EP0256451A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la production d'un mélange gazeux inflammable de combustible liquide, de vapeur d'eau et d'air de combustion - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la production d'un mélange gazeux inflammable de combustible liquide, de vapeur d'eau et d'air de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0256451A1
EP0256451A1 EP87111466A EP87111466A EP0256451A1 EP 0256451 A1 EP0256451 A1 EP 0256451A1 EP 87111466 A EP87111466 A EP 87111466A EP 87111466 A EP87111466 A EP 87111466A EP 0256451 A1 EP0256451 A1 EP 0256451A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
water
evaporator
combustion air
combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87111466A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0256451B1 (fr
Inventor
Siegfried Dr. Förster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
Original Assignee
Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
Kernforschungsanlage Juelich GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Kernforschungsanlage Juelich GmbH filed Critical Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
Publication of EP0256451A1 publication Critical patent/EP0256451A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0256451B1 publication Critical patent/EP0256451B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F23D11/441—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners
    • F23D11/448—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners heated by electrical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F23D11/441—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners
    • F23D11/443—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners heated by the main burner flame

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a combustible gas mixture from fuel vapor, water vapor and combustion air by vaporizing the liquid fuel and mixing it with combustion air.
  • the object of the invention is to produce a combustible gas mixture by vaporizing liquid fuel, without obtaining residues in the evaporation space from cracking products which settle out or long-chain hydrocarbons.
  • the fuel should also be completely vaporizable while avoiding changes in its chemical consistency.
  • the Fuel / water-vapor mixture vaporizes an amount of water that is three to four times greater than the amount of fuel to be vaporized, claim 2.
  • This optimal ratio has a lower limit because the water vapor, as a heat carrier for vaporizing the same amount of fuel, must have a higher temperature, the less water vapor is used. At higher temperatures, however, there is a risk of the fuel cracking.
  • the upper limit for the amount of water results from the ignition limit of the gas mixture formed from water vapor / fuel vapor and combustion air.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention consists in that the fuel is evaporated in superheated steam.
  • water vapor is thus first generated and overheated and then fuel is introduced into the hot water vapor, the heat of vaporization for the fuel being predominantly supplied by the water vapor.
  • the fuel is preferably introduced into water vapor heated to approximately 400 ° C., claim 4.
  • the combustion air is expediently introduced into the fuel / water / vapor mixture formed in a preheated state. In order to maintain the temperature of the fuel / water / steam mixture and to avoid condensation of fuel or water before the combustible gas mixture is formed, the combustion air is heated to its temperature before being added to the steam mixture.
  • combustion or exhaust gas For heating and evaporation of water and fuel is preferably used according to claim 6 combustion or exhaust gas, which arises during the combustion of the combustible mixture produced.
  • the energy required for water vapor formation is recovered by cooling the combustion or exhaust gases after heating up water and fuel with further heat emission, for example in a boiler, to below the dew point of the water vapor contained in them.
  • a device which has an evaporator for liquid fuel and a downstream mixing chamber for generating a combustible gas mixture is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the mixing chamber is provided with a supply for combustion air.
  • the combustible gas mixture is introduced into a combustion chamber from the mixing chamber.
  • Essential to the invention is the design of the device with an evaporator for water and fuel, which is connected upstream of the mixing chamber and the output of which is connected to a fuel / water steam line which opens into the mixing chamber for generating the combustible gas mixture.
  • the evaporator has a first evaporator area, which serves exclusively for water evaporation, and a downstream second evaporator area, through which water vapor flows, which was generated in the first area and into which the fuel evaporates.
  • the surface serving for fuel evaporation is to be dimensioned such that its temperature is only slightly above the desired temperature for the fuel / water / vapor mixture, so that no temperature occurs in the fuel which leads to the formation of cracked products in the fuel.
  • the evaporator is expediently heated by heating gas.
  • the heating gas used is preferably combustion or exhaust gas which arises from the combustion of the combustible gas mixture generated in the device from fuel vapor, water vapor and combustion air. It can also be exhaust gases that occur when the gas mixture generated is burned in an internal combustion engine, because the engine exhaust gases can also be used as heating gases.
  • the heat energy required for heating water and fuel is set via a bypass for the heating gas and a flow regulator arranged in the bypass, with which the amount of heating gas flowing through and the amount of heating gas directed to the evaporator is regulated. Overheating of the fuel to be evaporated in the evaporator can thus be avoided by opening the bypass.
  • the evaporator is designed to be electrically heatable.
  • the preheating chamber can be heated by heating gas in the same way as the evaporator chamber and in the event that no heating gas is available - or still not available -, electrically heated.
  • the preheating chamber is expediently arranged within the evaporator in order to be able to use heating gas or electrical heating for heating both chambers.
  • This arrangement of the preheating chamber within the evaporator also leads to a very compact design of the device according to the invention with optimal utilization of the thermal energy carried by the heating gas or given off by the electric heater.
  • a cylindrical device with a tubular chamber wall 1 is shown in the drawing.
  • a combustion chamber 2 into which the combustible gas mixture of fuel vapor, water vapor and combustion air generated in a mixing chamber 3 enters the combustion chamber 2 via a flame holder 5 via a flame holder 5.
  • the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is fed to an evaporator 6, which is used to generate the fuel / water / steam mixture.
  • the evaporator is formed by a tube coil, the first evaporator region 7 of which is laid in the region of the chamber wall 1. In this evaporator area, water is evaporated and overheated.
  • the first evaporator area 7 is followed by a second evaporator area 8, the evaporator tubes in the exemplary embodiment have a smaller radius of curvature than the evaporator tubes of the first evaporator area and which is therefore, viewed from the chamber wall 1, is laid further inward inside the evaporator than the evaporator area 7.
  • the first evaporator area 7 has a water inlet 9 into which the water to be evaporated flows into the evaporator.
  • the fuel is introduced into the second evaporator area 8 via a fuel feed 10, which opens at 11 in the evaporator area 8.
  • the liquid fuel in the fuel supply 10 is slightly preheated.
  • the fuel evaporates into the water vapor generated in the first evaporator area 7.
  • the fuel / water / steam mixture formed in this way in the evaporator 6 flows out of the second evaporator area 8 via a fuel / water / steam line 12 which opens into the mixture space 4.
  • the required combustion air is drawn in by a fan 13 and flows via a combustion air line 14 into a preheating chamber 15, which in the exemplary embodiment is arranged centrally in the evaporator 6 within the pipe coil forming the second evaporator region 8.
  • the preheating chamber 15 is closed on all sides and has a combustion air supply 16 leading to the mixture space 4 for discharging the preheated combustion air.
  • the fuel / water vapor line 12 and the Combustion air supply 16 a double tube, in the inner tube of which the fuel / water-vapor mixture is guided.
  • At the mouth of the double pipe there is a mixer 17 for the gas mixture of combustion air and fuel / water / steam mixture emerging at this point in the mixing chamber 4.
  • the mixer 17 is formed in the simplest manner in that the fuel / water vapor line 12 is closed on its end face 18 and has lateral outlet openings 19 through which the fuel / water / vapor mixture emerges for the fuel / water / vapor mixture to exit flows into the combustion air guided in the combustion air supply 16 of the double pipe.
  • a bypass 20 leads from the combustion chamber 2 to the heating gas outlet 21 of the evaporator 6.
  • a flow controller 22 there is a throttle valve in the bypass 20, by means of which the partial amount of the heating gas flowing in the bypass and so that the amount of heating gas flowing around the evaporator 6 is adjustable.
  • the evaporator can be heated with heating gas generated elsewhere, which is supplied to the evaporator 6 via a feed line 23 flows.
  • the evaporator can also be heated electrically.
  • An electrical heater 24 laid in a heat-conducting connection to the coil of the evaporator is used for this purpose so arranged that, in addition to the evaporator 6, the preheating chamber 15 is also heated for the combustion air.
  • An ignition device 25 is located in the combustion chamber for igniting the gas mixture entering the combustion chamber 2.
  • a combustible gas mixture was produced with commercially available heating oil in the device.
  • the heating oil was introduced into the evaporator area 8 in water vapor superheated to 400 ° C.
  • the water vapor was generated in the evaporator area 7 from demineralized water which flowed into the evaporator at room temperature.
  • the amount of water evaporated in the evaporator area 8 corresponded to three to four times the amount of heating oil introduced.
  • Combustion air was fed to the heating oil / water / steam mixture produced in a slightly over-stoichiometric ratio to the heating oil.
  • the combustible gas mixture generated flowed from the mixing chamber through the flame holder 5 into the combustion chamber 2 and was ignited here. In the steady state, the temperature in the combustion chamber was approx. 1300 ° C. At this temperature, the combustion gas was introduced into the evaporator.
  • the combustion gas is passed from the heating gas outlet 21 into a heat exchanger in order to release its thermal energy. It can be cooled down to below the dew point of the water vapor carried along.
  • liquid fuels such as gasoline or other combustible crude oil products or, for example, distillates from coal or brown coal tars can also be used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
EP87111466A 1986-08-08 1987-08-07 Procédé et dispositif pour la production d'un mélange gazeux inflammable de combustible liquide, de vapeur d'eau et d'air de combustion Expired EP0256451B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863626933 DE3626933A1 (de) 1986-08-08 1986-08-08 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung eines brennbaren gasgemisches aus fluessigem brennstoff, wasserdampf und verbrennungsluft
DE3626933 1986-08-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0256451A1 true EP0256451A1 (fr) 1988-02-24
EP0256451B1 EP0256451B1 (fr) 1989-12-06

Family

ID=6306964

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87111466A Expired EP0256451B1 (fr) 1986-08-08 1987-08-07 Procédé et dispositif pour la production d'un mélange gazeux inflammable de combustible liquide, de vapeur d'eau et d'air de combustion

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0256451B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6396410A (fr)
DE (2) DE3626933A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0409189A2 (fr) * 1989-07-20 1991-01-23 Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh Evaporateur de combustible pour produire un mélange gazeux de vapeur d'eau surchauffée et le combustible liquide ainsi évaporé
EP0895025A1 (fr) 1997-07-29 1999-02-03 Patrick Collignon Procédé de combustion et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
CN108915909A (zh) * 2018-06-04 2018-11-30 湖南吉利汽车部件有限公司 一种甲醇裂解器

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3920206A1 (de) * 1989-06-21 1991-01-10 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Verfahren zum betreiben eines heizkessels, dem als brennstoffe oel oder gas dienen, und heizkessel zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE102011084902B3 (de) * 2011-10-20 2013-02-28 Norbert Kuhl Verfahren und vorrichtung zur fluiderwärmung durch verbrennung kohlenstoffbasierter brennstoffe
CN105823040B (zh) * 2016-05-23 2018-11-06 葛士群 具有外置裂解管的高温裂解燃烧器

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE363181C (de) * 1920-04-29 1922-11-06 Samuel Biddison Verfahren zur Herstellung eines brennbaren Gases aus Wasserdampf und Daempfen von OEl
FR561946A (fr) * 1922-02-16 1923-10-30 Perfectionnements apportés aux brûleurs à hydrocarbures et autres combustibles analogues
GB219851A (en) * 1923-11-05 1924-08-07 Michael Guss Delaney Improvements in apparatus for burning liquid fuel
US1719397A (en) * 1923-12-07 1929-07-02 William A Edwards Fuel-feeding system for furnaces
US1846833A (en) * 1928-03-24 1932-02-23 Edward O Benjamin Apparatus for generating gas from liquid hydrocarbons
DE2807922A1 (de) * 1974-11-12 1979-08-30 Anton Lurz Verdampferbrenner
US4262482A (en) * 1977-11-17 1981-04-21 Roffe Gerald A Apparatus for the premixed gas phase combustion of liquid fuels
US4289475A (en) * 1977-01-05 1981-09-15 Selas Corporation Of America Steam vaporization of oil
US4302177A (en) * 1976-03-26 1981-11-24 The M. W. Kellogg Company Fuel conversion apparatus and method

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE145085C (fr) *
US1006534A (en) * 1910-10-21 1911-10-24 James G Clark Crude-oil vaporizer and burner.
DE3122770C2 (de) * 1981-06-09 1985-03-14 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Einrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches durch Verdunsten von Brennstoff in vorgewärmte Verbrennungsluft

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE363181C (de) * 1920-04-29 1922-11-06 Samuel Biddison Verfahren zur Herstellung eines brennbaren Gases aus Wasserdampf und Daempfen von OEl
FR561946A (fr) * 1922-02-16 1923-10-30 Perfectionnements apportés aux brûleurs à hydrocarbures et autres combustibles analogues
GB219851A (en) * 1923-11-05 1924-08-07 Michael Guss Delaney Improvements in apparatus for burning liquid fuel
US1719397A (en) * 1923-12-07 1929-07-02 William A Edwards Fuel-feeding system for furnaces
US1846833A (en) * 1928-03-24 1932-02-23 Edward O Benjamin Apparatus for generating gas from liquid hydrocarbons
DE2807922A1 (de) * 1974-11-12 1979-08-30 Anton Lurz Verdampferbrenner
US4302177A (en) * 1976-03-26 1981-11-24 The M. W. Kellogg Company Fuel conversion apparatus and method
US4289475A (en) * 1977-01-05 1981-09-15 Selas Corporation Of America Steam vaporization of oil
US4262482A (en) * 1977-11-17 1981-04-21 Roffe Gerald A Apparatus for the premixed gas phase combustion of liquid fuels

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0409189A2 (fr) * 1989-07-20 1991-01-23 Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh Evaporateur de combustible pour produire un mélange gazeux de vapeur d'eau surchauffée et le combustible liquide ainsi évaporé
EP0409189A3 (en) * 1989-07-20 1991-05-02 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Fuel evaporator for producing a gaseous mixture of superheated water vapour and liquid fuel evaporated in this vapour
EP0895025A1 (fr) 1997-07-29 1999-02-03 Patrick Collignon Procédé de combustion et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
CN108915909A (zh) * 2018-06-04 2018-11-30 湖南吉利汽车部件有限公司 一种甲醇裂解器
CN108915909B (zh) * 2018-06-04 2020-01-31 湖南吉利汽车部件有限公司 一种甲醇裂解器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3626933C2 (fr) 1989-05-18
EP0256451B1 (fr) 1989-12-06
JPS6396410A (ja) 1988-04-27
DE3761108D1 (de) 1990-01-11
DE3626933A1 (de) 1988-02-18

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