EP0250312A1 - Method of making pinions of which the tooth-driving surfaces form a sharp-edged angle - Google Patents
Method of making pinions of which the tooth-driving surfaces form a sharp-edged angle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0250312A1 EP0250312A1 EP87401345A EP87401345A EP0250312A1 EP 0250312 A1 EP0250312 A1 EP 0250312A1 EP 87401345 A EP87401345 A EP 87401345A EP 87401345 A EP87401345 A EP 87401345A EP 0250312 A1 EP0250312 A1 EP 0250312A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- teeth
- tooth
- face
- pinion
- leading edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing pinions, the leading edge of the teeth forming a sharp edge angle.
- Sprockets of this type are, for example, used in the construction of gearboxes, the leading edge being constituted by the edge of the teeth which is directed towards, and which meshes with, another sprocket.
- These two pinions are relatively mobile and it is therefore important to form on the leading edge of the pinion considered a sharp edge angle allowing these two pinions to engage with each other during their relative displacement.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a solution to this problem and to this end relates to a method for producing pinions whose leading edge of the teeth forms a sharp edge angle, characterized in that a gable blank, the teeth of this blank are subjected to a first stamping operation having the effect of forming, on this leading edge, a first face inclined relative to to the axis XX of the tooth, this first face being secant from the median plane of the tooth to be obtained, the teeth are subjected to a second stamping operation having the effect of forming, on this leading edge, a second inclined face with respect to the axis and opposite with respect to the first, this second face being secant from the median plane of the tooth to be obtained and the teeth are finally subjected to a third stamping operation acting simultaneously on the first and second faces thus formed, in order to constitute the leading edge of the teeth delimited by two flat faces forming between them a sharp edge angle situated in the median plane of the tooth.
- the third stamping operation is followed by a fourth stamping operation involving the flanks of the teeth delimiting the inter-tooth zones in order to form flanks of the bodies oriented opposite the vertices at an angle. lively leading edges.
- the pinion is produced by a cutting operation, the leading edge at a sharp angle being produced on the face of the pinion opposite to the leading face during the cutting operation.
- the present invention therefore has for purpose the realization by stamping of a pinion whose leading edge of the teeth forms a sharp edge angle.
- This pinion 1 thus comprises teeth 2, the leading edge 3 of which is oriented towards a lateral face of the pinion, this leading edge being delimited (see FIG. 6) by two flat faces 4 and 5 inclined relative to the axis.
- the axis XX passing through the apex 6 of the tooth is, in this example, located in its median plane and the two faces 4 and 5 of identical inclination, are symmetrical one with respect to the other and form an angle "C".
- the first operation for making this pinion consists of cutting a blank (not shown) in a metal plate, this pinion blank having at its periphery blanks of teeth of generally parallelepiped shape.
- the metal plate has a rounded 7 on the leading edges of the cutting punch and the leading edge 3 of the teeth will be formed on the opposite face of the blank.
- the metal plate undergoes a rectification operation of the two faces 8 and 9 in order to form perfectly flat faces and of desired spacing, so that this blank thus rectified can favorably undergo the subsequent stamping operations .
- the first stamping operation consists (see FIG. 3) of forming a first inclined flat face 10 on the tooth blank, this stamping being such that this flat face 10 intersects, by its upper part, the axis XX of the teeth including their midplane.
- the teeth of the pinion then undergo a second stamping operation illustrated in FIG. 4, according to which a second face 11 is formed inclined with respect to the axis XX of the teeth, this face 11 being intersecting with this axis XX so that the apex 12 delimited by the two faces 10 and 11, is located on the side of the face 10.
- the face 10 is slightly displaced and deformed and takes a concave shape as shown at 101 in FIG. 4. This results from the operation of pushing back the metal located at 13, this metal being pushed, on the one hand, towards this face 10, on the other hand, towards the inside of the tooth to fill perfectly the hollowed out parts of the matrix used.
- the pinion then undergoes a third forging operation illustrated in FIG. 5, this third operation simultaneously involving the two faces 101 and 11 in order to form the two flat faces 4 and 5 of the leading edge 3 of the tooth and in order to refocus the edge 12 which becomes edge 6 located in the median plane of the tooth containing the axis XX.
- This edge 6 is at a sharp angle and this due to the successive preliminary operations illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 without which such a sharp edge could not be obtained.
- the pinion thus obtained provided with the desired leading edge may possibly undergo a complementary die-stamping operation, illustrated in FIG. 6, having the effect of forming draft angles D on the lateral faces 14 and 15 located opposite one on the other of the teeth, and delimiting between them the inter-tooth areas.
- these clearance angles D will be intended to compensate for any defects in the parallelism of the teeth of the pinions meshing with one another, taking account for example of the required clearances.
- each matrix has adapted male parts, delimited both the inter-tooth areas of the pinion and intended to hold the metal constituting these teeth during successive die-forging operations.
- the male parts of the dies delimiting the inter-tooth areas of the pinions are of reduced width from one operation to the following operation, in order to allow the introduction of the part into the matrix considered.
- leading edge 3 is located perpendicular to a lateral face of the pinion.
- any other inclination may be adopted depending on the type of gear to be produced, the edge of this leading edge also being able to be parallel to the axis of the pinion.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
- Gear Processing (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé pour la réalisation de pignons dont le bord d'attaque des dents forme un angle à arête vive.The invention relates to a method for producing pinions, the leading edge of the teeth forming a sharp edge angle.
Les pignons de ce type sont, par exemple, utilisés dans la construction de boîtes de vitesses, le bord d'attaque étant constitué par le bord des dents qui est dirigé vers, et qui engrène avec, un autre pignon. Ces deux pignons sont mobiles relativement et il est donc important de former sur le bord d'attaque du pignon considéré un angle à arête vive permettant à ces deux pignons de venir en prise l'un avec l'autre lors de leur déplacement relatif.Sprockets of this type are, for example, used in the construction of gearboxes, the leading edge being constituted by the edge of the teeth which is directed towards, and which meshes with, another sprocket. These two pinions are relatively mobile and it is therefore important to form on the leading edge of the pinion considered a sharp edge angle allowing these two pinions to engage with each other during their relative displacement.
Jusqu'à présent, ce genre de pignons est réalisé par usinage et sont donc très onéreux.So far, this kind of pinions is produced by machining and are therefore very expensive.
On a également tenté de réaliser ces pignons par matriçage mais cela sans succès car il a été jusqu'à présent impossible d'obtenir des pignons dont les faces du bord d'attaque forment entre elles un angle à arête vive.We have also tried to produce these pinions by die-forging, but that without success because it has so far been impossible to obtain pinions whose faces of the leading edge form between them a sharp edge angle.
La présente invention a pour but d'apporter une solution à ce problème et concerne à cet effet un procédé pour la réalisation de pignons dont le bord d'attaque des dents forme un angle à arête vive, caractérisé en ce que l'on réalise une ébauche de pignon, on soumet les dents de cette ébauche à une première opération de matriçage ayant pour effet de former, sur ce bord d'attaque,une première face inclinée par rapport à l'axe X-X de la dent, cette première face étant sécante du plan médian de la dent à obtenir, on soumet les dents à une seconde opération de matriçage ayant pour effet de former, sur ce bord d'attaque, une seconde face inclinée par rapport à l'axe et opposée par rapport à la première, cette seconde face étant sécante du plan médian de la dent à obtenir et on soumet enfin les dents à une troisième opération de matriçage agissant simultanément sur les première et seconde faces ainsi formées, afin de constituer le bord d'attaque des dents délimité par deux faces planes formant entre elles un angle à arête vive situé dans le plan médian de la dent.The object of the present invention is to provide a solution to this problem and to this end relates to a method for producing pinions whose leading edge of the teeth forms a sharp edge angle, characterized in that a gable blank, the teeth of this blank are subjected to a first stamping operation having the effect of forming, on this leading edge, a first face inclined relative to to the axis XX of the tooth, this first face being secant from the median plane of the tooth to be obtained, the teeth are subjected to a second stamping operation having the effect of forming, on this leading edge, a second inclined face with respect to the axis and opposite with respect to the first, this second face being secant from the median plane of the tooth to be obtained and the teeth are finally subjected to a third stamping operation acting simultaneously on the first and second faces thus formed, in order to constitute the leading edge of the teeth delimited by two flat faces forming between them a sharp edge angle situated in the median plane of the tooth.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la troisième opération de matriçage est suivie d'une quatrième opération de matriçage intéressant les flancs des dents délimitant les zones inter-dents afin de former des flancs des dépouilles orientées à l'opposé des sommets à angle vif des bords d'attaque.According to another characteristic of the invention, the third stamping operation is followed by a fourth stamping operation involving the flanks of the teeth delimiting the inter-tooth zones in order to form flanks of the bodies oriented opposite the vertices at an angle. lively leading edges.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le pignon est réalisé par une opération de découpage, le bord d'attaque à angle vif étant réalisé sur la face du pignon opposée à la face d'attaque lors de l'opération de découpage.According to another characteristic of the invention, the pinion is produced by a cutting operation, the leading edge at a sharp angle being produced on the face of the pinion opposite to the leading face during the cutting operation.
L'invention est représentée à titre d'exemples non limitatifs sur les dessins ci-joints dans lesquels :
- - la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'un pignon conforme à l'invention dont le bord d'attaque des dents forme un angle à arête vive,
- - la figure 2 est une coupe partielle suivant A-A de la figure 1,
- - les figures 3, 4, 5 et 6 sont des coupes d'une dent établies suivant A-A de la figure 1 et illustrant les opérations successives subies par cette dent au cours de la fabrication du pignon.
- FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a pinion according to the invention, the leading edge of the teeth forming an angle with a sharp edge,
- FIG. 2 is a partial section along AA of FIG. 1,
- - Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 are sections of a tooth established along AA of Figure 1 and illustrating the successive operations undergone by this tooth during the manufacture of the pinion.
La présente invention a, en conséquence, pour but la réalisation par matriçage d'un pignon dont le bord d'attaque des dents forme un angle à arête vive.The present invention therefore has for purpose the realization by stamping of a pinion whose leading edge of the teeth forms a sharp edge angle.
Ce pignon 1 comporte ainsi des dents 2 dont le bord d'attaque 3 est orienté vers une face latérale du pignon, ce bord d'attaque étant délimité (voir figure 6) par deux faces planes 4 et 5 inclinées par rapport à l'axe X-X de la dent et formant entre elles une arête vive 6. L'axe X-X passant par le sommet 6 de la dent est, dans cet exemple, situé dans son plan médian et les deux faces 4 et 5 d'inclinaison identique, sont symétriques l'une par rapport à l'autre et forment un angle "C".This pinion 1 thus comprises
La première opération pour la confection de ce pignon consiste à découper une ébauche (non représentée) dans une plaque de métal, cette ébauche de pignon présentant à sa périphérie des ébauches de dents de forme générale parallélépipédique.The first operation for making this pinion consists of cutting a blank (not shown) in a metal plate, this pinion blank having at its periphery blanks of teeth of generally parallelepiped shape.
Lors de cette opération de découpage fin, la plaque de métal présente un arrondi 7 sur les bords d'attaque du poinçon de découpage et le bord d'attaque 3 des dents sera formé sur la face opposée de l'ébauche. Après découpage fin de l'ébauche, celle-ci subit une opération de rectification des deux faces 8 et 9 afin de former des faces parfaitement planes et d'écartement désiré, de façon que cette ébauche ainsi rectifiée puisse subir favorablement les opérations ultérieures de matriçage.During this fine cutting operation, the metal plate has a rounded 7 on the leading edges of the cutting punch and the leading
La première opération de matriçage consiste (voir figure 3) à former une première face plane inclinée 10 sur l'ébauche de dent, ce matriçage étant tel que cette face plane 10 est sécante, par sa partie supérieure, de l'axe X-X des dents comprenant leur plan médian.The first stamping operation consists (see FIG. 3) of forming a first inclined
Les dents du pignon subissent alors une seconde opération de matriçage illustrée sur la figure 4, selon laquelle on forme une seconde face 11 inclinée par rapport à l'axe X-X des dents, cette face 11 étant sécante de cet axe X-X de façon que le sommet 12 délimité par les deux faces 10 et 11, soit situé du côté de la face 10. On remarquera que, au cours de cette opération de matriçage de la face 11, la face 10 est légèrement déplacée et déformée et prend une forme concave comme cela est représenté en 10₁ sur la figure 4. Cela résulte de l'opération de repoussage du métal situé en 13, ce métal étant repoussé, d'une part, vers cette face 10, d'autre part, vers l'intérieur de la dent pour combler parfaitement les parties évidées de la matrice utilisée.The teeth of the pinion then undergo a second stamping operation illustrated in FIG. 4, according to which a second face 11 is formed inclined with respect to the axis XX of the teeth, this face 11 being intersecting with this axis XX so that the
Le pignon subit ensuite une troisième opération de matriçage illustrée sur la figure 5, cette troisième opération intéressant simultanément les deux faces 10₁ et 11 afin de former les deux faces planes 4 et 5 du bord d'attaque 3 de la dent et afin de recentrer l'arête 12 qui devient l'arête 6 située dans le plan médian de la dent contenant l'axe X-X. Cette arête 6 est à angle vif et cela du fait des opérations successives préliminaires illustrées sur les figures 3 et 4 sans lesquelles une telle arête vive ne pourrait être obtenue.The pinion then undergoes a third forging operation illustrated in FIG. 5, this third operation simultaneously involving the two
Le pignon ainsi obtenu pourvu du bord d'attaque désiré, pourra éventuellement subir une opération complémentaire de matriçage, illustrée sur la figure 6, ayant pour effet de former des angles de dépouille D sur les faces latérales 14 et 15 situées en regard l'une de l'autre des dents, et délimitant entre elles les zones inter-dents.The pinion thus obtained provided with the desired leading edge, may possibly undergo a complementary die-stamping operation, illustrated in FIG. 6, having the effect of forming draft angles D on the
Dans le cas d'une boîte de vitesses, ces angles de dépouille D seront destinés à compenser les éventuels défauts de parallélisme des dents des pignons engrènant l'un l'autre, compte tenu par exemple des jeux obligatoires.In the case of a gearbox, these clearance angles D will be intended to compensate for any defects in the parallelism of the teeth of the pinions meshing with one another, taking account for example of the required clearances.
Lors des opérations successives de matriçage illustrées sur les figures 3, 4, 5 et 6, on met en oeuvre des matrices adaptées à chaque opération et, en particulier, chaque matrice présente des parties mâles adaptées, délimi tant les zones inter-dents du pignon et destinées à maintenir le métal constituant ces dents lors des opérations de matriçage successives. En outre, les parties mâles des matrices délimitant les zones inter-dents des pignons, sont de largeur réduite d'une opération à l'opération suivante, afin de permettre l'introduction de la pièce dans la matrice considérée.During the successive matrixing operations illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6, matrices adapted to each operation are used and, in particular, each matrix has adapted male parts, delimited both the inter-tooth areas of the pinion and intended to hold the metal constituting these teeth during successive die-forging operations. In addition, the male parts of the dies delimiting the inter-tooth areas of the pinions are of reduced width from one operation to the following operation, in order to allow the introduction of the part into the matrix considered.
Egalement, dans l'exemple représenté, le bord d'attaque 3 est situé perpendiculairement à une face latérale du pignon. Cependant, toute autre inclinaison pourra être adoptée suivant le genre d'engrenage devant être réalisé, l'arête de ce bord d'attaque pouvant également être parallèle à l'axe du pignon.Also, in the example shown, the leading
Dans les exemples ci-dessus décrits, on a considéré que la zone centrale du pignon est pleine. Cependant, bien souvent, dans le cas des boîtes de vitesses, ces pignons sont réalisés sous la forme de couronnes dentées et, dans ce cas, il est prévu conformément à l'invention, de réaliser initialement, éventuellement au cours de l'opération de découpage fin, des perçages dans la zone centrale de l'ébauche, ces perçages servant de moyens de centrage pour le positionnement de l'ébauche au cours des opérations ultérieures et successives de matriçage. Lorsque le pignon est réalisé, on lui fait alors subir une opération de découpage ayant pour effet de réaliser ce pignon sous la forme d'une couronne, comme cela est représenté sur la figure 1.In the examples described above, it has been considered that the central region of the pinion is full. However, very often, in the case of gearboxes, these pinions are produced in the form of toothed rings and, in this case, it is provided in accordance with the invention, to carry out initially, possibly during the operation of fine cutting, holes in the central area of the blank, these holes serving as centering means for positioning the blank during subsequent and successive stamping operations. When the pinion is produced, it is then subjected to a cutting operation having the effect of producing this pinion in the form of a crown, as shown in FIG. 1.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8608788 | 1986-06-18 | ||
FR8608788A FR2600274B1 (en) | 1986-06-18 | 1986-06-18 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SPROCKETS OF WHICH THE EDGE OF ATTACK OF THE TEETH SHAPES A ANGLE WITH A SHARP EDGE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0250312A1 true EP0250312A1 (en) | 1987-12-23 |
EP0250312B1 EP0250312B1 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
Family
ID=9336447
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19870401345 Expired - Lifetime EP0250312B1 (en) | 1986-06-18 | 1987-06-12 | Method of making pinions of which the tooth-driving surfaces form a sharp-edged angle |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0250312B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2554334B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3779495T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2031917T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2600274B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0737540A1 (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1996-10-16 | Feinstanz Ag | Method for making transmission parts with special teeth, in particular synchronisation teeth |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10021588B4 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2009-04-09 | Schaeffler Kg | Clutch toothing of an element of a synchronizing unit |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3688549A (en) * | 1970-08-14 | 1972-09-05 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Process for cold plastic forming of spaced tooth-like projections on a ring or similarly shaped member |
FR2183774A1 (en) * | 1972-05-05 | 1973-12-21 | Opti Holding Ag | |
FR2249721A1 (en) * | 1973-11-01 | 1975-05-30 | Fahrzeuggetriebewerke W Friede | |
FR2557946A1 (en) * | 1984-01-06 | 1985-07-12 | Renault | Pinion having a synchronisation dog with anti-release mechanism. |
WO1986000838A1 (en) * | 1984-07-24 | 1986-02-13 | Bayerisches Leichtmetallwerk Graf Blücher Von Wahl | Forging process |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5829510A (en) * | 1981-08-12 | 1983-02-21 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Controlling method for plane shape of thick plate |
JPS6049826A (en) * | 1983-08-29 | 1985-03-19 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Forming method of gear for transmission of automobile |
-
1986
- 1986-06-18 FR FR8608788A patent/FR2600274B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1987
- 1987-06-12 EP EP19870401345 patent/EP0250312B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-12 DE DE19873779495 patent/DE3779495T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-06-12 ES ES87401345T patent/ES2031917T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-17 JP JP62149303A patent/JP2554334B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3688549A (en) * | 1970-08-14 | 1972-09-05 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Process for cold plastic forming of spaced tooth-like projections on a ring or similarly shaped member |
FR2183774A1 (en) * | 1972-05-05 | 1973-12-21 | Opti Holding Ag | |
FR2249721A1 (en) * | 1973-11-01 | 1975-05-30 | Fahrzeuggetriebewerke W Friede | |
FR2557946A1 (en) * | 1984-01-06 | 1985-07-12 | Renault | Pinion having a synchronisation dog with anti-release mechanism. |
WO1986000838A1 (en) * | 1984-07-24 | 1986-02-13 | Bayerisches Leichtmetallwerk Graf Blücher Von Wahl | Forging process |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 7, no. 106 (M-213)[1251], 10 mai 1983; & JP-A-58 29 540 (TOYOTA JIDOSHA KOGYO K.K.) 21-02-1983 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0737540A1 (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1996-10-16 | Feinstanz Ag | Method for making transmission parts with special teeth, in particular synchronisation teeth |
US5722164A (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1998-03-03 | Feinstanz Ag | Method for manufacturing gearing components with special gearing, especially synchromesh gearing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2031917T3 (en) | 1993-01-01 |
FR2600274B1 (en) | 1990-03-09 |
EP0250312B1 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
DE3779495T2 (en) | 1993-04-29 |
JP2554334B2 (en) | 1996-11-13 |
JPS6357117A (en) | 1988-03-11 |
DE3779495D1 (en) | 1992-07-09 |
FR2600274A1 (en) | 1987-12-24 |
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