9.
  • a single support structure can also occur, which, for. B. can be formed by a steel mesh which has at its lower edge two horizontal legs 4 pointing in different directions. The only one of these legs can be bent horizontally from the vertical leg 3, the other horizontal leg 4 is welded to the vertical leg 3 at the attachment point.
  • a mesh 23 or a net can be fastened at their apex, on which plants growing through the openings 14 can climb along the greenery 12. This prevents these plants from swinging freely.
  • One of such greening sales Formed structure can be used in a particularly advantageous manner as a median of traffic routes, but also as a parcel limit, and wherever a value is placed on a green covering or subdivision of an area.
  • the structure formed by the green tire sectors 9 is used to make a roadway boundary 24 shock and noise absorbing and to make it optically more pleasing due to the greening.
  • the roadway boundary 24 has a base body formed by a reinforced concrete component 25, which consists of a base part 26 and a web 27 projecting upwards from it in the middle.
  • the base part 26 has bevels 28 on its two side surfaces and is used in a known manner to guide a vehicle coming off the roadway 29 back onto the roadway.
  • the lane boundary 24 can be arranged in the middle between two lanes, e.g. B. in the manner of a median strip of a highway, and for this purpose be formed symmetrically to a vertical plane.
  • the base part 26 forms, with a flat cover surface 30 lying on both sides of the web 27, a support for the tire sectors 9, which are arranged in horizontal layers one above the other and are fastened to the web 27 by means of the fastening means 10. Since considerable stress due to colliding vehicles must be expected, the tire sectors are each attached to the web 27 with the cut surfaces, with the aid of a suitable supporting structure 2, for example in the manner of the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the tire sectors 9 can completely cover the web 27, so that a beautiful appearance is achieved, in the case of use on a central lane strip, an improved glare protection, in particular if the greenery 12 grows above the upper edge of the uppermost tire sectors 9 (FIG. 8).
  • the irrigation of the soil 13 located in the cavities of the tire sectors 9 can be achieved either through the perforated pipes 19 in the manner already described or by the water outlet openings of the drip lines 18 being connected to transverse channels 31 or transverse grooves in the web 4, which lead the water from the water outlet openings of the drip lines 18 to the earth 13.
  • FIG. 10 to 12 show the use of the structure formed from the tire sectors 9 as a greening support for a guide rail 32 which is usually arranged along the longitudinal direction of a roadway and is anchored in the floor 5 by means of uprights 33 (FIG. 12).
  • the exemplary embodiment shown is the median strip of a motorway, two guide rails 32 running parallel to one another (FIGS. 11, 12).
  • the space between the floor 5 and the lower edge 34 of the two guide rails is filled by interrelated tire sectors 9 which are produced in the manner described and which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, are arranged in two rows which are parallel to one another and in a plurality of layers lying one above the other and in this position by one the supporting structure 2, which is placed on the floor 5 and fastened thereon, on which the tire sectors 9 are held by the fastening means 10.
  • the tire sectors 9 are arranged in three layers between the lower edge 34 of the guide rail 32 and the floor 5 (FIG. 2), whereas the fourth layer - counted from the floor 5 - of the tire sectors 9 is approximately at the height of the guide rail 32, behind it, lies and the top (fifth) layer lies above the guide rail 32.
  • the circumference of the visible side of all tire sectors 9 recedes behind the profile of the guide rail 32 facing the road.
  • the arrangement can be such (as indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 11 below) that some or all of the tire sectors 9, viewed in plan view, protrude beyond the profile of the guide rail towards the roadway.
  • the individual tire sector layers can also be arranged in a graduated manner with respect to the tread facing the road.
  • the tire sectors 9 are connected in pairs by the inconsistent cuts, the pairs being connected to one another by additional brackets 35. Additional connections of the packages formed by the tire sectors 9 or the supporting frames 2 carrying them are provided to the floor 5, e.g. B. in the form of anchor bolts 36 (Fig. 11) and or or to the guide rail 32, z. B. also in the form of screw connections 37.
  • the structure formed by the tire sectors 9 is used to delimit a floor area, e.g. B. a parking lot used.
  • the used tires 7, which are divided into interconnected tire sectors 9 in the manner described, are fastened to a support frame 2 with the concave sides of the tire openings 8 facing them, which support frame 2 is also stiffened by galvanized steel pipes 38 resting on the ground, with which the lowest position of the tire sectors 9 are connected by means of brackets 39.
  • Additional connecting means 40 e.g. B. brackets, connect the tire sectors 9 of each layer with each other, as well as individual tire sectors 9 of the same layer, provided that they are not connected to one another in the tread area anyway.
  • the tire sectors 9 lying on both sides of the structure are at a predetermined distance from one another, which is filled with soil 13 for the greening 12.
  • Tire sectors 9 can also be provided on the end faces of the boundary, which are manufactured in a manner similar to that used for the side walls of the structure.
  • the supporting structures 2 In order to be able to hold the tire sectors 9 well on the front sides of the structure, the supporting structures 2 also have legs projecting inwards and resting on the floor 5, to which the lowermost layer of the front tire sectors 9 are fastened. In this way, the soil 13 located within the tire sectors 9 of the entire structure is also held well.
  • This soil can be a material that favors the growth of greenery 12, e.g. B. compost, fertilizer, etc. may be added.
  • the greening 12 is shown in Fig.
  • all tire sectors 9 are the same size. This gives the advantage of essentially vertically extending boundary walls of the structure, in particular on the abutting surfaces, on which adjacent sections of the boundary adjoin one another, so that no or almost no gaps remain between the adjacent sections. Any remaining gaps are covered by the greening 12.
  • the arrangement can also be such that the tire sectors 9 of the individual layers or, if appropriate, also within the same layer have different dimensions, as a result of which a predetermined profiling of the structure can be achieved.
  • the individual sections of the structure can only be placed on the ground with the steel pipes 38, since the weight of the individual longitudinal sections of the boundary is generally sufficient, due to the filling of the earth, in order to prevent an unwanted shifting when the forces are not too great.
  • the egg sections of the structure can also be attached to the bottom 5, for. B. by means of the steel tubes 38 attacking bracket or anchor bolts.
  • the L- or T-shaped support structures 2 are then expediently welded to the steel tubes 38.
  • the steel pipes together with the supporting structure facilitate the transport of the structure, if necessary element by element, and support the supporting structure 2 resting on them.
  • a plastic film rests on the horizontal leg of the structural steel grid forming the support frame 2.
  • Preferred areas of application for such boundaries are median strips and side edge boundaries for streets and parking lot boundaries, but such boundaries can advantageously be used wherever a pleasing and robust delimitation of a floor area is desired.

Abstract

A noise-absorbing greenery-carrying structure (12) makes use of worn tires (7), which are divided by cuts extending from the central opening to the tire into tiresectors (9) mutually connecting, the concave sides of which face towards a carrying frame (2), on which the tiresectors (9) are fixed in horizontal layers. The remaining hollow spaces inside the side walls of the tires, but also inside the central openings of the tires are filled with earth (13) suitable for the growth of greenery, which can preferably pass through openings (14) provided in the upper sidewalls of the tires (FIG. 1).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen lärmschluckenden, eine Begrünung tragenden Aufbau, z. B. für längs eine Verkehrsweges verlaufende Wände, Verkleidungen von Wänden, Leitschienen oder anderen Fahrbahnbegrenzungen, Begrenzungen von Bodenflächen od. dgl., unter Verwendung einer Vielzahl von Altreifen, wobei zumindest jene Hohlräume, welche zwischen den beiden Reifenflanken eines Reifens bestehen, ein für den Wuchs der Begrünung geeignetes Material, z. B. Erde, enthalten.The invention relates to a noise-absorbing, a green structure, z. B. for a wall along a traffic route, cladding of walls, guardrails or other road boundaries, boundaries of floor areas or the like., Using a variety of old tires, at least those cavities that exist between the two sides of a tire, one for the Growth of greening suitable material, e.g. B. earth.

Es ist bekannt, entlang von Verkehrswegen oder sonstigen Lärmqqellen lärmschluckende Wände unter Verwendung von Beton, Stahl, Holz, Kunststoff usw. zu errichten, die zum Teil wohl die schalltechnischen Erfordernisse erfüllen, jedoch zumeist einen hohen Aufwand bedingen und darüber hinaus in ästhetischer und psychologischer Hinsicht nicht befriedigen.It is known to build noise-absorbing walls along traffic routes or other sources of noise using concrete, steel, wood, plastic, etc., some of which may meet the acoustic requirements, but usually involve a great deal of effort and, moreover, in aesthetic and psychological terms not satisfy.

Es sind auch lärmschluckende Bauten unter Verwendung von Altreifen bekannt, was den Vorteil eines sinnvollen Verwendungszweckes für die Altreifen bringt. So ist es z. B. bekannt, die beiden Böschungsflanken eines Erdwalles mit gegeneinander versetzten Schichten ganzer Altreifen zu verkleiden und darüber eine Bepflanzung anzuordnen. Auch diese Lösung hat den Nachteil eines hohen Arbeitsaufwandes und verhältnismäßig langer Errichtungszeit, was gerade bei stark befahrenen Straßenstücken infolge der notwendigen Umleitungen bzw. Sperrungen der Straßen unerwünscht ist. Darüber hinaus erfordern derartige schalldämmende Erdwälle eine verhältnismäßig große Grundfläche, die nicht überall zur Verfügung steht.Noise-absorbing structures using waste tires are also known, which has the advantage of a useful use for the waste tires. So it is z. B. known to clad the two sides of an embankment with offset layers of entire old tires and to arrange a planting. This solution also has the disadvantage of a high workload and a relatively long construction time, which is undesirable, particularly in the case of heavily trafficked sections of road, due to the necessary diversions or road closures. In addition, such sound-absorbing earth walls require a relatively large footprint that is not available everywhere.

Zur Bildung eines Behältnisses für die Aufnahme von Erdreich ist es auch bekannt (DE-A 2 552 320), von Altautoreifen die beiden Seitenwände abzutrennen und die verbleibenden Laufstreifen umzuwenden, so daß die ursprüngliche Innenseite zur Außenseite wird. Der hiefür erforderliche Aufwand ist beträchtlich und es besteht die Gefahr, daß die in das Behältnis eingesetzten Pflanzen ersticken.To form a container for holding soil, it is also known (DE-A 2 552 320) to separate the two side walls from old car tires and to turn the remaining treads over so that the original inside becomes the outside. The effort required for this is considerable and there is a risk that the plants used in the container suffocate.

Aus der GB-A 1 368 772 ist es bekannt, entlang der Fahrbahn einen Verbau aus Altreifen zu errichten, wobei entweder ganze Reifen schichtweise gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet werden oder aus den Reifen die Laufschichten abgeschnitten, auseinandergezogen und in Form von Streifen an Stehern befestigt werden. Auch der hiefür erforderliche Aufwand ist beträchtlich und bei der zweitgenannten Variante ist eine Bepflanzung praktisch unmöglich.From GB-A 1 368 772 it is known to erect a sheeting made of old tires along the roadway, either whole tires being staggered in layers or the treads cut off from the tires, pulled apart and fastened to uprights in the form of strips. The effort required for this is also considerable and planting is practically impossible in the second variant mentioned.

Die Erfindung setzt sich zur Aufgabe, diese Nachteile zu vermeiden und einen lärmschluckenden, begrünten Aufbau der eingangs beschriebenen Art bei Beibehaltung des Vorteiles einer sinnvollen Verwendung von Altreifen so zu verbessern, daß er nur wenig Platz und darüber hinaus einen geringeren Aufwand an material und Arbeitszeit zur Errichtung benötigt und vielseitig in Bezug auf die gewünschte Höhe und den gewünschten Verlauf ist und einen günstigen optischen Eindruck aufweist. Weiters ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, die Erde für Begrünungspflanzen sicher zu halten und gegen Salzeinfluß, Wind, Regen und Schnee zu schützen. Bei solchen Aufbauten, bei denen mit dem Anprall von Fahrzeugen gerechnet werden muß, soll eine gute Dämpfung dieses Anpralles gegeben sein. Weiters ist angestrebt, den Erhaltungsaufwand gering zu halten und den Aufbau gegebenenfalls leicht wieder demontieren zu können. Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß die Altreifen durch von der mittigen Reifenöffnung ausgehende Schnitte in untereinander zusammenhängende Reifensektoren unterteilt sind, deren konkave Seiten einem Traggerüst zugewendet sind, an dem die Reifensektoren befestigt sind, wobei jeweils ein Reifen durch einen Schnitt ganz durchtrennt wird und zumindest ein weiterer Schnitt zwischen den zusammenhängenden Reifensektoren entlang der Reifenflanken in Richtung zur Laufschicht des Reifens verläuft. Ein solcher Aufbau ist infolge der von den Reifensektoren gebildeten unebenen Oberfläche stark schallabsorbierend und wahrt den Vorteil eines sinnvollen Verwendungszwecks für die Altreifen, aus denen die Reifensektoren problemlos herstellbar sind, zumal im allgemeinen nur wenige Schnitte, häufig nur zwei Schnitte, erforderlich sind, um die Reifensektoren herzustellen. Von diesen Schnitten geht nur einer völlig durch, die anderen Schnitte durchtrennen den Reifen nur teilweise, so daß die diesem Schnitt benachbarten Reifenteile zumindest in Teilen der Lauffläche des Reifens miteinander verbunden bleiben. Die beschriebene Anordnung der Reifensektoren bringt den Vorteil einer sehr geringen Grundrißfläche des Aufbaues, so daß ein solches Bausystem auch dort angeordnet werden kann, wo nur mehr sehr wenig Platz zur Verfügung steht oder wo ein Teil des vorhandenen Platzes nicht ausnutzbar ist, z. B. zur Freihaltung eines Fluchtweges. Der Aufwand an Arbeitszeit und Baumaterial ist vergleichsweise gering, insbesondere im Vergleich zur eingangs geschilderten bekannten Konstruktion eines verkleideten Erdwalles, da bei der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion die zu bewegende Erdmasse weitaus geringer ist. Die Reifensektoren ermöglichen es, den Aufbau in praktisch jedweder Höhe und in jedwedem Verlauf auszubilden, sodaß eine hohe Anpassungsfähigkeit an die jeweils vorliegenden Gegebenheiten vorhanden ist. Außerdem läßt sich der erfindungsgemäße Aufbau mit wesentlich besserem optischen Eindruck errichten, als dies bei bekannten schalldämmenden Bauwerken möglich ist, zumal die Reifensektoren die von ihnen gehaltene Erde und damit die Wurzeln für die Begrünungspflanzen gut schützen, denn die Reifensektoren bilden gleichsam eine schützende Gummischicht, welche die Erde gegen die von vorbeifahrenden Fahrzeugen aufgeschleuderte Bugwelle, gegen Salzeinfluß, sowie gegen schädliche Wettereinwirkungen, wie z. B. Hagel, Schlagregen, Schnee und Sturm schützt. Dadurch werden die Lebensbedingungen für die Begrünungspflanzen erheblich verbessert, insbesondere wenn für die Begrünung solche Pflanzen Verwendung finden, die gegenüber Abgasen und Salzstreuung verhältnimäßig unempfindlich sind.The invention has for its object to avoid these disadvantages and to improve a noise-absorbing, green structure of the type described above while maintaining the advantage of a sensible use of old tires so that it takes up little space and also requires less material and working time Erection required and versatile in terms of the desired height and the desired course and has a favorable visual impression. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to keep the soil safe for greening plants and to protect it against the influence of salt, wind, rain and snow. In the case of such structures in which the impact of vehicles must be expected, this impact should be well damped. Furthermore, the aim is to keep the maintenance effort low and to be able to easily disassemble the structure if necessary. The invention solves this problem in that the old tires are divided into interrelated tire sectors by cuts starting from the central tire opening, the concave sides of which face a supporting frame to which the tire sectors are fastened, one tire being severed completely by one cut and at least one further cut runs between the connected tire sectors along the tire flanks in the direction of the tread of the tire. Such a structure is highly sound-absorbing due to the uneven surface formed by the tire sectors and preserves the advantage of a useful use for the old tires, from which the tire sectors can be produced without any problems, especially since generally only a few cuts, often only two cuts, are required to achieve the Manufacture tire sectors. Only one of these cuts passes completely, the other cuts only partially cut through the tire, so that the tire parts adjacent to this cut remain connected to one another at least in parts of the tread of the tire. The described arrangement of the tire sectors has the advantage of a very small floor plan area of the structure, so that such a construction system can also be arranged where there is very little space available or where part of the available space cannot be used, e.g. B. to keep an escape route clear. The effort in terms of working time and building material is comparatively low, in particular in comparison to the known construction of a clad earth wall, described in the introduction, since the earth mass to be moved is much less in the construction according to the invention. The tire sectors make it possible to design the structure at practically any height and in any course, so that there is a high degree of adaptability to the prevailing circumstances. In addition, the structure according to the invention can be erected with a much better visual impression than is possible with known sound-absorbing structures, especially since the tire sectors protect the soil they hold and thus the roots for the greening plants, because the tire sectors form a protective rubber layer, as it were, which the earth against those hurled by passing vehicles Bow wave, against salt influence, as well as against harmful weather effects, such as. B. hail, driving rain, snow and storm protects. As a result, the living conditions for the greening plants are significantly improved, especially if those plants are used for the greening that are relatively insensitive to exhaust gases and salt scattering.

Ein weiterer Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Aufbaues liegt darin, daß die bogenförmigen Reifensektoren beim Anprall eines Fahrzeuges eine gute Stoßdämpfung ausüben, sodaß ein Teil der Aufprallenergie des Fahrzeuges durch Umwandlung in Verformungsenergie für die elastischen Reifensektoren umgesetzt wird. Die Schäden an den Fahrzeugen aber auch an den Fahrzeuginsassen und an den bestehenden Bauteilen werden dadurch geringer. Um ein Zusammenpressen der Reifensektoren zu verhindern, ist es zweckmäßig, zwischen den Reifenflanken Spreizstücke anzuordnen.Another advantage of the structure according to the invention is that the arc-shaped tire sectors exert good shock absorption when a vehicle impacts, so that part of the impact energy of the vehicle is converted into deformation energy for the elastic tire sectors. The damage to the vehicles, but also to the vehicle occupants and the existing components, is reduced as a result. In order to prevent the tire sectors from pressing together, it is expedient to arrange spreading pieces between the tire flanks.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung trägt das Traggerüst, welches vorzugsweise über die Länge des Aufbaues unterteilt ist, an seinem Unterrand einen horizontal abstehenden, z. B. abgebogenen oder angeschweißten Schenkel, der eine Auflage für die schichtweise übereinander angeordneten Reifensektoren bildet. Dies ermöglicht es, das Traggerüst zusammen mit den von ihm getragenen Reifensektoren - im allgemeinen ohne die Erdfüllung - in einem Betrieb vorzufertigen und im vorgefertigten Zustand an die Verwendungsstelle zu fahren, wo das Traggerüst nur mehr aufgestellt, bzw. an einem bereits vorhandenen Bauwerk befestigt zu werden braucht. Der horizontal abstehende Schenkel (oder gegebenenfalls zwei nach verschiedenen Richtungen abstehende horizontale Schenkel) trägt während des Transportes die Last der Reifensektoren und bildet zugleich eine provisorische Standfläche und eine gute Angriffsmöglichkeit für Hebezeuge aller Art, z. B. Krane, Stapler usw. Gegebenenfalls beim Transport auftretende geringfügige Beschädigungen des Traggerüstes bleiben praktisch ohne Einfluß, insbesondere dann, wenn das Traggerüst erfindungsgemäß ein Gitter, vorzugsweise ein verzinktes Baustahigitter ist. Die Unterteilung des Traggerüstes über die Länge des Aufbaues erleichtert die erwähnte Vorfertigung und den erwähnten Transport, welche beide nun elementweise erfolgen können. An der Verwendungsstelle braucht dann nur mehr das für den Wuchs der Begrünung verwendete Material in die von den Reifensektoren begrenzten Hohlräume eingebracht und die Begrünungspflanzen eingesetzt zu werden. Diese Arbeiten sind in kurzer Zeit durchführbar, sodaß die Arbeitszeit an der Baustelle und die damit verbundenen Straßensperren, Umleitungen usw. auf ein Minimum beschränkt bleiben.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the supporting structure, which is preferably divided over the length of the structure, carries a horizontally projecting, e.g. B. bent or welded leg, which forms a support for the layers of tires arranged one above the other. This makes it possible to prefabricate the scaffolding together with the tire sectors it supports - generally without the soil filling - in a company and to drive it to the point of use in the prefabricated state where the scaffolding is only erected or attached to an existing structure are needed. The horizontally projecting leg (or possibly two horizontal legs projecting in different directions) carries the load of the tire sectors during transport and at the same time forms a provisional standing area and a good possibility of attack for hoists of all kinds, e.g. B. cranes, stackers, etc. Any minor damage to the scaffolding occurring during transport remain practically without influence, especially if the scaffolding according to the invention is a grid, preferably a galvanized steel grid. The subdivision of the supporting structure over the length of the structure facilitates the prefabrication and transport mentioned, both of which can now be carried out element by element. At the point of use, only the material used for the growth of the greenery then needs to be introduced into the cavities delimited by the tire sectors and the greening plants used. This work can be carried out in a short time, so that the working time at the construction site and the associated roadblocks, diversions etc. are kept to a minimum.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung verlaufen die Schnitte zwischen den zusammenhängenden Reifensektoren entlang der Reifenflanke bis etwa zur Laufschicht des Reifens. Die zumeist stärkere Laufschicht braucht dadurch nicht durchtrennt zu werden und bildet eine dauerhafte, biegsame Verbindung der untereinander zusammenhängenden Reifensektoren, sodaß diese leicht zu einer im wesentlichen geradlinig verlaufenden Reifensektorenkette auseinander gezogen werden können, egal ob die Reifensektorenanzahl dieser Kette sehr gering (zumindest 2) oder sehr groß ist.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cuts run between the connected tire sectors along the side of the tire up to approximately the tread of the tire. The mostly thicker tread does not need to be cut through and forms a permanent, flexible connection between the interconnected tire sectors, so that they can be easily pulled apart to form a substantially straight-line tire sector chain, regardless of whether the number of tire sectors in this chain is very small (at least 2) or is very large.

Es ist bei der Herstellung des Aufbaues zweckmäßig, die von den Reifensektoren begrenzten Abschnitte der mittigen Reifenöffnungen in den übereinanderliegenden Schichten einander überdeckend anzuordnen, vorzugsweise konzentrisch. Dies erleichtert die Befüllung der Hohlräume innerhalb der Reifensektoren von oben her derart, daß nicht jede einzelne Schicht gesondert befüllt werden muß, sondern gegebenenfalls alle Schichten auf einmal vom Oberrand des Aufbaues aus. Außerdem lassen sich dann die von oben nach unten über die Höhe des vom Aufbau gebildeten Bausystems durchgehenden mittigen Reifenöffnungen zur Unterbringung von Installationen jedweder Art verwenden, wobei diese Installationen zumindest im wesentlichen geradlinig, im allgemeinen vertikal verlaufen können. Es wird dann möglich, im Rahmen der Erfindung höher als die oberste Schicht der Reifensektoren eine Versorgungsleitung für Wasser mit daran angeschlossenen Tropfleitungen vorzusehen, deren Wasseraustrittsöffnungen über den mittleren Reifenöffnungen der obersten Reifensektorenschicht liegen. Es kann dann das Wasser, gegebenenfalls mit einem Zusatz an Düngemitteln ungehindert von Schicht zu Schicht durch die mittigen Reifenöffnungen zu allen Erdpartien innerhalb des Aufbaues gelangen, insbesondere wenn gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung zu den Wasseraustrittsöffnungen perforierte Rohre führen, die mit körnigem Material, vorzugsweise Sand, gefüllt und mit einem saugenden Material, vorzugsweise Filz, umwickelt sind, und bis in die unterste Schicht der Reifensektoren reichen. Damit wird eine gleichmäßige Versorgung der für die Begrünung nötigen Erde mit Wasser bei sparsamem Wasserverbrauch sichergestellt.When manufacturing the structure, it is expedient to arrange the sections of the central tire openings delimited by the tire sectors so as to overlap one another in the layers lying one above the other, preferably concentrically. This makes it easier to fill the cavities within the tire sectors from above in such a way that not every single layer has to be filled separately, but rather all layers at once from the top of the structure. In addition, the central tire openings running from top to bottom over the height of the construction system formed by the structure can then be used to accommodate installations of any type, these installations being able to run at least essentially in a straight line, generally vertically. It then becomes possible within the scope of the invention to provide a water supply line with drip lines connected to it higher than the top layer of the tire sectors, the water outlet openings of which lie above the middle tire openings of the top tire sector layer. The water, if appropriate with the addition of fertilizers, can then pass unhindered from layer to layer through the central tire openings to all parts of the earth within the structure, in particular if, according to a development of the invention, perforated pipes lead to the water outlet openings and contain granular material, preferably sand , filled and wrapped with an absorbent material, preferably felt, and extend to the bottom layer of the tire sectors. This ensures an even supply of water to the soil required for greening with economical water consumption.

Die Begrünung wächst gegebenenfalls durch die zwischen den Reifensektoren verbleibende Spalte hindurch, jedenfalls auch von der Oberkante des Aufbaues nach oben und unten und begrünt die Reifensektoren und damit den gesamten Aufbau bzw. das von ihm zu verkleidende Bauwerk in optisch günstiger Weise. Der Wuchs nach oben verbessert den Blendschutz. Um der Begrünung den Austritt aus dem Inneren des Aufbaues auch durch die Reifensektoren hindurch zu ermöglichen, können erfindungsgemäß in den Reifensektoren, insbesondere in der oberen Reifenflanke, durchgehende Öffnungen für den Durchtritt von Begrünungspflanzen vorgesehen sein. Eine Belüftung des Erdreiches innerhalb der Reifensektoren läßt sich durch in den Reifensektoren, insbesonders in deren Profilbereich, vorgesehene durchgehende Belüftungsöffnungen erzielen, die vorzugsweise kleiner sind als die Öffnungen für den Durchtritt der Begrünungspflanzen. Bildet der Aufbau eine Vorsatzschale vor einem bereits bestehenden Bauwerk, z. B. vor einer Wand, so kann zur Vermeidung eines nachteiligten Einflusses der nassen Erde auf dieses Bauwerk zwischen dem Trägergerüst und den Reifensektoren eine feuchtigkeitsdichte Folie, vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff angeordnet sein.The greening may grow through the gaps remaining between the tire sectors, at least also from the top edge of the structure upwards and downwards, and green the tire sectors and thus the entire structure or the structure to be clad by it in an optically favorable manner. The upward growth improves glare protection. In order to allow the greenery to exit from the interior of the structure through the tire sectors, according to the invention, continuous openings for the passage of greenery plants can be provided in the tire sectors, in particular in the upper tire flank. Aeration of the soil within the tire sectors can be achieved by continuous ventilation openings provided in the tire sectors, in particular in their tread area, which are preferably smaller than the openings for the passage of the greening plants. Does the structure form a facing in front of an existing building, e.g. B. in front of a wall, a moisture-tight film, preferably made of plastic, can be arranged to avoid a disadvantageous influence of the wet earth on this structure between the support frame and the tire sectors.

Die Verkleidung bereits bestehender Bauwerke ist aber nicht der einzige Anwendungszweck des erfindungsgemäßen Aufbaues. Vielmehr kann dieser Aufbau auch selbst ein Bauwerk bilden, z. B. eine Fahrbahnbegrenzung, oder er kann zur Verkleidung von Leitschienen dienen, wodurch diese nicht nur optisch verschönt, sondern auch stoßelastischer gemacht werden. Weitere Anwendungsgebiete sind Begrenzungen von Bodenflächen, z. B. von Straßen oder Parkplätzen, und andere Verwendungszwecke.The cladding of already existing structures is not the only application of the structure according to the invention. Rather, this structure can also form a structure itself, for. B. a lane boundary, or it can be used to cover guardrails, making them not only visually embellished, but also made more resilient. Further areas of application are limitations of floor areas, eg. B. of streets or parking lots, and other uses.

In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Fig. 1 zeigt die Anwendung des Aufbaues als Verkleidung einer Wand, wobei einzelne Bauteile der besseren übersichtlichkeit halber abgebrochen dargestellt sind. Fig. 2 ist ein Schnitt nach der Linie 11-11 der Fig. 1. Fig. 3 ist eine Draufsicht zu Fig. 1. Fig. 4 ist eine Ausführungsvariante des Aufbaues, wobei der Aufbau selbst die Wand bildet. Fig. 5 ist ein Schnitt nach der Linie V-V der Fig. 4. Fig. 6 ist eine Draufsicht zu Fig. 4. Fig. 7 zeigt in Seitenansicht die Anwendung der Erfindung bei einer Fahrbahnbegrenzung. Fig. 8 ist ein Schnitt nach der Linie VIII-VIII der Fig. 7. Fig. 9 ist eine Draufsicht zu Fig. 7. Fig. 10 zeigt in Seitenansicht die Anwendung der Erfindung im Zusammenhang mit einer Leitschiene einer Fahrbahn. Fig. 11 ist ein Schnitt nach der Linie XI-XI der Fig. 10. Fig. 12 ist eine Draufsicht zu Fig. 10. Fig. 13 zeigt die Anwedung der Erfindung auf eine Begrenzung einer Bodenfläche. Fig. 14 ist ein Schnitt nach der Linie XIV-XIV der Fig. 13. Fig. 15 ist eine Draufsicht zu Fig. 13.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawing. Fig. 1 shows the application of the structure as a wall cladding, wherein individual components are shown broken off for the sake of clarity. Fig. 2 is a section along the line 11-11 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an embodiment variant of the structure, the structure itself forming the wall. Fig. 5 is a section along the line V-V of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a plan view of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 shows a side view of the application of the invention to a roadway boundary. Fig. 8 is a section along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a plan view of Fig. 7. Fig. 10 shows a side view of the application of the invention in connection with a guide rail of a roadway. Fig. 11 is a section along the line XI-XI of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a plan view of Fig. 10. Fig. 13 shows the application of the invention to a limitation of a floor area. Fig. 14 is a section along the line XIV-XIV of Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a plan view of Fig. 13.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach den Fig. 1 bis 3 ist an einer zu verkleidenden Wand 1 ein Traggerüst 2 in Form eines Baustahlgitters befestigt, z. B. mittels in die Wand 1 versenkten Dübeln, an denen das Traggerüst 2 angeschraubt ist. Das Traggerüst 2 hat L-förmige Gestalt mit einem vertikalen Schenkel 3 und einem horizontalen Schenkel 4, wobei letzterer auf dem tragfähigen Boden 5 (Fig. 2) aufruht, der z. B. als Fundament ausgebildet ist, in welchem die Wand 1 verankert ist. Der vertikale Schenkel 3 ist durch eine feuchtigkeitsdichte Folie 6, insbesondere eine Kunststoffolie, abgedeckt. Am vertikalen Schenkel 3 des Traggerüstes 2 sind eine Vielzahl von Altreifen 7 befestigt. Jeder dieser Altreifen 7 hat zwei von der mittigen Reifenöffnung 8 (Fig. 3) ausgehende Schnitte, von denen einer den Reifen völlig durchtrennt, wogegen der andere Schnitt von der Reifenöffnung 8 durch die Reifenflanken 20 bis zur Laufschicht des Altreifen 7 verlaüft. Auf diese Weise wird jeder Altreifen 7 in zwei untereinander zusammenhängende Reifensektoren 9 unterteilt, die mit ihren konkaven Seiten dem Traggerüst 2 zugewendet, an diesem befestigt sind. Diese Befestigung kann mittels beliebiger Befestigungsmittel 10, z. B. Drachtschlaufen, Schraubverbindungen usw. erfolgen. Diese Befestigung wird dadurch erleichtert, daß je zwei benachbarte Reifensektoren 9 an der Stelle 11 (fig. 3) noch im Bereich der Laufschicht zusammenhängen, wo die Befestigungsmittel 10 besonders günstig und einfach montiert werden können. Die einzelnen Altreifen 7 bzw. die Reifensektoren 9 sind in mehreren horizontalen Schichten so angeordnet, daß sich die mittigen Reifenöffnungen 8 in den übereinanderliegenden Schichten, in vertikaler Richtung gesehen, überdecken. Bevorzugt ist eine konzentrische Anordnung dieser Reifenöffnungen 8. Dadurch läßt sich ein für den Wuchs einer Begrünung 12 geeignetes Material, z. B. Erde 13, leicht von oben in die verbleibenden Hohlräume einfüllen, das sind die im Bereich der Reifenöffnungen 8 liegenden Hohlräume sowie die von den Reifenwülsten begrenzten Hohlräume. Diese Einfüllung kann nach Vollendung des von den Altreifen 7 gebildeten Aufbaues von der obersten Schicht der Altreifen 7 aus erfolgen, wobei die Erde 13 bis in die unterste Altreifenschicht durchfällt und diese ausfüllt. Um den Wuchs der Begrünung 12 zu begünstigen, sind in den Reifensektoren 9, insbesondere in deren oberen Reifenflanken 20, durchgehende Öffnungen 14 vorgesehen, durch welche die Pflanzen der Begrünung 12 hindurchtreten können. Ferner sind im Profilbereich der Reifensektoren 9 zusätzliche Belüftungsöffnungen 15 (Fig. 1) für die innerhalb der Reifenwülste befindliche Erde 13 vorgesehen. Um zu vermeiden, daß diese Erde 13 durch die Belüftungsöffnungen 15 herausfällt, sind diese Öffnungen kleiner als die Öffnungen 14 für den Durchtritt der Begrünung 12. Zur Bewässerung der begrünung 12 ist auf der Oberkante 16 der Wand 1 eine Versorgungsleitung 17 für Wasser höher als die obersten Altreifen 7 angeordnet. An diese Versorgungsleitung 17 sind in vorbestimmten Abständen Tropfleitungen 18 angeschlossen, die gleichfalls oberhalb der obersten Altreifenschicht parallel zur Versorgungsleitung 17 verlaufen und jeweils oberhalb der mittigen Reifenöffnungen 8 der Reifensektoren 9 mit Wasseraustrittsöffnungen versehen sind. Unter diesen Wasseraustrittsöffnungen sind perforierte, vertikal verlaufende Rohre 19 angeordnet, die mit körnigem Material, insbesondere Sand, gefüllt und mit einem saugenden Material, insbesondere Filz, umwickelt sind und bis in die unterste Schicht der Reifensektoren 9 reichen. Dadurch wird eine gleichmäßige Bewässerung der Erde 13 in allen Schichten der Reifensektoren 9 sichergestellt. Die Folie 6 verhindert, daß diese Feuchtigkeit zum Traggerüst 2 bzw. zur Wand 1 gelangen kann.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, a supporting frame 2 in the form of a structural steel grid is fastened to a wall 1 to be clad, for. B. in the wall 1 sunk dowels to which the support structure 2 is screwed. The support structure 2 has an L-shaped shape with a vertical leg 3 and a horizontal leg 4, the latter resting on the load-bearing floor 5 (FIG. 2), which, for. B. is formed as a foundation in which the wall 1 is anchored. The vertical leg 3 is covered by a moisture-proof film 6, in particular a plastic film. A large number of old tires 7 are fastened to the vertical leg 3 of the supporting frame 2. Each of these old tires 7 has two cuts starting from the central tire opening 8 (FIG. 3), one of which cuts the tire completely, whereas the other cut runs from the tire opening 8 through the tire flanks 20 to the tread of the old tire 7. In this way, each used tire 7 is divided into two interconnected tire sectors 9, which are turned to the supporting structure 2 with their concave sides and fastened thereon. This attachment can by means of any fasteners 10, z. B. dragon loops, screw connections, etc. take place. This attachment is facilitated by the fact that two adjacent tire sectors 9 are still connected at point 11 (FIG. 3) in the area of the tread where the attachment means 10 can be mounted particularly cheaply and easily. The individual old tires 7 or the tire sectors 9 are arranged in several horizontal layers in such a way that the central tire openings 8 overlap in the layers lying one above the other, as seen in the vertical direction. A concentric arrangement of these tire openings 8 is preferred. This allows a material suitable for the growth of greenery 12, for. B. earth 13, fill easily from above into the remaining cavities, these are the cavities in the area of the tire openings 8 and the cavities delimited by the tire beads. This filling can take place after the structure formed by the old tires 7 has been completed from the uppermost layer of the old tires 7, the soil 13 falling through to the lowest old tire layer and filling it. In order to promote the growth of the greenery 12, through openings 14 are provided in the tire sectors 9, in particular in their upper tire flanks 20, through which the plants of the greenery 12 can pass. In addition, in the tread area of the tire sectors 9, additional ventilation openings 15 (FIG. 1) are provided for the earth 13 located inside the tire beads. In order to prevent this soil 13 from falling out through the ventilation openings 15, these openings are smaller than the openings 14 for the passage of the greenery 12. For watering the greenery 12, a supply line 17 for water is higher than that on the upper edge 16 of the wall 1 top tires 7 arranged. Drip lines 18 are connected to this supply line 17 at predetermined intervals, which also run parallel to the supply line 17 above the uppermost tire tire layer and are each provided with water outlet openings above the central tire openings 8 of the tire sectors 9. Perforated, vertically extending pipes 19 are arranged under these water outlet openings, which are filled with granular material, in particular sand, and are wrapped with an absorbent material, in particular felt, and extend into the bottom layer of the tire sectors 9. This ensures uniform irrigation of the soil 13 in all layers of the tire sectors 9. The film 6 prevents this moisture from reaching the supporting structure 2 or the wall 1.

Das Traggerüst 2 ist über die Länge der Wand 1 in vorbestimmten Abständen unterteilt, wobei diese Abstände zweckmäßig auf die Lage der durchgehenden Schnitte in den Altreifen 7 abgestimmt sind. Dies ergibt die Möglichkeit, das Traggerüst 2 samt den an ihm befestigten Reifensektoren 9 in einem Werk vorzufertigen und im vorgefertigten Zustand elementweise an die Verwendungsstelle zu führen, wo nur mehr die Erde 13 eingefüllt und die Begrünungspflanzen eingesetzt zu werden brauchen. Während dieses Transportes bildet der horizontale Schenkel 4 des Traggerüstes 2 eine Auflage für die Altreifen 7. Im montierten Zustand liegt dieser Schenkel 4 - ebenen und tragfähigen Boden 5 vorausgesetzt - auf dem Boden 5 auf, sodaß das Gewicht der Altreifen 7, der von ihnen gehaltenen Erde 13 und der Begrünung 12 in den Boden 5 abgeleitet und die Wand 1 dadurch nicht belastet wird. Ist aber vor der Wand 1 kein tragfähiger Boden 5 vorhanden bzw. kann dort eine tragfähige Aufschüttung nicht hergestellt werden oder soll diese eingespart werden, so kann, wenn die statische Tragfähigkeit de Wand 1 ausreicht, das Traggerüst 2 mit dem von ihm getragenen Altreifen 7 und der Erde 13 samt Begrünung 12 auch an der Wand 1 aufgehängt werden. Für diesen Fall müssen lediglich die Befestigungsmittel 10 entsprechend bemessen werden.The supporting structure 2 is divided over the length of the wall 1 at predetermined intervals, these intervals being expediently coordinated with the position of the continuous cuts in the old tires 7. This results in the possibility of prefabricating the support structure 2 together with the tire sectors 9 attached to it in one plant and in to lead the prefabricated state element by element to the point of use, where only the soil 13 needs to be filled in and the greening plants need to be used. During this transport, the horizontal leg 4 of the support frame 2 forms a support for the old tires 7. In the assembled state, this leg 4 lies on the floor 5, provided that the floor 5 is level and load-bearing, so that the weight of the old tires 7 is held by them Earth 13 and the greenery 12 derived in the soil 5 and the wall 1 is not burdened by it. However, if there is no load-bearing floor 5 in front of the wall 1, or if there is no viable fill there, or if this is to be saved, then if the static load-bearing capacity of the wall 1 is sufficient, the support structure 2 with the used tires 7 and the earth 13 including greenery 12 can also be hung on the wall 1. In this case, only the fastening means 10 must be dimensioned accordingly.

Im allgemeinen wird der eine begrünende Verkleidung bildende Aufbau aus den Altreifen 7 nur an einer Seite der Wand 1 angeordnet werden. Es kann jedoch, wie die Zeichnung zeigt, diese Verkleidung auch auf beiden Seiten der Wand 1 vorgesehen sein, wenn dies gewünscht ist.In general, the structure forming a green covering from the old tires 7 will only be arranged on one side of the wall 1. However, as the drawing shows, this cladding can also be provided on both sides of the wall 1, if this is desired.

Beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist jeder Altreifen 7 lediglich durch zwei Schnitte, von denen nur einer durchgeht, in zwei miteinander zusammenhängende Reifensektoren 9 unterteilt, deren jeder über 180 Grad verläuft. Selbstverständlich kann die Unterteilung des Altreifens 7 in Reifensektoren 9 jedoch auch durch mehr als einen nicht durchgehenden Schnitt erfolgen, sodaß sich also aus einem einzigen Altreifen 7 mehr als zwei Reifensektoren 9 bilden lassen, die in Sonderfällen auch untereinander unterschiedliche Länge - gemessen in Umfangsrichtung des Altreifens 7 - haben können. Dadurch läßt sich der Abstand zwischen der Frontfläche der Reifensektoren 9 und der Wand 1 nach Wunsch einstellen, wobei dieser Abstand umso geringer wird, je mehr Reifensektoren 9 aus einem einzigen Altreifen 7 gebildet werden. Um das Volumen der von den Reifensektoren 9 abgedeckten Erde 13 zu vergrößern, können die Reifensektoren ganz oder teilweise vom Traggerüst 2 im Abstand angeordnet sein, wobei dann die Befestigungsmittel 10 z. B. von Drachtschlaufen gebildet sind.In the illustrated embodiment, each used tire 7 is divided into two interconnected tire sectors 9, each of which extends over 180 degrees, by only two cuts, only one of which passes through. Of course, the old tire 7 can also be divided into tire sectors 9 by more than one inconsistent cut, so that more than two tire sectors 9 can be formed from a single old tire 7, which in special cases also have different lengths - measured in the circumferential direction of the old tire 7 - can have. As a result, the distance between the front surface of the tire sectors 9 and the wall 1 can be set as desired, this distance becoming smaller the more tire sectors 9 are formed from a single old tire 7. In order to increase the volume of the earth 13 covered by the tire sectors 9, the tire sectors can be arranged in whole or in part at a distance from the supporting structure 2, with the fastening means 10 then, for. B. are formed by dragon loops.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach den Fig. 4 bis 6 ist keine mittige Wand vorgesehen, sondern es sind im ebenen Boden 5 vertikale Steher 21 in Abständen voneinander verankert, an denen zwei Traggerüste 2, jeweils eines an jeder Seite der Steher 21, befestigt sind. Jedes Traggerüst 2 besteht aus einem Baustahlgitter in L-Form, wobei die beiden vertikalen Schenkel 3 der Traggerüste einander benachbart Rücken an Rücken angeordnet und untereinander und mit den Stehern 21 festverbunden sind, sodaß eine stabile Tragkonstruktion entsteht. Die beiden horizontalen Schenkel 4 der beiden Traggerüste 2 weisen voneinander weg und ruhen auf dem Boden 5 auf und tragen jeweils eine Vielzahl von Altreifen 7, die in der beschriebenen Weise in untereinander zusammenhängende Reifensektoren 9 unterteilt sind. Die beiden Reifenflanken 20 (Fig. 5) jedes Reifensektors 9 sind durch zwischen diesen Reifenflanken liegende Spreizstücke 22, z. B. Holzblöcke, ausgesteift. Die Reifensektoren 9 sind wieder mittels Befestigungsmitteln 10 an den Traggerüsten 2 befestigt, jedoch derart, daß nur die freien Enden der untereinander zusammenhängenden Reifensektoren 9 am Traggerüst 2 anliegen, wogegen die dazwischenliegenden Teile der Reifensektoren, insbesondere die Stellen 11, an denen jeweils zwei Reifensektoren 9 untereinander zusammenhängen, vom Traggerüst 2 im Abstand a (Fig. 6) liegen. Gegebenenfalls an diesen Stellen 11 vorhandene Befestigungsmittel, z. B. Drahtschlaufen, können diesen Abstand sichern. Dadurch läßt sich die in den Reifenöffnungen 8 liegende Erde 13 mehr zusammenhängend anordnen, was für den Wuchs der Begrünung 12 förderlich ist. Wie bereits erwähnt, können auch die freien Enden der Reifensektoren 9 vom Traggerüst 2 in Abstand liegen, um noch mehr Platz für Erde zu schaffen. Dem gleichen Zweck dient es, wenn die Reifensektoren 9 der einen Seite des von ihnen gebildeten Aufbaues relativ zu den auf der anderen Seite desselben liegenden Reifensektoren 9 versetzt angeordnet sind, vorzugsweise um den halben Reifendurchmesser (Fig. 6). Wenn die Erde durch das Traggerüst 2 hindurchtreten kann, was bei Verwendung eines Baustahlgitters durch die Maschen desselben problemlos möglich ist, so ergibt sich ein ununterbrochener, schlangenlinienförmiger Verlauf der Erde 13, in der Draufsicht gesehen (Fig. 6), was das Schalldämmungsverhalten verbessert. Die Spreizstücke 22 sichern hiebei, daß die beiden Reinfenflanken 20 jedes Reifensektors 9 voneinander in Abstand gehalten werden, sodaß die Erde 13 bei der Einfüllung die Hohlräume der Reifenwülste vollständig ausfüllen kann. Außerdem wird dadurch der von den höher gelegenen Schichten der Reifensektoren 9 ausgeübte Druck nach unten abgeleitet, ohne daß es zu einer Ausquetschung der Erde 13 aus den Reifensektoren 9 kommen kann.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 6, no central wall is provided, but there are vertical uprights 21 anchored in the flat bottom 5 at intervals from one another, to which two supporting structures 2, one on each side of the uprights 21, are fastened. Each support structure 2 consists of an L-shaped structural steel grid, the two vertical legs 3 of the support structures being arranged adjacent to one another back to back and being firmly connected to one another and to the uprights 21, so that a stable support structure is created. The two horizontal legs 4 of the two support frames 2 face away from one another and rest on the floor 5 and each carry a multiplicity of old tires 7, which are divided into interconnected tire sectors 9 in the manner described. The two tire flanks 20 (FIG. 5) of each tire sector 9 are separated by spreading pieces 22 lying between these tire flanks, e.g. B. wooden blocks, stiffened. The tire sectors 9 are again fastened to the support structures 2 by means of fastening means 10, but in such a way that only the free ends of the interconnected tire sectors 9 rest on the support structure 2, whereas the parts of the tire sectors in between, in particular the locations 11, at which two tire sectors 9 each interrelated, from the support structure 2 at a distance (Fig. 6). Optionally at these points 11 existing fasteners, for. B. wire loops can secure this distance. As a result, the soil 13 lying in the tire openings 8 can be arranged more coherently, which is conducive to the growth of the greenery 12. As already mentioned, the free ends of the tire sectors 9 can also be spaced apart from the supporting structure 2 in order to create even more space for earth. It serves the same purpose if the tire sectors 9 of one side of the structure they form are offset relative to the tire sectors 9 lying on the other side thereof, preferably by half the tire diameter (FIG. 6). If the earth can pass through the supporting structure 2, which is easily possible through the mesh of the same when using a structural steel grating, there is an uninterrupted, serpentine course of the earth 13, seen in plan view (FIG. 6), which improves the sound insulation behavior. The spreading pieces 22 ensure that the two side walls 20 of each tire sector 9 are kept at a distance from one another, so that the earth 13 can completely fill the cavities of the tire beads when filling. In addition, the pressure exerted by the higher layers of the tire sectors 9 is thereby discharged downward, without the earth 13 being squeezed out of the tire sectors 9.

Statt zweier Rücken an Rücken angeordneter L-förmiger Traggerüste 2 kann auch ein einziges Traggerüst treten, welches z. B. von einem Baustahlgitter gebildet sein kann, das an seinem unteren Rand zwei nach verschiedenen Richtungen weisende horizontale Schenkel 4 hat. Der einzige dieser Schenkel kann vom vertikalen Schenkel 3 horizontal abgebogen sein, der andere horizontale Schenkel 4 wird an der Ansatzstelle an den vertikalen Schenkel 3 angeschweißt.Instead of two back-to-back arranged L-shaped support structures 2, a single support structure can also occur, which, for. B. can be formed by a steel mesh which has at its lower edge two horizontal legs 4 pointing in different directions. The only one of these legs can be bent horizontally from the vertical leg 3, the other horizontal leg 4 is welded to the vertical leg 3 at the attachment point.

An der Sichtseite der Reifensektoren 9 kann an deren Scheitelpunkten ein Maschengitter 23 oder ein Netz befestigt sein, an welchem durch die Öffnungen 14 durchwachsende Pflanzen der Begrünung 12 entlang klettern können. Dadurch wird verhindert, daß diese Pflanzen frei pendeln können.On the visible side of the tire sectors 9, a mesh 23 or a net can be fastened at their apex, on which plants growing through the openings 14 can climb along the greenery 12. This prevents these plants from swinging freely.

Ein von einer solchen begrünenden Verkleidung gebildete Aufbau läßt sich in besonders vorteilhafter Weise als Mittelstreifen von Verkehrswegen verwenden, jedoch auch als Pakplatzbegrenzung, und überall dort, wo auf eine beidseitig begrünte Verkleidung oder Unterteilung einer Fläche Wert gelegt wird.One of such greening sales Formed structure can be used in a particularly advantageous manner as a median of traffic routes, but also as a parcel limit, and wherever a value is placed on a green covering or subdivision of an area.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach den Fig. 7 bis 9 ist der von den begrünten Reifensektoren 9 gebildete Aufbau dazu verwendet, eine Fahrbahnbegrenzung 24 stoß- und lärmabsorbierend auszubilden und durch die Begrünung optisch gefälliger zu gestalten. Die Fahrbahnbegrenzung 24 hat einen von einem Stahlbetonbauteil 25 gebildeten Grundkörper, der aus einem Sockelteil 26 und einem mittig von diesem nach oben abstehenden Steg 27 besteht. Der Sockelteil 26 hat an seinen beiden Seitenflächen Abschrägungen 28 und dient in bekannter Weise dazu, ein von der Fahrbahn 29 abkommendes Fahrzeug wieder auf die Fahrbahn zurückzuleiten. Die Fahrbahnbegrenzung 24 kann hiebei mittig zwischen zwei Fahrbahnen angeordnet sein, z. B. in der Art eines Mittelstreifens einer Autobahn, und hiezu symmetrisch zu einer Vertikalebene ausgebildet sein. Der Sockelteil 26 bildet mit einer ebenen, zu beiden Seiten des Steges 27 liegenden Deckfläche 30 eine Auflage für die Reifensektoren 9, die in horizontalen, übereinander liegenden Schichten angeordnet und mittels der Befestigungsmittel 10 am Steg 27 befestigt sind. Da mit erheblichen Beanspruchungen durch kollidierende Fahrzeuge gerechnet werden muß, sind die Reifensektoren mit den Schnittflächen jeweils anliegend am Steg 27 befestigt, und zwar unter Vermittlung eines geeigneten Traggerüstes 2, etwa in der Art des Ausführungsbeispieles nach den Fig. 1 bis 3. Die Reifensektoren 9 können den Steg 27 zur Gänze abdecken, sodaß ein schönes Aussehen erzielt wird, im Falle der Anwendung auf einen Fahrbahnmittelstreifen auch ein verbesserter Blendschutz, insbesondere wenn die Begrünung 12 über die Oberkante der obersten Reifensektoren 9 hochwächst (Fig. 8). Die Bewässerung der in den Hohlräumen der Reifensektoren 9 befindlichen Erde 13 läßt sich entweder durch die perforierten Rohre 19 in der bereits beschriebenen Weise erzielen, oder dadurch, daß die Wasseraustritts-öffnungen der Tropfleitungen 18 mit Querkanälen 31 oder Quernuten im Steg 4 in Verbindung sind, welche das Wasser von den Wasseraustrittsöffnungen der Tropfleitungen 18 zur Erde 13 führen.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 to 9, the structure formed by the green tire sectors 9 is used to make a roadway boundary 24 shock and noise absorbing and to make it optically more pleasing due to the greening. The roadway boundary 24 has a base body formed by a reinforced concrete component 25, which consists of a base part 26 and a web 27 projecting upwards from it in the middle. The base part 26 has bevels 28 on its two side surfaces and is used in a known manner to guide a vehicle coming off the roadway 29 back onto the roadway. The lane boundary 24 can be arranged in the middle between two lanes, e.g. B. in the manner of a median strip of a highway, and for this purpose be formed symmetrically to a vertical plane. The base part 26 forms, with a flat cover surface 30 lying on both sides of the web 27, a support for the tire sectors 9, which are arranged in horizontal layers one above the other and are fastened to the web 27 by means of the fastening means 10. Since considerable stress due to colliding vehicles must be expected, the tire sectors are each attached to the web 27 with the cut surfaces, with the aid of a suitable supporting structure 2, for example in the manner of the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3. The tire sectors 9 can completely cover the web 27, so that a beautiful appearance is achieved, in the case of use on a central lane strip, an improved glare protection, in particular if the greenery 12 grows above the upper edge of the uppermost tire sectors 9 (FIG. 8). The irrigation of the soil 13 located in the cavities of the tire sectors 9 can be achieved either through the perforated pipes 19 in the manner already described or by the water outlet openings of the drip lines 18 being connected to transverse channels 31 or transverse grooves in the web 4, which lead the water from the water outlet openings of the drip lines 18 to the earth 13.

Eine solche Fahrbahnbegrenzung 24, welche in Längsrichtung der Straße anzuordnen ist, wird im Boden 5 bzw. in der Fahrbahn 29 mittels nicht dargestellter Verankerungen, z. B. Bodenankern, befestigt. Da die Reifensektoren 9 und die von ihnen gehaltene Erde 13 im Vergleich zum Stahlbetonbauteil 25 geringes Gewicht haben, kann die Fahrbahnbegrenzung nach Lösung ihrer Verankerung entlang des Bodens 5 bzw. der Fahrbahn 29 verlagert werden, wenn ihr Gewicht dies zuläßt, was durch Unterteilung in Längsrichtung sichergestellt werden kann, Gegebenenfalls kann der Steg 27 entfallen, wenn die Reifensektoren 9 mittels ihres Traggerüsts 2 oben am Sockelteil 26 derart gehalten sind, daß ihre konkaven Seiten einander bzw. der vertikalen Mittelebene des Stahlbetonbauteiles 25 zugewendet sind.Such a lane boundary 24, which is to be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the road, is in the floor 5 or in the lane 29 by means of anchors, not shown, for. B. ground anchors attached. Since the tire sectors 9 and the soil 13 held by them have a low weight in comparison to the reinforced concrete component 25, the roadway boundary can be moved after loosening its anchoring along the floor 5 or the roadway 29 if its weight allows this, which is done by subdivision in the longitudinal direction If necessary, the web 27 can be omitted if the tire sectors 9 are held at the top of the base part 26 by means of their supporting structure 2 in such a way that their concave sides face one another or the vertical central plane of the reinforced concrete component 25.

Die Fig. 10 bis 12 zeigen die Anwendung des aus den Reifensektoren 9 gebildeten Aufbaues als Begrünungsträger für eine entlang der Längsrichtung einer Fahrbahn in üblicherweise angeordnete Leitschiene 32, die im Boden 5 mittels Stehern 33 (Fig. 12) verankert ist. Beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um den Mittelstreifen einer Autobahn, wobei zwei Leitschienen 32 zueinander parallel verlaufen (Fig. 11, 12). Der Raum zwischen dem Boden 5 und der Unterkante 34 der beiden Leitschienen ist durch in der beschriebenen Weise hergestellte, untereinander zusammenhängende Reifensektoren 9 ausgefüllt, die beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel in zwei zueinander parallelen Reihen und in mehreren übereinander liegenden Schichten angeordnet und in dieser Lage durch ein auf dem Boden 5 aufgelegtes und daran befestigtes Traggerüst 2 gehalten sind, an welchem die Reifensektoren 9 durch die Befestigungsmittel 10 gehalten sind. Die Reifensektoren 9 sind in drei Schichten zwischen der Unterkante 34 der Leitschiene 32 und dem Boden 5 (Fig. 2) angeordnet, wogegen die - vom Boden 5 aus gezählt - vierte Schicht der Reifensektoren 9 etwa auf der Höhe der Leitschiene 32, hinter dieser, liegt und die oberste (fünfte) Schicht über der Leitschiene 32 liegt. Bei niedriger angeordneten Leitschienen 32 bzw. bei sehr dicken Reifensektoren 9 können zwischen dem Boden 5 und der Leitschiene 32 auch nur eine oder zwei Reifenschichten liegen. Der zwischen den vertikalen Schenkeln 3 der beiden Traggerüste 2 verbleibende Zwischenraum ist durch Erde 13 ausgefüllt, die mit jeder Erde durch die Öffnungen des Baustahlgitters der Traggerüstes 2 in Verbindung steht, welche innerhalb der Hohlräume der Reifensektoren 9 angeordnet ist. Der Erde 13 kann ein Zusatz von Kompost bzw. Düngemitteln beigegeben sein.10 to 12 show the use of the structure formed from the tire sectors 9 as a greening support for a guide rail 32 which is usually arranged along the longitudinal direction of a roadway and is anchored in the floor 5 by means of uprights 33 (FIG. 12). The exemplary embodiment shown is the median strip of a motorway, two guide rails 32 running parallel to one another (FIGS. 11, 12). The space between the floor 5 and the lower edge 34 of the two guide rails is filled by interrelated tire sectors 9 which are produced in the manner described and which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, are arranged in two rows which are parallel to one another and in a plurality of layers lying one above the other and in this position by one the supporting structure 2, which is placed on the floor 5 and fastened thereon, on which the tire sectors 9 are held by the fastening means 10. The tire sectors 9 are arranged in three layers between the lower edge 34 of the guide rail 32 and the floor 5 (FIG. 2), whereas the fourth layer - counted from the floor 5 - of the tire sectors 9 is approximately at the height of the guide rail 32, behind it, lies and the top (fifth) layer lies above the guide rail 32. In the case of guide rails 32 which are arranged lower or in the case of very thick tire sectors 9, only one or two tire layers can also lie between the base 5 and the guide rail 32. The space remaining between the vertical legs 3 of the two support structures 2 is filled by earth 13, which is connected to each earth through the openings of the structural steel grid of the support structure 2, which is arranged within the cavities of the tire sectors 9. The soil 13 can be added with compost or fertilizers.

Wie Fig. 11 zeigt, tritt der Umfang der Sichtseite aller Reifensektoren 9 hinter das der Straße zugewendete Profil der Leitschiene 32 zurück. Es kann jedoch die Anordnung so getroffen sein (wie dies in Fig. 11 unten strichliert angedeutet ist), daß einige oder alle der Reifensektoren 9, in Draufsicht gesehen, über das Profil der Leitschiene zur Fahrbahn hin vorstehen. Es können die einzelnen Reifensektorenschichten auch hinsichtlich des der Fahrbahn zugewendeten Profiles abgestuft angeordnet sein.As FIG. 11 shows, the circumference of the visible side of all tire sectors 9 recedes behind the profile of the guide rail 32 facing the road. However, the arrangement can be such (as indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 11 below) that some or all of the tire sectors 9, viewed in plan view, protrude beyond the profile of the guide rail towards the roadway. The individual tire sector layers can also be arranged in a graduated manner with respect to the tread facing the road.

Die Reifensektoren 9 hängen, wenn es sich um über 180 Grad verlaufende Sektoren handelt, paarweise durch die nicht durchgehenden Schnitte zusammen, wobei die Paare durch zusätzliche Klammern 35 untereinander verbunden sind. Zusätzliche Verbindungen der von den Reifensektoren 9 gebildeten Pakete bzw. der sie tragenden Traggerüste 2 sind zum Boden 5 vorgesehen, z. B. in Form von Ankerschrauben 36 (Fig. 11) und bzw. oder zur Leitschiene 32, z. B. ebenfalls in Form von Schraubverbindungen 37.If the sectors are 180 degrees, the tire sectors 9 are connected in pairs by the inconsistent cuts, the pairs being connected to one another by additional brackets 35. Additional connections of the packages formed by the tire sectors 9 or the supporting frames 2 carrying them are provided to the floor 5, e.g. B. in the form of anchor bolts 36 (Fig. 11) and or or to the guide rail 32, z. B. also in the form of screw connections 37.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 13 bis 15 ist der von den Reifensektoren 9 gebildete Aufbau als Begrenzung einer Bodenfläche, z. B. eines Parkplatzes, eingesetzt. Hiezu sind die in der beschriebenen Weise in untereinander zusammenhängende Reifensektoren 9 unterteilten Altreifen 7 an einem Traggerüst 2 mit diesem zugewendeten konkaven Seiten der Reifenöffnungen 8 befestigt, welches Traggerüst 2 noch durch am Boden aufliegende verzinkte Stahlrohre 38 versteift ist, mit denen die unterste Lage der Reifensektoren 9 mittels Klammern 39 verbunden sind. Weitere Verbindungsmittel 40, z. B. Klammern, verbinden die Reifensektoren 9 jeder Schicht untereinander, sowie einzelen Reifensektoren 9 der gleichen Schicht, soferne sie nicht ohnedies miteinander im Laufflächenbereich zusammenhängen. Die zu beiden Seiten des Aufbaues liegenden Reifensektoren 9 liegen voneinander in einem vorbestimmten Abstand, der mit Erde 13 für die Begrünung 12 ausgefüllt ist. An den Stirnseiten der Begrenzung können ebenfalls Reifensektoren 9 vorgesehen sein, die in ähnlicher Weise hergestellt sind, wie jene, die für die Seitenwände des Aufbaues Verwendung finden. Um die Reifensektoren 9 an den Stirnseiten des Aufbaues gut halten zu können, haben die Traggerüste 2 auch nach innen vorstehende, am Boden 5 aufliegende Schenkel, an denen die unterste Schicht der stirnseitigen Reifensektoren 9 befestigt sind. Auf diese Weise wird auch die innerhalb der Reifensektoren 9 des gesamten Aufbaues befindliche Erde 13 gut gehalten. Dieser Erde kann ein den Wuchs der Begrünung 12 begünstigendes Material, z. B. Kompost, Dünger usw. zugesetzt sein. Die Begrünung 12 ist in Fig. 13 der besseren Anschaulichkeit halber nur für den rechten Rand des Aubfaues dargestellt, bedeckt jedoch in der Praxis den Aufbau zur Gänze und deckt daher alle Reifensektoren 9 zur Gänze ab, sodaß ein gefälliges, umweltfreundliches und psychologisch günstiges Aussehen des Aufbaues bzw. der von ihm gebildeten Begrenzung geschaffen wird. Diese Begrenzung kann, gegebenenfalls elementweise in über die Länge des Aufbaues unterteilten Abschnitten, mittels der Stahlrohre 38 in einfacher Weise verladen werden, z. B. mittels eines Kranes sodaß diese Elemente der Begrenzung (zumeist ohne die Erde 13) in enem Werk vorgefertigt und im vorgefertigten Zustand ohne wesentlichen Aufwand an die Verwendungsstelle transportiert werden können. Dort kann die Füllung der Hohlräume mit Erde 13 und die Einsetzung der für die Begrünung 12 nötigen Pflanzen rasch und problemlos erfolgen. Ebenso ist eine Verlagerung der gesamten Begrenzung leicht möglich.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 13 to 15, the structure formed by the tire sectors 9 is used to delimit a floor area, e.g. B. a parking lot used. For this purpose, the used tires 7, which are divided into interconnected tire sectors 9 in the manner described, are fastened to a support frame 2 with the concave sides of the tire openings 8 facing them, which support frame 2 is also stiffened by galvanized steel pipes 38 resting on the ground, with which the lowest position of the tire sectors 9 are connected by means of brackets 39. Additional connecting means 40, e.g. B. brackets, connect the tire sectors 9 of each layer with each other, as well as individual tire sectors 9 of the same layer, provided that they are not connected to one another in the tread area anyway. The tire sectors 9 lying on both sides of the structure are at a predetermined distance from one another, which is filled with soil 13 for the greening 12. Tire sectors 9 can also be provided on the end faces of the boundary, which are manufactured in a manner similar to that used for the side walls of the structure. In order to be able to hold the tire sectors 9 well on the front sides of the structure, the supporting structures 2 also have legs projecting inwards and resting on the floor 5, to which the lowermost layer of the front tire sectors 9 are fastened. In this way, the soil 13 located within the tire sectors 9 of the entire structure is also held well. This soil can be a material that favors the growth of greenery 12, e.g. B. compost, fertilizer, etc. may be added. The greening 12 is shown in Fig. 13 for the sake of clarity only for the right edge of the Aubfaues, but in practice covers the structure completely and therefore covers all tire sectors 9 completely, so that a pleasing, environmentally friendly and psychologically favorable appearance of the Structure or the limit formed by him is created. This limitation can be loaded in a simple manner, if necessary element by element in sections divided over the length of the structure, by means of the steel tubes 38, e.g. B. by means of a crane so that these elements of the boundary (mostly without the earth 13) prefabricated in a factory and can be transported to the place of use in the prefabricated state without significant effort. There, the cavities can be filled with soil 13 and the plants required for greening 12 can be inserted quickly and easily. It is also easy to move the entire limit.

Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind alle Reifensektoren 9 gleich groß. Dies ergibt den Vorteil im wesentlichen vertikal verlaufender Begrenzungswände des Aufbaues, insbesondere an den Stoßflächen, an welchen benachbarte Abschnitte der Begrenzung aneinander angrenzen, sodaß zwischen den einander benachbarten Abschnitten keine oder fast keine Spalte verbleiben. Gegebenenfalls verbleibende Spalte werden durch die Begrünung 12 verdeckt. Es kann jedoch auch, falls gewünscht, die Anordnung so getroffen sein, daß die Reifensektoren 9 der einzelnen Schichten oder gegebenenfalls auch innerhalb derselben Schicht, unterschiedliche Abmessungen aufweisen, wodurch sich eine vorbestimmte Profilierung des Aufbaues erzielen läßt.In the illustrated embodiment, all tire sectors 9 are the same size. This gives the advantage of essentially vertically extending boundary walls of the structure, in particular on the abutting surfaces, on which adjacent sections of the boundary adjoin one another, so that no or almost no gaps remain between the adjacent sections. Any remaining gaps are covered by the greening 12. However, if desired, the arrangement can also be such that the tire sectors 9 of the individual layers or, if appropriate, also within the same layer have different dimensions, as a result of which a predetermined profiling of the structure can be achieved.

Die einzelnen Abschnitte des Aubaues können mit den Stahlrohren 38 bloß auf den Boden aufgesetzt werden, da das Gewicht der einzelnen Längsabschnitte der Begrenzung schon infolge der Erdfüllung im allgemeinen ausreicht, um eine ungewollte Verlagerung bei nicht zu starken einwirkenden Kräften zu verhindern. Falls erforderlich, können die eizelnen Abschnitte des Aufbaues jedoch auch am Boden 5 befestigt werden, z. B. mittels an den Stahlrohren 38 angreifender Bügel oder Ankerschrauben. Die L- bzw. T-förmigen Traggerüste 2 sind dann zweckmäßig an den Stahlrohren 38 angeschweißt. Die Stahlrohre samt Traggerüst erleichtern den Transport des Aufbaues, gegebenenfalls elementweise und stützen das auf ihnen aufliegende Traggerüst 2 ab. Um ein Durchfallen von Erde bei der Verlagerung eines Aufbaues zu verhindern, liegt auf dem horizontalen Schenkel des das Trägergerüst 2 bildenden Baustahlgitters eine Kunststoffolie auf.The individual sections of the structure can only be placed on the ground with the steel pipes 38, since the weight of the individual longitudinal sections of the boundary is generally sufficient, due to the filling of the earth, in order to prevent an unwanted shifting when the forces are not too great. If necessary, the egg sections of the structure can also be attached to the bottom 5, for. B. by means of the steel tubes 38 attacking bracket or anchor bolts. The L- or T-shaped support structures 2 are then expediently welded to the steel tubes 38. The steel pipes together with the supporting structure facilitate the transport of the structure, if necessary element by element, and support the supporting structure 2 resting on them. In order to prevent earth from falling through when a structure is displaced, a plastic film rests on the horizontal leg of the structural steel grid forming the support frame 2.

Bevorzugte Anwendungsgebiete für solche Begrenzungen sind Mittelstreifen und Seitenrandbegrenzungen für Straßen sowie Parkplatzbegrenzungen, jedoch können solche Begrenzungen mit Vorteil überall dort angewendet werden, wo eine gefällige und widerstandsfähige Abgrenzung einer Bodenfläche gewünscht ist.Preferred areas of application for such boundaries are median strips and side edge boundaries for streets and parking lot boundaries, but such boundaries can advantageously be used wherever a pleasing and robust delimitation of a floor area is desired.

Claims (25)

1. Noise-absorbing greenery-carrying structure, e.g. for walls extending along a traffic route, coverings for walls, guide rails or other roadway boundaries, boundaries to ground areas or the like, using a plurality of old tyres (7), whereby at least those cavities which exist between both tyre flanks (20) of a tyre contain a material which is suitable for the growth of greenery (12), e.g. earth (13), characterised in that the old tyres (7) are divided into tyre sectors (9) hanging together, one beneath the other, by cuts emanating from the central tyre opening (8), the concave sides of which face a supporting framework (2) on which the tyre sectors (9) are secured, whereby in each case a tyre is completely separated by a cut and at least a further cut between the tyre sectors (9) hanging together, extends along the tyre flanks (20) in the direction of the tread of the tyre.
2. Structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the supporting framework (2) which is divided preferably along the length of the structure, carries on its lower edge a limb (4), projecting horizontally, e.g. offset or welded-on, which forms a support for the tyre sectors (9) arranged over each other in layers.
3. Structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the supporting framework (2) is a lattice, preferably a galvanised structural steel lattice.
4. Structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterised in that the cuts between the tyre sectors (9) hanging together, extend along the tyre flanks (20) approximately to the tread of the tyre.
5. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the sections of the central tyre openings (8) defined by the tyre sectors (9) overlap each other in the overlapping layers, preferably in a concentric manner.
6. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that in the tyre sectors (9), in particular in the upper tyre flanks (20), continuous openings are provided for the passage of plants of the greenery (12).
7. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that in the tyre sectors (9), in particular in the profile region thereof, continuous ventilating openings (15) are provided.
8. Structure according to claim 6 and 7, characterised in that the openings (14) for the plants of the greenery (12) are larger than the ventilating openings (15).
9. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that a supply line (17), which is higher than the first layer of the tyre sectors (9), is provided for water with drop conduits (18) attached thereto, the water outlet openings of which lie above the central tyre openings (8) of the first layer of the tyre sectors (9).
10. Structure according to claim 9, characterised in that perforated tubes (10) lead to the water outlet openings, which are filled with granular material, preferably sand, and wrapped with an absorbing material, preferably felt, and reach into the lowest layer of the tyre sectors (9).
11. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that arranged between the supporting framework (2) and the tyre sectors (9) there is a damp-proof film (6), preferably of plastic.
12. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the tyre sectors (9) are arranged on both sides of the supporting framework (2).
13. Structure according to claim 12, characterised in that the tyre sectors (9) on one side are displaced relative to the tyre sectors (9) on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the structure, preferably around half the tyre diameter.
14. Structure according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterised in that for each side of the tyre sectors (9) an individual supporting framework (2) is present, whereby both supporting frameworks (2) are secured to each other.
15. Structure according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterised in that for both sides of the tyre sectors (9) a common supporting framework (2) is present.
16. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that at least in the tyre sectors (9) of the lower tyre layers expanding parts (22) are arranged between the tyre flanks (20).
17. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that at least some of the cut places of the tyre sectors (9) hanging together, one beneath the other, are arranged spaced from the supporting framework (2), whereby the cavity thus formed is filled with the material which is suitable for the growth of greenery (12).
18. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that on the visible sides of the tyre sectors (9) there is secured a meshed lattice (23) or a net.
19. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the tyre sectors (9) are arranged at least on one side of a wall (1) and form a front shell. on this.
20. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the tyre sectors (9) are carried by a steel concrete component, on which, if the case arises, they form a covering on at least one side of a bar (27), whereby the concave sides of the tyre sectors (9) face the central plane of the steel concrete component (25).
21. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the tyre sectors (9) between the base and the lower edge of a guide rail (32), anchored in the base by means of stays (33) are arranged over each other in at least two horizontal layers, whereby the tyre sectors (9) are connected, one beneath the other, as well as to the base (5) and/or the guide rail (32) and whereby, if the case arises, at least some of the tyre sectors (9), seen from the top, project over the profile of the guide rail (32) to the roadway (29).
22. Structure according to claim 21, characterised in that the lowest layer or the lowest layers of the tyre sectors (9) project(s) over the layer or layers lying thereover.
23. Structure according to claim 21 or 22, characterised in that the layers of the tyre sectors (9) project in a graduated manner.
24. Structure according to one of claims 21 to 23, characterised in that also by way of the guide rail (32) there is arranged at least one layer of tyre sectors (9), which projects, if the case arises, over the profile of the guide rail (32) and in that this layer is connected to the guide rail (32) or also to at least one layer on the tyre sectors (9) lying therebelow.
25. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the tyre sectors (9) are secured to rigid carrying elements, e.g. steel pipes (38), which extend in the longitudinal direction of a ground border, in particular one for roads, are capable of being anchored in the ground, extend below the lowest layer of the tyre sectors (9) and are connected to those tyre sectors (9), and in that the tyre sectors (9) of each layer are connected, one beneath the other, by connecting means e.g. clamps (40) or bolting, separated by the carrying elements.
EP86905665A 1985-10-17 1986-10-16 Noise-absorbing greenary-carrying structure Expired EP0273911B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT301585A AT384638B (en) 1985-10-17 1985-10-17 Boundary for areas of ground
AT301685A AT384639B (en) 1985-10-17 1985-10-17 Carriageway boundary
AT3017/85 1985-10-17
AT3016/85 1985-10-17
AT3014/85 1985-10-17
AT301485A AT384637B (en) 1985-10-17 1985-10-17 Support for cultivating greenery
AT3015/85 1985-10-17
AT301785A AT384640B (en) 1985-10-17 1985-10-17 Sound-absorbing cladding for a wall, supporting cultivated greenery

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0273911A1 EP0273911A1 (en) 1988-07-13
EP0273911B1 true EP0273911B1 (en) 1989-09-20

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ID=27421865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86905665A Expired EP0273911B1 (en) 1985-10-17 1986-10-16 Noise-absorbing greenary-carrying structure

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4785577A (en)
EP (1) EP0273911B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE46551T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3665746D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1987002399A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3665746D1 (en) 1989-10-26
ATE46551T1 (en) 1989-10-15
WO1987002399A1 (en) 1987-04-23
US4785577A (en) 1988-11-22
EP0273911A1 (en) 1988-07-13

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