EP0261462B1 - Brûleur à tube radiant pourvu d'un lit de catalyseur pour four de traitement thermique - Google Patents

Brûleur à tube radiant pourvu d'un lit de catalyseur pour four de traitement thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0261462B1
EP0261462B1 EP87112805A EP87112805A EP0261462B1 EP 0261462 B1 EP0261462 B1 EP 0261462B1 EP 87112805 A EP87112805 A EP 87112805A EP 87112805 A EP87112805 A EP 87112805A EP 0261462 B1 EP0261462 B1 EP 0261462B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
burner
radiant
radiant tube
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87112805A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0261462A3 (en
EP0261462A2 (fr
Inventor
Reinhard Dipl.-Ing. Strigl
Andreas Dipl.-Ing. Dey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to AT87112805T priority Critical patent/ATE60366T1/de
Publication of EP0261462A2 publication Critical patent/EP0261462A2/fr
Publication of EP0261462A3 publication Critical patent/EP0261462A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0261462B1 publication Critical patent/EP0261462B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D99/0035—Heating indirectly through a radiant surface
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/52—Methods of heating with flames
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
    • C21D1/763—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere using a catalyst

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiant tube burner for furnaces for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces under the action of a treatment gas, which is generated by catalytic conversion of a feed gas, with a jacket tube which has gas outlet openings at its end, a inner tube arranged coaxially at a distance from the jacket tube, in which at least a burner tube and an air supply tube are arranged, and with a catalyst bed which at least partially fills the space between the jacket tube and the inner tube.
  • Radiant tube burners of this type are frequently used in heat treatment furnaces which are already equipped with simple radiant tube burners which are used exclusively for heating, one or some of these simple radiant tube burners being replaced by such special radiant tube burners.
  • a known, such special jet tube burner in which a protective gas for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces, e.g. is produced for gas carburizing, bright hardening or carbonitriding, has the construction described at the outset and also has thermal insulation that acts against the interior of the furnace. This heat insulation is applied to the outside of the radiant tube burner and thereby increases its cross-sectional area. Its purpose is to prevent the protective gas generation from being adversely affected by different furnace temperatures (DE-OS 27 58 024).
  • the heat treatment of metallic workpieces under the action of a treatment gas can only be carried out successfully if the composition of the treatment gas fed to the furnace is optimally adapted to the respective type of heat treatment at any time.
  • the treatment gas e.g. can consist essentially of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and nitrogen
  • a feed gas e.g. a natural gas-air mixture
  • the composition of the treatment gas is essentially determined by the composition of the feed gas and by the temperature prevailing in the catalyst bed. Both influencing factors therefore require precise regulation, which has not yet been satisfactorily achieved.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving the jet tube burner of the type described at the outset in such a way that precise regulation of the composition of the treatment gas is possible without significant structural outlay.
  • At least one burner tube is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the jet tube burner.
  • the displaceability of at least one burner tube according to the invention creates a possibility of regulating the temperature distribution in the catalyst bed and thus the composition of the treatment gas with surprising accuracy.
  • the temperature prevailing there and influenced by the fluctuating furnace temperature is measured via a temperature sensor arranged in the catalyst bed and fed to a control unit. If the temperature in the catalyst bed deviates from the target temperature, e.g.
  • the burner tube which is stored in a fabric bushing, is pushed forwards or backwards by a motor until the desired temperature is reached.
  • the jet tube burner according to the invention can achieve an accuracy of the composition of the treatment gas required in each case, which was not possible with the previously known methods.
  • the jet tube burner according to the invention has only one burner tube, it is advantageous if the burner tube is arranged along the longitudinal axis of the jet tube burner, the air supply tube coaxially surrounds the burner tube and the space between the inner tube and the air supply tube is provided for the removal of the burner exhaust gas.
  • the idea underlying the invention of the displaceability of the burner tubes for the special case of a single burner tube is specified in a particularly simple manner.
  • a particularly precise regulation of the composition of the treatment gas can be achieved with a radiant tube burner according to the invention with a plurality of burner tubes if the burner tubes are arranged on an imaginary cylinder surface coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the radiant tube burner, the air guide tube coaxially surrounds the imaginary cylinder surface at least partially and an exhaust pipe along the longitudinal axis of the radiant tube burner is arranged within the imaginary cylinder surface.
  • the maximum of the thermal energy can always be supplied to the catalyst bed at the point where it is currently needed. This is of particular importance because the catalytic conversion of the feed gas in the catalyst bed is initially exothermic and only becomes endothermic in the further course, i.e. the supply of thermal energy can be concentrated primarily on the endothermic area.
  • jet tube burner according to the invention is that the inner tube has bores which connect the interior of the inner tube through the wall of the inner tube with the space between the jacket tube and the inner tube.
  • jet tube burners with a catalyst bed can be operated not only with a fuel gas-air mixture as feed gas, but also with a mixture of these components with burner exhaust gas.
  • the composition of the treatment gas can be determined on the one hand by the composition of the feed gas and on the other hand, due to the high temperature of the burner exhaust gas, the temperature can be regulated.
  • the amount of the burner exhaust gas to be fed to the feed gas is advantageously controlled via a valve arranged in the exhaust pipe of the jet pipe burner, through which the burner exhaust gas can be throttled.
  • the holes in the wall of the inner tube either open directly into the catalyst bed or, in the case of jet tube burners with a shortened catalyst bed, into the space between the jacket tube and the inner tube that is not filled with catalyst. In special cases, both arrangements can also be provided.
  • a particularly good heat transfer from the burner chamber into the catalyst bed is achieved if the burner tube or the burner tubes have swirl nozzles at their end, since this causes the burner flame and the burner exhaust gas to be swirled strongly by rotation.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the jet tube burner according to the invention consists in that the jacket tube is at least partially surrounded on the outside by an air-filled space which is circular in cross-section.
  • the additional covering of the catalyst bed with an air-filled space acts as thermal insulation against the hot furnace atmosphere.
  • this additional space can be designed as part of the air supply to the burner space and thus enables special combustion air preheating.
  • the radiant tube burner according to the invention also has significant structural advantages, since it can be installed in a simple manner in all furnaces which are already operated with normal radiant tube burners for heating purposes.
  • This advantage is achieved in that a jacket tube of an already existing, simple jet tube burner serving for heating purposes is used as the jacket tube for the jet pipe burner according to the invention. Due to this design of the radiant tube burner according to the invention, which touches on its construction, which is rationally thought through in all variants, it becomes possible to keep an already existing casing tube of one of the simple radiant tube burners of a furnace used for heating as a casing tube and all other parts in the manner of a smaller, complete special radiant tube burner to be installed in the casing pipe. It is therefore not necessary with the radiant tube burner according to the invention to enlarge the openings already present in the furnace wall.
  • a jacket tube 4 is installed in the brick wall 1 of a heat treatment furnace via a support tube 2 on the one hand and a holder 3 on the other hand, and forms the outer casing of a jet tube burner according to the invention.
  • the casing tube 4 can be a casing tube of a radiant tube burner for heating purposes, as is already available in large numbers in furnaces of this type. This has the advantage that the radiant tube burner according to the invention can be installed in the manner of a small, complete, special radiant tube burner without any particular design effort, in particular without enlarging the passage opening in the wall 1 of the furnace.
  • a burner tube 7 is arranged along the longitudinal axis of the jet pipe burner, which has a nozzle 8 at its end.
  • the space between the jacket tube 4 and the inner tube 5 is filled with a catalyst bed 9 up to a grid 10 and connected to a feed 11 for the feed gas, from which the treatment gas is generated by catalytic reaction in the catalyst bed 9.
  • the intermediate space between the casing tube 4 and the inner tube 5 can be completely or partially filled with the catalyst bed 9.
  • the catalyst bed 9 can consist of a specific catalyst or of mixtures or layers of different catalysts.
  • the treatment gas leaves the catalyst bed 9 through gas outlet openings 12 which are attached to the end of the casing tube 4 and in inside the oven.
  • the interior of the air supply pipe 6 is connected to an air supply 13 and the burner pipe 7 to a burner gas supply 14.
  • the space between the inner tube 5 and the air supply 6 serves as exhaust gas discharge and is therefore connected at its end to an exhaust pipe 15.
  • a temperature sensor 16 in which a thermocouple for sensing the temperature in the catalyst bed 9 is slidably housed, and an analysis tube 17 with which the composition of the gas outlet openings 12 exits into the furnace chamber Treatment gas can be monitored.
  • the burner tube 7 is in a fabric bushing 18 along the longitudinal axis of the jet tube burner, e.g. with the help of a motor, not shown, arranged displaceably, which is indicated in the figure by the dashed lines at 7a.
  • a motor not shown
  • the heat of the flame burning in the area of the nozzle 8 can be used in a targeted manner at that point of the catalyst bed 9 where it is optimally used with regard to the desired composition of the treatment gas.
  • Bores 19 are provided in the wall of the inner tube 5, which connect the intermediate space between the inner tube 5 and the air supply tube 6 with the intermediate space between the inner tube 5 and the jacket tube 4, which is partially filled with the catalyst bed 9.
  • Burner exhaust gas can be mixed into the treatment gas through the bores 19 and the composition thereof can thus be changed in a targeted manner.
  • heat is supplied to both the catalyst bed 9 and the furnace itself, which can reduce the heating costs of the furnace.
  • the bores 19 partly open directly into the catalyst bed 9, partly even into the empty space in front of it.
  • an exhaust gas valve 20 with a pressure monitor 21 is provided in the exhaust gas line 15, which is in operative connection with the analysis tube 17, for example.
  • the jet tube burner shown is operated with natural gas, which is also part of the feed gas for the production of the treatment gas.
  • the ratio of natural gas to air for the burner is 1:10 to 1:20, while this ratio for the feed gas is precisely regulated between 1: 2.1 to 1: 2.6. If, as provided in accordance with the invention, this regulation takes place via an admixture of burner exhaust gas through the bores 19, a separate regulation of the composition of the feed gas introduced through the feed 11 can be omitted.
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the jet tube burner according to the invention, which differs from that of FIG. 1 essentially in that instead of a single burner tube 7 (FIG. 1), several burner tubes 37 (FIG. 2) are provided, two of which are shown in the figure 2 are shown.
  • the burner tubes 37 which are arranged on an imaginary cylinder surface coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the radiant tube burner, are each displaceable in the stuffing boxes 48 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the radiant tube burner according to the invention, which is indicated by the dashed lines at 37a.
  • the air is supplied via an air supply tube 36 which surrounds the burner tubes 37 to close to its end, while the burner exhaust gas is removed via a separate exhaust pipe 52, which runs along the longitudinal axis of the radiant tube burner is arranged within the imaginary cylinder surface on which the burner tubes 37 lie.
  • the nozzles seated on the burner tubes 37 are designed as swirl nozzles 38, which cause a strong swirling of the burner flame and the burner exhaust gas.
  • the influencing of the composition of the treatment gas by passing burner exhaust gas through the openings 19 in the inner tube 5 can be further varied in this embodiment in that some of the openings 19 are provided at a location on the inner tube 5 which is wholly or partly still in terms of flow unused combustion air lies, ie
  • hot air can also be added to the feed gas.
  • This measure allows the partial pressure of carbon dioxide and water vapor in the catalytic bed 9 to be increased, which leads to a greater catalyst yield and increases the temperature in the endothermic reaction zone.
  • the catalyst bed 9 can also be operated at a low furnace temperature.
  • FIG. 3 A further embodiment of the jet tube burner according to the invention is indicated in FIG. 3, all special components, which are shown and explained in detail in FIGS. 1 and 2, being omitted.
  • the casing tube 4 is surrounded by a space 60 with an annular cross section through which air flows from the entry point 61 to the exit point 62.
  • This air envelope in space 60 acts on the one hand as thermal insulation from the interior of the furnace and on the other hand, if it is part of the supply for the combustion air, as a preheating space for the latter.
  • Another advantage of this embodiment of the jet tube burner according to the invention is that the temperature in the catalyst bed 9 drops because it is cooled by the cold combustion air. This makes the temperature more even over the length and the material stress less. Instead of air, fuel gas can also be passed through the preheating.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Brûleur à tube radiant pour fours servant au traitement thermique de pièces métalliques, sous l'action d'un gaz de traitement qui est produit par transformation catalytique d'un gaz de départ, comportant une enveloppe tubulaire qui présente à son extrémité des orifices de sortie de gaz, un tube intérieur, coaxial à l'enveloppe tubulaire, mais décalé par rapport à celle-ci, et dans lequel sont disposés au moins un tube de brûleur et un tube d'alimentation en air, ainsi qu'un lit de catalyseur qui remplit au moins partiellement l'espace intermédiaire entre l'enveloppe tubulaire et le tube intérieur, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un tube (7, 37) de brûleur peut être déplacé en translation dans le sens longitudinal du brûleur à tube radiant.
2. Brûleur à tube radiant selon la revendication 1, comportant un tube de brûleur, caractérisé en ce que le tube (7) de brûleur est disposé le long de l'axe longitudinal du brûleur à tube radiant, en ce que le tube (6) d'alimentation en air entoure et est coaxial au tube (7) de brûleur et en ce que l'espace intermédiaire entre le tube intérieur (5) et le tube (6) d'alimentation en air est prévu pour l'évacuation des gaz brûlés du brûleur.
3. Brûleur à tube radiant selon la revendication 1, comportant plusieurs tubes de brûleur, caractérisé en ce que les tubes (37) de brûleur sont disposés sur une surface cylindrique fictive, coaxiaux à l'axe longitudinal du brûleur à tube radiant, en ce que le tube (36) d'alimentation en air entoure au moins partiellement la surface cylindrique fictive et lui est coaxial et en ce qu'un tube (52) d'évacuation de gaz brûlés est disposé le long de l'axe longitudinal du brûleur à tube radiant à l'intérieur de la surface cylindrique fictive.
4. Brûleur à tube radiant selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le tube intérieur (5) présente des alésages (19) qui relient l'espace intérieur du tube intérieur (5), en traversant la paroi du tube intérieur 5, à l'espace intermédiaire situé entre l'enveloppe tubulaire (4) et le tube intérieur (5).
5. Brûleur à tube radiant selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une valve (20) pour gaz brûlés est disposée dans le conduit (15) d'évacuation de gaz brûlés qui sort du brûleur à tube radiant.
6. Brûleur à tube radiant selon les revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le lit (9) de catalyseur ne remplit que partiellement l'espace intermédiaire situé entre l'enveloppe tubulaire (4) et le tube intérieur (5) et en ce que les alésages (19) du tube intérieur (5) débouchent dans la partie de l'espace intermédiaire vide de catalyseur et/ou dans la partie remplie de ce dernier.
7. Brûleur à tube radiant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le tube (7) de brûleur, ou les tubes (37) de brûleur présentent à leurs extrémités des buses présentant des brilles (38).
8. Brûleur à tube radiant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe tubulaire (4) est entourée au moins partiellement, de son côté extérieur, par un espace (60) de section transversale en forme d'anneau circulaire rempli d'air.
9. Four de traitement thermique comportant un ou plusieurs brûleurs à tube radiant selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le ou les brûleurs à tube radiant possèdent les mêmes enveloppes tubulaires (4) que les bruleurs à tube radiant servant au chauffage du four.
EP87112805A 1986-09-25 1987-09-02 Brûleur à tube radiant pourvu d'un lit de catalyseur pour four de traitement thermique Expired - Lifetime EP0261462B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87112805T ATE60366T1 (de) 1986-09-25 1987-09-02 Strahlrohrbrenner mit katalysatorbett fuer waermebehandlungsoefen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863632577 DE3632577A1 (de) 1986-09-25 1986-09-25 Strahlrohrbrenner mit katalysatorbett fuer waermebehandlungsoefen
DE3632577 1986-09-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0261462A2 EP0261462A2 (fr) 1988-03-30
EP0261462A3 EP0261462A3 (en) 1988-07-27
EP0261462B1 true EP0261462B1 (fr) 1991-01-23

Family

ID=6310325

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87112805A Expired - Lifetime EP0261462B1 (fr) 1986-09-25 1987-09-02 Brûleur à tube radiant pourvu d'un lit de catalyseur pour four de traitement thermique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0261462B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE60366T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3632577A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2020979B3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3942810A1 (de) * 1989-12-23 1991-06-27 Linde Ag Verfahren zur bereitstellung und verteilung von behandlungsgas bei waermebehandlungen
DE4016183A1 (de) * 1990-05-19 1991-11-21 Linde Ag Verfahren zur verbesserten bereitstellung von behandlungsgas bei waermebehandlungen
DE4427507C1 (de) * 1994-08-03 1995-06-01 Linde Ag Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung, insbesondere Aufkohlung, metallischer Werkstücke
FR2791419B1 (fr) * 1999-03-25 2001-05-04 Sunkiss Aeronautique Equipement d'emission surfacique d'un rayonnement infra-rouge, du type tunnel, comportant des dispositifs de combustion catalytique
DE102008029001B3 (de) 2008-06-20 2009-09-17 Ipsen International Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstoffen
DE102009038598B4 (de) 2009-08-26 2017-06-22 Ipsen International Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Prozessgasen für Wärmebehandlungen von metallischen Werkstoffen/Werkstücken in Industrieöfen

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1231064A (fr) * 1959-02-23 1960-09-26 Fours Ripoche Tube radiant pour fours
FR2115558A5 (en) * 1970-11-24 1972-07-07 Bark Semen Radiant furnace tube - of gas-fired, closed construction - has improved burner to reduce sooting
GB1306773A (en) * 1971-04-14 1973-02-14 Vnii Elektrotermicheskogo Obor Apparatus for preparing a controlled exothermic atmosphere
DD131292A1 (de) * 1977-03-28 1978-06-14 Arnd Mueller Einrichtung zur schutzgaserzeugung im ofenraum
JPS61516A (ja) * 1984-06-12 1986-01-06 Toyo Rokougiyou Kk 雰囲気ガス発生装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0261462A3 (en) 1988-07-27
EP0261462A2 (fr) 1988-03-30
DE3632577A1 (de) 1988-05-05
ATE60366T1 (de) 1991-02-15
ES2020979B3 (es) 1991-10-16
DE3767626D1 (de) 1991-02-28

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