EP0264015B1 - Rotierender Schneidmeissel - Google Patents

Rotierender Schneidmeissel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0264015B1
EP0264015B1 EP87114132A EP87114132A EP0264015B1 EP 0264015 B1 EP0264015 B1 EP 0264015B1 EP 87114132 A EP87114132 A EP 87114132A EP 87114132 A EP87114132 A EP 87114132A EP 0264015 B1 EP0264015 B1 EP 0264015B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
retainer
bore
rearward
cutting bit
rear end
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87114132A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0264015A1 (de
Inventor
Wayne H. Beach
Lawrence R. Burns
Robert H. Montgomery
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kennametal Inc
Original Assignee
Kennametal Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kennametal Inc filed Critical Kennametal Inc
Priority to AT87114132T priority Critical patent/ATE56248T1/de
Publication of EP0264015A1 publication Critical patent/EP0264015A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0264015B1 publication Critical patent/EP0264015B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/19—Means for fixing picks or holders
    • E21C35/197—Means for fixing picks or holders using sleeves, rings or the like, as main fixing elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotatable cutting bit for mounting in the bore of a block and to a resilient retainer for rotatably mounting a rotatable cutting bit in the cylindrical bore of a block.
  • Rotatable cutting bits held within a mounting block affixed to a movable member, such as a mining wheel or road planing drum, have been utilized to perform various excavating operations. These excavating operations can include applications relating to the removal of minerals as well as applications relating to road planing, trenching, concrete cutting and other construction applications. While earlier devices have performed satisfactorily, certain problems or drawbacks have existed, and the present invention is an improved design directed to successfully overcoming these drawbacks.
  • Typical cutting bits that have been previously utilized have included an enlarged diameter portion or a sharp stepped or flanged diameter portion at the rear end of the shank such as those illustrated in U.S. Patent No. 4 201 421 to Den Besten et al. or in U.S. Patent No. 3 519 309 to Engle et al., or in US-A 4 575 156 corresponding to the preamble of claims 1 and 8, for example.
  • In manufacturing the rearward portion of the bit body via techniques such as cold heading, forging or machining it has been found that it is more economical to avoid forming such an enlarged diameter portion. It would thus be advantageous to provide a cutting bit wherein the rearward portion of the bit body is of a substantially constant diameter thereby eliminating an enlarged or sharp stepped diameter portion.
  • the invention as claimed is intended to remedy these drawbacks. It solves the problems of conventional cutting bits that have utilized an enlarged diameter portion or a sharp stepped or flanged diameter portion at the rear end of the shank and would thus be advantageous to provide a cutting bit wherein the rearward portion of the bit body is of a substantially constant diameter thereby eliminating an enlarged or sharp stepped diameter portion.
  • a rotatable cutting bit for mounting in the bore of a block
  • the rotatable cutting bit comprising an elongate body generally symmetrical about a longitudinal axis having forward and rearward portions, said forward portion terminating in a front end at which there is a cutting tip, and said rearward portion terminating in a rear end, and a resilient retainer which comprises a cylindrical sleeve having front and rear ends and surrounding substantially all of the rearward portion and said retainer having an unstressed diameter greater than the diameter of the bore so that when the rotatable cutting bit is inserted into the bore the retainer expands against the bore so as to be held therein;
  • the cutting bit is characterized in that said rearward portion is of a generally constant diameter and contains an annular channel adjacent the rear end; said cylindrical sleeve rear end being less in diameter than the bore and having an inwardly crimped portion which extends rearwardly past the rear end of said
  • a resilient retainer for rotatably mounting a rotatable cutting bit in the cylindrical bore of a block comprising an elongate cylindrical sleeve having opposite front and rear ends, said sleeve being axially split along the entire length thereof, said sleeve having integral forward and rearward portions, said forward portion being of substantially constant diameter, and said retainer having an unstressed diameter greater than the diameter of the bore so that when the assembly of the cutting bit and retainer are inserted into the bore the retainer expands against the bore so as to be held therein;
  • the resilient retainer is characterized in that the forward portion is tapered radially inwardly and at least one radially inward projection adapted to engage the cutting bit is contained in the forward portion of said resilient retainer.
  • the advantages offered by this invention provide an improved retainer and cutting bit which may be rotatably held within the bore of a mounting block affixed to a movable member; a cutting bit that is more economical to manufacture; a retainer and cutting bit that it is easy to extract from the bore of the block; a retainer and rotatable cutting bit that does not trap particulate matter between the retainer sleeve and the rear shank of the bit; and a retainer and a cutting bit whereby the retainer provides a means to guide the bit into the bore of the mounting block.
  • Fig. 1 a cutting assembly generally designated as 10 which is mounted to a rotatable or movable member 12.
  • the rotatable or movable member may comprise a mining wheel, a road planing drum a bucket blade, a grader blade or the like.
  • the cutting assembly 10 includes a block 14 having a front face 16, a rear face 18, and a mounting face 20.
  • Block 14 further includes a generally cylindrical bore 22 having a frusto-conically shaped seating surface 24 adjacent the front face 16 thereof.
  • the block is affixed at the mounting face 20 to the rotatable member 12 such as by welding or the like.
  • Cutting assembly 10 further includes a cutting bit generally designated as 30.
  • cutting bit 30 includes an elongate steel body 32 having integral forward and rearward portions 34 and 36, respectively.
  • An annular frusto-conically shaped shoulder 38 joins the forward and rearward portions.
  • Body 32 further includes an annular puller groove 40 positioned forwardly of annular shoulder 38. Puller groove 40 is designed to receive a tool, well known to those in the art, which facilitates the removal of the cutting bit from the block.
  • Forward portion 34 includes a flat front face 42 having a socket (not illustrated) contained therein in which a cutting tip 44 is affixed such as by brazing.
  • Cutting tip 44 is made from a hard material such as a cemented tungsten carbide.
  • the rearward portion 36 of steel body 32 terminates in a flat rear end 46 and has a frusto-conically shaped or tapered portion 48 adjacent the rear end 46.
  • the rearward portion 36 contains an annular channel 50 positioned forwardly of the frusto- conically shaped portion 48.
  • a constant diameter cylindrical portion 52 then joins the annular channel 50 with the annular shoulder 38.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 Another specific embodiment of the cutting bit is illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8. Elements in these specific embodiments that are common to one another are illustrated with the same reference numeral except that the reference numerals for the embodiment of Figs. 7 and 8 are primed.
  • the primary difference between the specific embodiment of Figs. 7 and 8 than that illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4 is the presence of a plurality of generally equi-spaced axial grooves 120 located in the frustoconically shaped portion 48'. These grooves communicate with annular groove 50' and are open at the rear end 46'.
  • a retainer surrounds substantially all of the rearward portion 36 of the cutting bit body 32.
  • the retainer serves two basic purposes. The first is to retain the bit body in the block, and the second is to protect the block from wear by functioning as a wear sleeve between the bit body and block.
  • Several specific embodiments of the retainer are illustrated in Figs.3, 5 and 6, and each will be described below.
  • one specific embodiment of the retainer comprises an elongate sleeve 62 having a forward portion 64 and a rearward portion 66.
  • the forward portion 64 terminates in a generally circularly-shaped front edge 68 and the rearward portion 66 terminates in a generally circularly-shaped rear edge 70.
  • the rearward portion 66 is crimped in a radially inward direction as illustrated in Fig. 3 so that the rearward portion 66 takes on a general frusto-conical shape.
  • Rearward portion 66 includes a plurality of axial slots 72 which facilitate the crimping of the rearward portion.
  • the forward portion 64 of sleeve 64 contain a plurality of radially inwardly projecting dimples 74 positioned forwardly of the juncture between the forward and rearward portions 64,66 of the sleeve 62.
  • the retainer 60 is positioned relative to the cutting bit body 32 so as to surround the rearward portion 36 thereof whereby the dimples 74 are received within the annular channel 50.
  • the diameter of the forward portion 64 of retainer 60 in an unstressed condition is larger than the diameter of bore 22 of block 14. Consequently, when the assembly of the cutting bit body and the retainer is inserted into the bore, the diameter of the forward portion 64 of the retainer 60 is radially compressed whereby when inside the bore, the retainer 60 expands against the bore so as to be securely held therein.
  • Dimples 74 are received within annular groove 70 so as to retain the cutting bit body and retainer together.
  • the dimensioning of the dimples 74 relative to the annular channel 50 and the sleeve itself relative to the rearward portion of the cutting bit body are as such that the cutting bit is free to rotate relative to the retainer and the block when the cutting bit-retainer assembly is inserted into the bore of the block.
  • the cutting bit body is rotatably retained by the retainer which is securely held in the bore of the block. The end result being that the bit is rotatably mounted within the block.
  • a retainer comprising an elongate sleeve 82 having a forward portion 84 and a rearward portion 86.
  • the forward portion 84 terminates in a generally circularly-shaped front edge 88 and the rearward portion 86 terminates in a generally circularly-shaped rear edge 90.
  • the rearward portion 86 is crimped in a radially inward direction as illustrated in Fig. 5 so that rearward portion 86 takes on a general frusto-conical shape.
  • Rearward portion 86 further includes axial slots 92 which facilitate the crimping of rearward portion 86.
  • Retainer 80 further includes a radially inwardly projecting annular projection 94 which extends around the circumference of retainer 80.
  • Annular projection 94 is positioned at the juncture of the forward and rearward portions 84 and 86 of the sleeve 82.
  • Annular projection 94 is designed to be received within the annular channel 50 of the cutting bit and has the same general diametrical dimensioning as retainer 60.
  • the unstressed diameter of the forward portion 84 of retainer 80 is larger than the diameter of bore 22 so that when the cutting tool assembly of the cutting bit and retainer are inserted into the bore, the retainer 80 expands against the surface of the bore 22 so as to be securely held therein.
  • FIG. 6 there is illustrated another specific embodiment of the retainer, generally designated 100, comprising an elongate sleeve 102 having a forward portion 104 and a rearward portion 106.
  • the forward portion 104 terminates in a generally circularly-shaped front edge 108 and the rearward portion 106 terminates in a generally circularly-shaped rear edge 110.
  • the rearward portion 106 is crimped in a radially inward direction as illustrated in Fig. 6 so that the rearward portion takes on a general frusto-conical shape.
  • Rearward portion 106 further contains a plurality of axial slots 112 therein which facilitate the crimping of rearward portion 106.
  • Retainer 100 further includes a plurality of equi-spaced circumferential projections 114 which project radially inwardly and are received within channel 50 of the cutting bit. Each projection contains a pair of oppositely disposed apertures 116.
  • this retainer 100 has the forward portion 104 thereof being of an unstressed diameter that is greater than the diameter of the bore 22 of the block. Consequently, when the assembly of the cutting bit and retainer is inserted into the bore, the retainer expands against the bore so as to be securely held within. Projections 114 are received within annular channel 50 so as to rotatably retain the cutting bit body within the retainer, the end result being that the bit is rotatably mounted within the block.
  • the cutting bit assembly is mounted in the block so that the bit body is able to rotate relative to the block. This is accomplished by inserting the cutting assembly into the bore of the block so that, as previously described, the retainer is securely fixed within the bore and the c utting bit body is rotatably retained within the retainer by the reception of the projections within the channel.
  • the end result being that the bit is able to rotate relative to the block during operation.
  • the ability to rotate is one of the important operational features of the assembly since wear on the carbide tip more evenly occurs and flat spots on the tip are avoided.
  • the rearward portion thereof is crimped in a radially inward direction so that the diameter of the rear edge of the retainer is less than the diameter of the bore. Because of this difference in the diameters of the rear edge and the bore and the frusto-conical shape of the rearward portion, the rearward portion of the retainer is easily positioned within the top portion of the bore prior to the cutting bit assembly being driven into the bore. Further, the rearward portion of the retainer acts to guide the cutting bit assembly into the bore upon insertion. The ability to guide the cutting bit assembly into the bore in the insertion process is a desirable feature not possessed by cutting bits having enlarged diameter or sharply stepped rear portions.
  • the rearward portion of the retainer extends over and rearwardly of the rear end of the cutting bit body and extends forwardly so as to surround substantially all of the rearward portion of the steel cutting bit body.
  • the retainer functions both as a retainer and a wear sleeve that protects the bit body and block from wear during the cutting operation. Because the retainer extends rearwardly past the rear end of the cutting bit, the bore is protected from wear caused by the rear end of the bit body.
  • the rearward portion of the cutting bit body does not have an enlarged diameter portion by which contaminants are entrapped.
  • contaminants found in the space between the rearward portion of the cutting bit body and the retainer will be able to exit this space over the rearward portion of the bit and a build-up of contaminants will not occur.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
  • Table Equipment (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Drehbare Schneidspitze (30) zur Halterung in der Bohrung (22) eines Blocks (14), wobei die drehbare Schneidspitze (30) einen allgemein um eine Längsachse rotationssymmetrischen, länglichen Körper (32) mit einem vorderen (34) und einem rückwärtigen (36) Teil aufweist, wobei der vordere (34) Teil an seinem vorderen Ende mit einer Schneidspitze (44) abschließt und der rückwärtige Teil mit einem rückwärtigen Ende (46) abschließt, sowie einen federnden Käfig (60, 80, 100), welcher eine zylindrische Hülse (62) mit einem vorderen und einem hinteren Ende aufweist, im wesentlichen den gesamten rückwärtigen (36) Teil umgibt und in entspanntem Zustand einen größeren Durchmesser als die Bohrung (22) aufweist, so daß sich der Käfig (60) nach Einsetzen der drehbaren Schneidspitze (30) in die Bohrung (22) gegen die Bohrung (22) spannt und in dieser festgehalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
a) der rückwärtige (36) Teil einen allgemein konstanten Durchmesser aufweist und angrenzend an sein rückwärtiges Ende (46) einen ringförmigen Kanal (50) enthält;
b) das hintere Ende (66) der zylindrischen Hülse (62) von geringerem Durchmesser als die Bohrung (22) ist und einen nach innen gekröpften Teil aufweist, welcher an der Rückseite des rückwärtigen Endes (46) des rückwärtigen (36) Körperteils verläuft, daß der Käfig (60) angrenzend an das hintere Ende (66) der Hülse (62) einen oder mehrere einwärts gerichtete Vorsprünge (74, 94, 114) aufweist, welche von dem Kanal (50) aufgenommen werden, so daß der längliche Körper (32) und die Hülse (60) zusammen zurückgehalten werden.
2. Drehbare Schneidspitze (30) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der vordere (34) und der rückwärtige (36) Teil über eine ringförmige Schulter (38) zusammengefügt sind und daß der Durchmesser des rückwärtigen (36) Teils kleiner ist als der maximale Durchmesser der ringförmigen Schulter (38).
3. Drehbare Schneidspitze (30) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der federnde Käfig (60) eine Vielzahl einwärts gerichteter Vorsprünge (74, 114) aufweist, welche mit Abstand zueinander am Umfang angeordnet sind.
4. Drehbare Schneidspitze (30) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder der Vorsprünge (114) eine Öffnung (116) enthält, welche mit dem Kanal (50) in Verbindung steht.
5. Drehbare Schneidspitze (30) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der einwärts gerichtete Vorsprung ein ringförmiger, radial nach innen ragender Vorsprung (94) ist, welcher um die Umfangsfläche der Hülse (62, 80) herum verläuft.
6. Drehbare Schneidspitze (30) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (62, 82, 102) an ihrem hinteren Ende (66) einen axialen Schlitz (72, 92, 112) aufweist.
7. Drehbare Schneidspitze (30') nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der rückwärtige (36') Teil einen axialen Kanal (120) enthält, welcher den ringförmigen Kanal (50') schneidet und sich zu dem rückwärtigen Ende (46') hin öffnet.
8. Federnder Käfig (60) zur drehbaren Halterung einer drehbaren Schneidspitze (30) in der zylindrischen Bohrung (22) eines Blocks, wobei der Käfig eine längliche, zylindrische Hülse (62) mit einander gegenüberliegenden vorderen und hinteren Enden aufweist, wobei die Hülse (62) entlang ihrer gesamten Länge axial aufgetrennt ist und einstückig einen vorderen und einen hinteren Teil aufweist, wobei der vordere Teil im wesentlichen von konstantem Durchmesser ist; der Käfig (60) hat in entspanntem Zustand einen größeren Durchmesser als die Bohrung (22), so daß sich der Käfig (60) nach Einsetzen der Anordnung aus Schneidspitze (30) und Käfig (60) in die Bohrung (22) gegen die Bohrung (22) spannt und in dieser festgehalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
a) der hintere Teil (66) sich radial einwärts verjüngt und
b) wenigstens einer der radial einwärts gerichteten Vorsprünge (74, 94, 114) in dem vorderen Teil des federnden Käfigs (60) enthalten und dazu geeignet ist, in die Schneidspitze (30) einzugreifen.
9. Federnder Käfig (60) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Käfig (60) eine Vielzahl einwärts gerichteter Vorsprünge (74, 94, 114) aufweist, welche mit Abstand zueinander am Umfang angeordnet sind.
10. Federnder Käfig (60) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (62) an ihrem hinteren Ende (66) einen axialen Schlitz (112) aufweist.
EP87114132A 1986-10-07 1987-09-28 Rotierender Schneidmeissel Expired - Lifetime EP0264015B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87114132T ATE56248T1 (de) 1986-10-07 1987-09-28 Rotierender schneidmeissel.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US91633686A 1986-10-07 1986-10-07
US916336 1986-10-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0264015A1 EP0264015A1 (de) 1988-04-20
EP0264015B1 true EP0264015B1 (de) 1990-09-05

Family

ID=25437096

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87114132A Expired - Lifetime EP0264015B1 (de) 1986-10-07 1987-09-28 Rotierender Schneidmeissel

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0264015B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS63161288A (de)
AT (1) ATE56248T1 (de)
AU (1) AU592017B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8705346A (de)
CA (1) CA1301781C (de)
DE (1) DE3764760D1 (de)
DK (1) DK523087A (de)
ES (1) ES2005372A6 (de)
ZA (1) ZA876962B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19720635A1 (de) * 1997-05-16 1998-11-19 Betek Bergbau & Hartmetall Schaftmeißel
DE10142438A1 (de) * 2001-07-04 2003-01-30 Betek Bergbau & Hartmetall Befestigungsanordnung

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE461165B (sv) * 1987-06-12 1990-01-15 Hans Olav Norman Verktyg foer brytning, avverkning eller bearbetning av fasta material
US5303984A (en) * 1992-11-16 1994-04-19 Valenite Inc. Cutting bit holder sleeve with retaining flange
DE9411438U1 (de) * 1994-07-16 1994-11-10 Boart Hwf Gmbh Co Kg Rundschaftmeißelsicherung mit Verschlußschutz
US7380888B2 (en) 2001-04-19 2008-06-03 Kennametal Inc. Rotatable cutting tool having retainer with dimples
DE102005051450B4 (de) * 2005-10-27 2010-08-05 Betek Bergbau- Und Hartmetalltechnik Karl-Heinz Simon Gmbh & Co. Kg Rundschaftmeißel und Meißelhalter
DE102005051449B3 (de) 2005-10-27 2007-03-01 Betek Bergbau- Und Hartmetalltechnik Karl-Heinz Simon Gmbh & Co. Kg Rundschaftmeißel mit Meißelhalter
EP2313612B1 (de) * 2008-08-18 2014-12-03 Sandvik Intellectual Property AB Rückhaltevorrichtung mit vollständiger umhüllung für den schrittschaft eines werkzeugs
US7789468B2 (en) * 2008-08-19 2010-09-07 The Sollami Company Bit holder usable in bit blocks having either of a cylindrical or non-locking taper bore
US8622482B2 (en) * 2008-08-19 2014-01-07 Phillip Sollami Bit holder usable in bit blocks having either of a cylindrical or non-locking taper bore
JP6636548B2 (ja) * 2018-01-31 2020-01-29 エポコラム機工株式会社 コニカルビット
US11898446B1 (en) 2022-07-29 2024-02-13 Kennametal Inc. Tool retainer

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3519309A (en) * 1965-08-12 1970-07-07 Kennametal Inc Rotary cone bit retained by captive keeper ring
AU490754B2 (en) * 1976-08-23 1976-11-04 Carmet Company Mine tool and keeper
US4201421A (en) * 1978-09-20 1980-05-06 Besten Leroy E Den Mining machine bit and mounting thereof
US4575156A (en) * 1984-03-13 1986-03-11 Fansteel Inc. Mining block and bit

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19720635A1 (de) * 1997-05-16 1998-11-19 Betek Bergbau & Hartmetall Schaftmeißel
DE19720635C2 (de) * 1997-05-16 1999-05-12 Betek Bergbau & Hartmetall Schaftmeißel
DE10142438A1 (de) * 2001-07-04 2003-01-30 Betek Bergbau & Hartmetall Befestigungsanordnung
DE10142438B4 (de) * 2001-07-04 2007-09-13 Betek Bergbau- Und Hartmetalltechnik Karl-Heinz Simon Gmbh & Co. Kg Befestigungsanordnung für einen Schaftmeißel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0264015A1 (de) 1988-04-20
AU7900987A (en) 1988-04-21
DE3764760D1 (de) 1990-10-11
DK523087A (da) 1988-04-08
ES2005372A6 (es) 1989-03-01
DK523087D0 (da) 1987-10-06
AU592017B2 (en) 1989-12-21
BR8705346A (pt) 1988-05-24
JPS63161288A (ja) 1988-07-04
CA1301781C (en) 1992-05-26
ZA876962B (en) 1988-07-27
ATE56248T1 (de) 1990-09-15

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