EP0247072A1 - Traitement des faces internes de coudes de tuyaux - Google Patents

Traitement des faces internes de coudes de tuyaux

Info

Publication number
EP0247072A1
EP0247072A1 EP86906247A EP86906247A EP0247072A1 EP 0247072 A1 EP0247072 A1 EP 0247072A1 EP 86906247 A EP86906247 A EP 86906247A EP 86906247 A EP86906247 A EP 86906247A EP 0247072 A1 EP0247072 A1 EP 0247072A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
bend
treatment head
support frame
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP86906247A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
James William Shannon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vickers Australia Ltd
Original Assignee
Vickers Australia Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vickers Australia Ltd filed Critical Vickers Australia Ltd
Publication of EP0247072A1 publication Critical patent/EP0247072A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B05B13/0645—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies the hollow bodies being rotated during treatment operation
    • B05B13/0672—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies the hollow bodies being rotated during treatment operation and the inclination or the distance of a treating nozzle being modified relative to the rotation axis, e.g. for treating irregular internal surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/053—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work aligning cylindrical work; Clamping devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/54—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only
    • B23Q1/5406—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes

Definitions

  • bends This invention relates to the internal facing or surface modification of pipe bends and elbows (hereinafter referred to as bends) .
  • the invention has particular application in providing an abrasion and/or corrosion resistant lining in bends formed of metal, such as by weld deposition.
  • the invention is applicable to the lining of bends of material other than metal, such as bends of plastics or ceramic material.
  • the invention has application in providing a lining by techniques other than weld deposition, such as flame spraying techniques involving plasma and oxygen-acetylene flame spraying of metal and/or ceramic, and spraying techniques other than flame spraying.
  • the invention has application in surface modification of the internal surfaces of bends by controlled surface heat treatment, using a heat source with or without quenching.
  • apparatus for internal surface modification of pipe bends and elbows including a support frame; drive means for rotating the frame about a principal axis; the support frame having mounting means adapted to position a bend thereon such that the bend has a radial section thereof positioned substantially in a work plane perpendicular to said axis such that said section is substantially centered on said axis during rotation of the frame about said axis; and a treatment head positionable at said work plane, adjacent said axis, and operable to effect modification of an annular zone of said surface, around said radial section, as said frame and a bend mounted thereon is rotated under the action of said drive means to move said zone across the treatment head.
  • the invention also provides a process for internal surface modification of pipe bends and elbows (herein referred to as bends), wherein a bend is positioned on mounting means O-f. a support frame rotatable about a principal axis; the bend being positioned such that it has a radial section thereof positioned substantially in a work plane perpendicular to said axis and such that said section is substantially centered on said axis during rotation of the frame about said axis; a treatment head being positioned at said work plane, adjacent said axis, and operated to effect modification of an annular zone of said surface around said radial section as said frame and the bend mounted thereon is rotated under the action of drive means to move said zone across the treatment head.
  • bends internal surface modification of pipe bends and elbows
  • the mounting means may comprise a cradle in which the bend is releasably mounted.
  • the cradle may be configured to receive a bend of a given external diameter and radius of curvature, with the overall apparatus being intended solely for use for the internal surface modification of bends of substantially the same form.
  • the cradle, or the support frame and its cradle may be separable from the drive system to enable replacement with another on which bends of a different external diameter and/or ' radius of curvature can be accommodated for internal surface modification on the one machine.
  • the one cradle may be adjustable to enable bends of a range of diameters and/or curvatures to be mountable thereon.
  • the support frame may be movable relative to the drive system.
  • the frame is so movable to enable successive radial sections of the bend to be positioned substantially perpendicular to, and centred on, the principal axis of rotation.
  • the frame preferably is pivotal about a pivot axis which is at right angles to, but laterally offset from, the principal axis, with the pivot axis extending through or closely adjacent the centre of curvature of the 1Q bend when the bend is mounted on the frame.
  • the overall arrangement of the support frame and drive system preferably is such that, during rotation of the frame about the principal axis, the bend is rotated with the frame so that its positioned radial section remains in the work plane and centered on the principal axis.
  • the treatment head may be one operable to apply material, such as weld metal, to the internal surface of a bend.
  • the treatment head preferably is positionable so that, during rotation of the frame and a bend mounted thereon, it is 20 adapted to apply material to that surface in a substantially annular application zone parallel with and in, or adjacent, the work plane. That is, the treatment head is adapted to provide material within, and around the internal surface of the bend at the positioned radial section of the bend.
  • the treatment head is operable to apply material in successive substantially annular application zones along the bend, to progressively build up a facing over the internal surface of the bend.
  • F-T thereon may be movable, to position successive radial sections of the pipe bend in the work plane, by a step-wise or continuous movement.
  • indexing movement means or a continuous movement means, preferably is provided for adjusting the position of the cradle and a bend mounted thereon relative to the drive system by pivoting movement of the cradle on its pivot axis.
  • Each such alternative movement means may be independent of, or actuated by, the drive system.
  • operation of the movement means is substantially synchronized with rotation of the support frame. That is, the movement means preferably enables the treatment head to operate to apply material in each annular application zone, in at least one substantially complete transversal of each zone, during each rotation of the frame by the drive system.
  • Result (b) may achieve a required amount of applied material at the radially inner arc length but, even if this is so, exposed inner surface of the bend between successive application zones at radially outer arc lengths will mean that such exposed surface does not derive such protection as is intended to be provided by the lining.
  • the apparatus preferably is adapted to provide a complete lining over the full inner surface of the bend, over at least a required arcuate length of the bend, which is of at least minimum thickness throughout.
  • a lining to provide corrosion resistance, this enables a lining which is of substantially constant thickness throughout.
  • this may necessitate a lining which is of greater thickness at radially outer arc lengths of the inner surface of the bend that at radially inner arc lengths, since in use of bends in pipe lines to convey abrasive materials, the abrasive action of those materials is greater at the outer area of the bend inner surface.
  • the drive system is operable to rotate the treatment head
  • the 10 support frame and a bend thereon at a rate which varies between a maximum and a minimum in each revolution.
  • the rate of rotation is a maximum and a minimum when the treatment head is applying material at the radially . inner and radially outer arc length respectively, so that the amount of material applied and, hence, the thickness and to a degree the width of the application zone, progressively increases from the radially inner to the radially outer arc length.
  • means for supplying material to be applied by the treatment to the treatment head is operable to vary the rate of supply of that material, in each revolution.
  • the rate of supply is varied between a maximum and a minimum when the treatment head is at the radially outer and radially inner arc length, respectively. Operation again is such that the amount of material applied and, hence the thickness and to a degree the width of the application zone,
  • the drive system may be operable so as also to vary the rate of rotation, as described in the preceding paragraph.
  • variation in the rate of revolution and rate of supply preferably are in a continuous cycle.
  • the thickness of applied material is substantially constant or such that this thickness increases with increase in width of the application zone.
  • the variation may be such that successive application zones merge or partially overlap, so that a continuous lining is formed over the inner surface of the bend; the lining preferably being either of substantially uniform thickness or of increased thickness at radially outer arc lengths compared with the thickness at radiually inner arc lengths.
  • one or both of the rate of revolution and the rate of supply of material to be applied may be substantially constant.
  • the treatment head is mounted so as to be movable to transverse an oscillating path in a plane containing the principal axis about which the support frame is rotatable by the drive system.
  • the arrangement is such that oscillation of the treatment head in that plane is substantially parallel to arc lengths of the bend at which material momentarily is being applied, and laterally with respect to the application zone being formed.
  • Oscillating means for imparting such movement to the treatment head, preferably is operable to vary the oscillations in amplitude and, if required, also in frequency.
  • the overall operation of the oscillating means principally is to vary the amplitude of oscillation of the treatment head. Such variation preferably is between a minimum when the treatment head is applying material at the radially inner arc length of the bend, and a maximum when at the radially outer arc length, so that the width of the treatment zone increases from the inner to the outer arc length.
  • the oscillating movement of the treatment head may 10 be combined with the features of the first arrangement or its modification, to enable overall control of the amount of material applied around an application zone. Variation in the rate of revolution of the support frame most preferably is used in such case.
  • each 20 end of the bend may be fully to one side of the principal axis and rotate bodily around that axis. Positioning of the treatment head within the bend must be able to accommodate this.
  • the apparatus preferably includes a treatment head carrier arm on one end of which the treatment head is mounted.
  • the carrier arm may be either retractable or removable to enable a bend to be secured on the support frame, or the bend may be receivable over the one end of the carrier arm after securing the bend on that frame.
  • the carrier arm then is positionable so as FY to extend into the bend at an angle to the principal axis with the treatment head located at or adjacent the work plane in which a radial section of the bend is positioned.
  • the carrier arm when so positioned, preferably is in a plane containing, or closely parallel to, the principal axis. That plane preferably also is one in which, or closely adjacent to which, the centre of curvature of the bend is located.
  • the angle at which the carrier arm extends with respect to the principal axis is dictated by the radius of
  • the parameters of the bend should be such that carrier arm can extend through at least slightly in excess of half the arc length of the bend.
  • the internal surface of at least half the bend can be lined, after which the bend is reversed to enable lining of its remaining internal surface.
  • the treatment head most conveniently is maintained in a substantially constant orientation. Also, apart from oscillating movement of the treatment head, as foreshadowed above and as explained further in the following, the treatment head is retained substantially in the work plane in which a given radial section of the bend is positioned for application
  • the bend is relative to and around the treatment head therein.
  • the carrier arm is moved relative to the principal axis, synchronously with rotation of the bend.
  • the preferred form of movement of the carrier arm relative to the principal axis is most readily understood by considering that arm as having a longitudinal axis.
  • the axis of the arm traces out a cone of revolution at the apex of which the treatment head is located.
  • the cone of revolution most preferably has its axis substantially co-incident with, or at a slight angle to, the principal axis; while the carrier arm preferably remains in a substantially constant orientation relative to its own axis.
  • the treatment head preferably is pivotally mounted on the end of the carrier arm.
  • the carrier arm preferably comprises a pair of elongate members, secured in a parallelogram linkage arrangement by a plurality of link members.
  • the treatment head may be one such link member, or it may be mounted on or in a fixed relation to one such link member.
  • Such movement of the treatment head carrier arm may be provided by arm rotation means engaged with the carrier arm remote from the treatment head and driven by, or independently ⁇ f, the drive system for rotating the frame about the principal axis.
  • the arm rotation means comprises a hub mounted for rotation on the principal axis. Extending from hub, laterially with respect to that axis, the arm rotation means has at least one bracket; with there preferably being two brackets spaced along the principal axis. The or each bracket has mounted thereon an annular ring which has a ring axis laterally offset from the principal axis and preferably substantially parallel to the principal axis.
  • the treatment head carrier arm extending through, and being pivotally mounted in the or each support member.
  • the arrangement is such that, with rotation of the hub of the rotation means, in synchronism with rotation of the support frame by the drive means, the or each bracket and its annular ring is rotated around the principal axis. During such rotation of the or each ring, the latter rotates relative to the support member therein; the carrier arm pivoting relative to the ring axis but remaining in a constant orientation relative to its own axis.
  • the treatment head may be reciprocable laterally of an application zone, during the application of material to form such zone.
  • the amplitude of reciprocation of the treatment head is variable so that the width of the application zone increases from a minimum at the inner arc length of the bend to a maximum at the outer arc length.
  • Reciprocation of the treatment head may be provided by reciprocating means acting on the treatment head carrier arm, to cause that arm to reciprocate longitudinally, with resultant reciprocation of the treatment head.
  • the reciprocating means comprises a cam member operable to cause reciprocation of a ca follower. Movement of the cam follower may be applied to relatively pivotable members by which the treatment head carrier arm is mounted in the or one arm support member, to thereby impart longitudinal reciprocating movement to the carrier arm.
  • the or each arm support member is a generally annular spider within which there is located a yoke member.
  • the latter is mounted within its spider so as to be pivotable on a first axis extending in a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the principal axis.
  • Within the yoke member there is a pivot or gimbal member in or on which the carrier arm is pivotally connected; with the pivot or gimbal member being pivotable on a second axis parallel to the first axis. Reciprocating movement of the cam follower is applied to the yoke member and, through the pivot or gimbal member, to the carrier arm.
  • the adjustment means may include an eccentric surface around the annular ring of the arm rotation means, or the one of those rings having the relatively pivotable members an which the reciprocating means is operable.
  • the adjustment means may include a first plate member adjustably mounted on the spider of that ring for limited movement of the plate member parallel to the first and second axes of the pivot members within that spider.
  • the adjustment means further includes a roller mounted on the first plate member and engaging the eccentric surface on the, or the one ring, such that the plate member is reversably adjusted during rotation of the ring with the arm rotation means.
  • the reciprocating means is mounted on a second plate member which preferably is substantially parallel to the first plate member; with such adjustment of the first plate member causing resultant adjustment of a pivotal connection, between two lever arms of the reciprocating means, longitudinally of one of those arms.
  • the treatment head comprises a weld head.
  • Weld deposition most conveniently is by use of a consumable electrode wire, received by the weld head from a wire supply source.
  • the apparatus can be used for bulk welding in which an alloy powder also is received by the weld head from a powder supply source; the powder being melted with electrode wire to form a weld deposit of a required composition.
  • Electrode wire for a welding operation may be passed along substantially the full length of the weld head carrier arm, to the weld head.
  • a wire feed device may be mounted on the carrier arm, such as at the end of that arm remote from the weld head.
  • the wire feed device may be of c ⁇ nventional form, with weld wire passing to that device from a wire supply spool mounted on or adjacent that remote end of the carrier arm.
  • the wire is passed along a conduit defined by or extending along the carrier arm to the weld head.
  • the wire passes from the conduit to the weld head, via an guide-way which changes the direction of longitudinal movement of the wire from a path parallel to the carrier arm to a direction substantially parallel to the work plane.
  • Such guide-way preferably is a : curved tube or channel and, in the case of a channel, may have a series of rollers therealong for constraining the wire to follow a required curved path defined by the guide-way.
  • a powder feeding device may be used for passing metal alloy powder along substantially the full length of the weld head carrier arm.
  • the feeding device preferably is mounted on the remote end of the carrier arm, and may receive powder from a supply which also is on or adjacent that end of the arm.
  • the powder is passed to a supply conduit of the feeding device for movement in the conduit, along the carrier arm, to a powder metering device located adjacent the weld head.
  • the feeding device may comprise an inlet chamber for the supply conduit into which powder is received from the source, and a plunger within the chamber for advancing successive charges of powder into and along the conduit.
  • the chamber may be defined by a sleeve in which the plunger is co-axially mounted, with the sleeve being intermittently advanced along an inlet portion of the supply conduit by a cam member, against the action of a return spring acting on the sleeve and which thereafter, repositions the plunger for its next advance.
  • the powder metering device may be of conventional form. It acts to receive powder from the supply conduit, and to discharge the powder adjacent the electrode wire stick-out from the weld head.
  • a hopper for metal alloy powder and a powder metering device are mounted on the weld head carrier arm at a position remote from the weld head.
  • a steady flow of powder issuing from the metering device is passed along a conduit, or along a thin endless conveyor, extending along the carrier arm for discharge therefrom adjacent the electrode wire stick-out from the weld head.
  • the metal alloy powder can be provided as core material in an electrode wire of hollow sheath form.
  • the weight ratio of sheath to core per unit length of the wire, and the composition of the sheat and core are chosen to achieve weld metal of suitable composition for the required properties in the resultant applied material.
  • the powder is provided by a powder metering device although, in this case, operation of the metering device can be regulated to vary the composition of the applied material if required.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a bend mounting and rotating sub-assembly
  • Figure 1A is a plan view of the sub-assembly of Figure 1;
  • Figures 2 and 2A correspond to Figures 1 and 1A, but show an alternative drive arrangement;
  • Figure 3 shows in side elevation, partly in section, a carrier arm sub-assembly located to the right of th sub-assembly of Figures 1 and 2;
  • Figure 3A shows a perspective view of the sub-assembly of Figure 3;
  • Figures 4 and 5 show, on an enlarged scale, alternative spider and yoke assemblies for the sub-assembly of Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 shows the spider of Figure 5 in an axial elevation
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the yoke of Figure 5.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of a gimbal component of Figure 5;
  • Figure 9 shows oscillating means for oscillating the carrier arm
  • Figure 9A shows a sectional view on line IXa.-IXa. of Figure 9;
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of the arrangement of Figure 9;
  • FIGS 11 to 13 show in detail components of the oscillating means of Figure 9;
  • Figures 14 and 15 show in side and axial elevation, respectively, a metal powder supply arrangement
  • Figure 16 shows an alternative form of a component shown in Figure 14.
  • Figures 17 and 18 show respective views, one a plan view and the other a side elevation, of a powder feeder device.
  • the drawings illustrate component sub-assemblies and parts of apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention. That apparatus principally is intended for lining of bends by weld deposition, although it readily will be apparent how the apparatus can be adapted for providing linings or treatments of other types.
  • a bend mounting and rotating sub-assembly 10 of bend modification apparatus comprises a drive system and has 10 a variable output motor 12 and, rotatable on a principal horizontal axis X under the action of motor 12, a drive frame 14.
  • a triangular, bend support frame 16 having cradles 18 on which a bend 20 is releaseably mountable by clamps (not shown) .
  • the overall arrange is such that, with bend 20 secured on cradles 18, a chosen radial, circular section of bend 20 is located in a vertical work plane perpendicular to axis X, with that radial section centered on that axis.
  • bend 20 is rotated around 20 axis X with the chosen section retained in that relationship.
  • a support plate 11 Projecting from frame 14, there is a support plate 11 having a stub axle 13.
  • Plate 11 supports axle 13 so that the latter has its axis substantially co-incident with axis X.
  • Plate 11 and axle 13 are rotatable with frame 14 and their function will become evident in the following.
  • variable speed motor 12 is positioned adjacent 30 plate 15 of frame 14 and rotates frame 14 on axis X by means ET of an output gear assembly 17 drivingly engaging peripheral gear teeth 19 on plate 15.
  • rollers 21 rotatably support frame 14 at peripheral ring 23 to facilitate rotation of the latter.
  • the alternative arrangement of Figures 2 and 2A is to be understood as applicable in all subsequent references to that of Figures 1 and 1A.
  • a weld head 22 is positioned at the work plane. Head 22 is retained in a substantially vertical orientation, for applying weld metal to the bottom of the chosen section of
  • a carrier arm 23 comprising a parallelogram linkage arrangement which includes upper and lower arms 24,26, which extends into one end of bend 20.
  • the outer end of arms 24,26 are pivotally connected to rotation means, described below.
  • Support frame 16 is pivotally mounted on frame 14 for movement about an axis through pin 28 which is at right angles to, but spaced laterally from, axis X. That pivot axis
  • bend 20 also is on the centre of curvature of bend 20 such that, on completion of application of a weld zone around the chosen section of bend 20, frame 16 is pivoted to present a next adjacent radial section of bend 20 in the work plane and a next weld zone is formed therearound. This procedure is followed until at least one half length of bend 20 has been internally lined with weld metal, after which bend 20 may be reversed to line its remaining length.
  • rollers 25 which ride on the surface of frame 14. Also, a
  • a motor 29 mounted below frame 14 drives a sprocket 31 engaged with chain or gear teeth 27 via a reduction gear system (not shown); sprocket 31 being mounted on a spindle 35 which projects through frame 14.
  • Motor 29 can provide either step-wise pivoting of frame 16, on completion of each revolution of frame 14 under the action of motor 12, or it can provide continuous pivoting of frame 16 as frame 14 is rotated by motor 12.
  • Such pivoting of frame 16 thus is such that weld head 22 deposits successive annular weld beads 0 or a continuous helical weld bead, respectively; but, in each case, the weld metal deposited most preferably provides continuous cover over at least a portion of the entire inner surface of bend 16.
  • Figure 3 shows a carrier arm rotation sub-assembly 30 of the bend modification apparatus.
  • arms 24,26 extend from sub-assembly 10 to sub-assembly 30, and are inclined at a small angle, such as about 20 , to axis X.
  • sub-assembly 30 comprises rotation means in which the outer 0 ends of arms 24,26 are pivotally connected, and which includes a hub 32, mounted for rotation on axis X, and a pair of radial arm members 34,36 welded to hub 32.
  • Sub-assembly 30 is mounted in relation to frame 14 by hub 32 thereof being retained on stub axle 13.
  • Sub-assembly 30 is rotatable with frame 14, such as by bolts 37 securing flange 39 of axle 13 and arm 34, around hub 32.
  • Figure 3 by its solid line and broken line representations, shows components thereof after rotation of frame 14 (omitted for ease of illustration) and bend 20 after 180° rotation of each.
  • Each arm 34,36 has a respective plate 38,39 and, at S ⁇ the outer end of plate 38,39, a respective annular ring 40,41 which has its axis parallel with axis X.
  • Ring 40 of arm 34 is nearer sub-assembly 10 than ring 41 of arm 36, and also has its axis closer to axis X.
  • each ring 40,41 there is a spider 42 as shown in Figure 4, and a rectangular yoke assembly 44 in which arms 24,26 are pivotally mounted by means of a gimbal 49 and pins 46. Rollers 45 on spider 42 enable relative rotation between each ring 40,41 and its spider 42.
  • the overall form of sub-assembly 30 is such that, 10; during its synchronous rotation with frames 14,16, arms 24,26 are caused to rotate around axis X in a substantially conical path, within rings 40,41.
  • rotation of each ring 40,41 around its spider 42 enables arms 24,26 to be retained in a substantially constant orientation, with arm 24 uppermost. Due to this, the parallelogram linkage relationship between arms 24,26 and a pivotal connection between arms 24,26 and weld head 22, the latter is retained in a substantially fixed orientation.
  • Figure 5 shows a partial view of a preferred form
  • yoke assembly 44 includes a yoke 47 of a generally rectangular, skeletal frame form, with
  • Yoke 47 has a tubular boss 47a. integral
  • yoke 47 of arm member 36 differs from that of arm 34 as it has a tab 47b projecting outwardly from its side opposite to boss 47a.
  • Spider 42 has an opening of the same general form as yoke 47, with a recess 42a. receiving boss 47a..
  • a pivot pin 42b mounted in recess 42a. extends into a bearing within boss 47a. so that yoke 47 is able to pivot about a first axis Y substantially perpendicular to, but laterally offset from, axis X to permit its side opposite boss 47a. to move into and out of the plane of spider 42.
  • gimbal 49 which, as shown in Figures 8, is of hollow, elongate rectangular form.
  • a trunnion pin 49a. at each end of gimbal 49 is journalled by a respective bearing 49b in bores 47c. of yoke 47 so that gimbal 49 is able to pivot into and out of the plane of yoke 47 about a second axis Z parallel to the pivot axis Y for yoke 47; axis Z preferably passing through axis X.
  • Weld head carrier arms 24,26, shown in Figure 5 extend through and are pivotally mounted in gimbal 49 by pins 46 such as shown in Figure 4.
  • the axes of pins 46 are substantially perpendicular to the first and second axes Y,Z respectively for yoke 47 and gimbal 49, and substantially perpendicular to axis X.
  • Rollers 45 enable spider 42 and its yoke assembly 44 to remain at a fixed overall orientation such as shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • Pins 46 enable carrier arms 24,26 to pivot relative to gimbal 49 as they trace out a cone of revolution during rotation of sub-assembly 30 on axis X.
  • the freedom of yoke 47 to pivot on axis Y and of gimbal 49 to pivot on axis Z is such that carrier arms 24,26 can be oscillated longitudinally, with corresponding oscillation of the weld head 22.
  • the spider 42 and yoke assembly 44 within ring 40 of arm member 34 is essentially as described so far.
  • the same features are present in the ring 41 of arm member 36, but that ring 41 of arm 36 also includes further components of oscillating means 36a. for imparting oscillating movement to carrier arms 24,26 and weld head 22.
  • the oscillating means 36a is illustrated in Figures 9, 9A and 10 with components thereof shown in Figures 11 to Q 13.
  • the oscillating means 36a. preferably is mounted on the face of the ring 41, spider 42 and yoke assembly 44 of arm member 36 which is opposed to arm member 34, as depicted in Figure 3.
  • the oscillating means 36a. includes an oscillator mount plate 50, an adjustment collar 51, an oscillating assembly 52 and an oscillation adjustment device 53. Plate 50 and collar 51 each has a central cut out 50a., 51a. the periphery of which allows pivoting of yoke 47 and gimbal 49. Plate 50 is bolted to spider 42 by bolts 51c. extending through holes 50b in plate 50 and engaging in bolt holes 42c. of spider 42.
  • Collar 51 is located between spider 42 and plate 50, with its cut out extending around the bolts retaining plate 50.
  • Bolts (not shown) mounted in bolt holes 51b of collar 51 project through slots 50c. of plate 50 so that collar 51 is capable of limited movement reative to plate 50 in the direction of pivot axes Y,Z.
  • a pivot member 54 (Figure 11) is mounted on collar 51 by bolts (not shown) through holes 51d of collar 51, into bolt holes 54c in the base 54a. of member 5- .
  • stem 54b of pivot member 54 extends through further slot 50d of plate 50 so that mounting bore 54e of member 54 is located on the side of plate 50 remote from collar 51.
  • the clearance provided by slot 50cl for stem 54b also allows movement of collar 51 relative to plate 50.
  • the oscillating assembly 52 is mounted on the face of mount plate 50 remote from collar 51 and includes a circular cam plate 55 having a cam track 55a. formed therein, and a lever system comprising levers 56,57,58.
  • Lever 56 is connected • to bracket 59 on plate 50 so as to be pivotable about fixed axis 56a.. Intermediate its ends, lever 56 has a cam follower provided by the stub of bolt 59 and located in the track 55a., such that rotation of plate 55 under the action of motor 60 causes the end of lever 56 remote from axis 56a. to reciprocate toward and away from plate 50.
  • Lever 57 has a first arm 57a. which defines a slot 57c in which is located the stub of bolt 61 carried at the remote end of lever 56.
  • Lever 57 has a second arm 57b parallel with, but spaced from arm 57a.; with arms 57a. and 57b interconnected by a rod 62 journalled in a sleeve 63 mounted on plate 50.
  • the end of arm 57b remote from rod 62 is pivotally connected, on axis 57d, between one end of two part lever 58 by bolt 64, while the other end of lever 58 is connected by a universal joint 65 to tab 47b of yoke 47.
  • lever 58 is connected to stem 54b. of pivot member 54 by bolt 66 passing through a slot 58b in each part of lever 58 and bore 54c, to enable pivoting of lever 58 on axis 58a..
  • Axes 56a., 57d. and 58a. are parallel to each other, and to the axis of rod 62. However, those axes are perpendicular to the direction in which collar 51 is movable relative to plate 50; with that direction being parallel to axes Y,Z for yoke 47 and gimbal 49.
  • the arrangement is such that rotation of cam plate 55, to cause pivoting lever 56, results in corresponding pivoting of arms 57a., 57b of lever 57 * an the axis of rod 62, and resultant pivoting of lever 58 on axis 58a..
  • levers 56, 57 and 58 Such pivoting of levers 56, 57 and 58 is in a reciprocating mode, and causes corresponding oscillating pivoting of yoke 47 on axis Y and of gimbal 49 and, hence, longitudinal reciprocation of weld head support arms 24,26 and weld head 22.
  • the oscillation adjustement device 53 includes a 10 peripheral surface 41a. of ring 41 of arm 36 of sub-assembly 30, which peripheral surface is eccentric with respect to the inner surface of that ring against which rollers 45 rotate.
  • Device 53 also includes rollers 67 mounted on collar 51 and engaging that eccentric surface of ring 41.
  • that ring 41 rotates around axis X and relative to its spider 42 and yoke assembly 44.
  • the eccentric surface 41a. of ring 41 rotates in engagement with roller 67. Due to its 20 eccentricity, surface 41a causes resultant oscillating movement of collar 51 between the extreme positions defined by slots 50c.
  • FY head carr er arms are caused to trace out a cone o revolution, the arms remain in a constant orientation relative to each other. It also is indicated that while rings 40, 41 rotate around axis X, they rotate relative to their spider 42, and pivot assembly therein. However, some form of constraint means is necessary to achieve this constant orientation and relative rotation.
  • a toothed wheel 36b is co-axially mounted on the spider of arm 36 of sub-assembly 30 at the side of that spider remote from oscillator means 36a..
  • a chain 36c passing around wheel 36b and a further such wheel 36d non-rotatably centred on axis X can be used to restrain rotation of the spider and hence retain the arms 24,26 in a constant orientation (such as one above the other) .
  • the spider wheel orbits around the fixed wheel, without rotation about its own axis. It will be appreciated that a variety of alternative arrangements are possible.
  • Figures 14 and 15 show, in detail, an arrangement for the supply of welding material at the work plane.
  • the material comprises consumable electrode wire 63 and alloy powder, both received from a respective source thereof, along arms 24,26.
  • Electrode wire is received along conduit 69, from which it issued into guide 70.
  • the latter is of curved form, and guides wire 68 to wire straightening rolls 71.
  • guide 70 is a V-form in section, and has a series of roller pairs 72,74 which cause wire 68 to follow guide 70.
  • guide 70 may simply comprise a curved tube through which the wire passes and by which the wire is straightened. From rolls 71, wire 68 passes through boss 76 mounted on arm 26, and though weld head nozzle holder 78 and weld nozzle 80. The lower end of nozzle 80 is spaced from the adjacent surface of bend 20, to leave a short wire stick out.
  • Alloy powder passes from a conduit 82 ( Figure 17) to inlet 84 of powder metering device 86; the latter, for example, being of conventional rotary form and operated by a flexible drive (not shown) .
  • Metered powder flow is supplied via pipe 88 from device 86 to nozzle holder 78, and discharged
  • a powder feeder device 90 At the end of arms 24,26 remote from weld head 22, then is mounted a powder feeder device 90 and a variable speed drive 92-, shown schematically in Figures 17 and 18 for device 90.
  • a variable drive wire feeder device (not shown) is similarly positioned and may be of any convenient form to pass electrode wire 68 along conduit 69 which extends along upper arm 24, to guide 70.
  • Powder feeder device 90 feeds powder along conduit 82 to metering device 86, conduit 82 also extending along arm 24. At the inlet end of conduit 82,
  • 20 device 90 includes a sleeve 94 reciprocable on that end of conduit 82 under the action of cam 96 and return spring 97.
  • sleeve 94 With sleeve 94 urged to the left, from its position shown in Figure 17, powder is able to flow into sleeve 94 from its source, via inlet pipe 98.
  • spring 97 On snap return of sleeve to the right under the action of spring 97, the powder is left behind, partly due to its inertia, but also because of fixed plunger 99 relative to which sleeve 94 is movable.

Abstract

Appareil et procédé destiné à modifier la surface interne d'un coude (20) de tuyaux ledit coude étant placé sur des organes de montage (16) d'un cadre de soutien (14) tournant autour d'un axe principal (X). Ledit coude (20) est placé de telle sorte à présenter une section radiale positionnée substantiellement selon un plan de travail perpendiculaire à l'axe (X) et centrée substantiellement sur ledit axe (X) durant la rotation du cadre (14) autour de l'axe (X). Une tête de traitement (22) est placée sur l'axe (X) adjacent du plan de travail, le fonctionnement de ladite tête permettant la modification d'une zone annulaire de la surface interne dudit coude (20) autour de la section radiale, pendant que le cadre (14) et le coude (20) montés sur ladite section tournent sur l'action d'organes d'entraînement (12) destinés à déplacer la zone à travers la tête de traitement (22).
EP86906247A 1985-11-07 1986-11-03 Traitement des faces internes de coudes de tuyaux Pending EP0247072A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU32/85 1985-11-07
AU328585 1985-11-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0247072A1 true EP0247072A1 (fr) 1987-12-02

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ID=3693742

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86906247A Pending EP0247072A1 (fr) 1985-11-07 1986-11-03 Traitement des faces internes de coudes de tuyaux

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0247072A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN86106399A (fr)
WO (1) WO1987002921A1 (fr)

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CN102513610B (zh) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-19 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 锉刀杆装置
CN103358135B (zh) * 2012-04-05 2016-02-10 中国石油天然气集团公司 大口径热煨弯管坡口加工专用工作台
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CN103659144B (zh) * 2013-12-26 2015-07-22 辽宁工业大学 一种用于自动复合焊接厚壁空心杆的工装
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CN86106399A (zh) 1987-07-08
WO1987002921A1 (fr) 1987-05-21

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