EP0262968A2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung wetterfester Dichtungen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung wetterfester Dichtungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0262968A2
EP0262968A2 EP87308710A EP87308710A EP0262968A2 EP 0262968 A2 EP0262968 A2 EP 0262968A2 EP 87308710 A EP87308710 A EP 87308710A EP 87308710 A EP87308710 A EP 87308710A EP 0262968 A2 EP0262968 A2 EP 0262968A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gasket
silicone
adhesive
sealant
sealed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87308710A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0262968A3 (de
Inventor
Jerome Melvin Klosowski
William Vincent Ouellette
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dow Silicones Corp
Original Assignee
Dow Corning Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Corning Corp filed Critical Dow Corning Corp
Publication of EP0262968A2 publication Critical patent/EP0262968A2/de
Publication of EP0262968A3 publication Critical patent/EP0262968A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/66—Sealings
    • E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
    • E04B1/6815—Expansion elements specially adapted for wall or ceiling parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
    • E06B3/5427—Fixing of glass panes or like plates the panes mounted flush with the surrounding frame or with the surrounding panes

Definitions

  • This invention is related to forming and bonding seals between surfaces which move in relation to each other, such as panels in a building.
  • a common method makes use of a backer rod to fill the joint and shape the bottom of the seal, then extruding a silicone sealant into the joint to fill it from side to side over the top of the backer rod.
  • the sealant is then tooled to aid in shaping the top of the seal and to aid in forcing the sealant into contact with the sides of the joint.
  • the sealant then cures over time to an elastomer which is bonded to the surface it was in contact with at the time it cured.
  • a pavement expansion joint is shown in United States Patent Number 3,829,228, issued August 13, 1974, to Miyazaki et al. in which a prefrabricated expansion joint seal is used.
  • a sealing means for breaches in architectural barriers is shown in United States Patent Number 4,237,667, issued December 9, 1980, to Pallucci et al. an expansion seal which is constructed of reinforced silicone rubber sheet stock material.
  • the sheet stock material is attached to the surface by means of clamps and a layer of adhesive such as silicone adhesive.
  • German Offellegungsschrift DE 31 31 677 Al published February 24, 1983, teaches adhesive joints for wall parts, especially for insulating glass panes.
  • a prior construction having a spacer between the panes and a surrounding space filled with an adhesive to hold the individual panes together is modified by the insertion of a profiled strip into the adhesive to serve as a strength bridge between the parts to be joined.
  • the thin layer of adhesive remaining between the profiled strip and the wall parts cures in a relatively short period of time.
  • a preferred material in an adhesive of uncured silicone rubber and a profiled strip material of an at least partially vulcanized silicone rubber with essentially the same chemical base is as the uncured silicone rubber of the adhesive.
  • This invention relates to a method of sealing joints that are subject to movement during the placement and cure of the sealant.
  • the method makes use of a preformed silicone elastomeric gasket shaped to extend from a first surface to be sealed to a second surface to be sealed, in combination with a thin layer of silicone adhesive between each surface to be sealed and the preformed silicone elastomeric gasket.
  • the silicone adhesive quickly cures because only a thin layer is used to bond the gasket to the surfaces.
  • the preformed gasket is shaped so as to compress or extend without excessive strain upon the bonded joint.
  • a method of forming a weathertight seal between surfaces which move in relation to each other comprising (A) placing a preformed silicone elastomeric gasket between the surfaces to be sealed, said gasket having silicone adhesive applied to the gasket surfaces which contact the surfaces to be sealed, or silicone adhesive being applied to the surfaces to be sealed which contact the gasket surfaces, in those areas in which there is contact between the surfaces to be sealed and the gasket surfaces, and (B) allowing the adhesive to cure to a permanent bond, to give a quickly curing, weather-tight seal which does not leak when subjected to movement of the surfaces in either a compressive or expansive direction.
  • One of the most common methods of sealing a gap between surfaces is the use of a sealant composition which is extruded into place to fill the gap to be sealed. After the gap is filled, the sealant is generally tooled to force it in contact with the sides of the gap so that it can adhere. The sealant is then allowed to cure in most cases.
  • the cured sealant is of an elastomeric nature so that it can expand and contract as the gap itself expands and contracts, due to changes in temperature, shrinkage of the materials making up the surfaces, vibrations and movements of the building itself, as due to settling, or even such things as seismic movements.
  • the size of the gap to be sealed is varying at a rapid rate, such as when night falls and the gap to be sealed has been in the full sun, it is difficult to get a proper seal; because the size of the gap is changing while the sealant is curing. If the gap widens after the sealant starts to cure, but before the sealant had developed adhesion to the surface, a space will form between the sealant and the surface. As the sealant continues to cure, the adhesion between the sealant and the surface is lost at that point.
  • the method of this invention is designed to be useful in situations such as this where the size of the gap to be sealed is changing during the period normally required for a sealant to cure, a time which is normally in the order of several hours at best.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-section of a gap between two pieces of material, for example, the expansion joint in a cement block building or the joint between two cement panels in a curtain-wall building construction.
  • the surfaces 1 and 2 form the gap to be sealed.
  • a preformed silicone elastomeric gasket 3 is selected that will fill the gap to be sealed so that the gasket is compressed slightly during insertion into the gap so that the gasket is held in place by friction with the walls of the gap.
  • the gasket is held in place by a silicone adhesive 4 between each surface and the gasket.
  • the silicone adhesive 4 can be either a pressure sensitive adhesive, a curing adhesive or a combination.
  • the silicone adhesive 4 must have sufficient adhesion to both the surfaces 1 and 2 and to the gasket 3 that when the gap expands due to shrinkage of the pieces having surfaces 1 and 2, the gasket 3 is stretched out to maintain a weather-tight seal between the surfaces without a loss of adhesion.
  • the adhesive When a silicone pressure sensitive adhesive is used, the adhesive would be applied to the edges of the gasket just before placement in the gap. At the time of application, the adhesive is a solvent solution and after application gives the edges of the gasket to which it is applied a slippery surface, allowing the gasket to be forced into the gap. Because the gasket is a silicone elastomer, the solvent quickly passes through the gasket and the adhesive develops a bond to the surfaces and the gasket and also develops a strength and elongation itself. This rapid development of adhesion and internal strength and elongation of the adhesive allows the gasket to be stretched and the adhesion preserved if the gap then widens due to thermal or mechanical stresses.
  • the adhesive can be either a one or two part adhesive.
  • a two part adhesive is used, the two parts are mixed and applied to the gasket or to the surfaces to be sealed or to both, then the gasket is forced into place.
  • the two part adhesive is chosen to have a short cure time after mixing so that the gasket is bonded to the surfaces before the surfaces have an opportunity to move away from the gasket, causing a loss of adhesion because the adhesive is not yet cured or bonded.
  • the adhesive be cured by reaction to water vapor in the air. Because the gasket being used is silicone elastomer, the gasket is very permeable to moisture vapor and the entire area of the adhesive is exposed to moisture through the gasket in a short period of time. Because only a thin layer of adhesive is used, the entire adhesive layer cures in a short period of time because the moisture does not have to penetrate and react with a large amount of material as is true when a conventional sealant is used to fill and seal a gap between panels.
  • a preferred one part silicone adhesive is any of the common silicone sealant materials that are used as sealants and caulks.
  • the type of cure system or the exact sealant chosen depends upon the surfaces to be sealed.
  • An adhesive is chosen which will provide a strong bond to the material making up the surfaces to be sealed.
  • the choice of the proper type of sealant for different types of substrates is well known in the art.
  • the preformed silicone elastomeric gasket 3 can be an extruded shape made from a heat curable silicone rubber, for example, as well as from a moisture curable silicone sealant or from a two part room temperature curable sealant or rubber. In any case, the material is extruded or shaped to the desired size and cured. The cured gasket is then used in this invention because the cured silicone rubber will allow the quick curing of the adhesive layer. The cured gasket is designed to exert little strain upon the curing or cured seal.
  • the silicone rubber or sealant is chosen to have a low modulus of elasticity so that when the surfaces 1 and 2 move relative to each other, the strain on the bonded surfaces is not excessive.
  • Figure 2 is a cross section of of a silicone gasket formed to create a minimum strain on the bonded joint between two blocks.
  • a preferred form of gasket 23 is a molded silicone rubber having a fabric layer reinforcement in the rubber.
  • the size and number of pleats in the gasket can be varied to change the amount of expansion and contraction the gasket can accommodate while placing only a minimum of strain on the adhesively bonded joints.
  • the adhesive 24 can be any of the types mentioned above. This construction is particularly adaptable to the use of a pressure sensitive adhesive in that the adhesive can be applied to the gasket surfaces and allowed to dry and develop its pressure sensitive characteristics.
  • the gasket is then installed by forcing the pressure sensitive adhesive coated surface into place against the wall of the gap to form a seal across the gap. Because the pressure sensitive adhesive gives rapid bonding to the surface, the gasket can bond to the surfaces rapidly so that if the surfaces are moving during sealing or shortly thereafter, it is still possible to get a good bond which is not destroyed by the fact that the surfaces move.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-section of a metal roof expansion joint covered with a preformed silicone elastomeric seal bonded to the roof with silicone adhesive.
  • the separate metal panels 31 and 32 are subject to movement as from thermal expansion and contraction due to exposure to the sun and then shade from clouds or night. On a hot summer day, with clouds passing by, the panels can expand and contract at a relatively rapid rate. If the panels were attempted to be sealed with a conventional sealant, applied as a bead between the two surfaces, the moving surfaces could very easily destroy the integrity of the seal while it was curing due to the movement of the two surfaces relative to each other during the cure period.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-section of a glass plate bonded to a metal mullion, as in the construction of a curtain wall building.
  • the glass plate 45 is held in contact with the mullion 41 through the preformed silicone gasket 43 and the adhesive layers 44.
  • a preferred method of constructing this joint extrudes a bead of silicone adhesive, preferably a moisture curable silicone adhesive, onto the surface of the mullion, than the preformed silicone elastomeric gasket 43 is pressed over the bead of adhesive to form a thin layer of adhesive bonding the gasket to the mullion.
  • a bead of silicone adhesive is then applied to the exposed surface of the gasket, and the glass plate 45 is forced into contact with the adhesive bead to form a thin layer of adhesive, bonding the glass plate to the gasket. If necessary, temporary holders are attached to the mullion spacer to hold the glass in place as the adhesive cures. Because the adhesive is present in a thin layer and because the silicone gasket is silicone and is permeable to gases, the adhesive layer quickly cures to form a bond between the mullion and the glass. This bond is formed even though the glass may move relative to the mullion because the layer of adhesive is thin and cures at a rapid rate. The elasticity of the gasket 43 also allows movement between the glass plate and mullion without applying large stresses to the adhesive joint.
  • the area of the gasket bonded to the mullion and to the glass is determined by the design strength required to hold the glass plate in place.
  • the thickness of the silicone rubber gasket is determined by the useful elongation of the gasket material and the amount of relative movement expected between the metal mullion and the glass plate due the temperature changes, building movements and wind loads.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-section of a split mullion having a glass plate bonded to each piece.
  • This is a variation of the application shown in Figure 4. This variation is particularly adopted to use in the shop prefabrication of panels for use in curtain wall construction.
  • Four split mullions are arranged in a rectangle in a shop on a horizontal surface so as to form a rectangle to enclose the glass plate.
  • a bead of silicone adhesive is applied to the mullion, the gasket 53 is forced into place, forming a thin adhesive layer 54, then a bead of adhesive is applied to the gasket and the glass plate 55 is forced into place, forming the other thin layer of adhesive 54.
  • the method is particularly useful, not because of movement of the surfaces during cure, but because the rapid cure of the adhesive, due to the thin layer and the porosity of the silicone gasket, allows the assembly to be removed from the assembly area in a short period of time and allows application of the assembly to the building without a lengthy time for curing of the adhesive.
  • Conventional construction of this type using a spacer and an area of sealant to bond the glass plate in place provide sufficient thickness and area to allow for all the necessary movement and loads, requires a cure period of from 14 to 21 days before the assembly can be applied to the building. In a large application, such as a skyscraper, this requires a large area for the storage and inventory of the assemblies during the cure period. With the instant method, the assembly needs only to cure for a period such as two days before it is placed on the building.
  • a silicone sealant has the required physical properties to function in the application
  • the sealant is placed in a form the desired size and allowed to cure, then is removed from the form to give the preformed silicone gasket.
  • the same silicone sealant is then used as the silicone adhesive in the construction of the assembly as discussed above.
  • the cured product is essentially the same as that obtained in the previous method, except the assembly cures to a useful unit in a short period of time as the long period of time required for the preformed gasket to cure is not part of the assembly cure time.
  • the split mullion assemblies are cured, they are placed on the building and fastened into place, as by bolting or riveting. The space between the mullion halves is then sealed in the conventional manner as shown at 57.
  • the seals 56 are formed of conventional sealant either in the shop or after assembly on the building.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
EP87308710A 1986-10-01 1987-10-01 Verfahren zur Herstellung wetterfester Dichtungen Withdrawn EP0262968A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US91391686A 1986-10-01 1986-10-01
US913916 1986-10-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0262968A2 true EP0262968A2 (de) 1988-04-06
EP0262968A3 EP0262968A3 (de) 1989-05-31

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ID=25433721

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87308710A Withdrawn EP0262968A3 (de) 1986-10-01 1987-10-01 Verfahren zur Herstellung wetterfester Dichtungen

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0262968A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS6389756A (de)
CA (1) CA1301438C (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0529546A1 (de) * 1991-08-22 1993-03-03 Dow Corning Corporation Klebeband aus härtbarem Silikon-Haftkleber
WO1996026332A1 (en) * 1995-02-21 1996-08-29 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fire barrier protected dynamic joint
CN115306263A (zh) * 2022-07-21 2022-11-08 广州集泰化工股份有限公司 一种尼龙隔热条粘接系统及其制备方法与应用

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3829228A (en) * 1971-12-27 1974-08-13 Ishii Civil Eng Pavement expansion joint and joint seal
DE3131677A1 (de) * 1981-08-11 1983-02-24 Perennatorwerk Alfred Hagen Gmbh, 6200 Wiesbaden Klebeverbindung an wandungsteilen

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3829228A (en) * 1971-12-27 1974-08-13 Ishii Civil Eng Pavement expansion joint and joint seal
DE3131677A1 (de) * 1981-08-11 1983-02-24 Perennatorwerk Alfred Hagen Gmbh, 6200 Wiesbaden Klebeverbindung an wandungsteilen

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BETON- UND STAHLBETONBAU. June 1974, pages A15, A16, Berlin, DE; LECHLER CHEMIE GMBH: "Fugendichten mit neuen Produkten". *
DAS BAUZENTRUM-SEMINAR, BAUTECHNISCHE ERFAHRUNGEN MIT KUNSTSTOFFEN. vol. 7, May 1972, pages 59-71, Darmstadt, DE; H. GOETZE: "Fugendichtung, Fassaden-Impr{gnierung". *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0529546A1 (de) * 1991-08-22 1993-03-03 Dow Corning Corporation Klebeband aus härtbarem Silikon-Haftkleber
US5300171A (en) * 1991-08-22 1994-04-05 Dow Corning Corporation Curable silicone pressure sensitive adhesive tape and bonding method employing same
WO1996026332A1 (en) * 1995-02-21 1996-08-29 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fire barrier protected dynamic joint
US5765332A (en) * 1995-02-21 1998-06-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fire barrier protected dynamic joint
CN115306263A (zh) * 2022-07-21 2022-11-08 广州集泰化工股份有限公司 一种尼龙隔热条粘接系统及其制备方法与应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0262968A3 (de) 1989-05-31
JPS6389756A (ja) 1988-04-20
CA1301438C (en) 1992-05-26

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