EP0249810B1 - Electrical switch - Google Patents

Electrical switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0249810B1
EP0249810B1 EP87108048A EP87108048A EP0249810B1 EP 0249810 B1 EP0249810 B1 EP 0249810B1 EP 87108048 A EP87108048 A EP 87108048A EP 87108048 A EP87108048 A EP 87108048A EP 0249810 B1 EP0249810 B1 EP 0249810B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
actuating element
switch
chamber
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87108048A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0249810A2 (en
EP0249810A3 (en
Inventor
Wilfried Dünki
Werner Saxer
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT87108048T priority Critical patent/ATE79198T1/en
Publication of EP0249810A2 publication Critical patent/EP0249810A2/en
Publication of EP0249810A3 publication Critical patent/EP0249810A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0249810B1 publication Critical patent/EP0249810B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/16—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. for a door switch, a limit switch, a floor-levelling switch of a lift
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/16—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. for a door switch, a limit switch, a floor-levelling switch of a lift
    • H01H3/168—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. for a door switch, a limit switch, a floor-levelling switch of a lift operated by movement in any direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical switch according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an accident protection device on a machine with such a switch.
  • a switch of the type mentioned is known from US-A-2 471 841. In the rest position, it breaks a circuit and closes it in the work position. In addition, he could not meet the requirement for a safety switch to protect machine operators from accidents because the switching paths are not short enough and are not constant. Furthermore, it only switches when the force is applied in certain directions.
  • a switch is also known with an actuating cam on a plate disk which carries a contact ring.
  • the contacts are interrupted and closed only in different selected working positions.
  • the contacts can be connected individually or in pairs through the contact ring.
  • the plate washer is guided on four vertical guides, which are rectangular in cross section, and which laterally surrounds them with corresponding recesses.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a switch, the actuator can be acted upon from a variety of different directions in order to perform the switch function inevitably and with the same switching paths. According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • a switch according to the invention is arranged in an accident prevention device according to claim 4 or the rod is arranged, for example, at a short distance in front of the inlet nip of a pair of rollers of a printing press, only a slight displacement of the rod is required to interrupt the circuit. If, for example, a finger is pushed between a roller and the rod, the displacement path of the rod on the finger translates in proportion to the distance from the switch, so that this practically interrupts the circuit and switches off the machine. If the protective device is designed according to claim 4, the above-mentioned translation effect occurs at every point on the rod, so that the protective device can be implemented practically in any desired sensitivity.
  • a housing shell 3 with an opening 4 is screwed onto a rotationally symmetrical base body 1 with an external thread 2.
  • Base body 1 and housing jacket 3 consist of an electrically insulating material.
  • a contact pin 5 is seated axially in the base body 1 and can be connected to a circuit at 6.
  • the base body 1 forms a flat support 7, which is surmounted by the free end 8 of the contact pin 5.
  • the housing jacket 3 is provided with a cylindrical inner surface 9 within which a disk-shaped part 10 of the movable contact 11 is mounted.
  • the peripheral surface of the disk-shaped part 10 is rounded in cross section, the radius R being at least approximately the same in the diameter of the part 10.
  • the part 10 also lies with little play in the housing shell 3, so that it can be pivoted in the manner shown in FIG. 2.
  • An actuating cam 13 adjoins the disk-shaped part 10 of the movable contact 11 axially, the outer end of which is rounded.
  • the lateral distance between the actuating cam 13 and the opening 4 is so large that the disk-shaped part 10 can be pivoted in the manner shown in FIG. 2 in which it is lifted off the end 8 of the contact pin 5.
  • a foam rubber ring 14 is further inserted, which is prestressed when the housing cover 3 is screwed onto the base body 1 and presses the disc-shaped part 10 against the end 8 of the contact pin 5, which acts as a spacer, so that there is a slight distance 15 of a few tenths of a millimeter between the edge 12 and the support 7 and a current flow from the fixed to the movable contact 6 or 11 is possible.
  • the fixed contact 5 and the movable contact 11 consist of electrically conductive material. If the switch with the connection point 6 and the actuating cam 13 is connected in a circuit, each lateral force component on the cam 13 causes the disk-shaped part 10 to pivot or tilt as shown in FIG.
  • the sensitivity of the switch can be within wide limits be varied.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a use of the switch according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in a safety device on a printing press.
  • Two switches are attached to the cheeks 16 of the machine stand in a symmetrical arrangement. These are arranged in a circuit 17 which interrupts the machine drive.
  • the actuating cams 13 of the two switches are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner by a tube 18 which is loosely pushed over them.
  • the tube is arranged as close as possible to the inlet nip between printing unit rollers 19 (the upper one is not shown) and in a parallel alignment to these.
  • the elastic preload of the sponge rubber rings 14 must be so great that, despite the weight of the tube 18, the fixed and movable contacts 5 and 11 touch, or the edge 12 and the support 7 are aligned in parallel and thereby close the circuit 17 . If, for example, an operator reaches with a finger or hand at 20 between the tube 18 and one of the two pressure rollers 19 forming the inlet gap, the tube 18 is pressed slightly away from the pressure roller 19, with the tube ends pivoting the actuating cams 13.
  • a housing body 20 is provided with a blind hole 21 which forms a cylindrical inner surface 9 ⁇ .
  • the movable contact 11 is arranged, the disc-shaped part 10 ⁇ has an electrically conductive layer on the end face.
  • the laterally raised edges of part 10 ⁇ are rounded, the radius of curvature R ⁇ being at least approximately equal to its diameter.
  • the 7 ⁇ of the support Blind hole 21 facing edge 12 ⁇ of part 10 ⁇ also lies in one plane.
  • the movable contact 11 ⁇ has on the side facing away from the edge 12 ⁇ an annular shoulder which is in contact with a prestressed foam rubber ring 14 ⁇ , which in turn is supported against an annular disk 23 held by a snap ring 22.
  • the snap ring 22 is seated in an annular groove open in the cylindrical inner surface.
  • the movable contact 11 ⁇ extends through the sponge rubber ring 14 ⁇ , the washer 23 and the snap ring 22 to the outside and forms a socket-like actuation cam 24 with a circular access opening, which is delimited by an annular rib 25 with a rounded cross section. If (as in the application example according to FIG. 3) a tube 18 ⁇ with one end is pushed into the actuating cam 24, the movable contact 11 ⁇ can be pivoted on all sides, the sponge rubber ring 14 Edinburgh generating a restoring force which wants to align the edge 12 ⁇ parallel to the support 7 ⁇ .
  • the support 7 ⁇ of the blind hole 21 is axially surmounted by the end 8 ⁇ of the fixed contact pin 5 ⁇ , which holds the non-pivoted, disc-shaped part 10 ⁇ at a distance 15 ⁇ from the plane 7, when it is pressed under the uniform pressure of the foam rubber ring 14 ⁇ against the contact pin 5 ⁇ .
  • the outer end of the contact pin 5 ⁇ is used to connect an electrical conductor.
  • a second bore 26 is in the bottom of the housing body 20 parallel to the fixed contact 5 ⁇ a pin-shaped conductor 27 axially displaceable therein.
  • the conductor 27 is pressed by a prestressed coil spring 28 beyond the plane 7 ⁇ into a constant contact with the conductive layer of the part 10 ⁇ .
  • the outer end of the conductor 27 is used to connect an electrical line, the conductor connections mentioned being covered by a removable protective hood which is detachably connected to the housing body 20.
  • the conductor 27 always remains in contact with the movable contact 11 ⁇ , which is lifted by tilting on the support 7 ⁇ from the tip 8 ⁇ of the fixed contact pin 5 ⁇ .
  • the foam rubber ring 14 ⁇ pushes the disk-shaped part 10 ⁇ and the movable contact pin 27 back until it touches the contact pin 5 ⁇ again and closes the circuit.
  • the foam rubber ring 14 or 14 ⁇ can be replaced by a coil spring.
  • the contact pin 5 ' is surrounded by an insulator 35, on which a contact ring 36 is pushed axially and with play and is pressed against a stop 38 by a spring 37.
  • the springs 31 and 37 can be connected to electrical circuits. If a force is applied to the cam 13 ', the ring disk 30 is pivoted or tilted away from the contact disk 33 and the circuit 39 is interrupted. When this force application moves the movable contact 11 ⁇ axially until its washer 30 touches the contact ring 36, the circuit 40 which has been interrupted until then is closed.
  • the conductor 27 can be arranged in a housing-fixed manner in an annular groove surrounding the contact pin 7.
  • An electrically conductive, spring-loaded coil spring made of beryllium bronze is arranged in this annular groove. This is in any position of the movable contact 11 ⁇ with its conductive layer on the one hand and the conductor 27 on the other in contact.
  • the bias of this electrically conductive spring must, however, be less than that of the foam rubber ring 14 ⁇ or a spring instead of this.
  • the movable contact 11 ⁇ has a circular disk 29 with a rounded, peripheral surface. With this, the actuating cam 13 ⁇ is firmly connected. Both are made of insulating material. It also has (11 ⁇ ) an electrically conductive washer 30 which is always held in contact with the washer 29 ⁇ by a helical spring 31.
  • the Ring disk 30 is provided with a central bore 32.
  • the stationary contact pin 5 ⁇ protrudes through the bore 32 and is provided at the free end with a contact disk 33. This lies in a blind hole 34 in the disk 29 and has a larger diameter than the bore 32. When the washer 30 is in current contact with the contact disk 33, the washer 29 lies against the annular support 7 ring.

Abstract

An electric switch wherein a fixed contact is engaged by a tiltable and reciprocable second contact under the action of an elastic washer or a coil spring. The second contact can be tilted by a projection, which extends from the housing, in cooperation with a flat abutment in the housing. When the projection is tilted, it causes the second contact to pivot relative to the abutment and to become disengaged from the fixed contact. The projection can be tilted by a bar or a tube which must be displaced by a person or object tending to penetrate into a danger zone, such as the nip of two cylinders in a printing machine or a machine tool. A third contact can be provided to be engaged by the second contact when the latter is disengaged from the fixed contact.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen elektrischen Schalter gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 und auf eine Unfallschutzvorrichtung an einer Maschine mit einem solchen Schalter.The present invention relates to an electrical switch according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an accident protection device on a machine with such a switch.

Ein Schalter der erwähnten Art ist aus der US-A-2 471 841 bekannt. In der Ruhelage unterbricht er einen Stromkreis und schliesst ihn in der Arbeitslage. Zudem könnte er die Anforderung an einen Sicherheitsschalter, der Bedienungspersonen einer Maschine vor Unfällen schützen soll, auch nicht erfüllen, weil die Schaltwege nicht klein genug und nicht konstant sind. Des weiteren schaltet er nur, wenn der Kraftangriff in bestimmten Richtungen erfolgt.A switch of the type mentioned is known from US-A-2 471 841. In the rest position, it breaks a circuit and closes it in the work position. In addition, he could not meet the requirement for a safety switch to protect machine operators from accidents because the switching paths are not short enough and are not constant. Furthermore, it only switches when the force is applied in certain directions.

Aus der US-A-4 394 548 ist weiter ein Schalter bekannt mit einer Betätigungsnocke an einer Tellerscheibe, die einen Kontaktring trägt. In der Ruhelage der Tellerscheibe 54 sind die Kontakte unterbrochen und nur in verschiedenen ausgewählten Arbeitslagen geschlossen. Durch Kippen der Tellerscheibe können die Kontakte einzeln oder paarweise durch den Kontaktring in Verbindung gebracht werden. Bei achsialem Druck können noch zwei weitere Kontakte geschlossen werden. Die Tellerscheibe ist an vier vertikalen, im Querschnitt rechteckigen Führungen geführt, welche sie mit entsprechenden Ausnehmungen seitlich umgreift. Damit bei dieser Lagerung der Tellerscheibe Schwenkbewegungen der Betätigungsnocke in acht verschiedenen Richtungen möglich sind, ist ein vergleichsweise grosses Spiel zwischen den Ausnehmungen an der Tellerscheibe einerseits und den Führungen anderseits erforderlich. Damit sind aber konstante, kleine Schaltwege nicht gewährleistet, weshalb ein solcher Schalter für Sicherheitszwecke ausscheidet.From US-A-4 394 548 a switch is also known with an actuating cam on a plate disk which carries a contact ring. In the rest position of the disk 54, the contacts are interrupted and closed only in different selected working positions. By tilting the plate washer, the contacts can be connected individually or in pairs through the contact ring. With axial pressure, two further contacts can be closed. The plate washer is guided on four vertical guides, which are rectangular in cross section, and which laterally surrounds them with corresponding recesses. Thus, with this mounting of the plate disc, pivoting movements of the actuating cam in eight different directions are possible, a comparatively large game between the recesses on the plate washer on the one hand and the guides on the other hand is required. However, constant, small switching paths are not guaranteed, which is why such a switch is not suitable for safety purposes.

Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe, einen Schalter zu schaffen, dessen Betätigungsorgan aus einer Vielzahl verschiedener Richtungen beaufschlagt werden kann, um die Schalterfunktion zwangsläufig und bei stets gleichen Schaltwegen auszuführen. Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1.The present invention has for its object to provide a switch, the actuator can be acted upon from a variety of different directions in order to perform the switch function inevitably and with the same switching paths. According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Wird ein erfindungsgemässer Schalter in einer Unfallschutzvorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 4 angeordnet bzw. die Stange z.B. mit geringem Abstand vor dem Einlaufspalt eines Walzenpaares einer Druckmaschine angeordnet, bedarf es nur einer geringsten Verschiebung der Stange, um den Stromkreis zu unterbrechen. Wird beispielsweise ein Finger zwischen eine Walze und die Stange geschoben, übersetzt sich der Verschiebeweg der Stange beim Finger proportional zum Abstand vom Schalter, so dass dieser praktisch momentan den Stromkreis unterbricht und die Maschine abschaltet. Wird die Schutzvorrichtung entsprechend dem Anspruch 4 ausgestaltet, ergibt sich der genannte Übersetzungseffekt an jeder Stelle der Stange, so dass die Schutzvorrichtung praktisch in jeder gewünschten Empfindlichkeit ausgeführt werden kann.If a switch according to the invention is arranged in an accident prevention device according to claim 4 or the rod is arranged, for example, at a short distance in front of the inlet nip of a pair of rollers of a printing press, only a slight displacement of the rod is required to interrupt the circuit. If, for example, a finger is pushed between a roller and the rod, the displacement path of the rod on the finger translates in proportion to the distance from the switch, so that this practically interrupts the circuit and switches off the machine. If the protective device is designed according to claim 4, the above-mentioned translation effect occurs at every point on the rod, so that the protective device can be implemented practically in any desired sensitivity.

Anhand der beiliegenden schematischen Zeichnung wird die Erfindung beispielsweise erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1 und 2
einen Querschnitt durch den rotationssymmetrischen Schalter mit geschlossenen und offenen Kontakten,
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt durch ein Anwendungsbeispiel,
Fig. 4 und 5
einen Querschnitt durch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel mit geschlossenen und offenen Kontakten, und
Fig. 6
einen Querschnitt durch ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel.
The invention is explained, for example, with the aid of the attached schematic drawing. Show it:
1 and 2
a cross section through the rotationally symmetrical switch with closed and open contacts,
Fig. 3
a cross section through an application example,
4 and 5
a cross section through a second embodiment with closed and open contacts, and
Fig. 6
a cross section through a third embodiment.

Auf einem rotationssymmetrischen Grundkörper 1 mit einem Aussengewinde 2 ist ein Gehäusemantel 3 mit einer Durchbrechung 4 aufgeschraubt. Grundkörper 1 und Gehäusemantel 3 bestehen aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material. Im Grundkörper 1 sitzt axial ein Kontaktstift 5, der bei 6 an einen Stromkreis anschliessbar ist. Der Grundkörper 1 bildet ein ebenes Auflager 7, das vom freien Ende 8 des Kontaktstiftes 5 überragt wird. Der Gehäusemantel 3 ist mit einer zylindrischen Innenfläche 9 versehen innerhalb der ein scheibenförmiger Teil 10 des beweglichen Kontaktes 11 gelagert ist. Die periphere Fläche des scheibenförmigen Teils 10 ist im Querschnitt kreisförmig gerundet, wobei der Radius R mindestens näherungsweise gleich im Durchmesser des Teiles 10 ist. Der Teil 10 liegt zudem mit geringem Spiel im Gehäusemantel 3, so dass er in der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Weise verschwenkt werden kann. Weiter weist er auf der dem Auflager 7 zugewandten Seite einen kreisförmigen Rand 12 auf, der seinerseits in einer zum Auflager 7 parallelen Ebene liegt. Axial an den scheibenförmigen Teil 10 des beweglichen Kontakts 11 schliesst eine Betätigungsnocke 13 an, deren äusseres Ende kugelig gerundet ist. Der seitliche Abstand zwischen der Betätigungsnocke 13 zur Durchbrechung 4 ist so gross, dass das scheibenförmige Teil 10 in der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Weise verschwenkt werden kann, in der es vom Ende 8 des Kontaktstiftes 5 abgehoben ist. Zwischen dem scheibenförmigen Teil 10 und dem Gehäusemantel 3 ist weiter ein Moosgummiring 14 eingelegt, der beim Festschrauben des Gehäusedeckels 3 auf dem Grundkörper 1 auf Druck vorgespannt wird und das scheibenförmige Teil 10 gegen das Ende 8 des Kontaktstiftes 5 drückt, der als Abstandhalter wirkt, so dass zwischen dem Rand 12 und dem Auflager 7 ein geringfügiger Abstand 15 von wenigen Zehntelmillimetern besteht und ein Stromfluss vom festen zum beweglichen Kontakt 6 bzw. 11 möglich ist. Der feste Kontakt 5 und der bewegliche Kontakt 11 bestehen aus elektrisch leitendem Material. Ist der Schalter mit der Anschlussstelle 6 und dem Betätigungsnocken 13 in einen Stromkreis geschaltet, so bewirkt jede seitliche Kraftkomponente auf den Nocken 13 ein Verschwenken bzw. Kippen des scheibenförmigen Teils 10 entsprechend Fig. 2, wodurch der Rand 12 an einer Stelle mit dem Auflager 7 des isolierenden Grundkörpers 1 zur Anlage kommt, wodurch sich der Teil 10 vom Auflager 7 derart abhebt, dass die Berührung mit dem festen Kontakt 5 aufgehoben (und damit der Stromkreis unterbrochen) wird.A housing shell 3 with an opening 4 is screwed onto a rotationally symmetrical base body 1 with an external thread 2. Base body 1 and housing jacket 3 consist of an electrically insulating material. A contact pin 5 is seated axially in the base body 1 and can be connected to a circuit at 6. The base body 1 forms a flat support 7, which is surmounted by the free end 8 of the contact pin 5. The housing jacket 3 is provided with a cylindrical inner surface 9 within which a disk-shaped part 10 of the movable contact 11 is mounted. The peripheral surface of the disk-shaped part 10 is rounded in cross section, the radius R being at least approximately the same in the diameter of the part 10. The part 10 also lies with little play in the housing shell 3, so that it can be pivoted in the manner shown in FIG. 2. Furthermore, it has a circular edge 12 on the side facing the support 7, which in turn lies in a plane parallel to the support 7. An actuating cam 13 adjoins the disk-shaped part 10 of the movable contact 11 axially, the outer end of which is rounded. The lateral distance between the actuating cam 13 and the opening 4 is so large that the disk-shaped part 10 can be pivoted in the manner shown in FIG. 2 in which it is lifted off the end 8 of the contact pin 5. Between the disc-shaped part 10 and the housing shell 3, a foam rubber ring 14 is further inserted, which is prestressed when the housing cover 3 is screwed onto the base body 1 and presses the disc-shaped part 10 against the end 8 of the contact pin 5, which acts as a spacer, so that there is a slight distance 15 of a few tenths of a millimeter between the edge 12 and the support 7 and a current flow from the fixed to the movable contact 6 or 11 is possible. The fixed contact 5 and the movable contact 11 consist of electrically conductive material. If the switch with the connection point 6 and the actuating cam 13 is connected in a circuit, each lateral force component on the cam 13 causes the disk-shaped part 10 to pivot or tilt as shown in FIG. 2, as a result of which the edge 12 is in one place with the support 7 of the insulating base body 1 comes to rest, whereby the part 10 stands out from the support 7 in such a way that the contact with the fixed contact 5 is canceled (and thus the circuit is interrupted).

Durch eine Veränderung des Abstandes 15 (in dem man den Kontaktstift 5 nicht oder mehr oder weniger über die Ebene 7 vorstehen lässt) oder der Länge des Betätigungsnockens 13 oder des Durchmessers des scheibenförmigen Teils 10 und der übrigen Schalterteile kann die Empfindlichkeit des Schalters in weiten Grenzen variert werden.By changing the distance 15 (in which the contact pin 5 is not or not more or less protruding beyond the level 7) or the length of the actuating cam 13 or the diameter of the disk-shaped part 10 and the other switch parts, the sensitivity of the switch can be within wide limits be varied.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Verwendung des Schalters nach Fig. 1 und 2 in einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung an einer Druckmaschine. An den Wangen 16 des Maschinenständers sind in symmetrischer Anordnung zwei Schalter befestigt. Diese sind in einem den Maschinenantrieb unterbrechenden Stromkreis 17 angeordnet. Die Betätigungsnocken 13 der beiden Schalter sind durch ein lose darüber geschobenes Rohr 18 miteinander elektrisch leitend verbunden. Das Rohr ist möglichst nahe am Einlaufspalt zwischen Druckwerkwalzen 19 (die obere ist nicht dargestellt) und in paralleler Ausrichtung zu diesen angeordnet.3 shows a use of the switch according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in a safety device on a printing press. Two switches are attached to the cheeks 16 of the machine stand in a symmetrical arrangement. These are arranged in a circuit 17 which interrupts the machine drive. The actuating cams 13 of the two switches are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner by a tube 18 which is loosely pushed over them. The tube is arranged as close as possible to the inlet nip between printing unit rollers 19 (the upper one is not shown) and in a parallel alignment to these.

Die elastische Vorspannung der Moosgummiringe 14 muss dabei so gross sein, dass sich trotz des Gewichtes des Rohres 18 der feste und der bewegliche Kontakt 5 bzw. 11 berühren, bzw. der Rand 12 und der Auflager 7 parallel ausgerichtet sind und dadurch den Stromkreis 17 schliessen. Gelangt nun beispielsweise eine Bedienungsperson mit einem Finger oder einer Hand bei 20 zwischen das Rohr 18 und eine der beiden den Einlaufspalt bildenden Druckwalzen 19, so wird das Rohr 18 leicht von der Druckwalze 19 weg gedrückt, womit die Rohrenden die Betätigungsnocken 13 verschwenken. Da das Rohr 18 an seinen Enden gelenkig an den Betätigungsnocken 13 gelagert ist, erzeugt die bei "Z" auftretende Verschiebung des Rohres 18 entsprechend den Abständen zu den Betätigungsnocken 13 (Rohrenden) eine Übersetzungswirkung, was ein praktisch momentanes Unterbrechen des Stromkreises wenigstens bei einem der beiden Schalter ermöglicht.The elastic preload of the sponge rubber rings 14 must be so great that, despite the weight of the tube 18, the fixed and movable contacts 5 and 11 touch, or the edge 12 and the support 7 are aligned in parallel and thereby close the circuit 17 . If, for example, an operator reaches with a finger or hand at 20 between the tube 18 and one of the two pressure rollers 19 forming the inlet gap, the tube 18 is pressed slightly away from the pressure roller 19, with the tube ends pivoting the actuating cams 13. Since the tube 18 is articulated at its ends on the actuation cams 13, the displacement of the tube 18 which occurs at "Z" in accordance with the distances to the actuation cams 13 (tube ends) produces a translation effect, which means a practically momentary interruption of the circuit at least in one of the allows both switches.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 4 und 5 bezeichnen gleiche Ziffern gleiche oder äquivalente Teile wie im Beispiel nach den Fig. 1 bis 3.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the same numerals designate the same or equivalent parts as in the example according to FIGS. 1 to 3.

Ein Gehäusekörper 20 ist mit einem Sackloch 21 versehen, das eine zylindrische Innenfläche 9ʹ bildet. In diesem ist der bewegliche Kontakt 11ʹ angeordnet, dessen scheibenförmiges Teil 10ʹ stirnseitig eine elektrisch leitende Schicht aufweist. Die seitlich hochgezogenen Ränder des Teils 10ʹ sind gerundet, wobei der Rundungsradius Rʹ mindestens angenähert gleich seinem Durchmesser ist. Der dem Auflager 7ʹ des Sackloches 21 zugewandte Rand 12ʹ des Teils 10ʹ liegt ebenfalls in einer Ebene. Der bewegliche Kontakt 11ʹ weist auf der dem Rand 12ʹ abgewandten Seite eine Ringschulter auf, die in Berührung mit einem auf Druck vorgespannten Moosgummiring 14ʹ steht, der sich seinerseits gegen eine von einem Sprengring 22 gehaltene Ringscheibe 23 abstützt. Der Sprengring 22 sitzt in einer in die zylindrische Innenfläche offenen Ringnut. Der bewegliche Kontakt 11ʹ erstreckt sich durch den Moosgummiring 14ʹ, die Ringscheibe 23 und den Sprengring 22 nach aussen und bildet eine gelenkpfannenartige Betätigungsnocke 24 mit einer kreisrunden Zugangsöffnung, die durch eine Ringrippe 25 mit gerundetem Querschnitt begrenzt ist. Wird (wie beim Anwendungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3) ein Rohr 18ʹ mit einem Ende in die Betätigungsnocke 24 geschoben, kann der bewegliche Kontakt 11ʹ allseits verschwenkt werden, wobei der Moosgummiring 14ʹ eine Rückstellkraft erzeugt, die den Rand 12ʹ parallel zum Auflager 7ʹ ausrichten will.A housing body 20 is provided with a blind hole 21 which forms a cylindrical inner surface 9ʹ. In this, the movable contact 11 is arranged, the disc-shaped part 10ʹ has an electrically conductive layer on the end face. The laterally raised edges of part 10ʹ are rounded, the radius of curvature Rʹ being at least approximately equal to its diameter. The 7ʹ of the support Blind hole 21 facing edge 12ʹ of part 10ʹ also lies in one plane. The movable contact 11ʹ has on the side facing away from the edge 12ʹ an annular shoulder which is in contact with a prestressed foam rubber ring 14ʹ, which in turn is supported against an annular disk 23 held by a snap ring 22. The snap ring 22 is seated in an annular groove open in the cylindrical inner surface. The movable contact 11ʹ extends through the sponge rubber ring 14ʹ, the washer 23 and the snap ring 22 to the outside and forms a socket-like actuation cam 24 with a circular access opening, which is delimited by an annular rib 25 with a rounded cross section. If (as in the application example according to FIG. 3) a tube 18ʹ with one end is pushed into the actuating cam 24, the movable contact 11ʹ can be pivoted on all sides, the sponge rubber ring 14 erzeugt generating a restoring force which wants to align the edge 12ʹ parallel to the support 7ʹ.

Das Auflager 7ʹ des Sackloches 21 wird axial vom Ende 8ʹ des festen Kontaktstiftes 5ʹ überragt, der das nicht verschwenkte, scheibenförmige Teil 10ʹ im Abstand 15ʹ von der Ebene 7ʹ hält, wenn es unter dem gleichmässigen Druck des Moosgummiringes 14ʹ gegen den Kontaktstift 5ʹ gedrückt wird. Das äussere Ende des Kontaktstiftes 5ʹ dient dem Anschluss eines elektrischen Leiters.The support 7ʹ of the blind hole 21 is axially surmounted by the end 8ʹ of the fixed contact pin 5ʹ, which holds the non-pivoted, disc-shaped part 10ʹ at a distance 15ʹ from the plane 7, when it is pressed under the uniform pressure of the foam rubber ring 14ʹ against the contact pin 5ʹ. The outer end of the contact pin 5ʹ is used to connect an electrical conductor.

Um den elektrischen Stromkreis vom festen Kontakt 5ʹ und dem beweglichen Kontakt 11ʹ nicht über das Rohr 18ʹ führen zu müssen (wie im Beispiel nach den Fig. 1 bis 3), ist im Boden des Gehäusekörpers 20 parallel zum festen Kontakt 5ʹ eine zweite Bohrung 26 mit einem darin axial verschiebbaren stiftförmigen Leiter 27 vorgesehen. Der Leiter 27 wird durch eine auf Druck vorgespannte Schraubenfeder 28 über die Ebene 7ʹ hinaus in eine ständige Anlage mit der leitenden Schicht des Teils 10ʹ gedrückt. Das äussere Ende des Leiters 27 dient dem Anschluss einer elektrischen Leitung, wobei die erwähnten Leiteranschlüsse durch eine abnehmbare Schutzhaube abgedeckt sind, welche lösbar mit dem Gehäusekörper 20 verbunden ist. Wird bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel der bewegliche Kontakt 11ʹ durch einen Druck auf das Rohr 18ʹ verschwenkt, bleibt der Leiter 27 stets in Berührung mit dem beweglichen Kontakt 11ʹ, der durch ein Kippen auf dem Auflager 7ʹ von der Spitze 8ʹ des festen Kontaktstiftes 5ʹ abgehoben wird. Bei einer Entlastung des Rohres 18ʹ drückt der Moosgummiring 14ʹ das scheibenförmige Teil 10ʹ und den beweglichen Kontaktstift 27 zurück, bis es den Kontaktstift 5ʹ wieder berührt und den Stromkreis schliesst.In order not to have to lead the electrical circuit from the fixed contact 5ʹ and the movable contact 11ʹ over the tube 18ʹ (as in the example according to FIGS. 1 to 3), a second bore 26 is in the bottom of the housing body 20 parallel to the fixed contact 5ʹ a pin-shaped conductor 27 axially displaceable therein. The conductor 27 is pressed by a prestressed coil spring 28 beyond the plane 7ʹ into a constant contact with the conductive layer of the part 10ʹ. The outer end of the conductor 27 is used to connect an electrical line, the conductor connections mentioned being covered by a removable protective hood which is detachably connected to the housing body 20. If in this embodiment the movable contact 11ʹ is pivoted by a pressure on the tube 18ʹ, the conductor 27 always remains in contact with the movable contact 11ʹ, which is lifted by tilting on the support 7ʹ from the tip 8ʹ of the fixed contact pin 5ʹ. When the tube 18ʹ is relieved, the foam rubber ring 14ʹ pushes the disk-shaped part 10ʹ and the movable contact pin 27 back until it touches the contact pin 5ʹ again and closes the circuit.

Der Moosgummiring 14 bzw. 14ʹ kann durch eine Schraubenfeder ersetzt werden.The foam rubber ring 14 or 14ʹ can be replaced by a coil spring.

Der Kontaktstift 5ʺ ist von einem Isolator 35 umgeben, auf den axial und mit Spiel ein Kontaktring 36 aufgeschoben und durch eine Feder 37 gegen einen Anschlag 38 gedrückt ist.The contact pin 5 'is surrounded by an insulator 35, on which a contact ring 36 is pushed axially and with play and is pressed against a stop 38 by a spring 37.

Die Federn 31 und 37 sind an elektrische Stromkreise anschliessbar. Erfolgt ein Kraftangriff an der Nocke 13ʺ wird die Ringscheibe 30 von der Kontaktscheibe 33 weggeschwenkt bzw. weggekippt und der Stromkreis 39 unterbrochen. Verschiebt sich bei diesem Kraftangriff der bewegliche Kontakt 11ʺ axial bis seine Ringscheibe 30 den Kontaktring 36 berührt, wird der bis dahin unterbrochene Stromkreis 40 geschlossen.The springs 31 and 37 can be connected to electrical circuits. If a force is applied to the cam 13 ', the ring disk 30 is pivoted or tilted away from the contact disk 33 and the circuit 39 is interrupted. When this force application moves the movable contact 11ʺ axially until its washer 30 touches the contact ring 36, the circuit 40 which has been interrupted until then is closed.

Nach einem nicht dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel kann bei einem Schalter gemäss den Fig. 4 und 5 der Leiter 27 gehäusefest in einer den Kontaktstift 7 korzentrisch umgebenden Ringnut angeordnet sein. In dieser Ringnut ist eine elektrisch leitende, auf Druck vorgespannte Schraubenfeder aus Beryllium-Bronce angeordnet. Diese steht in jeder Lage des beweglichen Kontaktes 11ʹ mit dessen leitender Schicht einerseits und dem Leiter 27 anderseits in Berührung. Die Vorspannung dieser elektrisch leitenden Feder muss allerdings kleiner sein als jene des Moosgummiringes 14ʹ bzw. einer statt diesem vorhandenen Feder.4 and 5, the conductor 27 can be arranged in a housing-fixed manner in an annular groove surrounding the contact pin 7. An electrically conductive, spring-loaded coil spring made of beryllium bronze is arranged in this annular groove. This is in any position of the movable contact 11ʹ with its conductive layer on the one hand and the conductor 27 on the other in contact. The bias of this electrically conductive spring must, however, be less than that of the foam rubber ring 14ʹ or a spring instead of this.

Beim Beispiel nach Fig. 6 bezeichnen gleiche Hinweisziffern funktionell gleiche Teile wie bei den Fig. 1 bis 5. Der bewegliche Kontakt 11ʺ weist eine kreisförmige Scheibe 29 mit gerundeter, peripherer Fläche auf. Mit dieser ist die Betätigungsnocke 13ʺ fest verbunden. Beide bestehen aus isolierendem Material. Weiter weist er (11ʺ) eine elektrisch leitende Ringscheibe 30 auf, die durch eine Schraubenfeder 31 stets in Anlage mit der Scheibe 29ʹ gehalten ist. Die Ringscheibe 30 ist mit einer zentralen Bohrung 32 versehen. Der ortsfeste Kontaktstift 5ʺ ragt durch die Bohrung 32 hindurch und ist am freien Ende mit einer Kontaktscheibe 33 versehen. Diese liegt in einem Sackloch 34 in der Scheibe 29 und hat einen grösseren Durchmesser als die Bohrung 32. Wenn die Ringscheibe 30 mit der Kontaktscheibe 33 stromschlüssig in Berührung steht, liegt die Scheibe 29 am ringförmigen Auflager 7ʺ an.In the example according to FIG. 6, the same reference numerals designate functionally the same parts as in FIGS. 1 to 5. The movable contact 11ʺ has a circular disk 29 with a rounded, peripheral surface. With this, the actuating cam 13ʺ is firmly connected. Both are made of insulating material. It also has (11ʺ) an electrically conductive washer 30 which is always held in contact with the washer 29ʹ by a helical spring 31. The Ring disk 30 is provided with a central bore 32. The stationary contact pin 5ʺ protrudes through the bore 32 and is provided at the free end with a contact disk 33. This lies in a blind hole 34 in the disk 29 and has a larger diameter than the bore 32. When the washer 30 is in current contact with the contact disk 33, the washer 29 lies against the annular support 7 ring.

Claims (4)

  1. An electrical switch with a housing (1, 3) which defines a cylindrical chamber, with a circular actuating element (10, 10', 29) mounted in the chamber so that it can move and acted upon by a spring element (14, 14', 31), which actuating element interacts with an associated support (7, 7', 7''), wherein the actuating element (10, 10', 29) is oriented transverse to the chamber in the off position and can be tilted on all sides into an operating position by means of an activating cam (13, 13', 13'') accessible from the outside of the housing with deformation of the spring element (14, 14', 31) and whilst supported on the support (7, 7', 7''), and with a first electrical contact firmly fixed to the housing in the chamber and a second electrical contact in the chamber, which contacts can be permanently connected to an electrical circuit (17, 39), characterised in that the actuating element (10, 10', 29) has the second contact, that the actuating element (10, 10', 29) causes the first contact to make contact with the second contact in the off position under the action of the spring element (14, 14', 31) in order to close the electrical circuit (17, 39) in the region of the switch, that the actuating element (10, 10', 29) has a convex peripheral outer surface with which it adjoins the cylindrical wall (9) of the chamber on all sides in the off position, that the support (7, 7', 7'') extends along the edge of the actuating element (10, 10', 29) in the off position of the actuating element (10, 10', 29) and is then opposite this edge at a uniform distance from it, and that the electrical circuit (17, 39) is broken by the actuating element (10, 10', 29) tilting when a force is applied to the activating cam (13, 13', 13'').
  2. An electrical switch according to Claim 1, characterised in that the first contact (5, 5', 5'') is arranged coaxially in the cylindrical chamber.
  3. An accident protection device on a machine or an apparatus with a switch according to Claims 1 or 2 for breaking the electrical drive circuit of the machine or the apparatus, characterised in that access to the danger zone of the machine or the apparatus is blocked by a rod (18, 18'), that one end of the rod (18, 18') is linked to the activating cam (13, 13', 13'') and the switch serves as the bearing for this end of the rod, and that the other end of the rod (18, 18') is held by a bearing box.
  4. A protective device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the bearing box for the other end of the rod is also a switch according to Claims 1 or 2, and that the second end of the rod is linked to the activating cam (13, 13', 13'') of this switch.
EP87108048A 1986-06-20 1987-06-04 Electrical switch Expired - Lifetime EP0249810B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87108048T ATE79198T1 (en) 1986-06-20 1987-06-04 ELECTRICAL SWITCH.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2499/86 1986-06-20
CH2499/86A CH671480A5 (en) 1986-06-20 1986-06-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0249810A2 EP0249810A2 (en) 1987-12-23
EP0249810A3 EP0249810A3 (en) 1989-10-04
EP0249810B1 true EP0249810B1 (en) 1992-08-05

Family

ID=4235178

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87108048A Expired - Lifetime EP0249810B1 (en) 1986-06-20 1987-06-04 Electrical switch

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4785146A (en)
EP (1) EP0249810B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS634517A (en)
AT (1) ATE79198T1 (en)
CH (1) CH671480A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3780873D1 (en)

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DE10054677A1 (en) * 2000-11-03 2002-05-29 Siemens Ag Press button switch, e.g. for producing electrical signals in production lines, has housing containing switch that can be operated by both shifting and pivoting actuating element in housing

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JPH0628753Y2 (en) * 1988-01-19 1994-08-03 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 Switch device
SE9603603L (en) * 1996-10-02 1998-04-03 Kjell Andersson Safety Robots for Industrial Robots

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10054677A1 (en) * 2000-11-03 2002-05-29 Siemens Ag Press button switch, e.g. for producing electrical signals in production lines, has housing containing switch that can be operated by both shifting and pivoting actuating element in housing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0249810A2 (en) 1987-12-23
EP0249810A3 (en) 1989-10-04
JPS634517A (en) 1988-01-09
US4785146A (en) 1988-11-15
DE3780873D1 (en) 1992-09-10
CH671480A5 (en) 1989-08-31
ATE79198T1 (en) 1992-08-15

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