EP0242310B1 - Method, device and portable programming set to avoid fraud in electric taximeters, comprising a reprogrammable memory containing the tariffing data - Google Patents
Method, device and portable programming set to avoid fraud in electric taximeters, comprising a reprogrammable memory containing the tariffing data Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0242310B1 EP0242310B1 EP19870430007 EP87430007A EP0242310B1 EP 0242310 B1 EP0242310 B1 EP 0242310B1 EP 19870430007 EP19870430007 EP 19870430007 EP 87430007 A EP87430007 A EP 87430007A EP 0242310 B1 EP0242310 B1 EP 0242310B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- memory
- taximeters
- taximeter
- programming
- identification number
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B13/00—Taximeters
- G07B13/02—Details; Accessories
- G07B13/08—Tariff-changing arrangements
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a method, a device and a programming case for avoiding fraud on electronic taximeters comprising a reprogrammable random access memory containing pricing data.
- the technical sector of the invention is that of the construction of electronic taximeters.
- the taximeters that is to say the meters which equip the taxis and which display the prices of the races are currently electronic devices comprising a microprocessor which receives measurements of distance traveled by the taxi and time of occupation of the taxi and which calculates the price to pay by multiplying these measurements by unit prices which are recorded in a memory of the taximeter.
- Electronic taximeters are known in particular comprising a random access memory (RAM) which contains the data necessary for calculating the price of each race, namely the charge tax, the unit prices of supplements and the prices of the duration unit and of the unit of distance traveled.
- RAM random access memory
- This random access memory is a memory whose content can be erased and reprogrammed from an external unit comprising a central computing unit (microprocessor), a random access memory and a keyboard contained in a suitcase called a taximeter programming suitcase, which is used under the supervision of an organization responsible for monitoring measuring devices, for example from the Measuring Instruments Service in FRANCE.
- a central computing unit microprocessor
- a random access memory and a keyboard contained in a suitcase called a taximeter programming suitcase, which is used under the supervision of an organization responsible for monitoring measuring devices, for example from the Measuring Instruments Service in FRANCE.
- Taximeters of this type allow fraud. Indeed, a fraudster with a programming suitcase can use it to fraudulently modify the unit prices recorded in the memory of certain taximeters without the knowledge of the Service of Measuring Instruments and thus make customers pay for race prices higher than the regulated prices.
- the objective of the invention is to avoid fraud by means of a process by which each programming case is equipped with a counter which records the number of taximeter programming carried out using said case and the an identification number of said suitcase is entered in a memory location of said suitcase and the central unit of said programming suitcase is programmed so that it records, in the RAM of each taximeter, during the programming of the latter, said identification number of the suitcase in place of the previously recorded identification number and said serial number entered in said counter and said taximeters are equipped with means making it possible to display or print the identification number and serial number stored in the memory of the taximeter.
- the device according to document FR-A-2 335 892 describes a taximeter, the pricing data of which can be modified using a change device. This is associated with a plurality of taximeters which are characterized by their serial numbers stored with the corresponding validation codes in the programming case. After authentication of the taximeter, the transmission of new pricing data is carried out if the verification of the validation code is satisfactory.
- each programming suitcase includes a counter which records the name -'- number of reprogramming of taximeters and a read-only memory containing an identification number of said suitcase and each taximeter comprises, in said random access memory, a space intended to record during each reprogramming, the identification number of the suitcase used and the serial number entered in said counter.
- a programming case according to the invention is of the type comprising a central unit, a non-volatile random access memory, a keyboard which makes it possible to erase the content of said memory and to write new pricing data and means therein. allowing successively to connect said suitcase to a series of electronic taximeters. It is characterized by the fact that it further comprises a counter which records a serial number equal to the number of taximeters which have been reprogrammed by said suitcase, a read-only memory location in which an identification number is registered. said suitcase and means for transferring into each taximeter, when reprogramming thereof, said serial number and said identification number.
- the invention results in means making it possible to detect the origin of deceptions consisting in fraudulently using a programming suitcase to modify the pricing data. recorded in taximeters in order to make customers pay sums higher than those resulting from the application of a regulated tariff.
- the means according to the invention make it possible to identify the suitcase which has been used fraudulently and therefore to identify the fraudster and prevent him from continuing his actions fraudulent.
- the reference 1 schematically represents an electronic taximeter which comprises, in particular, a luminous display 2, a central unit 3 composed of a microprocessor, a main memory and a read-only memory containing the program of operations, a non-volatile random access memory 4, in which pricing data are recorded, that is to say the unit prices necessary for calculating the price of the trip and an interface unit 5 which is connected to a distance sensor 6 which is part of the vehicle .
- the calculation of unit prices also requires a clock 7 which is internal to the taximeter.
- the interface unit 4 is connected to a socket 8 which can receive a cable coming from a programming case 9.
- the case 9 comprises a central unit 10 composed of a microprocessor, a main memory and a read-only memory which contains the program for carrying out the data transfer operations.
- It comprises a non-volatile random access memory 11, into which the pricing data which is to be transferred into a series of taximeters is introduced. It includes an interface unit 12 which is connected to a keyboard 13 which makes it possible to erase the pricing data contained in the memory 11 and to write therein a new set of pricing data when these are modified. by the regulations in force.
- the interface unit 12 can be connected successively by a cable 14 to the terminals 8 of a series of taximeters to update the content of the RAM 4 of each of these taximeters by transferring the data of pricing contained in memory 11, the successive operations of this transfer being controlled by the program which is recorded in the read-only memory of the programming case.
- a device differs from the known devices in that the programming case comprises a memory location in which is recorded an identification code of the case which can for example be a manufacturing serial number.
- the suitcase 9 includes a counter 15 which records the number of reprogramming operations carried out from a suitcase, that is to say that the number entered in the counter 15 increases by one each time that the suitcase is used to reprogram a taximeter, so that the number entered in the counter 15 is a number which indicates the order in which the reprogramming takes place.
- the programming case is programmed so that, each time that it is used to reprogram any taximeter, it transfers to a location in the RAM 4 thereof, both the case identification number 9 and the serial number entered in the counter 15 and these data remain recorded in the memory 4 of the taximeter until a new reprogramming of the latter is carried out.
- the taximeters according to the invention further comprise means allowing the identification number of the programming case and the serial number which are written in the memory 4 to appear on the light display 2, so that if fraudulent tariff data are recorded in the memory 4, it is thus possible to identify the programming suitcase which served for this registration and to know by the serial number on how many taximeters this suitcase could have been used fraudulently.
- each suitcase may be asked to keep a register on which he must record the date and the number of the reprogrammed taximeter opposite each serial number which is read on the counter 15 or on a luminous display.
- the programming case can be connected to a printer which can print a listing bearing the above indications and which can issue a printed ticket at each reprogramming of a taximeter.
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé, un dispositif et une valise de programmation pour éviter des fraudes sur les taximètres électroniques comportant une mémoire vive reprogram- mable contenant des données de tarification.The subject of the present invention is a method, a device and a programming case for avoiding fraud on electronic taximeters comprising a reprogrammable random access memory containing pricing data.
Le secteur technique de l'invention est celui de la construction des taximètres électroniques.The technical sector of the invention is that of the construction of electronic taximeters.
Les taximètres, c'est-à-dire les compteurs qui équipent les taxis et qui affichent les prix des courses sont actuellement des appareils électroniques comportant un microprocesseur qui reçoit des mesures de distance parcourue par le taxi et de temps d'occupation du taxi et qui calcule le prix à payer en multipliant ces mesures par des prix unitaires qui sont enregistrés dans une mémoire du taximètre.The taximeters, that is to say the meters which equip the taxis and which display the prices of the races are currently electronic devices comprising a microprocessor which receives measurements of distance traveled by the taxi and time of occupation of the taxi and which calculates the price to pay by multiplying these measurements by unit prices which are recorded in a memory of the taximeter.
On connaît notamment des taximètres électroniques comportant une mémoire vive (RAM) qui contient les données nécessaires au calcul du prix de chaque course, à savoir la taxe de prise en charge, les prix unitaires des suppléments et les prix de l'unité de durée et de l'unité de distance parcourue.Electronic taximeters are known in particular comprising a random access memory (RAM) which contains the data necessary for calculating the price of each race, namely the charge tax, the unit prices of supplements and the prices of the duration unit and of the unit of distance traveled.
Cette mémoire vive est une mémoire dont le contenu peut être effacé et reprogrammé à partir d'une unité externe comportant une unité de calcul centrale (microprocesseur), une mémoire vive et un clavier contenus dans une valise dite valise de programmation des taximètres, qui est utilisée sous le contrôle d'un organisme chargé de surveiller les appareils de mesure par exemple du Service des Instruments de Mesure en FRANCE.This random access memory is a memory whose content can be erased and reprogrammed from an external unit comprising a central computing unit (microprocessor), a random access memory and a keyboard contained in a suitcase called a taximeter programming suitcase, which is used under the supervision of an organization responsible for monitoring measuring devices, for example from the Measuring Instruments Service in FRANCE.
Lorsque les prix unitaires de tarification sont modifiés par un décret ou par un règlement local, ce qui se produit assez fréquemment, tous les taxis d'une même ville se rendent auprès d'une station qui détient une valise de programmation.When the unit pricing prices are modified by a decree or by a local regulation, which occurs quite frequently, all taxis in the same city go to a station that holds a programming suitcase.
Avant de procéder à la reprogrammation des mémoires vives des taximètres, on commence à effacer le contenu de la mémoire vive de la valise de programmation puis on inscrit dans celle-ci, à l'aide du clavier, les nouvelles données de tarification.Before reprogramming the RAM memories of the taximeters, we start erasing the contents of the RAM memory of the programming case and then entering the new pricing data using the keyboard.
On connecte ensuite, l'un après l'autre, sur la valise de programmation au moyen d'un câble, les taximètres qui doivent être reprogrammés, on appuie sur une touche déterminé du clavier de la valise et le microprocesseur de la valise de programmation effectue automatiquement une suite programmée d'opérations qui lui permet d'effacer, de mettre à jour le contenu de la mémoire vive du taximètre en transférant dans celle-ci les données de tarification préalablement enregistrées dans la mémoire de la valise de programmation.We then connect, one after the other, to the programming suitcase by means of a cable, the taximeters which must be reprogrammed, we press a determined key on the keyboard of the suitcase and the microprocessor of the programming suitcase automatically performs a programmed sequence of operations which enables it to erase and update the content of the taximeter's RAM memory by transferring the pricing data previously recorded in the memory of the programming case into it.
Les procédures de transfert automatique de données entre deux micro-ordinateurs sont bien connues de l'homme de l'art.The procedures for automatic transfer of data between two microcomputers are well known to those skilled in the art.
Les taximètres de ce type permettent des fraudes. En effet, un fraudeur disposant d'une valise de programmation peut utiliser celle-ci pour modifier frauduleusement les prix unitaires inscrits dans la mémoire de certains taximètres à l'insu du Service des Instruments de Mesure et ainsi faire payer aux clients des prix de course supérieurs aux prix règlementés. L'objectif de l'invention est d'éviter les fraudes au moyen d'un procédé selon lequel on équipe chaque valise de programmation d'un compteur qui comptabilise le nombre de programmations de taximètres effectuées à l'aide de ladite valise et l'on inscrit dans un emplacement de mémoire de ladite valise un numéro d'identification de celle-ci et on programme l'unité centrale de ladite valise de programmation pour qu'elle enregistre, dans la mémoire vive de chaque taximètre, lors de la programmation de celle-ci, ledit numéro d'identification de la valise à la place du numéro d'identification précédemment enregistré et ledit numéro d'ordre inscrit dans ledit compteur et l'on équipe lesdits taximètres de moyens permettant d'afficher ou d'imprimer le numéro d'identification et le numéro d'ordre enregistrés dans la mémoire du taximètre. Le dispositif selon le document FR-A-2 335 892 décrit un taximètre dont les données de tarification peuvent être modifiées à l'aide d'un appareillage de changement. Celui-ci est associé à une pluralité de taximetres qui sont caractérisés par leurs numéros de série mémorisés avec les codes correspondants de validation dans la valise de programmation. Après l'authentification du taximetre la transmission des nouvelles données de tarification est effectuée si la vérification du code de validation est satisfaisante.Taximeters of this type allow fraud. Indeed, a fraudster with a programming suitcase can use it to fraudulently modify the unit prices recorded in the memory of certain taximeters without the knowledge of the Service of Measuring Instruments and thus make customers pay for race prices higher than the regulated prices. The objective of the invention is to avoid fraud by means of a process by which each programming case is equipped with a counter which records the number of taximeter programming carried out using said case and the an identification number of said suitcase is entered in a memory location of said suitcase and the central unit of said programming suitcase is programmed so that it records, in the RAM of each taximeter, during the programming of the latter, said identification number of the suitcase in place of the previously recorded identification number and said serial number entered in said counter and said taximeters are equipped with means making it possible to display or print the identification number and serial number stored in the memory of the taximeter. The device according to document FR-A-2 335 892 describes a taximeter, the pricing data of which can be modified using a change device. This is associated with a plurality of taximeters which are characterized by their serial numbers stored with the corresponding validation codes in the programming case. After authentication of the taximeter, the transmission of new pricing data is carried out if the verification of the validation code is satisfactory.
Un dispositif selon l'invention est caractérisé par le fait que chaque valise de programmation , comporte un compteur qui comptabilise le nom-'- bre de reprogrammations de taximètres et une mémoire morte contenant un numéro d'identification de ladite valise et chaque taximètre comporte, dans ladite mémoire vive, un emplacement destiné à enregistrer lors de chaque reprogrammation, le numéro d'identification de la valise utilisé et le numéro d'ordre inscrit dans ledit compteur.A device according to the invention is characterized in that each programming suitcase includes a counter which records the name -'- number of reprogramming of taximeters and a read-only memory containing an identification number of said suitcase and each taximeter comprises, in said random access memory, a space intended to record during each reprogramming, the identification number of the suitcase used and the serial number entered in said counter.
Une valise de programmation selon l'invention est du type comportant une unité centrale, une mémoire vive non volatile, un clavier qui permet d'effacer le contenu de ladite mémoire et d'inscrire dans celle-ci de nouvelles données de tarification et des moyens permettant de connecter successivement ladite valise sur une série de taximètres électroniques. Elle est caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte, en outre, un compteur qui comptabilise un numéro d'ordre égal au nombre de taximètres qui ont été reprogrammés par ladite valise, un emplacement de mémoire morte dans lequel est inscrit un numéro d'identification de ladite valise et des moyens pour transférer dans chaque taximètre, lors de la reprogrammation de celui-ci, ledit numéro d'ordre et ledit numéro d'identification.A programming case according to the invention is of the type comprising a central unit, a non-volatile random access memory, a keyboard which makes it possible to erase the content of said memory and to write new pricing data and means therein. allowing successively to connect said suitcase to a series of electronic taximeters. It is characterized by the fact that it further comprises a counter which records a serial number equal to the number of taximeters which have been reprogrammed by said suitcase, a read-only memory location in which an identification number is registered. said suitcase and means for transferring into each taximeter, when reprogramming thereof, said serial number and said identification number.
L'invention a pour résultat des moyens permettant de détecter l'origine de tromperies consistant à utiliser frauduleusement une valise de programmation pour modifier les données de tarification enregistrées dans des taximètres afin de faire payer aux clients des sommes supérieures à celles qui découlent de l'application d'un tarif règlementé.The invention results in means making it possible to detect the origin of deceptions consisting in fraudulently using a programming suitcase to modify the pricing data. recorded in taximeters in order to make customers pay sums higher than those resulting from the application of a regulated tariff.
En présence d'un taximètre dans lequel sont enregistrées des données de tarifications frauduleuses, les moyens selon l'invention permettent d'identifier la valise qui a été utilisée frauduleuse- menet et donc de repérer le fraudeur et de l'empêcher de poursuivre ses agissements frauduleux.In the presence of a taximeter in which fraudulent pricing data are recorded, the means according to the invention make it possible to identify the suitcase which has been used fraudulently and therefore to identify the fraudster and prevent him from continuing his actions fraudulent.
La description suivante se réfère à la figure unique qui représente schématiquement, sans aucun caractère limitatif, un exemple de réalisation d'un dispositif selon l'invention.The following description refers to the single figure which schematically represents, without any limiting character, an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention.
Le repère 1 représente schématiquement un taximètre électronique qui comporte, notamment, un afficheur lumineux 2, une unité centrale 3 composée d'un microprocesseur, d'une mémoire centrale et d'une mémoire morte contenant le programme des opérations, une mémoire vive non volatile 4, dans laquelle sont enregistrées des données de tarification, c'est-à-dire les prix unitaires nécessaires au calcul du prix de la course et une unité d'interface 5 qui est connectée sur un capteur de distance 6 qui fait partie du véhicule. Le calcul des prix unitaires nécessite également une horloge 7 qui est interne au taximètre.The reference 1 schematically represents an electronic taximeter which comprises, in particular, a luminous display 2, a central unit 3 composed of a microprocessor, a main memory and a read-only memory containing the program of operations, a non-volatile
L'unité d'interface 4 est connectée sur une douille 8 qui peut recevoir un câble provenant d'une valise de programmation 9. La valise 9 comporte une unité central 10 composée d'un microprocesseur, d'une mémoire centrale et d'une mémoire morte qui contient le programme de déroulement des opérations de transfert des données.The
Elle comporte une mémoire vive non volatile 11, dans laquelle on introduit les données de tarification qui doivent être transférées dans une série de taximètres. Elle comporte une unité d'interface 12 qui est connectée sur un clavier 13 qui permet d'effacer les données de tarification contenues dans la mémoire 11 et d'inscrire dans celle-ci un nouveau jeu de données de tarification lorsque celles-ci sont modifiées par les règlements en vigueur.It comprises a non-volatile
L'unité d'interface 12 peut être connecté successivement par un câble 14 sur les bornes 8 d'une série de taximètres pour mettre à jour le contenu de la mémoire vive 4 de chacun de ces taximètres en transférant dans celle-ci les données de tarification contenues dans la mémoire 11, les opérations successives de ce transfert étant commandées par le programme qui est enregistré dans la mémoire morte de la valise de programmation.The
Tout ce qui précède est connu et il n'est pas nécessaire d'en donner une description plus détaillée.All of the above is known and need not be described in more detail.
Un dispositif selon l'invention diffère des dispositifs connus par le fait que la valise de programmation comporte un emplacement de mémoire dans lequel est enregistré un code d'identification de la valise qui peut être par exemple un numéro de série de fabrication. De plus, la valise 9 comporte un compteur 15 qui comptabilise le nombre d'opérations de reprogrammation effectuées à partir d'une valise, c'est-à-dire que le nombre inscrit dans le compteur 15 augmente d'une unité chaque fois que la valise est utilisée pour reprogrammer un taximètre, de sorte que le nombre inscrit dans le compteur 15 est un numéro qui indique l'ordre dans lequel les reprogrammations ont lieu.A device according to the invention differs from the known devices in that the programming case comprises a memory location in which is recorded an identification code of the case which can for example be a manufacturing serial number. In addition, the
La valise de programmation est programmée pour que, chaque fois qu'on l'utilise pour reprogrammer un taximètre quelconque, elle transfère dans un emplacement de la mémoire vive 4 de celui-ci, à la fois le numéro d'identification de la valise 9 et le numéro d'ordre inscrit dans le compteur 15 et ces données restent enregistrées dans la mémoire 4 du taximètre jusqu'à ce que l'on procède à une nouvelle reprogrammation de celui-ci.The programming case is programmed so that, each time that it is used to reprogram any taximeter, it transfers to a location in the
Les taximètres électroniques connus comportent sur leur face avant, des boutons poussoirs qui permettent d'afficher dans l'afficheur lumineux 2, non seulement les prix de courses, mais également des données de gestion.Known electronic taximeters have on their front face, push buttons which make it possible to display in the luminous display 2, not only the prices of races, but also management data.
Les taximètres selon l'invention comportent de plus, des moyens permettant de faire apparaître sur l'afficheur lumineux 2 le numéro d'identification de la valise de programmation et le numéro d'ordre qui sont inscrits dans la mémoire 4, de sorte que si des données tarifaires frauduleuses sont enregistrées dans la mémoire 4, on peut ainsi identifier la valise de programmation qui a servi à cette inscription et savoir par le numéro d'ordre sur combien de taximètres cette valise a pu être utilisée frauduleusement.The taximeters according to the invention further comprise means allowing the identification number of the programming case and the serial number which are written in the
Pour renforcer la surveillance, on peut demander au détenteur de chaque valise de tenir à jour un registre sur lequel il doit consigner la date et le numéro du taximètre reprogrammé en face de chaque numéro d'ordre qui est lu sur le compteur 15 ou sur un afficheur lumineux.To strengthen surveillance, the holder of each suitcase may be asked to keep a register on which he must record the date and the number of the reprogrammed taximeter opposite each serial number which is read on the
En variante, la valise de programmation peut être connectée sur une imprimante qui peut imprimer un listing portant les indications ci- dessus et qui peut délivrer un ticket imprimé lors de chaque reprogrammation d'un taximètre.As a variant, the programming case can be connected to a printer which can print a listing bearing the above indications and which can issue a printed ticket at each reprogramming of a taximeter.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8603784A FR2595849B1 (en) | 1986-03-14 | 1986-03-14 | METHOD, DEVICE AND PROGRAMMING SUITCASE FOR AVOIDING FRAUD ON ELECTRONIC TAXIMETERS COMPRISING A REPROGRAMMABLE LIVE MEMORY, CONTAINING PRICING DATA |
| FR8603784 | 1986-03-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0242310A1 EP0242310A1 (en) | 1987-10-21 |
| EP0242310B1 true EP0242310B1 (en) | 1991-01-30 |
Family
ID=9333199
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19870430007 Expired - Lifetime EP0242310B1 (en) | 1986-03-14 | 1987-03-06 | Method, device and portable programming set to avoid fraud in electric taximeters, comprising a reprogrammable memory containing the tariffing data |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0242310B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3767750D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2020295B3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2595849B1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116847588A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-10-03 | 汉华智能科技(佛山)有限公司 | Intelligent electric power monitor terminal |
| CN116847588B (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2024-04-26 | 汉华智能科技(佛山)有限公司 | Intelligent electric power monitor terminal |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2705807B1 (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1995-07-21 | Ricard Claude | Method and device for changing tariffs for an electronic taximeter. |
| CN107909658A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-04-13 | 贵州大学 | A kind of taximeter of anti-cheating |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1571085A (en) * | 1975-12-15 | 1980-07-30 | Heritier F | Taximeters |
| GB1519721A (en) * | 1977-05-13 | 1978-08-02 | Green W E | Taximeters |
| GB1586557A (en) * | 1977-06-13 | 1981-03-18 | Western Eng Ltd | Electronic taximeter |
| DE3119812A1 (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1982-12-16 | Kienzle Apparate Gmbh, 7730 Villingen-Schwenningen | ELECTRONIC TAXAMETER |
-
1986
- 1986-03-14 FR FR8603784A patent/FR2595849B1/en not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-03-06 DE DE8787430007T patent/DE3767750D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-06 EP EP19870430007 patent/EP0242310B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-06 ES ES87430007T patent/ES2020295B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116847588A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-10-03 | 汉华智能科技(佛山)有限公司 | Intelligent electric power monitor terminal |
| CN116847588B (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2024-04-26 | 汉华智能科技(佛山)有限公司 | Intelligent electric power monitor terminal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3767750D1 (en) | 1991-03-07 |
| FR2595849B1 (en) | 1988-07-01 |
| EP0242310A1 (en) | 1987-10-21 |
| ES2020295B3 (en) | 1991-08-01 |
| FR2595849A1 (en) | 1987-09-18 |
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