EP0270401A1 - Carrier projectile for dispersing subprojectiles in a controlled manner - Google Patents

Carrier projectile for dispersing subprojectiles in a controlled manner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0270401A1
EP0270401A1 EP87402418A EP87402418A EP0270401A1 EP 0270401 A1 EP0270401 A1 EP 0270401A1 EP 87402418 A EP87402418 A EP 87402418A EP 87402418 A EP87402418 A EP 87402418A EP 0270401 A1 EP0270401 A1 EP 0270401A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sub
projectiles
projectile
projectile according
ejection
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Granted
Application number
EP87402418A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0270401B1 (en
Inventor
Gérard Dieval
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Thomson Brandt Armements SA
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Thomson Brandt Armements SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S102/00—Ammunition and explosives
    • Y10S102/703—Flechette

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile forming the head of a vector, such as a bomb, missile, etc., such a vector possibly comprising a propellant and being provided with a tail unit or a guidance or piloting system, so to have a defined ballistic trajectory.
  • a vector such as a bomb, missile, etc.
  • a vector possibly comprising a propellant and being provided with a tail unit or a guidance or piloting system, so to have a defined ballistic trajectory.
  • the present invention relates to a projectile comprising sub-projectiles ejected at a given time on the trajectory of the carrier projectile, in a controlled direction.
  • main projectile carrying sub-charges (or sub-projectiles) to be distributed over large surfaces or volumes.
  • sub-projectiles or sub-projectiles
  • special precautions are not usually taken for the organization of the sub-projectiles inside the main projectile; this results in a random distribution and orientation of the sub-projectiles during the dropping or, at least, a significant lack of precision on the speed and attitude of the sub-projectiles; the result is that only a portion, which is sometimes small, of the sub-projectiles reaches its goal, the rest being lost.
  • the present invention aims to allow to drop sub-projectiles in a preferred direction with satisfactory control of their attitude, so that is not disturbed their subsequent ballistic behavior.
  • the subject of the invention is a projectile comprising sub-projectiles, each of these having a fixed tail, for example with three fins; money- projectiles are stored in a single orientation (head forward and tail towards the rear of the main projectile) in one or more rows.
  • the bodies of the sub-projectiles are tangent to each other, the empennages being placed one inside the other in a self-locking manner.
  • the projectile also includes wedging elements between the body of the main projectile and the structure formed by the sub-projectiles.
  • the projectile comprises additional wedging elements disposed between the different sub-projectiles of the same row.
  • the spaces which remain free between the sub-projectiles and the wedging elements are filled with a pulverulent substance which has the function of improving the rigidity of the assembly and, when the projectile comprises several rows of sub-projectiles, ensure and maintain a spacing between the layers.
  • the invention relates to a projectile as defined by claim 1.
  • This projectile with a longitudinal axis XX, is generally identified 1 and consists of a cylindrical envelope 3, ending on one side by a warhead 2 of aerodynamic shape, for example substantially conical; at the other end, the projectile is fixed on the rest of the vector, represented by dotted lines 30.
  • sub-projectiles 5 Inside the envelope 3 are longitudinally disposed sub-projectiles 5. Each of them consists of a cylindrical body 54 terminating towards the front by an aerodynamic head 55, for example substantially conical, and of the 'other side by a tail 56, allowing it to maintain a given attitude on a given trajectory.
  • the sub-projectiles 5 are arranged in the projectile in one or, as in the case of FIG. 1, several rows, marked 71, 72 and 73. They are disposed there with a unique orientation, namely their head 55 directed towards the front of the projectile.
  • Sub-projectiles can be of the explosive ammunition, fireworks (infrared or illuminating) type, lure or kinetic energy munition.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of one half of the projectile 1 of FIG. 1, at the level of the tail of the sub-projectiles of one of the rows 71, 72 or 73.
  • the outer casing 3 is illustrated and, towards the center, an axis 20 supporting the warhead 2 and an inner casing 31.
  • the axis 20 of the warhead is movable in the casing 31 to allow the ejection of the warhead, as described below. All of the sub-projectiles 5 are disposed between the envelopes 3 and 31.
  • each of the sub-projectiles 5 and their tail unit 56 has also been shown, the elements 54 and 56 being hatched for the clarity of the drawing.
  • the tail of each sub-projectile 5 consists of three fins, arranged at 120 °.
  • the bodies 54 of the sub-projectiles are arranged in a hexagon, one of which example is shown in dotted lines 74, the center of the bodies 54 forming the vertices of the hexagon and the bodies 54 being tangent to each other.
  • the fins are arranged one inside the other so that the structure formed by all of the sub-projectiles is self-locking, that is to say that in the center of hexagon 74 there are six fins belonging respectively to the six sub-projectiles 5 of the hexagon, blocked one inside the other.
  • wedging elements 82 between the sub-projectiles 5, at the level of the bodies 54.
  • These elements 82 are for example of substantially cylindrical shape and extend over the entire length of the bodies 54, or only on part of them. For the clarity of FIG. 2, the surface of the elements 82 is dotted.
  • These internal wedging elements 82 have the function of improving the rigidity of all of the sub-projectiles 5, in particular in the case where the projectile is rotated around its longitudinal axis.
  • the wedging elements 82 are made of a flexible material, such as plastic foam, pre-stressed so as to make it possible to make up for any play in the structure.
  • truncated wedging elements marked 83, again with the aim of improving the rigidity of the structure.
  • wedging elements marked 81, having the function of preventing any tilting towards the outside of the sub-projectiles 5.
  • These elements 81 have a shape adapted to the free space between the structure formed by the sub-projectiles and the outer envelope 3. They are not necessarily of constant section, as illustrated in FIG. 2; however, in a preferred embodiment, they are in contact with the envelope 3 and with the sub-projectiles 5. They are by example made of a plastic material and are preferably made of a relatively rigid material and capable of breaking up during the ejection of the sub-projectiles, according to a mechanism described below, so as not to disturb this ejection.
  • the spaces left free between the walls 31 and 3 by the sub-projectiles 5 and the wedging elements 81, 82 or 83, are filled with a pulverulent material 9 whose function is, on the one hand, to improve immobilization of the sub-projectiles 5 in the casing 3 and, on the other hand, ensuring a separation between each of the rows 71, 72 and 73 (see FIG. 1) for a reason linked to the ejection of the sub-projectiles projectiles, as described below.
  • This powder 9 also makes it possible to visualize the point of release of the sub-projectiles, which facilitates its use.
  • the projectile 1 (FIG. 1) also includes a disc 6 closing the space between the envelopes 3 and 31 at the rear of the loading of sub-projectiles, actuated by propulsion means 4 when the sub-projectiles are dropped.
  • FIGS. 3, a and b are diagrams illustrating the mechanism for ejecting the sub-projectiles from the main projectile 1.
  • a first step under the action of the propulsion means 4 shown diagrammatically at the rear of the projectile 1, the axis 20 of the warhead 2 slides inside the casing 31 until the warhead separates from the projectile. This is designed so that it then remains stable and does not interfere with the movement of the sub-projectiles being ejected or that of the main projectile.
  • the propulsion means 4 impart a relative forward movement to the disc 6 relative to the casing 3, leading to the successive ejection of the rows 71, 72 and 73 of sub-projectiles 5.
  • the wedging elements 81-83 and the pulverulent material 9 separates from the sub-projectiles as they appear at the edge of the envelope 3.
  • FIG. 3a shows the moment when the warhead 2 is fully ejected from the casing 3 and when the first of the rows, namely row 71, is also fully ejected.
  • each of the sub-projectiles 5 is animated at its exit from the envelope 3, in addition to a relative longitudinal speed, a radial speed often called expansion speed, due to the aerodynamic force which is exerted on them at the exit of the envelope 3 and, if necessary, at the rotation of the main projectile. Furthermore, each of the rows is, when it leaves, slowed down by this aerodynamic force. The two phenomena combined make it possible to obtain an interpenetration of the different rows, as shown in FIG. 3b where the three rows being fully ejected, the different sub-projectiles 5 are found substantially on the same line 74 to form a single sheaf, animated by 'a longitudinal speed and a radial speed of expansion.
  • the speed of expansion depends on the speed of rotation of the projectile 1, on the dimensioning of the setting elements as well as on the geometrical characteristics of the sub-projectiles and their position relative to the longitudinal axis (XX) of the projectile.
  • the applicant's experiments and calculations have shown that it is then important that the heads of the sub-projectiles of a row are without mechanical contact with the rear of the sub-projectiles of the previous row, to avoid that the sub-projectile from behind does not disturb and tilts the sub-projectile from the front.
  • the spacing between the rows must be sufficient for the inter-penetration of the rows to be carried out correctly, without contact (or at least with a minimum of contact) between sub-projectiles. This separation function is fulfilled, as indicated above, by the pulverulent material 9.
  • the sub-projectiles are rigidly held in place before ejection so as, at the time of ejection, to be able to follow the planned trajectory.
  • means are provided so that, during this ejection, the trajectory of each of the sub-projectiles is neither disturbed by the various constituents of the main projectile, nor by the other sub-projectiles.
  • the main projectile has been described as having a cylindrical body with a circular section, but this section may have other shapes, for example square, the sub-projectiles then being provided with four fins. More generally, other geometric shapes can be used for the body of the projectile, the body and the tail of the sub-projectiles and their organization (in hexagon in FIG. 2), provided that the bodies of the sub-projectiles are tangent and their tailplane organized in a self-locking manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet un projectile formant la tête d'un vecteur ayant une trajectoire balistique définie et comportant des sous-projectiles éjectés à un instant donné sur la trajectoire du projectile, selon une direction contrôlée. Dans le projectile principal (1), les sous-projectiles (5) sont rangés avec une orientation unique, c'est-à-dire la tête (55) du sous-projectile vers l'avant du projectile, selon une ou plusieurs rangées (71-73). Dans chaque rangée, les corps (54) des sous-projectiles sont tangents et leurs empennages (56) sont placés les uns dans les autres de façon auto-blocante. Le projectile comporte en outre des éléments de calage entre les sous-projectiles et entre ceux-ci et la paroi du projectile. Les interstices résiduels sont en outre remplis d'un matériau pulvérulant.The subject of the invention is a projectile forming the head of a vector having a defined ballistic trajectory and comprising sub-projectiles ejected at a given instant on the trajectory of the projectile, in a controlled direction. In the main projectile (1), the sub-projectiles (5) are stored with a single orientation, that is to say the head (55) of the sub-projectile towards the front of the projectile, in one or more rows (71-73). In each row, the bodies (54) of the sub-projectiles are tangent and their empennages (56) are placed one inside the other in a self-locking manner. The projectile further comprises wedging elements between the sub-projectiles and between these and the wall of the projectile. The residual gaps are also filled with a pulverulent material.

Description

La présente invention concerne un projectile formant la tête d'un vecteur, tel que bombe, missile..., un tel vecteur comportant éventuellement un propulseur et étant muni d'un empennage ou d'un système de guidage ou de pilotage, de sorte à avoir une trajectoire balistique définie.The present invention relates to a projectile forming the head of a vector, such as a bomb, missile, etc., such a vector possibly comprising a propellant and being provided with a tail unit or a guidance or piloting system, so to have a defined ballistic trajectory.

Plus précisément, la présente invention se rapporte à un projectile comportant des sous-projectiles éjectés à un instant donné sur la trajectoire du projectile porteur, selon une direction contrôlée.More specifically, the present invention relates to a projectile comprising sub-projectiles ejected at a given time on the trajectory of the carrier projectile, in a controlled direction.

Les systèmes d'armes modernes utilisent très souvent le concept de projectile, appelé projectile principal, transportant des sous-charges (ou sous-projectiles) devant être réparties sur des surfaces ou des volumes importants. Dans les systèmes connus, il n'est pas habituellement pris de précautions particulières pour l'organisation des sous-projectiles à l'intérieur du projectile principal ; cela se traduit par une répartition et une orientation aléatoires des sous-projectiles lors du largage ou, au moins, un manque sensible de précision sur la vitesse et l'attitude des sous-projectiles ; le résultat en est que seule une portion, qui est parfois faible, des sous-­projectiles arrive à atteindre son but, le reste étant perdu.Modern weapon systems very often use the concept of projectile, called main projectile, carrying sub-charges (or sub-projectiles) to be distributed over large surfaces or volumes. In known systems, special precautions are not usually taken for the organization of the sub-projectiles inside the main projectile; this results in a random distribution and orientation of the sub-projectiles during the dropping or, at least, a significant lack of precision on the speed and attitude of the sub-projectiles; the result is that only a portion, which is sometimes small, of the sub-projectiles reaches its goal, the rest being lost.

La présente invention a pour but de permettre de larguer des sous-projectiles suivant une direction privilégiée avec un contrôle satisfaisant de leur attitude, afin que ne soit pas perturbé leur comportement balistique ultérieur.The present invention aims to allow to drop sub-projectiles in a preferred direction with satisfactory control of their attitude, so that is not disturbed their subsequent ballistic behavior.

Plus précisément, l'invention a pour objet un projectile comportant des sous-projectiles, chacun de ceux-ci ayant un empennage fixe, par exemple à trois ailettes ; les sous-­ projectiles sont rangés avec une orientation unique (la tête vers l'avant et l'empennage vers l'arrière du projectile principal) selon une ou plusieurs rangées. Dans chaque rangée, les corps des sous-projectiles sont tangents les uns aux autres, les empennages étant placés les uns dans les autres de façon auto-bloquante. Le projectile comporte encore des éléments de calage entre le corps du projectile principal et la structure formée par les sous-projectiles. Dans une variante de réalisation, le projectile comporte des élements de calage supplémentaires disposés entre les différents sous-projectiles d'une même rangée. Enfin, les espaces restés libres entre les sous-projectiles et les éléments de calage sont remplis par une substance pulvérulente qui a pour fonction d'améliorer la rigidité de l'ensemble et, lorsque le projectile comporte plusieurs rangées de sous-projectiles, d'assurer et maintenir un écartement entre les couches.More specifically, the subject of the invention is a projectile comprising sub-projectiles, each of these having a fixed tail, for example with three fins; money- projectiles are stored in a single orientation (head forward and tail towards the rear of the main projectile) in one or more rows. In each row, the bodies of the sub-projectiles are tangent to each other, the empennages being placed one inside the other in a self-locking manner. The projectile also includes wedging elements between the body of the main projectile and the structure formed by the sub-projectiles. In an alternative embodiment, the projectile comprises additional wedging elements disposed between the different sub-projectiles of the same row. Finally, the spaces which remain free between the sub-projectiles and the wedging elements are filled with a pulverulent substance which has the function of improving the rigidity of the assembly and, when the projectile comprises several rows of sub-projectiles, ensure and maintain a spacing between the layers.

Plus précisément encore, l'invention a pour objet un projectile tel que défini par la revendication 1.More precisely still, the invention relates to a projectile as defined by claim 1.

D'autres objets, particularités et résultats de l'invention ressortiront de la description suivante, illustrée par les dessins annexés qui représentent :

  • - la figure 1, un mode de réalisation du projectile selon l'invention ;
  • - la figure 2, une vue en coupe transversale d'un mode de réalisation du projectile selon l'invention ;
  • - les figures 3, a et b, deux étapes du largage des sous-­projectiles hors du projectile selon l'invention.
Other objects, features and results of the invention will emerge from the following description, illustrated by the appended drawings which represent:
  • - Figure 1, an embodiment of the projectile according to the invention;
  • - Figure 2, a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the projectile according to the invention;
  • - Figures 3, a and b, two stages of the release of the sub-projectiles out of the projectile according to the invention.

Sur ces différentes figures, les mêmes références se rapportent aux mêmes éléments.In these different figures, the same references relate to the same elements.

Sur la figure 1, on a donc représenté un projectile selon l'invention, vu schématiquement en coupe longitudinale.In Figure 1, there is therefore shown a projectile according to the invention, seen schematically in longitudinal section.

Ce projectile, d'axe longitudinal XX, est repéré globalement 1 et se compose d'une enveloppe 3 cylindrique, se terminant d'un côté par une ogive 2 de forme aérodynamique, par exemple sensiblement conique ; à l'autre extrémité, le projectile vient se fixer sur le reste du vecteur, représenté par des traits pointillés 30.This projectile, with a longitudinal axis XX, is generally identified 1 and consists of a cylindrical envelope 3, ending on one side by a warhead 2 of aerodynamic shape, for example substantially conical; at the other end, the projectile is fixed on the rest of the vector, represented by dotted lines 30.

A l'intérieur de l'envelopope 3 sont disposés longitudinalement des sous-projectiles 5. Chacun d'eux est constitué d'un corps cylindrique 54 se terminant vers l'avant par une tête 55 aérodynamique, par exemple sensiblement conique, et de l'autre côté par un empennage 56, lui permettant de conserver une attitude donnée sur une trajectoire donnée. Les sous-projectiles 5 sont disposés dans le projectile selon une ou, comme dans le cas de la figure 1, plusieurs rangées, repérées 71, 72 et 73. Ils y sont disposés avec une orientation unique, à savoir leur tête 55 dirigée vers l'avant du projectile.Inside the envelope 3 are longitudinally disposed sub-projectiles 5. Each of them consists of a cylindrical body 54 terminating towards the front by an aerodynamic head 55, for example substantially conical, and of the 'other side by a tail 56, allowing it to maintain a given attitude on a given trajectory. The sub-projectiles 5 are arranged in the projectile in one or, as in the case of FIG. 1, several rows, marked 71, 72 and 73. They are disposed there with a unique orientation, namely their head 55 directed towards the front of the projectile.

Les sous-projectiles peuvent être du type munition explosive, munition à artifice (infrarouge ou éclairante), leurre ou munition à énergie cinétique .Sub-projectiles can be of the explosive ammunition, fireworks (infrared or illuminating) type, lure or kinetic energy munition.

Un mode de réalisation de la disposition des sous-­projectiles 5 à l'intérieur du projectile 1 est donné sur la figure 2, qui est une vue en coupe transversale d'une moitié du projectile 1 de la figure 1, au niveau de l'empennage des sous-­projectiles de l'une des rangées 71, 72 ou 73.An embodiment of the arrangement of the sub-projectiles 5 inside the projectile 1 is given in FIG. 2, which is a cross-sectional view of one half of the projectile 1 of FIG. 1, at the level of the tail of the sub-projectiles of one of the rows 71, 72 or 73.

Sur cette coupe, on a illustré l'enveloppe extérieure 3 et, vers le centre, un axe 20 supportant l'ogive 2 et une enveloppe intérieure 31.L'axe 20 de l'ogive est mobile dans l'enveloppe 31 pour permettre l'éjection de l'ogive, comme décrit plus loin. L'ensemble des sous-projectiles 5 est disposé entre les enveloppes 3 et 31.In this section, the outer casing 3 is illustrated and, towards the center, an axis 20 supporting the warhead 2 and an inner casing 31. The axis 20 of the warhead is movable in the casing 31 to allow the ejection of the warhead, as described below. All of the sub-projectiles 5 are disposed between the envelopes 3 and 31.

On a également représenté le corps 54 de chacun des sous-projectiles 5 et leur empennage 56, les éléments 54 et 56 étant hachurés pour la clarté du dessin. Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'empennage de chaque sous-projectile 5 se compose de trois ailettes, disposées à 120°. Les corps 54 des sous-projectiles sont disposés selon un hexagone, dont un exemple est représenté en traits pointillés 74, le centre des corps 54 formant les sommets de l'hexagone et les corps 54 étant tangents les uns aux autres. Les ailettes sont disposées les unes dans les autres de telle sorte que la structure formée par l'ensemble des sous-projectiles soit auto-bloquante,c'est-à-dire qu'au centre de l'hexagone 74 on trouve six ailettes appartenant respectivement aux six sous-projectiles 5 de l'hexagone, bloquées les unes dans les autres.The body 54 of each of the sub-projectiles 5 and their tail unit 56 has also been shown, the elements 54 and 56 being hatched for the clarity of the drawing. In this embodiment, the tail of each sub-projectile 5 consists of three fins, arranged at 120 °. The bodies 54 of the sub-projectiles are arranged in a hexagon, one of which example is shown in dotted lines 74, the center of the bodies 54 forming the vertices of the hexagon and the bodies 54 being tangent to each other. The fins are arranged one inside the other so that the structure formed by all of the sub-projectiles is self-locking, that is to say that in the center of hexagon 74 there are six fins belonging respectively to the six sub-projectiles 5 of the hexagon, blocked one inside the other.

Dans une variante préférée de réalisation, on dispose des éléments de calage intérieur 82 entre les sous-projectiles 5, au niveau des corps 54. Ces éléments 82 sont par exemple de forme sensiblement cylindrique et s'étendent sur toute la longueur des corps 54, ou seulement sur une partie de ceux-ci. Pour la clarté de la figure 2, la surface des éléments 82 est pointillée. Ces éléments de calage intérieurs 82 ont pour fonction d'améliorer la rigidité de l'ensemble des sous-projectiles 5, notamment dans le cas où le projectile est animé d'un mouvement de rotation autour de son axe longitudinal. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, les éléments de calage 82 sont réalisés en un matériau souple, comme une mousse plastique, pré-contraint de façon à permettre de rattraper les éventuels jeux de la structure. Entre les sous-projectiles 5 et l'enveloppe intérieure 31, il peut être disposé comme représenté sur la figure 2 des éléments de calage tronqués, repérés 83, toujours dans le but d'améliorer la rigidité de structure.In a preferred embodiment, there are internal wedging elements 82 between the sub-projectiles 5, at the level of the bodies 54. These elements 82 are for example of substantially cylindrical shape and extend over the entire length of the bodies 54, or only on part of them. For the clarity of FIG. 2, the surface of the elements 82 is dotted. These internal wedging elements 82 have the function of improving the rigidity of all of the sub-projectiles 5, in particular in the case where the projectile is rotated around its longitudinal axis. In a preferred embodiment, the wedging elements 82 are made of a flexible material, such as plastic foam, pre-stressed so as to make it possible to make up for any play in the structure. Between the sub-projectiles 5 and the inner envelope 31, it may be arranged as shown in FIG. 2 truncated wedging elements, marked 83, again with the aim of improving the rigidity of the structure.

Entre la stucture formée par l'ensemble des sous-projectiles 5 et l'enveloppe extérieure 3, on dispose également des éléments de calage, repérés 81, ayant pour fonction d'éviter tout basculement vers l'extérieur des sous projectiles 5. Ces éléments 81 ont une forme adaptée à l'espace libre entre la structure formée par les sous-projectiles et l'enveloppe extérieure 3. Ils ne sont pas obligatoirement de section constante, comme illustré sur la figure 2 ; toutefois, dans un mode de réalisation préféré, ils sont en contact avec l'enveloppe 3 et avec les sous-projectiles 5. Ils sont par exemple réalisés en un matériau plastique et sont de préférence en un matériau relativement rigide et susceptible de se morceler lors de l'éjection des sous-projectiles, selon un mécanisme décrit plus loin, de façon à ne pas perturber cette éjection.Between the structure formed by all of the sub-projectiles 5 and the outer casing 3, there are also wedging elements, marked 81, having the function of preventing any tilting towards the outside of the sub-projectiles 5. These elements 81 have a shape adapted to the free space between the structure formed by the sub-projectiles and the outer envelope 3. They are not necessarily of constant section, as illustrated in FIG. 2; however, in a preferred embodiment, they are in contact with the envelope 3 and with the sub-projectiles 5. They are by example made of a plastic material and are preferably made of a relatively rigid material and capable of breaking up during the ejection of the sub-projectiles, according to a mechanism described below, so as not to disturb this ejection.

Enfin, les espaces laissés libres entre les parois 31 et 3 par les sous-projectiles 5 et les éléments de calage 81, 82 ou 83, sont remplis d'un matériau pulvérulant 9 dont la fonction est, d'une part, d'améliorer l'immobilisation des sous-­projectiles 5 dans l'enveloppe 3 et, d'autre part, d'assurer une séparation entre chacune des rangées 71, 72 et 73 (voir figure 1) pour une raison liée à l'éjection des sous-projectiles, comme exposé ci-après. Cette poudre 9 permet également de visualiser le point de largage des sous-projectiles, ce qui en facilite l'utilisation.Finally, the spaces left free between the walls 31 and 3 by the sub-projectiles 5 and the wedging elements 81, 82 or 83, are filled with a pulverulent material 9 whose function is, on the one hand, to improve immobilization of the sub-projectiles 5 in the casing 3 and, on the other hand, ensuring a separation between each of the rows 71, 72 and 73 (see FIG. 1) for a reason linked to the ejection of the sub-projectiles projectiles, as described below. This powder 9 also makes it possible to visualize the point of release of the sub-projectiles, which facilitates its use.

Le projectile 1 (figure 1) comporte encore un disque 6 fermant l'espace entre les enveloppes 3 et 31 à l'arrière du chargement de sous-projectiles, actionné par des moyens de propulsion 4 lors du largage des sous-projectiles.The projectile 1 (FIG. 1) also includes a disc 6 closing the space between the envelopes 3 and 31 at the rear of the loading of sub-projectiles, actuated by propulsion means 4 when the sub-projectiles are dropped.

Les figures 3, a et b, sont des schémas illustrant le mécanisme d'éjection des sous-projectiles hors du projectile principal 1.FIGS. 3, a and b, are diagrams illustrating the mechanism for ejecting the sub-projectiles from the main projectile 1.

Dans une première étape, sous l'action des moyens de propulsion 4 représentés schématiquement à l'arrière du projectile 1, l'axe 20 de l'ogive 2 coulisse à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 31 jusqu'à ce que l'ogive se sépare du projectile. Celle-ci est dessinée de sorte qu'elle demeure alors stable et ne vienne pas perturber le mouvement des sous-projectiles en cours d'éjection ou celui du projectile principal.In a first step, under the action of the propulsion means 4 shown diagrammatically at the rear of the projectile 1, the axis 20 of the warhead 2 slides inside the casing 31 until the warhead separates from the projectile. This is designed so that it then remains stable and does not interfere with the movement of the sub-projectiles being ejected or that of the main projectile.

Dans une seconde étape, les moyens de propulsion 4 impriment un mouvement relatif vers l'avant au disque 6 par rapport à l'enveloppe 3, conduisant à l'éjection successive des rangées 71, 72 et 73 de sous-projectiles 5. Pendant l'éjection de l'ensemble des rangées 71-73, les éléments de calage 81-83 et le matériau pulvérulant 9 se séparent des sous-projectiles au fur et à mesure de leur apparition au bord de l'enveloppe 3.In a second step, the propulsion means 4 impart a relative forward movement to the disc 6 relative to the casing 3, leading to the successive ejection of the rows 71, 72 and 73 of sub-projectiles 5. During the ejection of all the rows 71-73, the wedging elements 81-83 and the pulverulent material 9 separates from the sub-projectiles as they appear at the edge of the envelope 3.

On a représenté sur la figure 3a le moment où l'ogive 2 est entièrement éjectée de l'enveloppe 3 et où la première des rangées, à savoir la rangée 71, est également entièrement éjectée.FIG. 3a shows the moment when the warhead 2 is fully ejected from the casing 3 and when the first of the rows, namely row 71, is also fully ejected.

Ainsi qu'il est connu, chacun des sous-projectiles 5 est animé à sa sortie de l'enveloppe 3, outre d'une vitesse relative longitudinale, d'une vitesse radiale souvent appelée vitesse d'expansion, due à la force aérodynamique qui s'exerce sur eux à la sortie de l'enveloppe 3 et, le cas échéant, à la rotation du projectile principal. Par ailleurs, chacune des rangées est, lors de sa sortie, ralentie par cette force aérodynamique. Les deux phénomènes combinés permettent d'obtenir une interpénétration des différentes rangées, comme représenté sur la figure 3b où les trois rangées étant intégralement éjectées, les différents sous-projectiles 5 se retrouvent sensiblement sur la même ligne 74 pour former une gerbe unique, animée d'une vitesse longitudinale et d'une vitesse radiale d'expansion. Il est à noter que la vitesse d'expansion dépend de la vitesse de rotation du projectile 1, du dimensionnement des éléments de calage ainsi que des caractéristique géométriques des sous-­projectiles et de leur position par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (XX) du projectile. Les expériences et les calculs de la déposante ont montré qu'il est alors important que les têtes des sous-projectiles d'une rangée soient sans contact mécanique avec les arrières des sous-projectiles de la rangée précédente, pour éviter que le sous-projectile de derrière ne perturbe et fasse basculer le sous-projectile de devant. En outre, l'écartement entre les rangées doit être suffisant pour que l'inter-­pénétration des rangées s'effectue correctement, sans contact (ou au moins avec un minimum de contact) entre sous-­projectiles. Cette fonction de séparation est remplie, comme indiqué plus haut, par le matériau pulvérulant 9.As is known, each of the sub-projectiles 5 is animated at its exit from the envelope 3, in addition to a relative longitudinal speed, a radial speed often called expansion speed, due to the aerodynamic force which is exerted on them at the exit of the envelope 3 and, if necessary, at the rotation of the main projectile. Furthermore, each of the rows is, when it leaves, slowed down by this aerodynamic force. The two phenomena combined make it possible to obtain an interpenetration of the different rows, as shown in FIG. 3b where the three rows being fully ejected, the different sub-projectiles 5 are found substantially on the same line 74 to form a single sheaf, animated by 'a longitudinal speed and a radial speed of expansion. It should be noted that the speed of expansion depends on the speed of rotation of the projectile 1, on the dimensioning of the setting elements as well as on the geometrical characteristics of the sub-projectiles and their position relative to the longitudinal axis (XX) of the projectile. The applicant's experiments and calculations have shown that it is then important that the heads of the sub-projectiles of a row are without mechanical contact with the rear of the sub-projectiles of the previous row, to avoid that the sub-projectile from behind does not disturb and tilts the sub-projectile from the front. In addition, the spacing between the rows must be sufficient for the inter-penetration of the rows to be carried out correctly, without contact (or at least with a minimum of contact) between sub-projectiles. This separation function is fulfilled, as indicated above, by the pulverulent material 9.

De la sorte, selon l'invention, les sous-projectiles sont rigidement maintenus en place avant l'éjection de façon, au moment de l'éjection, à être aptes à suivre la trajectoire prévue. En outre, des moyens sont prévus pour que, lors de cette éjection , la trajectoire de chacun des sous-projectiles ne soit perturbée ni par les différents constituants du projectile principal, ni par les autres sous-projectiles.In this way, according to the invention, the sub-projectiles are rigidly held in place before ejection so as, at the time of ejection, to be able to follow the planned trajectory. In addition, means are provided so that, during this ejection, the trajectory of each of the sub-projectiles is neither disturbed by the various constituents of the main projectile, nor by the other sub-projectiles.

La description ci-dessus a été faite à titre d'exemple non limitatif. C'est ainsi que le projectile principal a été décrit comme ayant un corps cylindrique à section circulaire, mais que cette section peut affecter d'autres formes, par exemple carrée, les sous-projectiles étant alors munis de quatre ailettes. Plus généralement, d'autres formes géométriques peuvent être utilisées pour le corps du projectile, le corps et l'empennage des sous-projectiles et leur organisation (en hexagone sur la figure 2), sous réserve que les corps des sous-projectiles soient tangents et leurs empennages organisés de façon autobloquante.The above description has been given by way of nonlimiting example. Thus, the main projectile has been described as having a cylindrical body with a circular section, but this section may have other shapes, for example square, the sub-projectiles then being provided with four fins. More generally, other geometric shapes can be used for the body of the projectile, the body and the tail of the sub-projectiles and their organization (in hexagon in FIG. 2), provided that the bodies of the sub-projectiles are tangent and their tailplane organized in a self-locking manner.

Claims (10)

1 Projectile comportant des sous-projectiles, caractérisé par le fait que chacun des sous-projectiles (5) comporte un corps (54) muni d'une tête (55) et d'un empennage (56) fixe ;
que les sous-projectiles (5) sont tous disposés selon la même orientation, à savoir la tête vers l'avant du projectile (1), selon au moins une rangée (71-73) ;
que, dans chaque rangée (71-73), les sous-projectiles (5) sont tangents les uns aux autres, les empennages (56) étant disposés les uns dans les autres de façon autobloquante,
      et que le projectile (1) comporte en outre :
      - des moyens de calage (81), disposés entre la paroi extérieure (3) du projectile (1) et la structure formée par les sous-projectiles (5) ;
      - une substance pulvérulente (9) remplissant les espaces restés libres entre les sous-projectiles (5) et les moyens de calage (91) ;
      - des moyens (4, 6) assurant l'éjection des sous-projectiles (5) par l'avant du projectile (1).1 Projectile comprising sub-projectiles, characterized in that each of the sub-projectiles (5) comprises a body (54) provided with a head (55) and a fixed tail (56);
that the sub-projectiles (5) are all arranged in the same orientation, namely the head towards the front of the projectile (1), in at least one row (71-73);
that, in each row (71-73), the sub-projectiles (5) are tangent to each other, the empennages (56) being arranged in each other in a self-locking manner,
and that the projectile (1) further comprises:
- wedging means (81), disposed between the outer wall (3) of the projectile (1) and the structure formed by the sub-projectiles (5);
- a pulverulent substance (9) filling the spaces which remain free between the sub-projectiles (5) and the wedging means (91);
- Means (4, 6) ensuring the ejection of the sub-projectiles (5) from the front of the projectile (1). 2 Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'empennage (56) des sous-projectiles (5) comporte trois ailettes.2 Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the tail (56) of the sub-projectiles (5) comprises three fins. 3 Projectile selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la section du corps (54) des sous-­projectiles (5) est sensiblement circulaire et que les sous-­projectiles sont disposés en héxagones (74).3 Projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the section of the body (54) of the sub-projectiles (5) is substantially circular and that the sub-projectiles are arranged in hexagons (74). 4 Projectile selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte plusieurs rangées (71-73) de sous-projectiles (5), les rangées étant disposées de sorte à ménager entre elles un écartement rempli par la substance pulvérulente (9).4 Projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises several rows (71-73) of sub-projectiles (5), the rows being arranged so as to create a gap between them filled with the pulverulent substance (9). 5 Projectile selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que ledit écartement est tel que, lors de l'éjection des sous-­projectiles (5), les différents rangées (71-73) s'interpénètrent sans perturbation mutuelle sensible des trajectoires des sous-projectiles.5 Projectile according to claim 4, characterized in that said spacing is such that, during the ejection of the sub-projectiles (5), the different rows (71-73) interpenetrate without significant mutual disturbance of the trajectories of the sub -projectiles. 6 Projectile selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte en outre des seconds moyens de calage (82-83), disposés entre les sous-projectiles (5) d'une même rangée (71-73).6 Projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises second wedging means (82-83), arranged between the sub-projectiles (5) of the same row (71-73) . 7 Projectile selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que les seconds moyens de calage (82-83) comportent un matériau souple.7 Projectile according to claim 6, characterized in that the second wedging means (82-83) comprise a flexible material. 8 Projectile selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé par le fait que les seconds moyens de calage (82, 83) sont constitués par des éléments sensiblement cylindriques, tengents aux corps (54) des sous-projectiles (5).8 Projectile according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the second wedging means (82, 83) are constituted by substantially cylindrical elements, adjoining the bodies (54) of the sub-projectiles (5). 9 Projectile selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de calage (81) sont formés d'un matériau susceptible de se morceler.9 Projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wedging means (81) are formed of a material capable of breaking up. 10 Projectile selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte en outre une ogive (2) à l'avant, éjectée par les moyens d'éjection (4) lors de l'éjection des sous-projectiles (5).10 Projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a warhead (2) at the front, ejected by the ejection means (4) during the ejection of the sub-projectiles ( 5).
EP87402418A 1986-10-31 1987-10-27 Carrier projectile for dispersing subprojectiles in a controlled manner Expired - Lifetime EP0270401B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8615236 1986-10-31
FR8615236A FR2606135B1 (en) 1986-10-31 1986-10-31 PROJECTILE COMPRISING SUB-PROJECTILES WITH CONTROLLED DIRECTIONAL WIDTH

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EP0270401A1 true EP0270401A1 (en) 1988-06-08
EP0270401B1 EP0270401B1 (en) 1991-09-04

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EP (1) EP0270401B1 (en)
BR (1) BR8705785A (en)
CA (1) CA1316395C (en)
DE (1) DE3772722D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2606135B1 (en)

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US6779462B2 (en) * 2001-06-04 2004-08-24 Raytheon Company Kinetic energy rod warhead with optimal penetrators
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US6920827B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2005-07-26 Raytheon Company Vehicle-borne system and method for countering an incoming threat
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US7017496B2 (en) 2002-08-29 2006-03-28 Raytheon Company Kinetic energy rod warhead with imploding charge for isotropic firing of the penetrators
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US6779462B2 (en) * 2001-06-04 2004-08-24 Raytheon Company Kinetic energy rod warhead with optimal penetrators
US6973878B2 (en) 2001-06-04 2005-12-13 Raytheon Company Warhead with aligned projectiles
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US6910423B2 (en) 2001-08-23 2005-06-28 Raytheon Company Kinetic energy rod warhead with lower deployment angles
US6931994B2 (en) 2002-08-29 2005-08-23 Raytheon Company Tandem warhead
US7017496B2 (en) 2002-08-29 2006-03-28 Raytheon Company Kinetic energy rod warhead with imploding charge for isotropic firing of the penetrators
US7415917B2 (en) 2002-08-29 2008-08-26 Raytheon Company Fixed deployed net for hit-to-kill vehicle
US6920827B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2005-07-26 Raytheon Company Vehicle-borne system and method for countering an incoming threat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3772722D1 (en) 1991-10-10
FR2606135A1 (en) 1988-05-06
EP0270401B1 (en) 1991-09-04
CA1316395C (en) 1993-04-20
US4777882A (en) 1988-10-18
BR8705785A (en) 1988-05-31
FR2606135B1 (en) 1990-07-27

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